1
|
Cui G, Yu X, He M, Huang S, Liu K, Li Y, Li J, Shao X, Lv Q, Li X, Tan M. Biological activity, limitations and steady-state delivery of functional substances for precision nutrition. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 112:1-50. [PMID: 39218500 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Food-related functional substances with biological activity serve as a crucial material foundation for achieving precision nutrition, which has gained increasing attraction in regulating physiological functions, preventing chronic diseases, and maintaining human health. Nutritional substances typically include bioactive proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, polyphenols, functional lipids, carotenoids, probiotics, vitamins, saponins, and terpenes. These functional substances play an essential role in precise nutrition. This chapter introduces and summarizes typical functional substances to demonstrate the challenges in precision nutrition for their stability, solubility, and bioavailability. The current status of delivery systems of functional substances is described to give an insight into the development of desirable characteristics, such as food grade status, high loading capacity, site targeting, and controlled release capacity. Finally, the applications of food-borne delivery systems of functional substances for precision nutrition are emphasized to meet the requirement for precision nutrition during nutritional intervention for chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Cui
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Yu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Ming He
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Shasha Huang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Kangjing Liu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Shao
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Qiyan Lv
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Xueqian Li
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Monasso GS, Hoang TT, Mancano G, Fernández-Barrés S, Dou J, Jaddoe VW, Page CM, Johnson L, Bustamante M, Bakulski KM, Håberg SE, Ueland PM, Battram T, Merid SK, Melén E, Caramaschi D, Küpers LK, Sunyer J, Nystad W, Heil SG, Schmidt RJ, Vrijheid M, Sharp GC, London SJ, Felix JF. A meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies on pregnancy vitamin B12 concentrations and offspring DNA methylation. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2202835. [PMID: 37093107 PMCID: PMC10128528 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2202835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating vitamin B12 concentrations during pregnancy are associated with offspring health. Foetal DNA methylation changes could underlie these associations. Within the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics Consortium, we meta-analysed epigenome-wide associations of circulating vitamin B12 concentrations in mothers during pregnancy (n = 2,420) or cord blood (n = 1,029), with cord blood DNA methylation. Maternal and newborn vitamin B12 concentrations were associated with DNA methylation at 109 and 7 CpGs, respectively (False Discovery Rate P-value <0.05). Persistent associations with DNA methylation in the peripheral blood of up to 482 children aged 4-10 y were observed for 40.7% of CpGs associated with maternal vitamin B12 and 57.1% of CpGs associated with newborn vitamin B12. Of the CpGs identified in the maternal meta-analyses, 4.6% were associated with either birth weight or gestational age in a previous work. For the newborn meta-analysis, this was the case for 14.3% of the identified CpGs. Also, of the CpGs identified in the newborn meta-analysis, 14.3% and 28.6%, respectively, were associated with childhood cognitive skills and nonverbal IQ. Of the 109 CpGs associated with maternal vitamin B12, 18.3% were associated with nearby gene expression. In this study, we showed that maternal and newborn vitamin B12 concentrations are associated with DNA methylation at multiple CpGs in offspring blood (PFDR<0.05). Whether this differential DNA methylation underlies associations of vitamin B12 concentrations with child health outcomes, such as birth weight, gestational age, and childhood cognition, should be further examined in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulietta S. Monasso
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thanh T. Hoang
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Giulia Mancano
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sílvia Fernández-Barrés
- ISGlobal, Bacelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), madrid,Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Dou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christian M. Page
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laura Johnson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Bacelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), madrid,Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kelly M. Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Siri E. Håberg
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Thomas Battram
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Simon K. Merid
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs’ Children’s Hospital, South General Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Doretta Caramaschi
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Leanne K. Küpers
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Bacelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), madrid,Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wenche Nystad
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra G. Heil
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
- The UC Davis MIND Institute, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Bacelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), madrid,Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma C. Sharp
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephanie J. London
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Janine F. Felix
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mercantepe F. Relationship of Vitamin B12 Levels With Different Degrees of Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus 2023; 15:e47352. [PMID: 38021783 PMCID: PMC10657338 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The potential influence of micronutrient status on obesity should be considered. Nevertheless, previous research examining the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and obesity has yielded inconclusive results. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between serum vitamin B12 levels and obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) in a population consisting of persons aged 18 years and older. METHODS A retrospective case-control research was undertaken on a sample of 1024 individuals aged 18 years and older who were admitted to a tertiary healthcare facility (Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Education and Research Hospital, Rize) for either overweight-related issues or routine check-ups. The primary objective of this study was to assess the B12 levels of these individuals. The researcher recorded the body mass index (BMI) and history of DM for all subjects. RESULTS The study comprised a total of 1024 participants, consisting of 834 females and 190 males. The levels of vitamin B12 in women were found to be 308±113 pg/mL, while in men, the levels were 304±125 pg/mL. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that there is no statistically significant disparity in vitamin B12 levels between males and females (p=0.748). There was a statistically significant positive correlation seen between age and B12 levels; however, the magnitude of this connection was found to be minor (p=0.000, R2=0.017). The study findings revealed that out of the 1,024 individuals evaluated, 179 individuals exhibited B12 levels below 200, while 845 individuals displayed vitamin B12 levels above 200. The study findings indicated that there was no statistically significant distinction observed in the occurrence of obesity and DM in relation to vitamin B12 deficiency (p = 0.938, p = 0.08, respectively). CONCLUSION The results of this study offer empirical support for the notion that there is no significant difference in vitamin B12 levels between individuals afflicted with obesity and diabetes and those unaffected by these conditions. Interestingly, it was shown that serum B12 levels exhibited a modest increase with advancing age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Mercantepe
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, TUR
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ter Borg S, Koopman N, Verkaik-Kloosterman J. An Evaluation of Food and Nutrient Intake among Pregnant Women in The Netherlands: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3071. [PMID: 37447397 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy can have serious consequences for the health of the (unborn) child. This systematic review provides an updated overview of the available food and nutrient intake data for pregnant women in The Netherlands and an evaluation based on the current recommendations. Embase, MEDLINE, and national institute databases were used. Articles were selected if they had been published since 2008 and contained data on food consumption, nutrient intake, or the status of healthy pregnant women. A qualitative comparison was made with the 2021 Dutch Health Council recommendations and reference values. A total of 218 reports were included, representing 54 individual studies. Dietary assessments were primarily performed via food frequency questionnaires. Protein, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, calcium, and magnesium intakes seemed to be adequate. For folate and vitamin D, supplements were needed to reach the recommended intake. The reasons for concern are the low intakes of fruits, vegetables, and (fatty) fish, and the intakes of alcohol, sugary drinks, and salt. For several foods and nutrients, no or limited intake data were found. High-quality, representative, and recent data are needed to evaluate the nutrient intake of pregnant women in order to make accurate assessments and evaluations, supporting scientific-based advice and national nutritional policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sovianne Ter Borg
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke Koopman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Joint Effects of Prenatal Folic Acid Supplement with Prenatal Multivitamin and Iron Supplement on Obesity in Preschoolers Born SGA: Sex Specific Difference. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020380. [PMID: 36678251 PMCID: PMC9863758 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal maternal nutrient supplementation has been reported to be associated with offspring obesity, but the reports are inconsistent and have mainly ignored the differences between the total children population and children born small for gestational age (SGA). This study aimed to examine the joint effects of folic acid, iron, and multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy on the risk of obesity in preschoolers born SGA. A total of 8918 children aged 3-6.5 years born SGA were recruited from Longhua District in Shenzhen of China in 2021. Their mothers completed a structured questionnaire about the child's and parents' socio-demographic characteristics, maternal prepregnant obesity, and mothers' prenatal supplementation of folic acid, iron, and multivitamin. In addition, the children's current weight and height were measured by trained nurses. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between prenatal supplementations and the current presence of childhood obesity. After controlling for potential confounders, the results of the logistic regression analysis showed that prenatal supplement of folic acid (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.55~0.93) was associated with a lower likelihood of being an obese preschooler born SGA. In contrast, the ingestion of multivitamin or iron supplements during pregnancy did not seem to be related to the likelihood of childhood obesity in preschoolers born SGA. Moreover, cross-over analysis of prenatal folic acid and multivitamin obtained significant negative associations of prenatal folic acid supplement only (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55~0.97) and combination supplement of folic acid and multivitamin (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.50~0.90) with obesity of preschoolers born SGA; while the cross-over analysis of prenatal folic acid and iron observed significant negative associations between obesity of preschoolers born SGA and a combination supplement of folic acid and iron (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.52~0.96). Furthermore, the aforementioned significant associations were only found in girls and not in boys when the analyses were stratified by sex. Our findings suggest that the prenatal folic acid supplementation may decrease the risk of obesity in preschool girls born SGA, and that this effect may be modified by prenatal multivitamin or iron supplementation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohan A, Kumar R, Kumar V, Yadav M. Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 and Folate Level: Possible Risk Factors in the Progression of Chronic Heart and Kidney Disorders. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:e090223213539. [PMID: 36757031 PMCID: PMC10494275 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x19666230209111854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobalamin is an essential molecule for humans; it is exceptionally important for various body functions, including deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and cellular energy production. Vegans are more vulnerable to vitamin B12 deficiency than natives with moderate consumption of animal dietary supplements or people with inadequate nutritional patterns. However, the long-term effects of sub-medical deficiency have not been thoroughly studied, but they may have a negative impact on the cardiovascular system, pregnancy outcomes, and vascular, renal, cognitive, bone, and eye health. Alongside the statin remedy, that is a powerful approach for CVD prevention. Another approach is related to the B nutrition substitution remedy with folic acid, and vitamins B6 and B12 are extensively practised nowadays. There is a tremendous interest in plasma homocysteine (tHcy) as a cardiovascular hazard factor. However, current research in the field of its prevention is more inclined toward confirming the benefit of tHcy-reducing remedy with vitamin B12. Thus, while folic acid fortification is primarily aimed at reducing neural-tube defects, it may also play a significant role in the primary prevention of CVD by lowering tHcy. Folate and B-vitamins play important roles in CVD prevention and nutrition policy implementation. Patients affected with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) or end-stage Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) experience a tremendous cardiovascular threat that may also further lead to death. As a result, routine monitoring of vitamin B12 levels is likely to be beneficial for the early detection and treatment of metabolic vitamin B12 deficiency, as well as the prevention of heart-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Mohan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida Sector 125, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Mahendra Yadav
- Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Sasaram, Rohtas, Bihar 821305, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pastore A, Panera N, Mosca A, Caccamo R, Camanni D, Crudele A, De Stefanis C, Alterio A, Di Giovamberardino G, De Vito R, Francalanci P, Battaglia S, Muda AO, De Peppo F, Alisi A. Changes in Total Homocysteine and Glutathione Levels After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Children with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Obes Surg 2022; 32:82-89. [PMID: 34546515 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Paediatric obesity is a well-known risk factor for metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on the levels of total homocysteine (tHcy) and total glutathione (tGSH) plasma levels in children with MAFLD. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four children with severe obesity who underwent LSG were included in the study. The metabolic parameters, systemic inflammatory markers, one-carbon metabolism products, ultrasound and histological improvement were evaluated at baseline (T0M) and after 12 months from LSG (T12M). RESULTS The patients exhibited a significant amelioration of several metabolic parameters at T12M. A significant reduction of steatosis was observed at ultrasound (from 72.7% of moderate-severe grade to 0% severe steatosis), accompanied by a statistically significant improvement of ballooning, portal and lobular inflammation and fibrosis. A statistically significant decrease of tumour necrosis factor circulating levels was also observed (T0M median = 290.3, IQR = 281.0-317.0 pg/mL; T12M median = 260.4, IQR = 240.0-279.0 pg/mL; p < 0.0001). After 12 months from LSG, a significant increase of mean plasma levels of tHcy(T0M mean = 15.7 ± 4.1 μmol/L; T12M mean = 21.1 ± 9.3 μmol/L; p = 0.0146) was also observed. The increase of tHcy showed no causal link with the improvement of MAFLD-related inflammatory, metabolic and histological pattern. CONCLUSION LSG in children with obesity induces an improvement of MAFLD-related metabolic derangement and liver damage, but also a mild hyperhomocysteinemia that should be avoided to prevent cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pastore
- Research Unit of Diagnostical and Management Innovations, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nadia Panera
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Mosca
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Caccamo
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Camanni
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Crudele
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano De Stefanis
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Alterio
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rita De Vito
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Francalanci
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Battaglia
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Onetti Muda
- Research Unit of Diagnostical and Management Innovations, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco De Peppo
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Alisi
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Obeid R, Eussen SJPM, Mommers M, Smits L, Thijs C. Imbalanced Folate and Vitamin B12 in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy and its Association with Birthweight and Child Growth up to 2 Years. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100662. [PMID: 34821015 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy may lead to an imbalance when vitamin B12 intake is low (folate trap) and may affect child's growth. METHODS The authors study the association between third trimester maternal intakes of folate and B12 and birthweight and postnatal growth of 2632 infants from the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Plasma vitamin biomarkers are measured in 1219 women. RESULTS Imbalanced total intakes (folate > 430 µg day-1 combined with B12 < 5.5 µg day-1 ) are not associated with birthweight [β adj (95% CI) = -14.87 (-68.87, 39.13)] compared with high intakes of both. Imbalanced intake is associated with a lower z score of weight at 1-2 years [β adj = -0.14 (-0.25, -0.03)]. Having red blood cell folate > 745 nmol L-1 and plasma B12 < 172 pmol L-1 is not associated with birthweight [β adj = -7.10 (-97.90, 83.71) g]. Maternal dietary B12 intake [β adj = -9.5 (-15.6, -3.3)] and plasma methylmalonic acid [β adj = 234 (43, 426)] are associated with birthweight. CONCLUSION Low maternal dietary B12 intake and elevated methylmalonic acid rather than imbalanced vitamins are associated with higher birthweight, suggesting that low maternal B12 can predispose the infants for later obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima Obeid
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Kirrberg street, Building 57, Homburg, Saarland, D-66421, Germany
| | - Simone J P M Eussen
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Mommers
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Smits
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carel Thijs
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Monasso GS, Jaddoe VWV, Küpers LK, Felix JF. Epigenetic age acceleration and cardiovascular outcomes in school-age children: The Generation R Study. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:205. [PMID: 34784966 PMCID: PMC8597298 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension and atherosclerosis may partly originate in early life. Altered epigenetic aging may be a mechanism underlying associations of early-life exposures and the development of cardiovascular risk factors in childhood. A discrepancy between chronological age and age predicted from neonatal DNA methylation data is referred to as age acceleration. It may either be positive, if DNA methylation age is older than clinical age, or negative, if DNA methylation age is younger than chronological age. We examined associations of age acceleration at birth ('gestational age acceleration'), and of age acceleration at school-age, with blood pressure and with intima-media thickness and distensibility of the common carotid artery, as markers of vascular structure and function, respectively, measured at age 10 years. RESULTS This study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study. We included 1115 children with information on cord blood DNA methylation and blood pressure, carotid intima-media thickness or carotid distensibility. Gestational age acceleration was calculated using the Bohlin epigenetic clock, which was developed specifically for cord blood DNA methylation data. It predicts gestational age based on methylation levels of 96 CpGs from HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. We observed no associations of gestational age acceleration with blood pressure, carotid intima-media thickness or carotid distensibility at age 10 years. In analyses among children with peripheral blood DNA methylation measured at age 6 (n = 470) and 10 (n = 449) years, we also observed no associations of age acceleration at these ages with the same cardiovascular outcomes, using the 'skin and blood clock,' which predicts age based on methylation levels at 391 CpGs from HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not provide support for the hypothesis that altered epigenetic aging during the earliest phase of life is involved in the development of cardiovascular risk factors in childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulietta S Monasso
- The Generation R Study Group (Na-2918), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group (Na-2918), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leanne K Küpers
- The Generation R Study Group (Na-2918), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janine F Felix
- The Generation R Study Group (Na-2918), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|