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Chen Z, Yan Z, Xia S, Wang K, Han Q, Zhou M, Wang D, Yin J, Yin Y. Dietary Isatidis Root Residue Improves Diarrhea and Intestinal Function in Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2776. [PMID: 39409729 PMCID: PMC11475266 DOI: 10.3390/ani14192776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Weaning stress can trigger diarrhea, cause intestinal damage, and disrupt the intestinal flora of piglets, ultimately resulting in retarded growth or even the death of the animals. Traditional Chinese medicine residues encompass numerous bioactive compounds and essential nutrients; however, their efficient utilization remains a challenge. Consequently, our study sought to explore the impact of traditional Chinese medicine residues, specifically Isatidis Root residue (IRR), on the growth performance, intestinal function, and occurrence of weaning diarrhea in newly weaned piglets. Forty healthy, castrated Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire males, weaned at 21 days old and exhibiting similar body conditions, were randomly allocated into five groups, with eight piglets in each group. The results indicated that the dietary inclusion of IRR at concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 4.0% notably decreased the incidence of diarrhea in weaned piglets compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Serum LDL-C and globulin (GLB) contents were reduced in response to dietary IRR concentrations (0.5% to 4.0%), while serum albumin (ALB) and albumin/globulin (A/G) contents were enhanced (p < 0.05). Dietary 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% IRR resulted in significant increases in villus height (VH) and villus height/crypt depth (V/C) ratios in the jejunum, V/C ratios in the ileum, and the number of villi goblet cells both in the jejunum and ileum. IRR also led to a significant decrease in the crypt depth (CD) of the jejunum and ileum (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of IL-6 in the jejunum was significantly increased in IRR-fed piglets (0.5% to 4.0%) (p < 0.05). IRR demonstrated inhibitory effects on harmful bacteria in the gastrointestinal microbiome, including Campylobacter, Actinobacillus minor, and Ralstonia pickettii, indicating its broad-spectrum bacteriostatic properties. In conclusion, dietary IRR alleviated diarrhea in weaned piglets and improved gut function and microbial compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (S.X.); (K.W.); (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Zenghao Yan
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510515, China; (Z.Y.); (D.W.)
| | - Siting Xia
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (S.X.); (K.W.); (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Kaijun Wang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (S.X.); (K.W.); (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Qi Han
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (S.X.); (K.W.); (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Miao Zhou
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (S.X.); (K.W.); (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Deqin Wang
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510515, China; (Z.Y.); (D.W.)
| | - Jie Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (S.X.); (K.W.); (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yulong Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Z.C.); (S.X.); (K.W.); (Q.H.); (M.Z.); (J.Y.)
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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Aoyama Y, Tsuda T, Hitomi-Ohmura E, Yoshida A. Effect of dietary excess-histidine on fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and 6-phosphofructokinase activities, and activation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase by basic amino acids in rat liver. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1992; 24:981-5. [PMID: 1319358 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(92)90107-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
1. Dietary excess histidine caused an increase in the total activity of fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, and a decrease in 6-phosphofructokinase in the liver. 2. The hepatic concentrations of free histidine and lysine were higher in rats fed a histidine-excess diet. 3. The addition of histidine, lysine or arginine to the assay mixture for fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase resulted in a significant increase in its activity. The 6-phosphofructokinase activity in the liver was not enhanced by the addition of histidine to the assay mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Aoyama
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Japan
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Leclerc J. Effect of methionine supplementation of low protein diets in the rat: A review. Amino Acids 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2262-7_139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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