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Lim J, Malek R, Jr S, Toh CC, Sundram M, Woo SYY, Yusoff NAM, Teh GC, Chui BJT, Ngu IS, Thevarajah S, Koh WJ, Lee SB, Khoo SC, Teoh BW, Zainal R, Tham TM, Omar S, Nasuha NA, Akaza H, Ong TA. Prostate cancer in multi-ethnic Asian men: Real-world experience in the Malaysia Prostate Cancer (M-CaP) Study. Cancer Med 2021; 10:8020-8028. [PMID: 34626088 PMCID: PMC8607241 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the third most common cancer in Malaysia with the lifetime risk of 1 in 117 men. Here, we initiated a longitudinal Malaysia Prostate Cancer (M‐CaP) Study to investigate the clinical and tumour characteristics, treatment patterns as well as disease outcomes of multi‐ethnic Asian men at real‐world setting. The M‐CaP database consisted of 1839 new patients with prostate cancer diagnosed between 2016 and 2018 from nine public urology referral centres across Malaysia. Basic demographic and clinical parameters, tumour characteristics, primary treatment, follow‐up and vital status data were retrieved prospectively from the hospital‐based patients’ case notes or electronic medical records. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and biochemical progression‐free survival (bPFS). The median age at diagnosis of M‐CaP patients was 70 years (interquartile range, IQR 65–75). Majority of patients were Chinese (831, 45.2%), followed by Malays (704, 38.3%), Indians (124, 6.7%) and other races (181, 9.8%). The median follow‐up for all patients was 23.5 months (IQR 15.9–33.6). Although 58.1% presented with late‐stage cancer, we observed ethnic and geographic disparities in late‐stage prostate cancer diagnosis. Curative radiotherapy and primary androgen deprivation therapy were the most common treatment for stage III and stage IV diseases, respectively. The median OS and bPFS of stage IV patients were 40.1 months and 19.2 months (95% CI 17.6–20.8), respectively. Late stage at presentation remains a challenge in multi‐ethnic Asian men. Early detection is imperative to improve treatment outcome and survival of patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Lim
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohan Malek
- Department of Urology, Selayang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sathiyananthan Jr
- Department of Urology, Selayang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Charng C Toh
- Department of Urology, Selayang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Murali Sundram
- Department of Urology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Susan Y Y Woo
- Department of Urology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor A M Yusoff
- Department of Urology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Guan C Teh
- Department of Urology, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Benjamin J T Chui
- Department of Urology, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Ing S Ngu
- Department of Urology, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - S Thevarajah
- Department of Urology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Wei J Koh
- Department of Urology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Say B Lee
- Department of Urology, Penang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Say C Khoo
- Department of Urology, Penang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Boon W Teoh
- Department of Urology, Penang Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Rohana Zainal
- Department of Surgery, Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Alor Setar, Malaysia
| | - Teck M Tham
- Department of Surgery, Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Alor Setar, Malaysia
| | - Shamsuddin Omar
- Department of Urology, Sultanah Aminah Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Noor A Nasuha
- Department of Surgery, Raja Perempuan Zainab II Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kota Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Hideyuki Akaza
- Strategic Investigation on Comprehensive Cancer Network, Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies / Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teng A Ong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Lan M, Zhu L, Wang Y, Shen D, Fang K, Liu Y, Peng Y, Qiao B, Guo Y. Multifunctional nanobubbles carrying indocyanine green and paclitaxel for molecular imaging and the treatment of prostate cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:121. [PMID: 32883330 PMCID: PMC7469305 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining ultrasound imaging with photoacoustic imaging provides tissue imaging with high contrast and resolution, thereby enabling rapid, direct measurements and the tracking of tumour growth and metastasis. Moreover, ultrasound-targeted nanobubble destruction (UTND) provides an effective way to deliver drugs, effectively increasing the content of the drug in the tumour area and reducing potential side effects, thereby successfully contributing to the treatment of tumours. RESULTS In this study, we prepared multifunctional nanobubbles (NBs) carrying indocyanine green (ICG) and paclitaxel (PTX) (ICG-PTX NBs) and studied their applications in ultrasound imaging of prostate cancer as well as their therapeutic effects on prostate cancer when combined with UTND. ICG-PTX NBs were prepared by the mechanical oscillation method. The particle size and zeta potential of the ICG-PTX NBs were 469.5 ± 32.87 nm and - 21.70 ± 1.22 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading efficiency of ICG were 68% and 2.52%, respectively. In vitro imaging experiments showed that ICG-PTX NBs were highly amenable to multimodal imaging, including ultrasound, photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging, and the imaging effect was positively correlated with their concentration. The imaging effects of tumour xenografts also indicated that ICG-PTX NBs were of good use for multimodal imaging. In experiments testing the growth of PC-3 cells in vitro and tumour xenografts in vivo, the ICG-PTX NBs + US group showed more significant inhibition of cell proliferation and the promotion of cell apoptosis compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). Blood biochemical analysis of the six groups showed that the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), phenylalanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum creatinine (CRE) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the ICG-PTX NBs and the ICG-PTX NBs + US groups were significantly lower than those in the PTX group (P < 0.05). Moreover, H&E staining of tissue sections from vital organs showed no obvious abnormalities in the ICG-PTX NBs and the ICG-PTX NBs + US groups. CONCLUSIONS ICG-PTX NBs can be used as a non-invasive, pro-apoptotic contrast agent that can achieve multimodal imaging, including ultrasound, fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging, and can succeed in the local treatment of prostate cancer providing a potential novel method for integrated research on prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Lan
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory Of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianhua Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daijia Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kejing Fang
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yanli Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory Of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Qiao
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanli Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Uemura H, Ye D, Kanesvaran R, Chiong E, Lojanapiwat B, Pu YS, Rawal SK, Abdul Razack AH, Zeng H, Chung BH, Md Yusoff NA, Ohyama C, Kim CS, Leewansangtong S, Tsai YS, Liu Y, Liu W, van Kooten Losio M, Asinas-Tan M. United in Fight against prOstate cancer (UFO) registry: first results from a large, multi-centre, prospective, longitudinal cohort study of advanced prostate cancer in Asia. BJU Int 2020; 125:541-552. [PMID: 31868997 PMCID: PMC7187217 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To document the management of advanced prostate cancer including diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and care, in real‐world practice in Asia using the United in Fight against prOstate cancer (UFO) registry. Patients and Methods We established a multi‐national, longitudinal, observational registry of patients with prostate cancer presenting to participating tertiary care hospitals in eight Asian countries. A total of 3636 eligible patients with existing or newly diagnosed high‐risk localised prostate cancer (HRL), non‐metastatic biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (M0), or metastatic prostate cancer (M1), were consecutively enrolled and are being followed‐up for 5 years. Patient history, demographic and disease characteristics, treatment and treatment decisions, were collected at first prostate cancer diagnosis and at enrolment. Patient‐reported quality of life was prospectively assessed using the European Quality of Life‐five Dimensions, five Levels (EQ‐5D‐5L) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Prostate Cancer questionnaires. In the present study, we report the first interim analysis of 2063 patients enrolled from study start (15 September 2015) until 18 May 2017. Results Of the 2063 enrolled patients, 357 (17%), 378 (19%), and 1328 (64%) had HRL, M0 or M1 prostate cancer, respectively. The mean age at first diagnosis was similar in each group, 56% of all patients had extracapsular extension of their tumour, 28% had regional lymph node metastasis, and 53% had distant metastases. At enrolment, 62% of patients had at least one co‐morbidity (mainly cardiovascular disease or diabetes), 91.8% of M1 patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score of <2 and the mean EQ‐5D‐5L visual analogue score was 74.6–79.6 across cohorts. Treatment of M1 patients was primarily with combined androgen blockade (58%) or androgen‐deprivation therapy (either orchidectomy or luteinising hormone‐releasing hormone analogues) (32%). Decisions to start therapy were mainly driven by treatment guidelines and disease progression. Decision to discontinue therapy was most often due to disease progression (hormonal drug therapy) or completion of therapy (chemotherapy). Conclusion In the UFO registry of advanced prostate cancer in Asia, regional differences exist in prostate cancer treatment patterns that will be explored more deeply during the follow‐up period; prospective follow‐up is ongoing. The UFO registry will provide valuable descriptive data on current disease characteristics and treatment landscape amongst patients with prostate cancer in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Uemura
- Department of Urology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Edmund Chiong
- Department of Urology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Bannakij Lojanapiwat
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yeong-Shiau Pu
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Byung Ha Chung
- Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Noor Ashani Md Yusoff
- Urology Department, Institute Urology and Nephrology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Choung Soo Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunai Leewansangtong
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuh-Shyan Tsai
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Department of Global Epidemiology, Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Weiping Liu
- Janssen Research and Development, Shanghai, China
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