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Booth W. Population genetics as a tool to understand invasion dynamics and insecticide resistance in indoor urban pest insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 62:101166. [PMID: 38253200 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Many indoor urban pest insects now show a near-global distribution. The reasons for this may be linked to their cryptic behaviors, which make unintentional transport likely, tied to their reliance on human-mediated dispersal that can result in spread over potentially long-distances. Additionally, numerous species exhibit an array of mechanisms that confer insecticide resistance. Using population genetics, it is possible to elucidate the genetic characteristics that define globally successful indoor urban pest insect species. Furthermore, this approach may be used to determine the frequency and distribution of insecticide resistance. Here, I review the recent literature that utilizes population genetic analyses in an effort to identify the characteristics that help explain the success of indoor urban pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren Booth
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1015 Life Science Circle, 215C Steger Hall, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Abbasi E, Daliri S, Yazdani Z, Mohseni S, Mohammadyan G, Seyed Hosseini SN, Haghighi RN. Evaluation of resistance of human head lice to pyrethroid insecticides: A meta-analysis study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17219. [PMID: 37408932 PMCID: PMC10319209 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pediculosis is one of the most common annoying infections caused by parasitic lice in humans. Pyrethroids are one of the main insecticides used to treat this infection. But recently, due to the Resistance of lice to this group of insecticides, its insecticidal effects have been affected. The present study was conducted through a meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence of pyrethroid resistance against these insecticides worldwide. Methods This study was conducted as a meta-analysis of the prevalence of treatment resistance in human head lice against pyrethroid insecticides worldwide. Based on this, all articles published without a time limit until the end of June 2022 in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were extracted and using random-effects meta-analysis model statistical methods in the meta-analysis, Cochrane, Index I2, and funnel plot were analyzed by STATA software. Results Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis process. According to this, the prevalence of pyrethroid resistance insecticides in human head lice was estimated at 59% (CI95%: 50%-68%). Among pyrethroid insecticides, the highest prevalence of pyrethroid resistance against permethrin insecticide was 65%. Regarding the prevalence of Resistance by year, the prevalence before 2004 was estimated at 33%, but after 2015, this rate reached 82%. Also, the majority of pyrethroid resistance was estimated at 68% using genetic diagnosis methods and 43% using clinical diagnosis methods. Conclusion More than half of human head lice pyrethroid resistance insecticides. Based on this, it is recommended that before using this treatment method to treat human head lice Infestation, it should investigate the prevalence of pyrethroid resistance in that area, and if the majority of Resistance is high, alternative or combined treatment methods should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Abbasi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Dept. of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Salman Daliri
- Research Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Zahra Yazdani
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shokrollah Mohseni
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghulamraza Mohammadyan
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Ponce-Garcia G, Villanueva-Segura OK, Garza-Elizondo K, Villegas-Ramirez HM, Fernandez-Salas I, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Dzul-Manzanilla F, Flores-Suarez AE. Determination of Knockdown Resistance (kdr) Allele Frequencies (T929I mutation) in Head Louse Populations from Mexico, Canada, and Peru. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2022; 60:217-221. [PMID: 35772742 PMCID: PMC9256284 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2022.60.3.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The head louse Pediculus humanus capitis (De Geer) is a hematophagous ectoparasite that inhabits the human scalp. The infestations are asymptomatic; however, skin irritation from scratching occasionally may cause secondary bacterial infections. The present study determined the presence and frequency of the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation T929I in 245 head lice collected from Mexico, Peru, and Canada. Head lice were collected manually using a comb in the private head lice control clinic. Allele mutation at T9291 was present in 100% of the total sampled populations (245 lice) examined. In addition, 4.89% of the lice were homozygous susceptible, whereas 6.93% heterozygous and 88.16% homozygous were resistant, respectively. This represents the second report in Mexico and Quebec and fist in Lima.
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Dzul-Rosado K, Maldonado-Borges JI, Puerto-Manzano FI, Lammoglia-Villagómez MA, Becker I, Sánchez-Montes S. First exploratory study of bacterial pathogens and endosymbionts in head lice from a Mayan community in southern Mexico. Zoonoses Public Health 2022; 69:729-736. [PMID: 35726500 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lice represent one of the most neglected group of vectors worldwide, particularly in Latin America. Records of bacterial agents related to head lice are non-existent in this region of the continent. Many of these communities often do not have adequate access to public services and/or health protection. The normalization of this condition prevents them from manifesting discomfort, such as bites and itching, which further aggravates the situation, as they can be vectors of important diseases. For this reason, the aim of this work was to identify the richness of bacterial pathogens (Acinetobacter, Bartonella, and Rickettsia) and endosymbionts (Wolbachia) in head lice of paediatric patients from the indigenous municipality of Hoctun, Yucatan, Mexico. DNA extraction was performed using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit. For the detection of bacterial pathogens, fragments of the gltA, rpoB, and 16S rDNA genes were amplified. For the detection of Wolbachia, the wsp gene was amplified. Of the 28 lice analysed, the presence of two genera of bacterial pathogens was detected Acinetobacter (42.9% = 12/28) and Bartonella (7.14% = 2/28). We also detected the endosymbiont Wolbachia (71.42% = 20/28). Our results showed that DNA from three bacteria species (Acinetobacter baumannii, Bartonella quintana, and Wolbachia pipientis) was present with frequencies ranging from 3.57% to 71.42%. This work represents the first exploratory study of the diversity of agents associated with head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) in Mexico and Latin America. Due to the findings generated in the present study, it is important to perform surveillance of head lice populations to identify the degree of spread of these pathogens and their impact on populations in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dzul-Rosado
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | | | - Fernando I Puerto-Manzano
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | | | - Ingeborg Becker
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sokani Sánchez-Montes
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, región Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico.,Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Mohammadi J, Azizi K, Alipour H, Kalantari M, Bagheri M, Shahriari-Namadi M, Ebrahimi S, Moemenbellah-Fard MD. Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in human head louse treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasite 2021; 28:86. [PMID: 34935614 PMCID: PMC8693761 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2021083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are one of the most common insects causing infestations in humans worldwide, and infestation is associated with adverse socio-economic and public health effects. The development of genetic insensitivity (e.g., target site insensitivity = knockdown resistance or kdr) to topical insecticides has impaired effective treatment. Therefore, this study was undertaken to review and meta-analyze the frequency of pyrethroid resistance in treated head louse populations from the beginning of 2000 to the end of June 2021 worldwide. In order to accomplish this, all English language articles published over this period were extracted and reviewed. Statistical analyses of data were performed using fixed and random effect model tests in meta-analysis, Cochrane, meta-regression and I2 index. A total of 24 articles from an initial sample size of 5033 were accepted into this systematic review. The mean frequency of pyrethroid resistance was estimated to be 76.9%. In collected resistant lice, 64.4% were homozygote and 30.3% were heterozygote resistant. Globally, four countries (Australia, England, Israel, and Turkey) have 100% kdr gene frequencies, likely resulting in the ineffectiveness of pyrethrin- and pyrethroid-based pediculicides. The highest resistance recorded in these studies was against permethrin. This study shows that pyrethroid resistance is found at relatively high frequencies in many countries. As a result, treatment with current insecticides may not be effective and is likely the cause of increased levels of infestations. It is recommended that resistance status be evaluated prior to insecticide treatment, to increase efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Mohammadi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
| | - Kourosh Azizi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
| | - Hamzeh Alipour
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
| | - Mohsen Kalantari
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
| | - Masoumeh Bagheri
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
| | - Marzieh Shahriari-Namadi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
| | | | - Mohammad D. Moemenbellah-Fard
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 71645 Shiraz Iran
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Ghahvechi Khaligh F, Djadid ND, Farmani M, Asadi Saatlou Z, Frooziyan S, Abedi Astaneh F, Farnoosh F, Sofizadeh A, Naseri F, Adib D, Taheri M, Lalehzari E, Pashaei S, Soltanbeiglou S, Soltani A, Khooban H, Abbasi E, Aivazi AA, Saeedi S, Taghilou B, Jafari A, Dashti Khavidak K, Toloza AC, Gholizadeh S. Molecular Monitoring of Knockdown Resistance in Head Louse (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) Populations in Iran. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:2321-2329. [PMID: 34106252 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Knockdown resistance (kdr) is a common mechanism of insecticide resistance in head lice to the conventionally used pyrethroid pediculosis and can be the result of various amino acid substitutions within the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC). In this study, 54 sequences from varied specimens were investigated to monitor well-known resistance mutations and probable new mutations. The Pediculus humanus capitis de Geer specimens were collected from 13 provinces in Iran. The specimens were stored in 70% ethanol until DNA extraction and PCR amplification of ~900-bp fragment of VSSC. The sequences were analyzed using different bioinformatics software for the detection of well-known kdr substitutions and additional mutations potentially associated with kdr resistance in head lice. There were six new and an old (haplotype I) kdr haplotypes within the Iranian head louse population. K794E, F815I, and N818D amino acid substitutions were reported for the first time. The P813H mutation was the most prevalent amino acid substitution in eight provinces. Among 53 sequences, 26 (49%) were homozygous susceptible, and 27 (51%) were heterozygotes. Thus, 51% of the head lice collected in Iran harbored only the P813H allele. The exact test for the Hardy-Weinberg (H-W) equilibrium showed that genotype frequencies differed significantly from the expectation in East-Azerbaijan and Tehran provinces. Moreover, these populations had an inbreeding coefficient (Fis) <0, indicating the excess of heterozygotes. This observation suggests that the populations of head lice from Iran are currently under active selective pressure. For the rest of the populations, H-W equilibrium and the expectations were significantly in harmony. The results of the current study highlight molecular techniques in the accurate detection of resistance genotypes before their establishment within the head louse population. Accurate detection of resistant genotypes seems to be helpful in decision-making on lice control programs and resistance monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Ghahvechi Khaligh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Navid Dinparast Djadid
- Malaria and Vector Research Group, National Insectarium, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Farmani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Asadi Saatlou
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Samira Frooziyan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abedi Astaneh
- Department of Communicable Disease, Deputy of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Fariba Farnoosh
- Deputy of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aioub Sofizadeh
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Naseri
- Medical Parasitology Department, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Delnia Adib
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Emran Lalehzari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shabnam Pashaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadiyeh Soltanbeiglou
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Aboozar Soltani
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Medical Entomology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Khooban
- Department of Communicable Disease, Deputy of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Abbasi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali-Ashraf Aivazi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Samrand Saeedi
- Department of Communicable Disease, Deputy of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Behrooz Taghilou
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Kamal Dashti Khavidak
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ariel C Toloza
- Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (CIPEIN-UNIDEF-WHO). Juan Bautista de La Salle 4397. Villa Martelli. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Saber Gholizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute on Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Subahar R, Susanto L, Aidilla R, Aulia AP, Yulhasri Y, Winita R, Lubis NS, Sari IP. In vitro experiments of Pediculus humanus capitis ( Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) resistance to permethrin and 6-paradol in East Jakarta: Detoxification enzyme activity and electron microscopic changes in lice. Vet World 2021; 14:3065-3075. [PMID: 35017857 PMCID: PMC8743776 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.3065-3075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Pediculus humanus capitis, the human head louse, remains a global health problem. This study evaluated the resistance of head lice to permethrin and 6-paradol mediated by in vitro detoxification enzyme activity experiments and to describe physical changes in the lice using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: The adult stages of P. h. capitis were collected from patients exposed to 1% permethrin and three different concentrations of 6-paradol (0.00005%, 0.0001%, and 0.00015%) using a filter paper diffusion bioassay. Healthy P. h. capitis adults served as the control. The in vitro bioassays were conducted after 10, 20, 30, and 60 min of exposure. The activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and oxidase were analyzed. Physical changes in the lice were analyzed using SEM. Results: Permethrin and 6-paradol exhibited low toxicity against the lice. At 60 min, 1% permethrin had killed 36.7% of the lice present, while 6-paradol had killed 66.7-86.7%. Permethrin induced significantly elevated AChE, GST, and oxidase activity; 6-paradol also caused significantly elevated AChE, GST, and oxidase activity. Permethrin did not cause any ultrastructural morphological changes on the lice, while 6-paradol severely damaged the head, thorax, respiratory spiracles, and abdomen of the dead lice. Conclusion: This in vitro experimental of P. h. capitis is the first study to report P. h. capitis in East Jakarta shows complete resistance to permethrin and 6-paradol, and to describe the associated increase in AChE, GST, and oxidase activity. It was observed that 6-paradol severely damaged the head, thorax, respiratory spiracles, and abdomen of the dead lice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizal Subahar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Lisawati Susanto
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Rachmanin Aidilla
- Medical Doctor Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Putri Aulia
- Medical Doctor Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Yulhasri Yulhasri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jln. Salemba Raya 4, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Rawina Winita
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Nadar S Lubis
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Ika Puspa Sari
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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Sato E, Umezawa M, Miyajima A, Koishi N, Kanaya A, Yamanaka A, Fujimoto M, Ishii Y, Saito A, Inoue S, Mano Y, Suzuki T, Ozeki R, Ishii N, Komoda M. Efficacy and safety of a modified combination regimen of phenothrin and ivermectin lotion in patients with head lice in Tsukuba, Japan. JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cia2.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science Katsushika‐ku Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Department of Biopharmaceutics Meiji Pharmaceutical University Kiyose Japan
| | - Noriko Koishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
| | - Arisa Kanaya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
| | - Ayumi Yamanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba‐shi Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ishii
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba‐shi Japan
| | - Aki Saito
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba‐shi Japan
| | - Sae Inoue
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba‐shi Japan
| | - Yasunari Mano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
| | - Tatsunori Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
| | - Rie Ozeki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
| | | | - Masayo Komoda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Noda‐shi Japan
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Brownell N, Sunantaraporn S, Phadungsaksawasdi K, Seatamanoch N, Kongdachalert S, Phumee A, Siriyasatien P. Presence of the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in the head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) collected from primary school children of Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008955. [PMID: 33326440 PMCID: PMC7743942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human head lice are blood-sucking insects causing an infestation in humans called pediculosis capitis. The infestation is more prevalent in the school-aged population. Scalp itching, a common presenting symptom, results in scratching and sleep disturbance. The condition can lead to social stigmatization which can lead to loss of self-esteem. Currently, the mainstay of treatment for pediculosis is chemical insecticides such as permethrin. The extended use of permethrin worldwide leads to growing pediculicide resistance. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the presence of the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in head lice populations from six different localities of Thailand. A total of 260 head lice samples in this study were collected from 15 provinces in the 6 regions of Thailand. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the α subunit of voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) gene, kdr mutation (C→T substitution). Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns and sequencing were used to identify the kdr T917I mutation and demonstrated three genotypic forms including homozygous susceptible (SS), heterozygous genotype (RS), and homozygous resistant (RR). Of 260 samples from this study, 156 (60.00%) were SS, 58 (22.31%) were RS, and 46 (17.69%) were RR. The overall frequency of the kdr T917I mutation was 0.31. Genotypes frequencies determination using the exact test of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium found that northern, central, northeastern, southern, and western region of Thailand differed from expectation. The five aforementioned localities had positive inbreeding coefficient value (Fis > 0) which indicated an excess of homozygotes. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of RS and RR showed T917I and L920F point mutations. In conclusion, this is the first study detecting permethrin resistance among human head lice from Thailand. PCR-RFLP is an easy technique to demonstrate the kdr mutation in head louse. The data obtained from this study would increase awareness of increasing of the kdr mutation in head louse in Thailand. Head louse infestation is still a common health problem worldwide. Permethrin is the first line treatment of choice for pediculosis. However, the increase of recurrent cases and treatment failure of pediculosis raises public health concerns about the growing resistance of permethrin among head lice populations. Early determination of the permethrin resistance status is crucial in order to choose the pediculicide of choice appropriately. Our study demonstrated that the PCR-RFLP is a beneficial technique for knockdown resistance detection of T917I point mutation in head lice because it was inexpensive, accurate, and reproducible. Ultimately, our study emphasized that prompt investigation for permethrin resistance should be taken into account in the context of recurrent or treatment failure cases of pediculosis and the alternative chemical pediculicides based on different mechanism of action should be considered under those particular circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narisa Brownell
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Vector Biology and Vector borne Disease Research Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sakone Sunantaraporn
- Vector Biology and Vector borne Disease Research Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kobpat Phadungsaksawasdi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Vector Biology and Vector borne Disease Research Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nirin Seatamanoch
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Vector Biology and Vector borne Disease Research Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Switt Kongdachalert
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Vector Biology and Vector borne Disease Research Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Atchara Phumee
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Padet Siriyasatien
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Vector Biology and Vector borne Disease Research Unit, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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10
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Yao J, Wang Z, Guo L, Xu X, Liu L, Xu L, Song S, Xu C, Kuang H. Advances in immunoassays for organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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11
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Larkin K, Rodriguez CA, Jamani S, Fronza G, Roca-Acevedo G, Sanchez A, Toloza AC. First evidence of the mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in head lice (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) from Honduras. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:312. [PMID: 32546206 PMCID: PMC7298768 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis, is a cosmopolitan blood-sucking ectoparasite affecting mostly schoolchildren in both developed and developing countries. In Honduras, chemical pediculicides are the first line of treatment, with permethrin as their main active ingredient. Despite the extended use of these products, there is currently no research investigating insecticide resistance in Honduran head lice. In head lice, the most common mechanism is knockdown resistance (kdr), which is the result of two point mutations and the associated amino acid substitutions, T917I and L920F, within the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC). Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from 83 head lice collected in the localities of San Buenaventura and La Hicaca, Honduras. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a 332-bp fragment of the VSSC gene that contains a site affected by C/T mutation which results in a T917I amino acid substitution on each human head louse genomic DNA fragments. Results The C/T non-synonymous mutation which results in the T917I kdr amino acid substitution was detected in both head lice populations at frequencies ranging between 0.45–0.5. Globally, the frequency of this substitution was 0.47. Of these, 5 (6.1%) were homozygous susceptible and 78 (93.9%) were heterozygotes. The kdr-resistant homozygote (RR) was not detected in the studied populations. Thus, 93.9% of the head lice collected in Honduras harbored only one T917I allele. Exact test for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for both localities showed that genotype frequencies differed significantly from expectation. In addition, San Buenaventura and La Hicaca populations had an inbreeding coefficient (Fis) < 0, suggesting an excess of heterozygotes. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the presence of the C/T mutation responsible of the T917I kdr allele associated with pyrethroid resistance in P. h. capitis from Honduras. The PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) employed here has demonstrated to be a reliable, economic, and reproducible assay that can be used to accurately genotype individual head lice for the mutation encoding the resistance-conferring T917I amino acid substitution. This highlights the necessity of proactive resistance management programmes designed to detect pyrethroid mutations before they become established within populations of head lice.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Larkin
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Carol A Rodriguez
- School of Microbiology, National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Shabana Jamani
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Georgina Fronza
- Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (UNIDEF-CONICET), Villa Martelli, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Roca-Acevedo
- Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (UNIDEF-CONICET), Villa Martelli, Argentina
| | - Ana Sanchez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Ariel C Toloza
- Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (UNIDEF-CONICET), Villa Martelli, Argentina.
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12
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Fox K, Larkin K, Sanchez A. Global Trends in Genetic Markers of Pediculus humanus capitis Resistance Mechanisms. CURRENT TROPICAL MEDICINE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40475-020-00204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Komoda M, Yamaguchi S, Takahashi K, Yanase K, Umezawa M, Miyajima A, Yoshimasu T, Sato E, Ozeki R, Ishii N. Efficacy and safety of a combination regimen of phenothrin and ivermectin lotion in patients with head lice in Okinawa, Japan. J Dermatol 2020; 47:720-727. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayo Komoda
- Department of Medical Safety Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Chiba Japan
- Translational Research Center Research Institute for Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science Tokyo Japan
| | - Sayaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Dermatology University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine Okinawa Japan
| | - Kenzo Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine Okinawa Japan
| | - Kazuko Yanase
- Department of Medical Safety Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Chiba Japan
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science Tokyo Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Department of Biopharmaceutics Meiji Pharmaceutical University Tokyo Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshimasu
- Department of Medical Safety Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Chiba Japan
| | - Eiji Sato
- Department of Medical Safety Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Chiba Japan
| | - Rie Ozeki
- Department of Medical Safety Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo University of Science Chiba Japan
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14
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Karakuş M, Atıcı T, Karabela ŞN, Baylan O, Limoncu ME, Balcıoğlu İC. Detection of permethrin resistance and phylogenetic clustering of turkish head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis; De Geer, 1767 populations. Acta Trop 2020; 204:105362. [PMID: 32006522 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Head lice infestation caused by Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer, 1767 is one of the most common public health problems. The relationship between humans and head lice dates back millions of years ago that differentiated into different phylogenetic clades. Treatment of head lice infestation usually based on insecticide-based products, which promotes the resistance in the head lice populations. In the present study, we aimed to screen the presence of permethrin resistance among collected P. h. capitis specimens in Turkey. Three mutation sites (T917I, L920F, and M815I) were screened using real-time PCR and resistance was identified by melt analysis. Of the studied specimens, resistance allele frequency (RAF) was found 0.98 for T917I, 0.99 for L920F, and 1.00 for M815I. The phylogenetic study revealed that Clade A and Clade B are present and overlap in Turkey. The present study is first to screen the resistance among Turkish head lice specimens. To not stimulate the pyrethroids resistance in head lice populations, early detection of resistance is crucial and will help the health professionals to choose suitable formula in the treatment. We suggest that the resistance status needs to be screened in randomly selected populations before any treatment application is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Karakuş
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tuğçe Atıcı
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Şemsi Nur Karabela
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Baylan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Limoncu
- Vocational School of Health Services, Manisa Celal Bayar University Manisa, Turkey
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15
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Abstract
La pediculosis capitis es la ectoparasitosis más frecuente a nivel mundial. La infestación es causada por Pediculus humanus capitis (piojo de la cabeza) y afecta el cabello, el cuero cabelludo y la piel. Rara vez se manifiesta con otro tipo de sintomatología y, por lo general, su curso es benigno si se trata adecuadamente. Se presenta el caso de una menor con pediculosis capitis de 18 meses de evolución, asociada con forúnculos, lesiones cutáneas, múltiples adenopatías y anemia, que no mejoró tras la aplicación del champú. Inicialmente, llamó la atención la presencia de forúnculos, alopecia y adenopatías. La persistencia de la pediculosis capitis y el rascado intenso alteraron la integridad de la epidermis y facilitaron las infecciones secundarias por bacterias patógenas y oportunistas que produjeron impétigo, forunculosis, excoriaciones, costras hemáticas, anemia, alopecia y linfadenopatías. La pediculosis capitis afectó notoriamente a la paciente al causarle problemas psicológicos y de salud, agudizados por su condición económica y social. La paciente presentó manifestaciones clínicas poco frecuentes (forunculosis, anemia, fiebre, alopecia y adenopatías), lo cual se vio facilitado por la persistencia de los factores de riesgo y el hecho de que no se le inspeccionaba la cabeza ni se removían los insectos. La educación sobre los factores de riesgo y el control sanitario es indispensable para controlar la infestación.
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Eremeeva ME, Warang SS, Anderson ML, Capps D, Zohdy S, Durden LA. Molecular Survey for Pathogens and Markers of Permethrin Resistance in Human Head Lice (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) from Madagascar. J Parasitol 2019. [DOI: 10.1645/18-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina E. Eremeeva
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, 501 Forest Drive, P.O. Box 8015, Statesboro, Georgia 30458
| | - Shamta S. Warang
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, 501 Forest Drive, P.O. Box 8015, Statesboro, Georgia 30458
| | - Matthew L. Anderson
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, 501 Forest Drive, P.O. Box 8015, Statesboro, Georgia 30458
| | - Danielle Capps
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, 501 Forest Drive, P.O. Box 8015, Statesboro, Georgia 30458
| | - Sarah Zohdy
- School of Forestry & Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849
| | - Lance A. Durden
- College of Science and Mathematics, Georgia Southern University, P.O. Box 8042-1, Statesboro, Georgia 30458
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