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Tang N, Liu Y, Yang S, Zhong M, Cui D, Chai O, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Hou Z, Sun H. Correlation between newborn weight and serum BCAAs in pregnant women with diabetes. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:38. [PMID: 38839749 PMCID: PMC11153640 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential amino acids for mammals. Maternal BCAAs during pregnancy have been associated with newborn development. Meanwhile, BCAAs have been tightly linked with insulin resistance and diabetes in recent years. Diabetes in pregnancy is a common metabolic disorder. The current study aims to assess the circulating BCAA levels in pregnant women with diabetes and their relationship with neonatal development. METHODS The serum concentrations of BCAAs and their corresponding branched-chain α-keto acids (BCKAs) catabolites in 33 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance, 16 pregnant women with type 2 diabetes before pregnancy (PDGM), and 15 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were determined using a liquid chromatography system coupled to a mass spectrometer. The data were tested for normal distribution and homogeneity of variance before statistical analysis. Correlations were computed with the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS The maternal serum BCAAs and BCKAs levels during late pregnancy were higher in women with PGDM than those in healthy women. Meanwhile, the circulating BCAAs and BCKAs showed no significant changes in women with GDM compared with those in healthy pregnant women. Furthermore, the circulating BCAA and BCKA levels in women with PGDM were positively correlated with the weight of the newborn. The circulating leucine level in women with GDM was positively correlated with the weight of the newborn. BCAA and BCKA levels in healthy pregnant women showed no correlation with newborn weight. CONCLUSIONS The serum BCAAs in pregnant women with diabetes, which was elevated in PGDM but not GDM, were positively correlated with newborn weight. These findings highlight potential approaches for early identification of high-risk individuals and interventions to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yajin Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Sa Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Mengyu Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Dongqing Cui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ou Chai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yunwei Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Zhimin Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
| | - Haipeng Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Improvement of adzuki bean paste quality by Flavourzyme-mediated enzymatic hydrolysis. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ruan L, Ju Y, Zhan C, Hou L. Improved umami flavor of soy sauce by adding enzymatic hydrolysate of low-value fish in the natural brewing process. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Zheng W, Wang J, Wang Y, Song W, Liang S, Guo C, Ma X, Li G. Dynamic changes and early predictive value of branched-chain amino acids in gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1000296. [PMID: 36313758 PMCID: PMC9614652 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but their roles in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are still controversial. This study aims to explore the dynamic changes of BCAAs during pregnancy and identify potential early biomarkers for GDM. METHODS This study is a nested case-control study involved 49 women with GDM and 50 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy pregnant women. The dynamic changes of valine (Val), isoleucine (Ile), and leucine (Leu) were detected in the first (8-12 weeks) and second trimesters (24-28 weeks) by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Serum Val, Ile, and Leu were higher in GDM patients than in controls in the first trimester. Compared with the first trimester, the serum Val, Ile, and Leu in GDM patients were decreased in the second trimester. In addition, Val, Ile, and Leu in the first trimester were the risk factors for GDM, and Ile presented a high predictive value for GDM. Ile + age (≥ 35) + BMI (≥ 24) exhibited the highest predictive value for GDM (AUC = 0.902, sensitivity = 93.9%, specificity = 80%). CONCLUSION Maternal serum Ile in the first trimester was a valuable biomarker for GDM. Ile combined with advanced maternal age and overweight may be used for the early prediction of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Environmental and Spatial Epidemiology Research Center, National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Environmental and Spatial Epidemiology Research Center, National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shengnan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuimei Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Environmental and Spatial Epidemiology Research Center, National Human Genetic Resources Center, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xu Ma, ; Guanghui Li,
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xu Ma, ; Guanghui Li,
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Supruniuk E, Żebrowska E, Chabowski A. Branched chain amino acids-friend or foe in the control of energy substrate turnover and insulin sensitivity? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2559-2597. [PMID: 34542351 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1977910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) and their derivatives are bioactive molecules with pleiotropic functions in the human body. Elevated fasting blood BCAA concentrations are considered as a metabolic hallmark of obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, since increased BCAA amount is observed both in metabolically healthy and obese subjects, a question whether BCAA are mechanistic drivers of insulin resistance and its morbidities or only markers of metabolic dysregulation, still remains open. The beneficial effects of BCAA on body weight and composition, aerobic capacity, insulin secretion and sensitivity demand high catabolic potential toward amino acids and/or adequate BCAA intake. On the opposite, BCAA-related inhibition of lipogenesis and lipolysis enhancement may preclude impairment in insulin sensitivity. Thereby, the following review addresses various strategies pertaining to the modulation of BCAA catabolism and the possible roles of BCAA in energy homeostasis. We also aim to elucidate mechanisms behind the heterogeneity of ramifications associated with BCAA modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Żebrowska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Allman BR, Spray BJ, Mercer KE, Andres A, Børsheim E. Markers of branched-chain amino acid catabolism are not affected by exercise training in pregnant women with obesity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:651-659. [PMID: 33444120 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00673.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the role of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in physiological processes such as nutrient signaling and protein synthesis, there is ongoing debate about the link between circulating BCAAs and insulin resistance (IR) in various populations. In healthy women, IR mildly increases during pregnancy, whereas both BCAAs and markers of BCAA catabolism decrease, indicating that fetal growth is being prioritized. Exercise reduces IR in nonpregnant adults, but less is known about the effect of exercise during pregnancy in women with obesity on IR and BCAA breakdown. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a moderate-intensity exercise intervention during pregnancy on maternal circulating BCAAs and markers of BCAA catabolism [short-chain acylcarnitines (ACs)], and their associations with IR. Healthy obese [n = 80, means ± SD; body mass index (BMI): 36.9 ± 5.7 kg/m2] pregnant women were randomized into an exercise (n = 40, aerobic/resistance 3×/wk, ∼13th gestation week until birth) or a nonexercise control (n = 40) group. Blood was collected at 12.2 ± 0.5 and 36.0 ± 0.4 gestation weeks and analyzed for BCAA-derived acylcarnitine concentrations as markers of BCAA breakdown toward oxidative pathways, and glucose and insulin concentrations [updated homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA2-IR)]. After adjusting for HOMA2-IR, there were no interaction effects of group by time. In addition, there was a main positive effect of time on HOMA2-IR (12 wk: 2.3 ± 0.2, 36 wk: 3.0 ± 0.2, P = 0.003). A moderate-intensity exercise intervention during pregnancy in women with obesity was not associated with changes in BCAA-derived ACs versus standard of care. The decrease in BCAA-derived ACs throughout gestation could not be explained by IR.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This research showed an increase in insulin resistance (IR) and decrease in branched-chain amino acid catabolism throughout gestation in women with obesity, and addition of a moderate exercise intervention (known to attenuate IR in nonpregnant populations) did not alter these shifts. Findings provide support for metabolic safety of exercise during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany R Allman
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Beverly J Spray
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Kelly E Mercer
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Elisabet Børsheim
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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