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Singh DJ, Tuscano KM, Ortega AL, Dimri M, Tae K, Lee W, Muslim MA, Rivera Paz IM, Liu JL, Pierce LX, McClendon A, Gibson I, Livesay J, Sakaguchi TF. Forward genetics combined with unsupervised classifications identified zebrafish mutants affecting biliary system formation. Dev Biol 2024; 512:44-56. [PMID: 38729406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Impaired formation of the biliary network can lead to congenital cholestatic liver diseases; however, the genes responsible for proper biliary system formation and maintenance have not been fully identified. Combining computational network structure analysis algorithms with a zebrafish forward genetic screen, we identified 24 new zebrafish mutants that display impaired intrahepatic biliary network formation. Complementation tests suggested these 24 mutations affect 24 different genes. We applied unsupervised clustering algorithms to unbiasedly classify the recovered mutants into three classes. Further computational analysis revealed that each of the recovered mutations in these three classes has a unique phenotype on node-subtype composition and distribution within the intrahepatic biliary network. In addition, we found most of the recovered mutations are viable. In those mutant fish, which are already good animal models to study chronic cholestatic liver diseases, the biliary network phenotypes persist into adulthood. Altogether, this study provides unique genetic and computational toolsets that advance our understanding of the molecular pathways leading to biliary system malformation and cholestatic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Jyoti Singh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Kathryn M Tuscano
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Amrhen L Ortega
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Manali Dimri
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Kevin Tae
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - William Lee
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Muslim A Muslim
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Isabela M Rivera Paz
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jay L Liu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Lain X Pierce
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Allyson McClendon
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Isabel Gibson
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jodi Livesay
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Takuya F Sakaguchi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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2
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Zhou R, Cui W, Zeng N, Su B, Chen Y, Shi H, Zhao S. Dnttip2 is essential for 18S rRNA processing and digestive organ development in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149838. [PMID: 38564939 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Dnttip2 is one of the components of the small subunit (SSU) processome. In yeast, depletion of dnttip2 leads to an inefficient processing of pre-rRNA and a decrease in synthesis of the mature 18S rRNA. However, the biological roles of Dnttip2 in higher organisms are poorly defined. In this study, we demonstrate that dnttip2 is a maternal gene in zebrafish. Depletion of Dnttip2 leads to embryonic lethal with severe digestive organs hypoplasia. The loss of function of Dnttip2 also leads to partial defects in cleavage at the A0-site and E-site during 18S rRNA processing. In conclusion, Dnttip2 is essential for 18S rRNA processing and digestive organ development in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Cui
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ni Zeng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baochun Su
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yayue Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Shuyi Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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3
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Blake MJ, Steer CJ. Chimeric Livers: Interspecies Blastocyst Complementation and Xenotransplantation for End-Stage Liver Disease. Hepat Med 2024; 16:11-29. [PMID: 38379783 PMCID: PMC10878318 DOI: 10.2147/hmer.s440697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) currently serves as the sole definitive treatment for thousands of patients suffering from end-stage liver disease; and the existing supply of donor livers for OLT is drastically outpaced by the increasing demand. To alleviate this significant gap in treatment, several experimental approaches have been devised with the aim of either offering interim support to patients waiting on the transplant list or bioengineering complete livers for OLT by infusing them with fresh hepatic cells. Recently, interspecies blastocyst complementation has emerged as a promising method for generating complete organs in utero over a short timeframe. When coupled with gene editing technology, it has brought about a potentially revolutionary transformation in regenerative medicine. Blastocyst complementation harbors notable potential for generating complete human livers in large animals, which could be used for xenotransplantation in humans, addressing the scarcity of livers for OLT. Nevertheless, substantial experimental and ethical challenges still need to be overcome to produce human livers in larger domestic animals like pigs. This review compiles the current understanding of interspecies blastocyst complementation and outlines future possibilities for liver xenotransplantation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn J Blake
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Clifford J Steer
- Departments of Medicine, and Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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4
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Yu H, Shi H, Tao B, He Y, Chen J, Peng J, Gan M, Lo LJ. Stability and function of RCL1 are dependent on the interaction with BMS1. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad046. [PMID: 37451810 PMCID: PMC11023236 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
During ribosome biogenesis, the small subunit (SSU) processome is responsible for 40S assembly. The BMS1/RCL1 complex is a core component of the SSU processome that plays an important role in 18S rRNA processing and maturation. Genetic studies using zebrafish mutants indicate that both Bms1-like (Bms1l) and Rcl1 are essential for digestive organ development. In spite of vital functions of this complex, the mutual dependence of these two nucleolar proteins for the stability and function remains elusive. In this study, we identified an RCL1-interacting domain in BMS1, which is conserved in zebrafish and humans. Moreover, both the protein stability and nucleolar entry of RCL1 depend on its interaction with BMS1, otherwise RCL1 degraded through the ubiquitination-proteasome pathway. Functional studies revealed that overexpression of RCL1 in BMS1-knockdown cells can partially rescue the defects in 18S rRNA processing and cell proliferation, and hepatocyte-specific overexpression of Rcl1 can resume zebrafish liver development in the bms1l substitution mutant bms1lsq163/sq163but not in the knockout mutant bms1lzju1/zju1, which is attributed to the nucleolar entry of Rcl1 in the former mutant. Our data demonstrate that BMS1 and RCL1 interaction is essential for not only pre-rRNA processing but also the communication between ribosome biogenesis and cell cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Pathology Department of Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Boxiang Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yinan He
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meifu Gan
- Pathology Department of Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Taizhou 317000, China
| | - Li Jan Lo
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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5
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Jin Q, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zheng J, Chen J, Gao C, Peng J. Hhex and Prox1a synergistically dictate the hepatoblast to hepatocyte differentiation in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 686:149182. [PMID: 37922575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The specification of endoderm cells to prospective hepatoblasts is the starting point for hepatogenesis. However, how a prospective hepatoblast gains the hepatic fate remains elusive. Previous studies have shown that loss-of-function of either hhex or prox1a alone causes a small liver phenotype but without abolishing the hepatocyte differentiation, suggesting that absence of either Hhex or Prox1a alone is not sufficient to block the hepatoblast differentiation. Here, via genetic studies of the zebrafish two single (hhex-/- and prox1a-/-) and one double (hhex-/-prox1a-/-) mutants, we show that simultaneous loss-of-function of the hhex and prox1a two genes does not block the endoderm cells to gain the hepatoblast potency but abolishes the hepatic differentiation from the prospective hepatoblast. Consequently, the hhex-/-prox1a-/- double mutant displays a liverless phenotype that cannot be rescued by the injection of bmp2a mRNA. Taken together, we provide strong evidences showing that Hhex teams with Prox1a to act as a master control of the differentiation of the prospective hepatoblasts towards hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Jin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yuqing Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Ce Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China.
| | - Jinrong Peng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China.
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6
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Xie A, Ma Z, Wang J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Yang C, Chen J, Peng J. Upf3a but not Upf1 mediates the genetic compensation response induced by leg1 deleterious mutations in an H3K4me3-independent manner. Cell Discov 2023; 9:63. [PMID: 37369707 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic compensation responses (GCRs) can be induced by deleterious mutations in living organisms in order to maintain genetic robustness. One type of GCRs, homology-dependent GCR (HDGCR), involves transcriptional activation of one or more homologous genes related to the mutated gene. In zebrafish, ~80% of the genetic mutants produced by gene editing technology failed to show obvious phenotypes. The HDGCR has been proposed to be one of the main reasons for this phenomenon. It is triggered by mutant mRNA bearing a premature termination codon and has been suggested to depend on components of both the nonsense mRNA-mediated degradation (NMD) pathway and the complex of proteins associated with Set1 (COMPASS). However, exactly which specific NMD factor is required for HDGCR remains disputed. Here, zebrafish leg1 deleterious mutants are adopted as a model to distinguish the role of the NMD factors Upf1 and Upf3a in HDGCR. Four single mutant lines and three double mutant lines were produced. The RNA-seq data from 71 samples and the ULI-NChIP-seq data from 8 samples were then analyzed to study the HDGCR in leg1 mutants. Our results provide strong evidence that Upf3a, but not Upf1, is essential for the HDGCR induced by nonsense mutations in leg1 genes where H3K4me3 enrichment appears not to be a prerequisite. We also show that Upf3a is responsible for correcting the expression of hundreds of genes that would otherwise be dysregulated in the leg1 deleterious mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixuan Xie
- 1MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhipeng Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jinyang Wang
- 1MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yayue Chen
- 1MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chun Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jinrong Peng
- 1MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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7
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Jackson JT, Nutt SL, McCormack MP. The Haematopoietically-expressed homeobox transcription factor: roles in development, physiology and disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197490. [PMID: 37398663 PMCID: PMC10313424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Haematopoietically expressed homeobox transcription factor (Hhex) is a transcriptional repressor that is of fundamental importance across species, as evident by its evolutionary conservation spanning fish, amphibians, birds, mice and humans. Indeed, Hhex maintains its vital functions throughout the lifespan of the organism, beginning in the oocyte, through fundamental stages of embryogenesis in the foregut endoderm. The endodermal development driven by Hhex gives rise to endocrine organs such as the pancreas in a process which is likely linked to its role as a risk factor in diabetes and pancreatic disorders. Hhex is also required for the normal development of the bile duct and liver, the latter also importantly being the initial site of haematopoiesis. These haematopoietic origins are governed by Hhex, leading to its crucial later roles in definitive haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal, lymphopoiesis and haematological malignancy. Hhex is also necessary for the developing forebrain and thyroid gland, with this reliance on Hhex evident in its role in endocrine disorders later in life including a potential role in Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the roles of Hhex in embryological development throughout evolution appear to be linked to its later roles in a variety of disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Jackson
- Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen L. Nutt
- Immunology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew P. McCormack
- The Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- iCamuno Biotherapeutics, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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8
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Park J, An G, Park H, Hong T, Lim W, Song G. Developmental defects induced by thiabendazole are mediated via apoptosis, oxidative stress and alteration in PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 176:107973. [PMID: 37196567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thiabendazole, a benzimidazole fungicide, is widely used to prevent yield loss in agricultural land by inhibiting plant diseases derived from fungi. As thiabendazole has a stable benzimidazole ring structure, it remains in the environment for an extended period, and its toxic effects on non-target organisms have been reported, indicating the possibility that it could threaten public health. However, little research has been conducted to elucidate the comprehensive mechanisms of its developmental toxicity. Therefore, we used zebrafish, a representative toxicological model that can predict toxicity in aquatic organisms and mammals, to demonstrate the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole. Various morphological malformations were observed, including decreased body length, eye size, and increased heart and yolk sac edema. Apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammatory response were also triggered by thiabendazole exposure in zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways important for appropriate organogenesis were significantly changed by thiabendazole. These results led to toxicity in various organs and a reduction in the expression of related genes, including cardiovascular toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatic and pancreatic toxicity, which were detected in flk1:eGFP, olig2:dsRED, and L-fabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP transgenic zebrafish models, respectively. Overall, this study partly determined the developmental toxicity of thiabendazole in zebrafish and provided evidence of the environmental hazards of this fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Garam An
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Sun S, Li X, Zhang L, Zhong Z, Chen C, Zuo Y, Chen Y, Hu H, Liu F, Xiong G, Lu H, Chen J, Dai J. Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) disturbs embryonic liver and biliary system development in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160087. [PMID: 36372181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA), a novel alternative to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), has emerged as a potential environmental pollutant. Here, to investigate the toxic effects of HFPO-TA on liver and biliary system development, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/L HFPO-TA from 6 to 120 h post-fertilization (hpf). Results showed that the 50 % lethal concentration (LC50) of HFPO-TA was 231 mg/L at 120 hpf, lower than that of PFOA. HFPO-TA exposure decreased embryonic hatching, survival, and body length. Furthermore, HFPO-TA exerted higher toxicity at the specification stage than during the differentiation and maturation stages, leading to small-sized livers in Tg(fabp10a: DsRed) transgenic larvae and histopathological changes. Significant decreases in the mRNA expression of genes related to liver formation were observed. Alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL) levels were significantly increased. HFPO-TA decreased total cholesterol (TCHO) and triglyceride (TG) activities, disturbed lipid metabolism through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway, and induced an inflammatory response. Furthermore, HFPO-TA inhibited intrahepatic biliary development in Tg(Tp1:eGFP) transgenic larvae and interfered with transcription of genes associated with biliary duct development. HFPO-TA reduced bile acid synthesis but increased bile acid transport, resulting in disruption of bile acid metabolism. Therefore, HFPO-TA influenced embryonic liver and biliary system morphogenesis, caused liver injury, and may be an unsafe alternative for PFOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujie Sun
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Xue Li
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Zilin Zhong
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Yuhua Zuo
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guanghua Xiong
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China.
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10
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Jin Q, Gao Y, Shuai S, Chen Y, Wang K, Chen J, Peng J, Gao C. Cdx1b protects intestinal cell fate by repressing signaling networks for liver specification. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:1101-1113. [PMID: 36460297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, the expression of the homeobox family member Cdx2/CDX2 is restricted within the intestine. Conditional ablation of the mouse Cdx2 in the endodermal cells causes a homeotic transformation of the intestine towards the esophagus or gastric fate. In this report, we show that null mutants of zebrafish cdx1b, encoding the counterpart of mammalian CDX2, could survive more than 10 days post fertilization, a stage when the zebrafish digestive system has been well developed. Through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the dissected intestine from the mutant embryos, we demonstrate that the loss-of-function of the zebrafish cdx1b yields hepatocyte-like intestinal cells, a phenotype never observed in the mouse model. Further RNA-seq data analysis, and genetic double mutants and signaling inhibitor studies reveal that Cdx1b functions to guard the intestinal fate by repressing, directly or indirectly, a range of transcriptional factors and signaling pathways for liver specification. Finally, we demonstrate that heat shock-induced overexpression of cdx1b in a transgenic fish abolishes the liver formation. Therefore, we demonstrate that Cdx1b is a key repressor of hepatic fate during the intestine specification in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Jin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Shimin Shuai
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yayue Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Kaiyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Ce Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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11
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Li YF, Cheng T, Zhang YJ, Fu XX, Mo J, Zhao GQ, Xue MG, Zhuo DH, Xing YY, Huang Y, Sun XZ, Wang D, Liu X, Dong Y, Zhu XS, He F, Ma J, Chen D, Jin X, Xu PF. Mycn regulates intestinal development through ribosomal biogenesis in a zebrafish model of Feingold syndrome 1. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001856. [PMID: 36318514 PMCID: PMC9624419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Feingold syndrome type 1, caused by loss-of-function of MYCN, is characterized by varied phenotypes including esophageal and duodenal atresia. However, no adequate model exists for studying the syndrome's pathological or molecular mechanisms, nor is there a treatment strategy. Here, we developed a zebrafish Feingold syndrome type 1 model with nonfunctional mycn, which had severe intestinal atresia. Single-cell RNA-seq identified a subcluster of intestinal cells that were highly sensitive to Mycn, and impaired cell proliferation decreased the overall number of intestinal cells in the mycn mutant fish. Bulk RNA-seq and metabolomic analysis showed that expression of ribosomal genes was down-regulated and that amino acid metabolism was abnormal. Northern blot and ribosomal profiling analysis showed abnormal rRNA processing and decreases in free 40S, 60S, and 80S ribosome particles, which led to impaired translation in the mutant. Besides, both Ribo-seq and western blot analysis showed that mTOR pathway was impaired in mycn mutant, and blocking mTOR pathway by rapamycin treatment can mimic the intestinal defect, and both L-leucine and Rheb, which can elevate translation via activating TOR pathway, could rescue the intestinal phenotype of mycn mutant. In summary, by this zebrafish Feingold syndrome type 1 model, we found that disturbance of ribosomal biogenesis and blockage of protein synthesis during development are primary causes of the intestinal defect in Feingold syndrome type 1. Importantly, our work suggests that leucine supplementation may be a feasible and easy treatment option for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Li
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhang
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Fu
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Mo
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guo-Qin Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mao-Guang Xue
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Hao Zhuo
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yi Xing
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Zhi Sun
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Zhu
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng He
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XJ); (P-FX)
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XJ); (P-FX)
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12
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Gao Y, Jin Q, Gao C, Chen Y, Sun Z, Guo G, Peng J. Unraveling Differential Transcriptomes and Cell Types in Zebrafish Larvae Intestine and Liver. Cells 2022; 11:3290. [PMID: 36291156 PMCID: PMC9600436 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish intestine and liver, as in other vertebrates, are derived from the endoderm. Great effort has been devoted to deciphering the molecular mechanisms controlling the specification and development of the zebrafish intestine and liver; however, genome-wide comparison of the transcriptomes between these two organs at the larval stage remains unexplored. There is a lack of extensive identification of feature genes marking specific cell types in the zebrafish intestine and liver at 5 days post-fertilization, when the larval fish starts food intake. In this report, through RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing of intestines and livers separately dissected from wild-type zebrafish larvae at 5 days post-fertilization, together with the experimental validation of 47 genes through RNA whole-mount in situ hybridization, we identified not only distinctive transcriptomes for the larval intestine and liver, but also a considerable number of feature genes for marking the intestinal bulb, mid-intestine and hindgut, and for marking hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. Meanwhile, we identified 135 intestine- and 97 liver-enriched transcription factor genes in zebrafish larvae at 5 days post-fertilization. Our findings provide rich molecular and cellular resources for studying cell patterning and specification during the early development of the zebrafish intestine and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingxia Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ce Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yayue Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guoji Guo
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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13
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Ercc2/Xpd deficiency results in failure of digestive organ growth in zebrafish with elevated nucleolar stress. iScience 2022; 25:104957. [PMID: 36065184 PMCID: PMC9440294 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in ERCC2/XPD helicase, an important component of the TFIIH complex, cause distinct human genetic disorders which exhibit various pathological features. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying many symptoms remain elusive. Here, we have shown that Ercc2/Xpd deficiency in zebrafish resulted in hypoplastic digestive organs with normal bud initiation but later failed to grow. The proliferation of intestinal endothelial cells was impaired in ercc2/xpd mutants, and mitochondrial abnormalities, autophagy, and inflammation were highly induced. Further studies revealed that these abnormalities were associated with the perturbation of rRNA synthesis and nucleolar stress in a p53-independent manner. As TFIIH has only been implicated in RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription in vitro, our results provide the first evidence for the connection between Ercc2/Xpd and rRNA synthesis in an animal model that recapitulates certain key characteristics of ERCC2/XPD-related human genetic disorders, and will greatly advance our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these diseases. Ercc2/Xpd deficiency results in failure of digestive organ growth in zebrafish Ercc2/Xpd-deficient intestinal endothelial cells exhibit impaired proliferation Mitochondrial abnormalities, autophagy, and inflammation are highly induced rRNA synthesis perturbation leads to nucleolar stress in a p53-independent manner
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14
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Tel2 regulates redifferentiation of bipotential progenitor cells via Hhex during zebrafish liver regeneration. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110596. [PMID: 35385752 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon extensive hepatocyte loss or impaired hepatocyte proliferation, liver regeneration occurs via biliary epithelial cell (BEC) transdifferentiation, which includes dedifferentiation of BECs into bipotential progenitor cells (BP-PCs) and then redifferentiation of BP-PCs to nascent hepatocytes and BECs. This BEC-driven liver regeneration involves reactivation of hepatoblast markers, but the underpinning mechanisms and their effects on liver regeneration remain largely unknown. Using a zebrafish extensive hepatocyte ablation model, we perform an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) forward genetic screen and identify a liver regeneration mutant, liver logan (lvl), in which the telomere maintenance 2 (tel2) gene is mutated. During liver regeneration, the tel2 mutation specifically inhibits transcriptional activation of a hepatoblast marker, hematopoietically expressed homeobox (hhex), in BEC-derived cells, which blocks BP-PC redifferentiation. Mechanistic studies show that Tel2 associates with the hhex promoter region and promotes hhex transcription. Our results reveal roles of Tel2 in the BP-PC redifferentiation process of liver regeneration by activating hhex.
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15
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Zhu Q, Tao B, Chen H, Shi H, Huang L, Chen J, Hu M, Lo LJ, Peng J. Rcl1 depletion impairs 18S pre-rRNA processing at the A1-site and up-regulates a cohort of ribosome biogenesis genes in zebrafish. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:5743-5759. [PMID: 34019640 PMCID: PMC8191805 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast Rcl1 is a potential endonuclease that mediates pre-RNA cleavage at the A2-site to separate 18S rRNA from 5.8S and 25S rRNAs. However, the biological function of Rcl1 in opisthokonta is poorly defined. Moreover, there is no information regarding the exact positions of 18S pre-rRNA processing in zebrafish. Here, we report that zebrafish pre-rRNA harbours three major cleavage sites in the 5′ETS, namely –477nt (A′-site), –97nt (A0-site) and the 5′ETS and 18S rRNA link (A1-site), as well as two major cleavage regions within the ITS1, namely 208–218nt (site 2) and 20–33nt (site E). We also demonstrate that depletion of zebrafish Rcl1 mainly impairs cleavage at the A1-site. Phenotypically, rcl1–/– mutants exhibit a small liver and exocrine pancreas and die before 15 days post-fertilization. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the most significant event in rcl1–/– mutants is the up-regulated expression of a cohort of genes related to ribosome biogenesis and tRNA production. Our data demonstrate that Rcl1 is essential for 18S rRNA maturation at the A1-site and for digestive organogenesis in zebrafish. Rcl1 deficiency, similar to deficiencies in other ribosome biogenesis factors, might trigger a common mechanism to upregulate the expression of genes responsible for ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, China
| | - Boxiang Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, China
| | - Hong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, China
| | - Hui Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, China
| | - Ling Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Minjie Hu
- Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Li Jan Lo
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, China
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16
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Ghaffari K, Pierce LX, Roufaeil M, Gibson I, Tae K, Sahoo S, Cantrell JR, Andersson O, Lau J, Sakaguchi TF. NCK-associated protein 1 like (nckap1l) minor splice variant regulates intrahepatic biliary network morphogenesis. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009402. [PMID: 33739979 PMCID: PMC8032155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired formation of the intrahepatic biliary network leads to cholestatic liver diseases, which are frequently associated with autoimmune disorders. Using a chemical mutagenesis strategy in zebrafish combined with computational network analysis, we screened for novel genes involved in intrahepatic biliary network formation. We positionally cloned a mutation in the nckap1l gene, which encodes a cytoplasmic adaptor protein for the WAVE regulatory complex. The mutation is located in the last exon after the stop codon of the primary splice isoform, only disrupting a previously unannotated minor splice isoform, which indicates that the minor splice isoform is responsible for the intrahepatic biliary network phenotype. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated nckap1l deletion, which disrupts both the primary and minor isoforms, showed the same defects. In the liver of nckap1l mutant larvae, WAVE regulatory complex component proteins are degraded specifically in biliary epithelial cells, which line the intrahepatic biliary network, thus disrupting the actin organization of these cells. We further show that nckap1l genetically interacts with the Cdk5 pathway in biliary epithelial cells. These data together indicate that although nckap1l was previously considered to be a hematopoietic cell lineage-specific protein, its minor splice isoform acts in biliary epithelial cells to regulate intrahepatic biliary network formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Ghaffari
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lain X. Pierce
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Maria Roufaeil
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Isabel Gibson
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kevin Tae
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Saswat Sahoo
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - James R. Cantrell
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Olov Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmine Lau
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Takuya F. Sakaguchi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Gao C, Peng J. All routes lead to Rome: multifaceted origin of hepatocytes during liver regeneration. CELL REGENERATION 2021; 10:2. [PMID: 33403526 PMCID: PMC7785766 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liver is the largest internal organ that serves as the key site for various metabolic activities and maintenance of homeostasis. Liver diseases are great threats to human health. The capability of liver to regain its mass after partial hepatectomy has widely been applied in treating liver diseases either by removing the damaged part of a diseased liver in a patient or transplanting a part of healthy liver into a patient. Vast efforts have been made to study the biology of liver regeneration in different liver-damage models. Regarding the sources of hepatocytes during liver regeneration, convincing evidences have demonstrated that different liver-damage models mobilized different subtype hepatocytes in contributing to liver regeneration. Under extreme hepatocyte ablation, biliary epithelial cells can undergo dedifferentiation to liver progenitor cells (LPCs) and then LPCs differentiate to produce hepatocytes. Here we will focus on summarizing the progresses made in identifying cell types contributing to producing new hepatocytes during liver regeneration in mice and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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18
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Aravalli RN. Generating liver using blastocyst complementation: Opportunities and challenges. Xenotransplantation 2020; 28:e12668. [PMID: 33372360 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is the only definitive treatment option for many patients with end-stage liver disease. Current supply of donor livers for OLT is not keeping up with the growing demand. To overcome this problem, a number of experimental strategies have been developed either to provide a bridge to transplant for patients on the waiting list or to bioengineer whole livers for OLT by replenishing them with fresh supplies of hepatic cells. In recent years, blastocyst complementation has emerged as the most promising approach for generating whole organs and, in combination with gene editing technology, it has revolutionized regenerative medicine. This methodology was successful in producing xenogeneic organs in animal hosts. Blastocyst complementation has the potential to produce whole livers in large animals that could be xenotransplanted in humans, thereby reducing the shortage of livers for OLT. However, significant experimental and ethical barriers remain for the production of human livers in domestic animals, such as the pig. This review summarizes the current knowledge and provides future perspectives for liver xenotransplantation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajagopal N Aravalli
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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19
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Brandt ZJ, Echert AE, Bostrom JR, North PN, Link BA. Core Hippo pathway components act as a brake on Yap and Taz in the development and maintenance of the biliary network. Development 2020; 147:dev184242. [PMID: 32439761 PMCID: PMC7328147 DOI: 10.1242/dev.184242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of the biliary system is a complex yet poorly understood process, with relevance to multiple diseases, including biliary atresia, choledochal cysts and gallbladder agenesis. We present here a crucial role for Hippo-Yap/Taz signaling in this context. Analysis of sav1 mutant zebrafish revealed dysplastic morphology and expansion of both intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary cells, and ultimately larval lethality. Biliary dysgenesis, but not larval lethality, is driven primarily by Yap signaling. Re-expression of Sav1 protein in sav1-/- hepatocytes is able to overcome these initial deficits and allows sav1-/- fish to survive, suggesting cell non-autonomous signaling from hepatocytes. Examination of sav1-/- rescued adults reveals loss of gallbladder and formation of dysplastic cell masses expressing biliary markers, suggesting roles for Hippo signaling in extrahepatic biliary carcinomas. Deletion of stk3 revealed that the phenotypes observed in sav1 mutant fish function primarily through canonical Hippo signaling and supports a role for phosphatase PP2A, but also suggests Sav1 has functions in addition to facilitating Stk3 activity. Overall, this study defines a role for Hippo-Yap signaling in the maintenance of both intra- and extrahepatic biliary ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Brandt
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ashley E Echert
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jonathan R Bostrom
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
| | - Paula N North
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
| | - Brian A Link
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI 53226, USA
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20
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Huang W, Chen F, Ma Q, Xin J, Li J, Chen J, Zhou B, Chen M, Li J, Peng J. Ribosome biogenesis gene DEF/UTP25 is essential for liver homeostasis and regeneration. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1651-1664. [PMID: 32303961 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocytes are responsible for diverse metabolic activities in a liver. Proper ribosome biogenesis is essential to sustain the function of hepatocytes. There are approximately 200 factors involved in ribosome biogenesis; however, few studies have focused on the role of these factors in maintaining liver homeostasis. The digestive organ expansion factor (def) gene encodes a nucleolar protein Def that participates in ribosome biogenesis. In addition, Def forms a complex with cysteine protease Calpain3 (Capn3) and recruits Capn3 to the nucleolus to cleave protein targets. However, the function of Def has not been characterized in the mammalian digestive organs. In this report, we show that conditional knockout of the mouse def gene in hepatocytes causes cell morphology abnormality and constant infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver. As age increases, the def conditional knockout liver displays multiple tissue damage foci and biliary hyperplasia. Moreover, partial hepatectomy leads to sudden acute death to the def conditional knockout mice and this phenotype is rescued by intragastric injection of the anti-inflammation drug dexamethasone one day before hepatectomy. Our results demonstrate that Def is essential for maintaining the liver homeostasis and liver regeneration capacity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Feng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Quanxin Ma
- Academy of Chinese Medicine/Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Minli Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medicine/Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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21
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Dong G, Zhang Z, Duan K, Shi W, Huang R, Wang B, Luo L, Zhang Y, Ruan H, Huang H. Beclin 1 deficiency causes hepatic cell apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress in zebrafish larvae. FEBS Lett 2019; 594:1155-1165. [PMID: 31823348 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Beclin 1/Atg6 is an essential autophagy gene, and deficiency of this gene in organisms leads to impaired autophagic flux, usually with cell apoptosis; however, the causative mechanism of cell apoptosis is not clear. Here, we knocked out the beclin 1 gene in zebrafish and found that autophagic flux is disrupted in mutants. Beclin 1-deficient zebrafish live through embryogenesis but die at larval stage. We found accumulated protein aggregates and vigorous apoptosis in mutant larvae, predominantly in the liver. The hepatic cell apoptosis in mutants results from an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response; however, it is not the leading cause of mutant larval lethality. Our work proposes that ER stress induces cell apoptosis in Beclin 1-deficient organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Dong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenpeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bangjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaoguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Honghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environments and Bio-Resources of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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22
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A morphogenetic EphB/EphrinB code controls hepatopancreatic duct formation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5220. [PMID: 31745086 PMCID: PMC6864101 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatopancreatic ductal (HPD) system connects the intrahepatic and intrapancreatic ducts to the intestine and ensures the afferent transport of the bile and pancreatic enzymes. Yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling their differentiation and morphogenesis into a functional ductal system are poorly understood. Here, we characterize HPD system morphogenesis by high-resolution microscopy in zebrafish. The HPD system differentiates from a rod of unpolarized cells into mature ducts by de novo lumen formation in a dynamic multi-step process. The remodeling step from multiple nascent lumina into a single lumen requires active cell intercalation and myosin contractility. We identify key functions for EphB/EphrinB signaling in this dynamic remodeling step. Two EphrinB ligands, EphrinB1 and EphrinB2a, and two EphB receptors, EphB3b and EphB4a, control HPD morphogenesis by remodeling individual ductal compartments, and thereby coordinate the morphogenesis of this multi-compartment ductal system.
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23
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Gao C, Peng J. A glimpse of endocrine pancreas development from single-cell analyses. J Mol Cell Biol 2019; 11:433-434. [PMID: 30500955 PMCID: PMC6604600 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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