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Jiang H, Chen J, Li X, Jin Z, Chen T, Liu J, Li D. A Comprehensive Review of In Situ Measurement Techniques for Evaluating the Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Behaviors of Battery Electrodes. Molecules 2024; 29:1873. [PMID: 38675692 PMCID: PMC11054296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The global production landscape exhibits a substantial need for efficient and clean energy. Enhancing and advancing energy storage systems are a crucial avenue to optimize energy utilization and mitigate costs. Lithium batteries are the most effective and impressive energy utilization system at present, with good safety, high energy density, excellent cycle performance, and other advantages, occupying most of the market. However, due to the defects in the electrode material of the battery itself, the electrode will undergo the process of expansion, stress evolution, and electrode damage during electro-chemical cycling, which will degrade battery performance. Therefore, the detection of property changes in the electrode during electro-chemical cycling, such as the evolution of stress and the modulus change, are useful for preventing the degradation of lithium-ion batteries. This review presents a current overview of measurement systems applied to the performance detection of batteries' electrodes, including the multi-beam optical stress sensor (MOSS) measurement system, the digital image correlation (DIC) measurement system, and the bending curvature measurement system (BCMS), which aims to highlight the measurement principles and advantages of the different systems, summarizes a part of the research methods by using each system, and discusses an effective way to improve the battery performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.J.); (X.L.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Jie Chen
- Office of Research Affairs, Shanghai Institute of Satelite Engineering, Shanghai 201109, China;
| | - Xiaolin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.J.); (X.L.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Zhiyao Jin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.J.); (X.L.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Tianjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China;
| | - Jiahui Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.J.); (X.L.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
| | - Dawei Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.J.); (X.L.); (Z.J.); (J.L.)
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2
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Motoyama M. In situ microscopy techniques for understanding Li plating and stripping in solid-state batteries. Microscopy (Oxf) 2024; 73:184-195. [PMID: 38050331 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfad058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-state batteries have potential to realize a rechargeable Li-metal anode. However, several challenges persist in the charging and discharging processes of the Li-metal anode, which require a fundamental understanding of Li plating and stripping across the interface of solid-state electrolytes (SEs) to address. This review overviews studies on Li-metal anodes in solid-state batteries using in situ observation techniques with an emphasis on Li electrodeposition and dissolution using scanning electron microscopy and SEs such as lithium phosphorus oxynitride and garnet-type compounds such as Li7La3Zr2O12. The previous research is categorized into three topics: (i) Li nucleation, growth and dissolution at the anode-free interface, (ii) electrochemical reduction of SE and (iii) short-circuit phenomena in SE. The current trends of each topic are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munekazu Motoyama
- Kyushu University Platform of Inter-/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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3
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Yang D, Ng YXA, Zhang K, Chang Q, Chen J, Liang T, Cheng S, Sun Y, Shen W, Ang EH, Xiang H, Song X. Imaging the Surface/Interface Morphologies Evolution of Silicon Anodes Using in Situ/ Operando Electron Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20583-20602. [PMID: 37087764 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Si-based rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have generated interest as silicon has remarkably high theoretical specific capacity. It is projected that LIBs will meet the increasing need for extensive energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and portable electronics with high energy densities. However, the Si-based LIB has a substantial problem due to the volume cycle variations brought on by Si, which result in severe capacity loss. Making Si-based anodes-enabled high-performance LIBs that are easy to utilize requires an understanding of the fading mechanism. Due to its distinct advantage in morphological changes from microscale to nanoscale, even approaching atomic resolution, electron microscopy is one of the most popular methods. Based on operando electron microscopy characterization, the general comprehension of the fading mechanism and the morphology evolution of Si-based LIBs are debated in this review. The current advancements in compositional and structural interpretation for Si-based LIBs using advanced electron microscopy characterization methods are outlined. The future development trends in pertinent silicon materials characterization methods are also highlighted, along with numerous potential research avenues for Si-based LIBs design and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Yun Xin Angel Ng
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Kuanxin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Qiang Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Tong Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Yi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Wangqiang Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Edison Huixiang Ang
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - Hongfa Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
| | - Xiaohui Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui Province 230009, China
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4
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Boiko DA, Kashin AS, Sorokin VR, Agaev YV, Zaytsev RG, Ananikov VP. Analyzing ionic liquid systems using real-time electron microscopy and a computational framework combining deep learning and classic computer vision techniques. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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5
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Chen M, Huang Y, Shi Z, Luo H, Liu Z, Shen C. Effect of High-Voltage Additives on Formation of Solid Electrolyte Interphases in Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103662. [PMID: 35629689 PMCID: PMC9144735 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed at the interface in lithium-ion batteries plays an important role in isolating electrons and permeating ions during charging/discharging processes. Therefore, the formation of a good interface is crucial for better battery performance. In this study, additives based on adiponitrile (ADN) and trimethyl borate (TMB) were employed to broaden the electrochemical window and form a good SEI layer. Electrochemical Atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM) was used for in situ studies of film-formation mechanisms in high-voltage electrolytes on high-temperature pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), as well as Li- and Mn-rich (LMR) materials. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) combined with electrochemical methods revealed a synergistic reaction between the two additives to form a more stable interfacial film during charging/discharging processes to yield assembled batteries with improved cycle performance, its capacity increased from below 100 mAh/g to 200 mAh/g after 50 cycles. In sum, these findings would have great significance for the development of high voltage lithium-ion batteries with enhanced performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo 315201, China; (M.C.); (Y.H.); (Z.S.); (H.L.)
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, 166 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yunbo Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo 315201, China; (M.C.); (Y.H.); (Z.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Zhepu Shi
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo 315201, China; (M.C.); (Y.H.); (Z.S.); (H.L.)
- China Beacons Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 211 Xingguang Road, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo 315201, China; (M.C.); (Y.H.); (Z.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo 315201, China; (M.C.); (Y.H.); (Z.S.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Cai Shen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo 315201, China; (M.C.); (Y.H.); (Z.S.); (H.L.)
- China Beacons Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 211 Xingguang Road, Ningbo 315100, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (C.S.)
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6
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Ezzedine M, Zamfir MR, Jardali F, Leveau L, Caristan E, Ersen O, Cojocaru CS, Florea I. Insight into the Formation and Stability of Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Nanostructured Silicon-Based Anode Electrodes Used in Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24734-24746. [PMID: 34019366 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-based anode fabrication with nanoscale structuration improves the energy density and life cycle of Li-ion batteries. As-synthesized silicon (Si) nanowires (NWs) or nanoparticles (NPs) directly on the current collector represent a credible alternative to conventional graphite anodes. However, the operating potentials of these electrodes are below the electrochemical stability window of all electrolytes used in commercial Li-ion systems. During the first charging phase of the cell, partial decomposition of the electrolyte takes place, which leads to the formation of a layer at the surface of the electrode, called solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). A stable and continuous SEI layer formation is a critical factor to achieve reliable lifetime stability of the battery. Once formed, the SEI acts as a passivation layer that minimizes further degradation of the electrolyte during cycling, while allowing lithium-ion diffusion with their subsequent insertion into the active material and ensuring reversible operation of the electrode. However, one of the major issues requiring deeper investigation is the assessment of the morphological extension of the SEI layer into the active material, which is one of the main parameters affecting the anode performances. In the present study, we use electron tomography with a low electron dose to retrieve three-dimensional information on the SEI layer formation and its stability around SiNWs and SiNPs. The possible mechanisms of SEI evolution could be inferred from the interpretation and analysis of the reconstructed volumes. Significant volume variations in the SiNW and an inhomogeneous distribution of the SEI layer around the NWs are observed during cycling and provide insights into the potential mechanism leading to the generally reported SiNW anode capacity fading. By contrast, analysis of the reconstructed SiNPs' volume for a sample undergoing one lithiation-delithiation cycle shows that the SEI remains homogeneously distributed around the NPs that retain their spherical morphology and points to the potential benefit of such nanoscale Si anode materials to improve their cycling lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ezzedine
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau 91228 Cedex, France
| | - Mihai-Robert Zamfir
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau 91228 Cedex, France
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma & Radiation Physics (INFLPR), Atomistilor Street, No. 409, Magurele, Ilfov RO-077125, Romania
| | - Fatme Jardali
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau 91228 Cedex, France
| | - Lucie Leveau
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau 91228 Cedex, France
- Renault SAS, DREAM/DETA/SEE, 1, Avenue du Golf, Guyancourt 78288, France
| | - Eleonor Caristan
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau 91228 Cedex, France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg 67034 Cedex 2, France
| | | | - Ileana Florea
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, IP Paris, Palaiseau 91228 Cedex, France
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7
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Domi Y, Usui H, Shindo Y, Ando A, Sakaguchi H. Lithiation and Delithiation Properties of Si-based Electrodes Pre-coated with a Surface Film Derived from an Ionic-liquid Electrolyte. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Domi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Usui
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Shindo
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ando
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama-cho, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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8
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Tsuda T, Kuwabata S. Electron microscopy using ionic liquids for life and materials sciences. Microscopy (Oxf) 2020; 69:183-195. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfaa013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
An ionic liquid (IL) is a salt consisting of only cations and anions, which exists in the liquid state at room temperature. Interestingly ILs combine various favorable physicochemical properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, flame resistance, relatively high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical window, etc. To take advantage of two specific features of ILs, viz. their nonvolatile and antistatic nature, in 2006, Kuwabata, Torimoto et al. reported a milestone study led to current IL-based electron microscopy techniques. Thereafter, several IL-based electron microscopy techniques have been proposed for life science and materials science applications, e.g. pretreatment of hydrous and/or non-electron conductive specimens and in situ/operando observation of chemical reactions occurring in ILs. In this review, the fundamental approaches for making full use of these techniques and their impact on science and technology are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Kuwabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Chang Z, Li X, Yun F, Shao Z, Wu Z, Wang J, Lu S. Effect of Dual‐Salt Concentrated Electrolytes on the Electrochemical Performance of Silicon Nanoparticles. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201901906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng‐hua Chang
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd No.11 Xingke Dong Street Yanqi Economic Development Zone Huairou District, Beijing 101407 PR China
- Department National Power Battery Innovation CenterGRINM GROUP CORPRATION LIMITED (GRINM) No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd No.11 Xingke Dong Street Yanqi Economic Development Zone Huairou District, Beijing 101407 PR China
- Department National Power Battery Innovation CenterGRINM GROUP CORPRATION LIMITED (GRINM) No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
| | - Feng‐ling Yun
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd No.11 Xingke Dong Street Yanqi Economic Development Zone Huairou District, Beijing 101407 PR China
- Department National Power Battery Innovation CenterGRINM GROUP CORPRATION LIMITED (GRINM) No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
| | - Ze‐chao Shao
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd No.11 Xingke Dong Street Yanqi Economic Development Zone Huairou District, Beijing 101407 PR China
- Department National Power Battery Innovation CenterGRINM GROUP CORPRATION LIMITED (GRINM) No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
| | - Zhao‐hui Wu
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd No.11 Xingke Dong Street Yanqi Economic Development Zone Huairou District, Beijing 101407 PR China
- Department National Power Battery Innovation CenterGRINM GROUP CORPRATION LIMITED (GRINM) No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
| | - Jian‐tao Wang
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd No.11 Xingke Dong Street Yanqi Economic Development Zone Huairou District, Beijing 101407 PR China
- Department National Power Battery Innovation CenterGRINM GROUP CORPRATION LIMITED (GRINM) No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
| | - Shi‐gang Lu
- China Automotive Battery Research Institute Co. Ltd No.11 Xingke Dong Street Yanqi Economic Development Zone Huairou District, Beijing 101407 PR China
- Department National Power Battery Innovation CenterGRINM GROUP CORPRATION LIMITED (GRINM) No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
- General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals No.2 Xinjiekou Wai Street Xicheng District Beijing 100088 PR China
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10
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Advanced Characterizations of Solid Electrolyte Interphases in Lithium-Ion Batteries. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-019-00058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Tsuda T, Hosoya K, Sano T, Kuwabata S. In-situ scanning electron microscope observation of electrode reactions related to battery material. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.06.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Kashin AS, Ananikov VP. Monitoring chemical reactions in liquid media using electron microscopy. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Liu D, Shadike Z, Lin R, Qian K, Li H, Li K, Wang S, Yu Q, Liu M, Ganapathy S, Qin X, Yang QH, Wagemaker M, Kang F, Yang XQ, Li B. Review of Recent Development of In Situ/Operando Characterization Techniques for Lithium Battery Research. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806620. [PMID: 31099081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demands of energy storage require the significant improvement of current Li-ion battery electrode materials and the development of advanced electrode materials. Thus, it is necessary to gain an in-depth understanding of the reaction processes, degradation mechanism, and thermal decomposition mechanisms under realistic operation conditions. This understanding can be obtained by in situ/operando characterization techniques, which provide information on the structure evolution, redox mechanism, solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, side reactions, and Li-ion transport properties under operating conditions. Here, the recent developments in the in situ/operando techniques employed for the investigation of the structural stability, dynamic properties, chemical environment changes, and morphological evolution are described and summarized. The experimental approaches reviewed here include X-ray, electron, neutron, optical, and scanning probes. The experimental methods and operating principles, especially the in situ cell designs, are described in detail. Representative studies of the in situ/operando techniques are summarized, and finally the major current challenges and future opportunities are discussed. Several important battery challenges are likely to benefit from these in situ/operando techniques, including the inhomogeneous reactions of high-energy-density cathodes, the development of safe and reversible Li metal plating, and the development of stable SEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Liu
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zulipiya Shadike
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Ruoqian Lin
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Kun Qian
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Nano Energy Materials Laboratory (NEM), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hai Li
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- Interdisciplinary Division of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Shuwei Wang
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qipeng Yu
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629JB, The Netherlands
| | - Swapna Ganapathy
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629JB, The Netherlands
| | - Xianying Qin
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Quan-Hong Yang
- Nanoyang Group, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Marnix Wagemaker
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 15, Delft, 2629JB, The Netherlands
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Nano Energy Materials Laboratory (NEM), Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Baohua Li
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Materials and Devices Testing Center, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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14
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Tsuda T, Imanishi A, Sano T, Sawamura A, Kamidaira T, Chen CY, Uchida S, Kusumoto S, Ishikawa M, Kuwabata S. In situ electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for high capacity anodes in next-generation ionic liquid-based Li batteries. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Tripathi AM, Su WN, Hwang BJ. In situ analytical techniques for battery interface analysis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:736-851. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00180k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Interface is a key to high performance and safe lithium-ion batteries or lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok M. Tripathi
- Nano-electrochemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Nien Su
- Nano-electrochemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Bing Joe Hwang
- Nano-electrochemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
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Paravannoor A, Augustine CA. Interfacial properties of alloy anodes in combination with room temperature ionic liquid electrolytes: A review based on Li secondary batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Chen CY, Sawamura A, Tsuda T, Uchida S, Ishikawa M, Kuwabata S. Visualization of Si Anode Reactions in Coin-Type Cells via Operando Scanning Electron Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:35511-35515. [PMID: 28957629 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the electrochemical behavior and controlling the morphological variations of electrodes are critical for the design of high-capacity batteries. In this article, we describe a newly established operando scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to visualize the battery reactions in a modified coin cell, which allowed the simultaneous collection of electrochemical data and time-resolved images. The investigated silicon (Si)-polyimide-binder electrode exhibited a high capacity (∼1500 mAh g-1) and a desirable cyclability. Operando SEM revealed that the morphology of the Si anode drastically changed and cracks formed on the electrode because of the lithiation-induced volume expansion of the Si particles during the first charge process. Interestingly, the thickness variation in the Si composite layer was moderated in subsequent cycles. This strongly suggested that cracking caused by the breakage of the stiff binder alleviated the internal stress experienced by Si. On the basis of this finding by the operando SEM technique, patterned Si electrodes with controlled spacing were successfully fabricated, and their improved performance was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yao Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Amane Sawamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University , 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Masashi Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University , 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Susumu Kuwabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Hsieh YT, Tsuda T, Kuwabata S. SEM as a Facile Tool for Real-Time Monitoring of Microcrystal Growth during Electrodeposition: The Merit of Ionic Liquids. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7249-7254. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department
of Chemistry, Soochow University, Taipei City 11102, Taiwan
| | - Tetsuya Tsuda
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Kuwabata
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Chen CY, Sano T, Tsuda T, Ui K, Oshima Y, Yamagata M, Ishikawa M, Haruta M, Doi T, Inaba M, Kuwabata S. In situ Scanning Electron Microscopy of Silicon Anode Reactions in Lithium-Ion Batteries during Charge/Discharge Processes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36153. [PMID: 27782200 PMCID: PMC5080607 DOI: 10.1038/srep36153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the charge/discharge behaviour of high-capacity anode active materials, e.g., Si and Li, is essential for the design and development of next-generation high-performance Li-based batteries. Here, we demonstrate the in situ scanning electron microscopy (in situ SEM) of Si anodes in a configuration analogous to actual lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with an ionic liquid (IL) that is expected to be a functional LIB electrolyte in the future. We discovered that variations in the morphology of Si active materials during charge/discharge processes is strongly dependent on their size and shape. Even the diffusion of atomic Li into Si materials can be visualized using a back-scattering electron imaging technique. The electrode reactions were successfully recorded as video clips. This in situ SEM technique can simultaneously provide useful data on, for example, morphological variations and elemental distributions, as well as electrochemical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yao Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Teruki Sano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Ui
- Department of Frontier Materials and Function Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Iwate University, 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8551, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Oshima
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamagata
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Masashi Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Masakazu Haruta
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Takayuki Doi
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Minoru Inaba
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0321, Japan
| | - Susumu Kuwabata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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