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Bánáti D, Hellman-Regen J, Mack I, Young HA, Benton D, Eggersdorfer M, Rohn S, Dulińska-Litewka J, Krężel W, Rühl R. Defining a vitamin A5/X specific deficiency - vitamin A5/X as a critical dietary factor for mental health. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:443-475. [PMID: 38904956 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
A healthy and balanced diet is an important factor to assure a good functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system. Retinoid X receptor (RXR)-mediated signaling was identified as an important mechanism of transmitting major diet-dependent physiological and nutritional signaling such as the control of myelination and dopamine signalling. Recently, vitamin A5/X, mainly present in vegetables as provitamin A5/X, was identified as a new concept of a vitamin which functions as the nutritional precursor for enabling RXR-mediated signaling. The active form of vitamin A5/X, 9-cis-13,14-dehydroretinoic acid (9CDHRA), induces RXR-activation, thereby acting as the central switch for enabling various heterodimer-RXR-signaling cascades involving various partner heterodimers like the fatty acid and eicosanoid receptors/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), the cholesterol receptors/liver X receptors (LXRs), the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and the vitamin A(1) receptors/retinoic acid receptors (RARs). Thus, nutritional supply of vitamin A5/X might be a general nutritional-dependent switch for enabling this large cascade of hormonal signaling pathways and thus appears important to guarantee an overall organism homeostasis. RXR-mediated signaling was shown to be dependent on vitamin A5/X with direct effects for beneficial physiological and neuro-protective functions mediated systemically or directly in the brain. In summary, through control of dopamine signaling, amyloid β-clearance, neuro-protection and neuro-inflammation, the vitamin A5/X - RXR - RAR - vitamin A(1)-signaling might be "one of" or even "the" critical factor(s) necessary for good mental health, healthy brain aging, as well as for preventing drug addiction and prevention of a large array of nervous system diseases. Likewise, vitamin A5/X - RXR - non-RAR-dependent signaling relevant for myelination/re-myelination and phagocytosis/brain cleanup will contribute to such regulations too. In this review we discuss the basic scientific background, logical connections and nutritional/pharmacological expert recommendations for the nervous system especially considering the ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diána Bánáti
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Julian Hellman-Regen
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Campus Benjamin Franklin, Section Neurobiology, University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hayley A Young
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, UK
| | - David Benton
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Swansea University, UK
| | - Manfred Eggersdorfer
- Department of Healthy Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), The Netherlands
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Inserm U1258, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Nayarisseri A, Bandaru S, Khan A, Sharma K, Bhrdwaj A, Kaur M, Ghosh D, Chopra I, Panicker A, Kumar A, Saravanan P, Belapurkar P, Mendonça Junior FJB, Singh SK. Epigenetic dysregulation in cancers by isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2). ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2024; 141:223-253. [PMID: 38960475 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in genome-wide studies have revealed numerous epigenetic regulations brought about by genes involved in cellular metabolism. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), an essential enzyme, that converts isocitrate into -ketoglutarate (KG) predominantly in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, has gained particular importance due to its cardinal role in the metabolic pathway in cells. IDH1, IDH2, and IDH3 are the three isomeric IDH enzymes that have been shown to regulate cellular metabolism. Of particular importance, IDH2 genes are associated with several cancers, including gliomas, oligodendroglioma, and astrocytomas. These mutations lead to the production of oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG), which accumulates in cells promoting tumor growth. The enhanced levels of D-2-HG competitively inhibit α-KG dependent enzymes, inhibiting cell TCA cycle, upregulating the cell growth and survival relevant HIF-1α pathway, promoting DNA hypermethylation related epigenetic activity, all of which synergistically contribute to carcinogenesis. The present review discusses epigenetic mechanisms inIDH2 regulation in cells and further its clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuraj Nayarisseri
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, LeGene Biosciences Pvt Ltd, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Srinivas Bandaru
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation (KLEF), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Arshiya Khan
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Khushboo Sharma
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anushka Bhrdwaj
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Dipannita Ghosh
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ishita Chopra
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Aravind Panicker
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; Department of Biosciences, Acropolis Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Priyadevi Saravanan
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pranoti Belapurkar
- Department of Biosciences, Acropolis Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Letafati A, Sakhavarz T, Khosravinia MM, Ardekani OS, Sadeghifar S, Norouzi M, Naseri M, Ghaziasadi A, Jazayeri SM. Exploring the correlation between progression of human papillomavirus infection towards carcinogenesis and nutrition. Microb Pathog 2023; 183:106302. [PMID: 37567326 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus that can lead to the development of various types of cancer. While there are vaccines available to prevent HPV infection, there is also growing interest in the role of nutrition in reducing the risk of HPV-related cancers in HPV positive patients. Diet and nutrition play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing various diseases. A healthy diet can strengthen the immune system, which is essential for fighting off infections, including HPV infections, and preventing the growth and spread of cancer cells. Therefore, following a healthy diet and maintaining a healthy weight are important components of HPV and cancer prevention. This article explores the current scientific evidence on the relationship between nutrition and HPV, including the impact of specific nutrients, dietary patterns, and supplements on HPV infection toward cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Letafati
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tannaz Sakhavarz
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Khosravinia
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Salahi Ardekani
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samira Sadeghifar
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Norouzi
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Naseri
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Ghaziasadi
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Jazayeri
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Nagai Y, Ambinder AJ. The Promise of Retinoids in the Treatment of Cancer: Neither Burnt Out Nor Fading Away. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3535. [PMID: 37509198 PMCID: PMC10377082 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has become a highly curable malignancy, especially in combination with arsenic trioxide (ATO). ATRA's success has deepened our understanding of the role of the RARα pathway in normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, and it has influenced a generation of cancer drug development. Retinoids have also demonstrated some efficacy in a handful of other disease entities, including as a maintenance therapy for neuroblastoma and in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas; nevertheless, the promise of retinoids as a differentiating therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) more broadly, and as a cancer preventative, have largely gone unfulfilled. Recent research into the mechanisms of ATRA resistance and the biomarkers of RARα pathway dysregulation in AML have reinvigorated efforts to successfully deploy retinoid therapy in a broader subset of myeloid malignancies. Recent studies have demonstrated that the bone marrow environment is highly protected from exogenous ATRA via local homeostasis controlled by stromal cells expressing CYP26, a key enzyme responsible for ATRA inactivation. Synthetic CYP26-resistant retinoids such as tamibarotene bypass this stromal protection and have shown superior anti-leukemic effects. Furthermore, recent super-enhancer (SE) analysis has identified a novel AML subgroup characterized by high expression of RARα through strong SE levels in the gene locus and increased sensitivity to tamibarotene. Combined with a hypomethylating agent, synthetic retinoids have shown synergistic anti-leukemic effects in non-APL AML preclinical models and are now being studied in phase II and III clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Nagai
- Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Alexander J Ambinder
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Wang X, Dai L, Liu Y, Li C, Fan D, Zhou Y, Li P, Kong Q, Su J. Partial erosion on under-methylated regions and chromatin reprogramming contribute to oncogene activation in IDH mutant gliomas. Epigenetics Chromatin 2023; 16:13. [PMID: 37118755 PMCID: PMC10142198 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-023-00490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IDH1/2 hotspot mutations are well known to drive oncogenic mutations in gliomas and are well-defined in the WHO 2021 classification of central nervous system tumors. Specifically, IDH mutations lead to aberrant hypermethylation of under-methylated regions (UMRs) in normal tissues through the disruption of TET enzymes. However, the chromatin reprogramming and transcriptional changes induced by IDH-related hypermethylation in gliomas remain unclear. RESULTS Here, we have developed a precise computational framework based on Hidden Markov Model to identify altered methylation states of UMRs at single-base resolution. By applying this framework to whole-genome bisulfite sequencing data from 75 normal brain tissues and 15 IDH mutant glioma tissues, we identified two distinct types of hypermethylated UMRs in IDH mutant gliomas. We named them partially hypermethylated UMRs (phUMRs) and fully hypermethylated UMRs (fhUMRs), respectively. We found that the phUMRs and fhUMRs exhibit distinct genomic features and chromatin states. Genes related to fhUMRs were more likely to be repressed in IDH mutant gliomas. In contrast, genes related to phUMRs were prone to be up-regulated in IDH mutant gliomas. Such activation of phUMR genes is associated with the accumulation of active H3K4me3 and the loss of H3K27me3, as well as H3K36me3 accumulation in gene bodies to maintain gene expression stability. In summary, partial erosion on UMRs was accompanied by locus-specific changes in key chromatin marks, which may contribute to oncogene activation. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a computational strategy for precise decoding of methylation encroachment patterns in IDH mutant gliomas, revealing potential mechanistic insights into chromatin reprogramming that contribute to oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China
| | - Lijun Dai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, 325011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China
| | - Qingran Kong
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, 325011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianzhong Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325011, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, 325011, Zhejiang, China.
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325011, China.
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Guo Z, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Wang R, Liu W, Zhang C, Yang X. Cellular retinol-binding protein 1: a therapeutic and diagnostic tumor marker. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1885-1894. [PMID: 36515825 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellular Retinol Binding Protein 1 (CRBP1) gene is a protein coding gene located on human chromosome 3q21, which codifies a protein named CRBP1. CRBP1 is widely expressed in many tissues as a chaperone protein to regulate the uptake, subsequent esterification and bioavailability of retinol. CRBP1 combines retinol and retinaldehyde with high affinity to protect retinoids from non-specific oxidation, and transports retinoids to specific enzymes to promote the biosynthesis of retinoic acid. The vital role of CRBP1 in retinoids metabolism has been gradually discovered, which has been implicated in tumorigenesis. However, the precise functions of CRBP1 in different diseases are still poorly understood. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the role of CRBP1 in various diseases, especially in both the promotion and inhibition of cancers, which may also offer a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Guo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yinshen Zhao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Ruoyan Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Wan Liu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xianguang Yang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
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Bader JM, Deigendesch N, Misch M, Mann M, Koch A, Meissner F. Proteomics separates adult-type diffuse high-grade gliomas in metabolic subgroups independent of 1p/19q codeletion and across IDH mutational status. Cell Rep Med 2022; 4:100877. [PMID: 36584682 PMCID: PMC9873829 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
High-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas are malignant neuroepithelial tumors with poor survival rates in combined chemoradiotherapy. The current WHO classification is based on IDH1/2 mutational and 1p/19q codeletion status. Glioma proteome alterations remain undercharacterized despite their promise for a better molecular patient stratification and therapeutic target identification. Here, we use mass spectrometry to characterize 42 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from IDH-wild-type (IDHwt) gliomas, IDH-mutant (IDHmut) gliomas with and without 1p/19q codeletion, and non-neoplastic controls. Based on more than 5,500 quantified proteins and 5,000 phosphosites, gliomas separate by IDH1/2 mutational status but not by 1p/19q status. Instead, IDHmut gliomas split into two proteomic subtypes with widespread perturbations, including aerobic/anaerobic energy metabolism. Validations with three independent glioma proteome datasets confirm these subgroups and link the IDHmut subtypes to the established proneural and classic/mesenchymal subtypes in IDHwt glioma. This demonstrates common phenotypic subtypes across the IDH status with potential therapeutic implications for patients with IDHmut gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Maximilian Bader
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Deigendesch
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Misch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arend Koch
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Felix Meissner
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Department of Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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Current Opportunities for Targeting Dysregulated Neurodevelopmental Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162530. [PMID: 36010607 PMCID: PMC9406959 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and highly lethal type of brain tumor, with poor survival despite advances in understanding its complexity. After current standard therapeutic treatment, including tumor resection, radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy with temozolomide, the median overall survival of patients with this type of tumor is less than 15 months. Thus, there is an urgent need for new insights into GBM molecular characteristics and progress in targeted therapy in order to improve clinical outcomes. The literature data revealed that a number of different signaling pathways are dysregulated in GBM. In this review, we intended to summarize and discuss current literature data and therapeutic modalities focused on targeting dysregulated signaling pathways in GBM. A better understanding of opportunities for targeting signaling pathways that influences malignant behavior of GBM cells might open the way for the development of novel GBM-targeted therapies.
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Luo Y, Zhang W. WITHDRAWN: DNMT inhibitor (decitabine) attenuates tuberculosis-induced spine injury by modulating the expression of microRNA-155 and matrix metalloproteinase-13 via suppressing the hypermethylation of IDH mutant. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu X, Li N, Zhang C, Wu X, Zhang S, Dong G, Liu G. Identification of metastasis-associated exoDEPs in colorectal cancer using label-free proteomics. Transl Oncol 2022; 19:101389. [PMID: 35303583 PMCID: PMC8927999 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes play essential role in the metastasis of colorectal cancer from TME aspect. Finding out the prominent regulating exoDEPs by label-free proteomics in this research provided a lot of key information of CRC metastases. Metabolism, cytoskeleton-related pathways and immunosuppression are two key mechanisms by which exosomes regulate CRC malignant behavior. The discovery of the “all or none” exoDEPs was of great significance. The exoDEPs expressed only in SW620 cells can more clearly show their ability to promote the invasion and metastasis of CRC cells.
Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles consisting of biochemical molecules, including proteins, RNAs, lipids, and metabolites that play a prominent role in tumor progression. In this study, we performed a label-free proteomic analysis of exosomes from a pair of homologous human colorectal cancer cell line with different metastatic abilities. A total of 115 exoDEPs were identified, with 31 proteins upregulated and 84 proteins downregulated in SW620 exosome. We also detected 30 proteins expressed only in SW620 exosomes and 60 proteins expressed only in SW480 exosomes. Bioinformatics analysis enriched the components and pathways associated with the extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton-related pathways, and immune system changes of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cellular function experiments confirmed the role of SW620 exosomes in promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SW480 cells. Further verifications were performed on six upregulated exoDEPs (FGFBP1, SIPA1, THBS1, TGFBI, COL6A1, and RPL10), three downregulated exoDEPs (SLC2A3, MYO1D, and RBP1), and three exoDEPs (SMOC2, GLG1, and CEMIP) expressed only in SW620 by WB and IHC. This study provides a complete and novel basis for exploring new drug targets to inhibit the invasion and metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Liu
- 1st Department of general surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Union Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- 1st Department of general surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Union Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Union Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shoujia Zhang
- 1st Department of general surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Union Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Gang Dong
- Anorectal surgery, Central Hospital of Jinzhou City, No. 51, Section 2, Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ge Liu
- 1st Department of general surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Union Road, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China.
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Wu W, Wang Y, Niu C, Wahafu A, Huo L, Guo X, Xiang J, Li X, Xie W, Bai X, Wang M, Wang J. Retinol binding protein 1-dependent activation of NF- κB signaling enhances the malignancy of non-glioblastomatous diffuse gliomas. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:517-528. [PMID: 34866280 PMCID: PMC8819305 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonglioblastomatous diffuse glioma (non‐GDG) is a heterogeneous neuroepithelial tumor that exhibits a varied survival range from 4 to 13 years based on the diverse subtypes. Recent studies demonstrated novel molecular markers can predict prognosis for non‐GDG patients; however, these findings as well as pathological classification strategies show obvious limitations on malignant transition due to the heterogeneity among non‐GDGs. Therefore, developing reliable prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets have become an urgent need for precisely distinguishing non‐GDG subtypes, illuminating the underlying mechanism. Nuclear factor κβ (NF‐κB) has been proved to be a significant nuclear transcriptional regulator with specific DNA‐binding sequences to participate in multiple pathophysiological processes. However, the underlying mechanism of NF‐κB activation still needs to be further investigated. Herein, our results indicated retinol‐binding protein 1 (RBP1) was significantly upregulated in the IDHWT and 1p19qNon co‐del non‐GDG subtypes and enriched RBP1 expression was markedly correlated with more severe outcomes. Additionally, malignant signatures of the non‐GDG cells including proliferation, migration, invasion, and self‐renewal were significantly suppressed by lentiviral knockdown of RBP1. To further explore the underlying molecular mechanism, bioinformatics analysis was performed using databases, and the results demonstrated RBP1 was strongly correlated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)–NF‐κB signaling. Moreover, exogenous silencing of RBP1 reduced phosphorylation of IkB‐kinase α (IKKα) and thus decreased NF‐κB expression via decreasing the degradation of the IκBα protein. Altogether, these data suggested RBP1‐dependent activation of NF‐κB signaling promoted malignancy of non‐GDG, indicating that RBP1 could be a reliable prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for non‐GDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yichang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Niu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Alafate Wahafu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Longwei Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yulin First Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Yulin, China
| | - Xiaoye Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianyang Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanfu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaobin Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Maode Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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12
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da Costa Rosa M, Yamashita AS, Riggins GJ. Evaluation of a DNA demethylating agent in combination with all-trans retinoic acid for IDH1-mutant gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:711-723. [PMID: 34850159 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) mutations are diagnostic for Astrocytoma or Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant. In these IDH-mutant gliomas, retinoic acid-related gene expression is commonly silenced by DNA hypermethylation. DNA demethylating agents can epigenetically reprogram IDH-mutant cells and reduce proliferation, likely by re-expression of silenced tumor suppressor pathways. We hypothesized that DNA demethylation might restore the retinoic acid pathway and slow tumor growth. This was the rationale for a preclinical evaluation combining the DNA demethylating agent, 5-Azacytidine (5-Aza), and retinoic acid pathway activation with all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) in IDH-mutant glioma. METHODS In this study, we evaluated the effect of 5-Aza and atRA combination on cell proliferation, apoptosis and gene expression in human glioma cells. In addition, the efficacy of combination was tested in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) bearing the IDH1R132H mutation, utilizing subcutaneous and orthotopic models. RESULTS 5-Aza reduced the DNA methylation profile and increased the gene expression of retinoic acid-related genes. Combination of 5-Aza and atRA reduced cell growth, increased differentiation marker expression, and apoptosis in IDH1R132H glioma cells. Mechanistically, 5-Aza sensitized IDHIR132H glioma cells to atRA via upregulation of the retinoic acid pathway. Importantly, the drug combination reduced significantly the growth rate of subcutaneous tumors, but in an orthotopic mouse model the combination did not improve survival and 5-Aza alone provided the best survival benefit. CONCLUSION Use of DNA demethylating agent in combination with retinoids shows promise, but further optimization and preclinical studies are required for treatment of intracranial IDH-mutant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina da Costa Rosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alex Shimura Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gregory J Riggins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Pooyan P, Karamzadeh R, Mirzaei M, Meyfour A, Amirkhan A, Wu Y, Gupta V, Baharvand H, Javan M, Salekdeh GH. The Dynamic Proteome of Oligodendrocyte Lineage Differentiation Features Planar Cell Polarity and Macroautophagy Pathways. Gigascience 2020; 9:5945159. [PMID: 33128372 PMCID: PMC7601170 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Generation of oligodendrocytes is a sophisticated multistep process, the mechanistic underpinnings of which are not fully understood and demand further investigation. To systematically profile proteome dynamics during human embryonic stem cell differentiation into oligodendrocytes, we applied in-depth quantitative proteomics at different developmental stages and monitored changes in protein abundance using a multiplexed tandem mass tag-based proteomics approach. Findings Our proteome data provided a comprehensive protein expression profile that highlighted specific expression clusters based on the protein abundances over the course of human oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation. We identified the eminence of the planar cell polarity signalling and autophagy (particularly macroautophagy) in the progression of oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation—the cooperation of which is assisted by 106 and 77 proteins, respectively, that showed significant expression changes in this differentiation process. Furthermore, differentially expressed protein analysis of the proteome profile of oligodendrocyte lineage cells revealed 378 proteins that were specifically upregulated only in 1 differentiation stage. In addition, comparative pairwise analysis of differentiation stages demonstrated that abundances of 352 proteins differentially changed between consecutive differentiation time points. Conclusions Our study provides a comprehensive systematic proteomics profile of oligodendrocyte lineage cells that can serve as a resource for identifying novel biomarkers from these cells and for indicating numerous proteins that may contribute to regulating the development of myelinating oligodendrocytes and other cells of oligodendrocyte lineage. We showed the importance of planar cell polarity signalling in oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation and revealed the autophagy-related proteins that participate in oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paria Pooyan
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Razieh Karamzadeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.,Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blv., Velenjak, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Amirkhan
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yunqi Wu
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Ashrafi Esfahani, Tehran 1461968151, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal AleAhmad, Tehran 14115-111, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Banihashem St., ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran.,Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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14
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Arthur-Farraj P, Moyon S. DNA methylation in Schwann cells and in oligodendrocytes. Glia 2020; 68:1568-1583. [PMID: 31958184 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of many epigenetic marks, which directly modifies base residues, usually cytosines, in a multiple-step cycle. It has been linked to the regulation of gene expression and alternative splicing in several cell types, including during cell lineage specification and differentiation processes. DNA methylation changes have also been observed during aging, and aberrant methylation patterns have been reported in several neurological diseases. We here review the role of DNA methylation in Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming glia of the peripheral and central nervous systems, respectively. We first address how methylation and demethylation are regulating myelinating cells' differentiation during development and repair. We then mention how DNA methylation dysregulation in diseases and cancers could explain their pathogenesis by directly influencing myelinating cells' proliferation and differentiation capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Arthur-Farraj
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Moyon
- Neuroscience Initiative Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY, New York, New York
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15
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The RBP1-CKAP4 axis activates oncogenic autophagy and promotes cancer progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:488. [PMID: 32587255 PMCID: PMC7316825 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Retinol-binding protein 1 (RBP1) is involved in several physiological functions, including the regulation of the metabolism and retinol transport. Studies have shown that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several types of cancer. However, the role of RBP1 and its correlation with autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) pathogenesis remain unknown. In this study, RBP1 was identified as the most significantly upregulated DEPs with a >2-fold change in OSCC samples when compared to normal tissues through iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis coupled with 2D LC–MS/MS. RBP1 overexpression was significantly associated with malignant phenotypes (differentiation, TNM stage, and lymphatic metastasis) of OSCC. In vitro experiments demonstrated that RBP1 was significantly increased in OSCC tissues and cell lines compared with control group. RBP1 overexpression promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. Silencing of RBP1 suppressed tumor formation in xenografted mice. We further demonstrated that the RBP1–CKAP4 axis was a critical regulator of the autophagic machinery in OSCC, inactivation of autophagy rescued the RBP1–CKAP4-mediated malignant biological behaviors of OSCC cells. Overall, a mechanistic link was provided by RBP1–CKAP4 between primary oncogenic features and the induction of autophagy, which may provide a potential therapeutic target that warrants further investigation for treatment of OSCC.
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16
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Huang LE. Friend or foe-IDH1 mutations in glioma 10 years on. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:1299-1307. [PMID: 31504231 PMCID: PMC6875900 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of recurrent point mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene, albeit in only a small percentage of glioblastomas a decade ago, has transformed our understanding of glioma biology, genomics and metabolism. More than 1000 scientific papers have been published since, propelling bench-to-bedside investigations that have led to drug development and clinical trials. The rapid biomedical advancement has been driven primarily by the realization of a neomorphic activity of IDH1 mutation that produces high levels of (d)-2-hydroxyglutarate, a metabolite believed to promote glioma initiation and progression through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming. Thus, novel inhibitors of mutant IDH1 have been developed for therapeutic targeting. However, numerous clinical and experimental findings are at odds with this simple concept. By taking into consideration a large body of findings in the literature, this article analyzes how different approaches have led to opposing conclusions and proffers a counterintuitive hypothesis that IDH1 mutation is intrinsically tumor suppressive in glioma but functionally undermined by the glutamate-rich cerebral environment, inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes and IDH1 copy-number alterations. This theory also provides an explanation for some of the most perplexing observations, including the scarcity of proper model systems and the prevalence of IDH1 mutation in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eric Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Oncological Science, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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17
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Djuric U, Lam KHB, Kao J, Batruch I, Jevtic S, Papaioannou MD, Diamandis P. Defining Protein Pattern Differences Among Molecular Subtypes of Diffuse Gliomas Using Mass Spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:2029-2043. [PMID: 31353322 PMCID: PMC6773564 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular characterization of diffuse gliomas has thus far largely focused on genomic and transcriptomic interrogations. Here, we utilized mass spectrometry and overlay protein-level information onto genomically defined cohorts of diffuse gliomas to improve our downstream molecular understanding of these lethal malignancies. Bulk and macrodissected tissues were utilized to quantitate 5,496 unique proteins over three glioma cohorts subclassified largely based on their IDH and 1p19q codeletion status (IDH wild type (IDHwt), n = 7; IDH mutated (IDHmt), 1p19q non-codeleted, n = 7; IDH mutated, 1p19q-codeleted, n = 10). Clustering analysis highlighted proteome and systems-level pathway differences in gliomas according to IDH and 1p19q-codeletion status, including 287 differentially abundant proteins in macrodissection-enriched tumor specimens. IDHwt tumors were enriched for proteins involved in invasiveness and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), while IDHmt gliomas had increased abundances of proteins involved in mRNA splicing. Finally, these abundance changes were compared with IDH-matched GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) to better pinpoint protein patterns enriched in putative cellular drivers of gliomas. Using this integrative approach, we outline specific proteins involved in chloride transport (e.g. chloride intracellular channel 1, CLIC1) and EMT (e.g. procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 3, PLOD3, and serpin peptidase inhibitor clade H member 1, SERPINH1) that showed concordant IDH-status-dependent abundance differences in both primary tissue and purified GSC cultures. Given the downstream position proteins occupy in driving biology and phenotype, understanding the proteomic patterns operational in distinct glioma subtypes could help propose more specific, personalized, and effective targets for the management of patients with these aggressive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugljesa Djuric
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, College Street 101, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - K H Brian Lam
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, College Street 101, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, College Street 101, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ihor Batruch
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Stefan Jevtic
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, College Street 101, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Michail-Dimitrios Papaioannou
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, College Street 101, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Phedias Diamandis
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters Hamilton Centre for Neuro-Oncology Research, College Street 101, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada; Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada.
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18
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Stuani L, Sabatier M, Sarry JE. Exploiting metabolic vulnerabilities for personalized therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Biol 2019; 17:57. [PMID: 31319822 PMCID: PMC6637566 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in cell metabolism and metabolic adaptation are hallmark features of many cancers, including leukemia, that support biological processes involved into tumor initiation, growth, and response to therapeutics. The discovery of mutations in key metabolic enzymes has highlighted the importance of metabolism in cancer biology and how these changes might constitute an Achilles heel for cancer treatment. In this Review, we discuss the role of metabolic and mitochondrial pathways dysregulated in acute myeloid leukemia, and the potential of therapeutic intervention targeting these metabolic dependencies on the proliferation, differentiation, stem cell function and cell survival to improve patient stratification and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Stuani
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Inserm, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, F-31037, Toulouse, France.
| | - Marie Sabatier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Inserm, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, F-31037, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Inserm, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, F-31037, Toulouse, France.
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19
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Dwight T, Kim E, Novos T, Clifton-Bligh RJ. Metabolomics in the Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma. Horm Metab Res 2019; 51:443-450. [PMID: 31307108 DOI: 10.1055/a-0926-3790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics refers to the detection and measurement of small molecules (metabolites) within biological systems, and is therefore a powerful tool for identifying dysfunctional cellular physiologies. For pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs), metabolomics has the potential to become a routine addition to histology and genomics for precise diagnostic evaluation. Initial metabolomic studies of ex vivo tumors confirmed, as expected, succinate accumulation in PPGLs associated with pathogenic variants in genes encoding succinate dehydrogenase subunits or their assembly factors (SDHx). Metabolomics has now shown utility in clarifying SDHx variants of uncertain significance, as well as the accurate diagnosis of PPGLs associated with fumarate hydratase (FH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH2) and aspartate transaminase (GOT2). The emergence of metabolomics resembles the advent of genetic testing in this field, which began with single-gene discoveries in research laboratories but is now done by standardized massively parallel sequencing (targeted panel/exome/genome testing) in pathology laboratories governed by strict credentialing and governance requirements. In this setting, metabolomics is poised for rapid translation as it can utilize existing infrastructure, namely liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), for the measurement of catecholamine metabolites. Metabolomics has also proven tractable to in vivo diagnosis of SDH-deficient PPGLs using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The future of metabolomics - embedded as a diagnostic tool - will require adoption by pathologists to shepherd development of standardized assays and sample preparation, reference ranges, gold standards, and credentialing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Dwight
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Edward Kim
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Talia Novos
- Clinical Chemistry, South Eastern Area Laboratory Services Pathology, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Roderick J Clifton-Bligh
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia
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20
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Noch EK, Ramakrishna R, Magge R. Challenges in the Treatment of Glioblastoma: Multisystem Mechanisms of Therapeutic Resistance. World Neurosurg 2018; 116:505-517. [PMID: 30049045 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most lethal human cancers, with poor survival despite surgery, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy. Advances in the treatment of this type of brain tumor are limited because of several resistance mechanisms. Such mechanisms involve limited drug entry into the central nervous system compartment by the blood-brain barrier and by actions of the normal brain to counteract tumor-targeting medications. In addition, the vast heterogeneity in glioblastoma contributes to significant therapeutic resistance by preventing adequate control of the entire tumor mass by a single drug and by facilitating escape mechanisms from targeted agents. The stem cell-like characteristics of glioblastoma promote resistance to chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy through upregulation of efflux transporters, promotion of glioblastoma stem cell proliferation in neurogenic zones, and immune suppression, respectively. Metabolic cascades in glioblastoma prevent effective treatments through the optimization of glucose use, the use of alternative nutrient precursors for energy production, and the induction of hypoxia to enhance tumor growth. In the era of precision medicine, an assortment of molecular techniques is being developed to target an individual's unique tumor, with the hope that this personalized strategy will bypass therapeutic resistance. Although each resistance mechanism presents an array of challenges to effective treatment of glioblastoma, as the field recognizes and addresses these difficulties, future treatments may have more efficacy and promise for patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan K Noch
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rohan Ramakrishna
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Rajiv Magge
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Methylation-mediated miR-155-FAM133A axis contributes to the attenuated invasion and migration of IDH mutant gliomas. Cancer Lett 2018; 432:93-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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Role of MDH2 pathogenic variant in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma patients. Genet Med 2018; 20:1652-1662. [PMID: 30008476 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE MDH2 (malate dehydrogenase 2) has recently been proposed as a novel potential pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) susceptibility gene, but its role in the disease has not been addressed. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MDH2 pathogenic variants among PPGL patients and determine the associated phenotype. METHODS Eight hundred thirty patients with PPGLs, negative for the main PPGL driver genes, were included in the study. Interpretation of variants of unknown significance (VUS) was performed using an algorithm based on 20 computational predictions, by implementing cell-based enzymatic and immunofluorescence assays, and/or by using a molecular dynamics simulation approach. RESULTS Five variants with potential involvement in pathogenicity were identified: three missense (p.Arg104Gly, p.Val160Met and p.Ala256Thr), one in-frame deletion (p.Lys314del), and a splice-site variant (c.429+1G>T). All were germline and those with available biochemical data, corresponded to noradrenergic PPGL. CONCLUSION This study suggests that MDH2 pathogenic variants may play a role in PPGL susceptibility and that they might be responsible for less than 1% of PPGLs in patients without pathogenic variants in other major PPGL driver genes, a prevalence similar to the one recently described for other PPGL genes. However, more epidemiological data are needed to recommend MDH2 testing in patients negative for other major PPGL genes.
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Li T, Cox CD, Ozer BH, Nguyen NT, Nguyen HN, Lai TJ, Li S, Liu F, Kornblum HI, Liau LM, Nghiemphu PL, Cloughesy TF, Lai A. D-2-Hydroxyglutarate Is Necessary and Sufficient for Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 Mutant-Induced MIR148A Promoter Methylation. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:947-960. [PMID: 29545476 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2 converts α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to D-2 hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG), a putative oncometabolite that can inhibit α-KG-dependent enzymes, including ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET) DNA demethylases. We recently established that miRNAs are components of the IDH1 mutant-associated glioma CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP) and specifically identified MIR148A as a tumor-suppressive miRNA within G-CIMP. However, the precise mechanism by which mutant IDH induces hypermethylation of MIR148A and other G-CIMP promoters remains to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment with exogenous D-2-HG induces MIR148A promoter methylation and transcriptional silencing in human embryonic kidney 293T (293T) cells and primary normal human astrocytes. Conversely, we show that the development of MIR148A promoter methylation in mutant IDH1-overexpressing 293T cells is abrogated via treatment with C227, an inhibitor of mutant IDH1 generation of D-2-HG. Using dot blot assays for global assessment of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), we show that D-2-HG treatment reduces 5-hmC levels, whereas C227 treatment increases 5-hmC levels, strongly suggesting TET inhibition by D-2-HG. Moreover, we show that withdrawal of D-2-HG treatment reverses methylation with an associated increase in MIR148A transcript levels and transient generation of 5-hmC. We also demonstrate that RNA polymerase II binds endogenously to the predicted promoter region of MIR148A, validating the hypothesis that its transcription is driven by an independent promoter.Implications: Establishment of D-2-HG as a necessary and sufficient intermediate by which mutant IDH1 induces CpG island methylation of MIR148A will help with understanding the efficacy of selective mutant IDH1 inhibitors in the clinic. Mol Cancer Res; 16(6); 947-60. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Li
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Christopher D Cox
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Byram H Ozer
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nhung T Nguyen
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - HuyTram N Nguyen
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Thomas J Lai
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sichen Li
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fei Liu
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Harley I Kornblum
- Department of Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Pediatric Neurology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linda M Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Phioanh L Nghiemphu
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Timothy F Cloughesy
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Albert Lai
- Neuro-Oncology Program, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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24
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Huang LE, Cohen AL, Colman H, Jensen RL, Fults DW, Couldwell WT. IGFBP2 expression predicts IDH-mutant glioma patient survival. Oncotarget 2018; 8:191-202. [PMID: 27852048 PMCID: PMC5352106 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 genes occur in ~80% of lower-grade (WHO grade II and grade III) gliomas. Mutant IDH produces (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate, which induces DNA hypermethylation and presumably drives tumorigenesis. Interestingly, IDH mutations are associated with improved survival in glioma patients, but the underlying mechanism for the difference in survival remains unclear. Through comparative analyses of 286 cases of IDH-wildtype and IDH-mutant lower-grade glioma from a TCGA data set, we report that IDH-mutant gliomas have increased expression of tumor-suppressor genes (NF1, PTEN, and PIK3R1) and decreased expression of oncogenes(AKT2, ARAF, ERBB2, FGFR3, and PDGFRB) and glioma progression genes (FOXM1, IGFBP2, and WWTR1) compared with IDH-wildtype gliomas. Furthermore, each of these genes is prognostic in overall gliomas; however, within the IDH-mutant group, none remains prognostic except IGFBP2 (encodinginsulin-like growth factor binding protein 2). Through validation in an independent cohort, we show that patients with low IGFBP2 expressiondisplay a clear advantage in overall and disease-free survival, whereas those with high IGFBP2 expressionhave worse median survival than IDH-wildtype patients. These observations hold true across different histological and molecular subtypes of lower-grade glioma. We propose therefore that an unexpected biological consequence of IDH mutations in glioma is to ameliorate patient survival by promoting tumor-suppressor signaling while inhibiting that of oncogenes, particularly IGFBP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Eric Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Adam L Cohen
- Division of Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Howard Colman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Randy L Jensen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Daniel W Fults
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - William T Couldwell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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25
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Remacha L, Comino-Méndez I, Richter S, Contreras L, Currás-Freixes M, Pita G, Letón R, Galarreta A, Torres-Pérez R, Honrado E, Jiménez S, Maestre L, Moran S, Esteller M, Satrústegui J, Eisenhofer G, Robledo M, Cascón A. Targeted Exome Sequencing of Krebs Cycle Genes Reveals Candidate Cancer-Predisposing Mutations in Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6315-6324. [PMID: 28720665 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Mutations in Krebs cycle genes are frequently found in patients with pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas. Disruption of SDH, FH or MDH2 enzymatic activities lead to accumulation of specific metabolites, which give rise to epigenetic changes in the genome that cause a characteristic hypermethylated phenotype. Tumors showing this phenotype, but no alterations in the known predisposing genes, could harbor mutations in other Krebs cycle genes.Experimental Design: We used downregulation and methylation of RBP1, as a marker of a hypermethylation phenotype, to select eleven pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas for targeted exome sequencing of a panel of Krebs cycle-related genes. Methylation profiling, metabolite assessment and additional analyses were also performed in selected cases.Results: One of the 11 tumors was found to carry a known cancer-predisposing somatic mutation in IDH1 A variant in GOT2, c.357A>T, found in a patient with multiple tumors, was associated with higher tumor mRNA and protein expression levels, increased GOT2 enzymatic activity in lymphoblastic cells, and altered metabolite ratios both in tumors and in GOT2 knockdown HeLa cells transfected with the variant. Array methylation-based analysis uncovered a somatic epigenetic mutation in SDHC in a patient with multiple pheochromocytomas and a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Finally, a truncating germline IDH3B mutation was found in a patient with a single paraganglioma showing an altered α-ketoglutarate/isocitrate ratio.Conclusions: This study further attests to the relevance of the Krebs cycle in the development of PCC and PGL, and points to a potential role of other metabolic enzymes involved in metabolite exchange between mitochondria and cytosol. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6315-24. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Remacha
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñaki Comino-Méndez
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susan Richter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura Contreras
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Currás-Freixes
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genotyping Unit-CeGen, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Letón
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Galarreta
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Torres-Pérez
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Scherezade Jiménez
- Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Maestre
- Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorgina Satrústegui
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Cascón
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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26
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van Gils N, Verhagen HJMP, Smit L. Reprogramming acute myeloid leukemia into sensitivity for retinoic-acid-driven differentiation. Exp Hematol 2017; 52:12-23. [PMID: 28456748 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The success of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) provides a rationale for using retinoic acid (RA)-based therapy for other subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently, several studies showed that ATRA may drive leukemic cells efficiently into differentiation and/or apoptosis in a subset of AML patients with an NPM1 mutation, a FLT3-ITD, an IDH1 mutation, and patients overexpressing EVI-1. Because not all patients within these molecular subgroups respond to ATRA and clinical trials that tested ATRA response in non-APL AML patients have had disappointing results, the identification of additional biomarkers may help to identify patients who strongly respond to ATRA-based therapy. Searching for response biomarkers might also reveal novel RA-based combination therapies with an efficient differentiation/apoptosis-inducing effect in non-APL AML patients. Preliminary studies suggest that the epigenetic or transcriptional state of leukemia cells determines their susceptibility to ATRA. We hypothesize that reprogramming by inhibitors of epigenetic-modifying enzymes or by modulation of microRNA expression might sensitize non-APL AML cells for RA-based therapy. AML relapse is caused by a subpopulation of leukemia cells, named leukemic stem cells (LSCs), which are in a different epigenetic state than the total bulk of the AML. The survival of LSCs after therapy is the main cause of the poor prognosis of AML patients, and novel differentiation therapies should drive these LSCs into maturity. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the epigenetic aspects of susceptibility to RA-induced differentiation in APL and non-APL AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noortje van Gils
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Han J M P Verhagen
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Smit
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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27
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Efficient Remyelination Requires DNA Methylation. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0336-16. [PMID: 28451635 PMCID: PMC5394940 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0336-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the principal source of new myelin in the central nervous system. A better understanding of how they mature into myelin-forming cells is of high relevance for remyelination. It has recently been demonstrated that during developmental myelination, the DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), but not DNMT3A, is critical for regulating proliferation and differentiation of OPCs into myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs). However, it remains to be determined whether DNA methylation is also critical for the differentiation of adult OPCs during remyelination. After lysolecithin-induced demyelination in the ventrolateral spinal cord white matter of adult mice of either sex, we detected increased levels of DNA methylation and higher expression levels of the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A and lower levels of DNMT1 in differentiating adult OLs. To functionally assess the role of DNMT1 and DNMT3 in adult OPCs, we used mice with inducible and lineage-specific ablation of Dnmt3a and/or Dnmt1 (i.e., Plp-creER(t);Dnmt3a-flox, Plp-creER(t);Dnmt1-flox, Plp-creER(t);Dnmt1-flox;Dnmt3a-flox). Upon lysolecithin injection in the spinal cord of these transgenic mice, we detected defective OPC differentiation and inefficient remyelination in the Dnmt3a null and Dnmt1/Dnmt3a null mice, but not in the Dnmt1 null mice. Taken together with previous results in the developing spinal cord, these data suggest an age-dependent role of distinct DNA methyltransferases in the oligodendrocyte lineage, with a dominant role for DNMT1 in neonatal OPCs and for DNMT3A in adult OPCs.
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28
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Moyon S, Casaccia P. DNA methylation in oligodendroglial cells during developmental myelination and in disease. NEUROGENESIS 2017; 4:e1270381. [PMID: 28203606 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1270381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS). During development, they differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes (OL) and ensheath axons, providing trophic and functional support to the neurons. This process is regulated by the dynamic expression of specific transcription factors, which, in turn, is controlled by epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation. Here we discuss recent findings showing that DNA methylation levels are differentially regulated in the oligodendrocyte lineage during developmental myelination, affecting both genes expression and alternative splicing events. Based on the phenotypic characterization of mice with genetic ablation of DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) we conclude that DNA methylation is critical for efficient OPC expansion and for developmental myelination. Previous work suggests that in the context of diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) or gliomas, DNA methylation is differentially regulated in the CNS of affected individuals compared with healthy controls. In this commentary, based on the results of previous work, we propose the potential role of DNA methylation in adult oligodendroglial lineage cells in physiologic and pathological conditions, and delineate potential research approaches to be undertaken to test this hypothesis. A better understanding of this epigenetic modification in adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells is essential, as it can potentially result in the design of new therapeutic strategies to enhance remyelination in MS patients or reduce proliferation in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Moyon
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrizia Casaccia
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Initiative Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA
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29
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Ma HS, Robinson TM, Small D. Potential role for all- trans retinoic acid in nonpromyelocytic acute myeloid leukemia. Int J Hematol Oncol 2016; 5:133-142. [PMID: 30302214 DOI: 10.2217/ijh-2016-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been very successful in the subtype of acute myelogenous leukemia known as acute promyelocytic leukemia due to targeted reactivation of retinoic acid signaling. There has been great interest in applying this form of differentiation therapy to other cancers, and numerous clinical trials have been initiated. However, ATRA as monotherapy has thus far shown little benefit in nonacute promyelocytic leukemia acute myelogenous leukemia. Here, we review the literature on the use of ATRA in combination with chemotherapy, epigenetic modifying agents and targeted therapy, highlighting specific patient populations where the addition of ATRA to existing therapies may provide benefit. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of recent whole genome sequencing efforts in leading the design of rational combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley S Ma
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tara M Robinson
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Donald Small
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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30
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Abstract
Adult diffuse gliomas account for the majority of primary malignant brain tumours, and are in most cases lethal. Current therapies are often only marginally effective, and improved options will almost certainly benefit from further insight into the various processes contributing to gliomagenesis and pathology. While molecular characterization of these tumours classifies them on the basis of genetic alterations and chromosomal abnormalities, DNA methylation patterns are increasingly understood to play a role in glioma pathogenesis. Indeed, a subset of gliomas associated with improved survival is characterized by the glioma CpG island methylator phenotype (G-CIMP), which can be induced by the expression of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2). Aberrant methylation of particular genes or regulatory elements, within the context of G-CIMP-positive and/or negative tumours, has also been shown to be associated with differential survival. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the role of DNA methylation in adult diffuse gliomas. In particular, we discuss IDH mutations and G-CIMP, MGMT promoter methylation, DNA methylation-mediated microRNA regulation and aberrant methylation of specific genes or groups of genes.
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31
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Abstract
Background IDH (Isocitrate dehydrogenase) mutations occur frequently in gliomas, but their prognostic impact has not been fully assessed. We performed a meta-analysis of the association between IDH mutations and survival in gliomas. Methods Pubmed and EMBASE databases were searched for studies reporting IDH mutations (IHD1/2 and IDH1) and survival in gliomas. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS); the secondary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS). Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined using the Mantel-Haenszel random-effect modeling. Funnel plot and Egger's test were conducted to examine the risk of publication bias. Results Fifty-five studies (9487 patients) were included in the analysis. Fifty-four and twenty-seven studies investigated the association between IDH1/2 mutations and OS/PFS respectively in patients with glioma. The results showed that patients possessing an IDH1/2 mutation had significant advantages in OS (HR = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.34–0.45; P < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.35–0.51; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed a consistent result with pooled analysis, and patients with glioma of WHO grade III or II-III had better outcomes. Conclusions These findings provide further indication that patients with glioma harboring IDH mutations have improved OS and PFS, especially for patients with WHO grade III and grade II-III.
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32
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Boutzen H, Saland E, Larrue C, de Toni F, Gales L, Castelli FA, Cathebas M, Zaghdoudi S, Stuani L, Kaoma T, Riscal R, Yang G, Hirsch P, David M, De Mas-Mansat V, Delabesse E, Vallar L, Delhommeau F, Jouanin I, Ouerfelli O, Le Cam L, Linares LK, Junot C, Portais JC, Vergez F, Récher C, Sarry JE. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutations prime the all-trans retinoic acid myeloid differentiation pathway in acute myeloid leukemia. J Exp Med 2016; 213:483-97. [PMID: 26951332 PMCID: PMC4821643 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Boutzen et al. show that the IDH1 mutation and its oncometabolite, (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate, dysregulate downstream target pathways of myeloid-specific TFs, especially CEBPα, priming mutant IDH1-R132H AML blasts to the granulomonocytic lineage. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the accumulation of malignant blasts with impaired differentiation programs caused by recurrent mutations, such as the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations found in 15% of AML patients. These mutations result in the production of the oncometabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), leading to a hypermethylation phenotype that dysregulates hematopoietic differentiation. In this study, we identified mutant R132H IDH1-specific gene signatures regulated by key transcription factors, particularly CEBPα, involved in myeloid differentiation and retinoid responsiveness. We show that treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) at clinically achievable doses markedly enhanced terminal granulocytic differentiation in AML cell lines, primary patient samples, and a xenograft mouse model carrying mutant IDH1. Moreover, treatment with a cell-permeable form of 2-HG sensitized wild-type IDH1 AML cells to ATRA-induced myeloid differentiation, whereas inhibition of 2-HG production significantly reduced ATRA effects in mutant IDH1 cells. ATRA treatment specifically decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis of mutant IDH1 blasts in vitro. ATRA also reduced tumor burden of mutant IDH1 AML cells xenografted in NOD–Scid–IL2rγnull mice and markedly increased overall survival, revealing a potent antileukemic effect of ATRA in the presence of IDH1 mutation. This therapeutic strategy holds promise for this AML patient subgroup in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héléna Boutzen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Saland
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Clément Larrue
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Fabienne de Toni
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Lara Gales
- Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, UPS, Institut National Polytechnique, L'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31077 Toulouse, France Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR792, Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Florence A Castelli
- CEA/DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, MetaboHUB-Paris, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mathilde Cathebas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Sonia Zaghdoudi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Lucille Stuani
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Tony Kaoma
- Genomics Research Unit, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé, 1526 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Romain Riscal
- INSERM, U1194, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France Université de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France Institut régional du Cancer Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Guangli Yang
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Pierre Hirsch
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie (UPMC) Paris VI, UMR-S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France INSERM, UMR-S938, CDR Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris VI, GRC n°07, Groupe de Recherche Clinique sur les Myéloproliférations Aiguës et Chroniques MyPAC, F-75012 Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Marion David
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique De Mas-Mansat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Delabesse
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Vallar
- Genomics Research Unit, Centre de Recherche Public de la Santé, 1526 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - François Delhommeau
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie (UPMC) Paris VI, UMR-S 938, CDR Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France INSERM, UMR-S938, CDR Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris VI, GRC n°07, Groupe de Recherche Clinique sur les Myéloproliférations Aiguës et Chroniques MyPAC, F-75012 Paris, France AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Jouanin
- INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, F-31027 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, INP, Toxalim, UMR1331, F-31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Ouathek Ouerfelli
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Laurent Le Cam
- INSERM, U1194, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France Université de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France Institut régional du Cancer Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Laetitia K Linares
- INSERM, U1194, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France Université de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France Institut régional du Cancer Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Junot
- CEA/DSV/iBiTec-S/SPI, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, MetaboHUB-Paris, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Charles Portais
- Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, UPS, Institut National Polytechnique, L'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31077 Toulouse, France Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR792, Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - François Vergez
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France Service d'Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, F-31024 Toulouse, France Université de Toulouse, F-31300 Toulouse, France
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Clinical aggressiveness of malignant gliomas is linked to augmented metabolism of amino acids. J Neurooncol 2016; 128:57-66. [PMID: 26922345 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine, glutamate, asparagine, and aspartate are involved in an enzyme-network that controls nitrogen metabolism. Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase-1 (BCAT1) promotes proliferation of gliomas with wild-type IDH1 and is closely connected to the network. We hypothesized that metabolism of asparagine, glutamine, and branched-chain-amino-acids is associated with progression of malignant gliomas. Gene expression for asparagine synthetase (ASNS), glutaminase (GLS), and BCAT1 were analyzed in 164 gliomas from 156 patients [33-anaplastic gliomas (AG) and 131-glioblastomas (GBM), 64 of which were recurrent GBMs]. ASNS and GLS were twofold higher in GBMs versus AGs. BCAT1 was also higher in GBMs. ASNS expression was twofold higher in recurrent versus new GBMs. Five patients had serial samples: 4-showed higher ASNS and 3-higher GLS at recurrence. We analyzed grade and treatment in 4 groups: (1) low ASNS, GLS, and BCAT1 (n = 96); (2) low ASNS and GLS, but high BCAT1 (n = 26); (3) high ASNS or GLS, but low BCAT1 (n = 25); and (4) high ASNS or GLS and high BCAT1 (n = 17). Ninety-one % of patients (29/32) with grade-III lesions were in group 1. In contrast, 95 % of patients (62/65) in groups 2-4 had GBMs. Treatment was similar in 4 groups (radiotherapy-80 %; temozolomide-30 %; other chemotherapy-50 %). High expression of ASNS, GLS, and BCAT1 were each associated with poor survival in the entire group. The combination of lower ASNS, GLS, and BCAT1 levels correlated with better survival for newly diagnosed GBMs (66 patients; P = 0.0039). Only tumors with lower enzymes showed improved outcome with temozolomide. IDH1(WT) gliomas had higher expression of these genes. Manipulation of amino acid metabolism in malignant gliomas may be further studied for therapeutics development.
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Liu Y, Hu H, Zhang C, Wang Z, Li M, Zhang W, Jiang T. Methylation associated genes contribute to the favorable prognosis of gliomas with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:2745-2755. [PMID: 26609481 PMCID: PMC4633397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, the most common primary brain tumors, are characterized by isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation (IDH1-M). High mutation frequency of IDH1 indicates it's promoting role in tumorgenesis. However, the observation that patients with IDH1-M have better survival comparing with patients with IDH1 wild-type (IDH1-W) suggests that this alteration has other significant beneficial features for patients. Currently, temozolomide (TMZ) is a standard of care for patients which play a major role in DNA methylation that is similar with the role of IDH1-M in genome-wide methylation. In this study, we collected 323 gliomas samples with genome-wide methylation microarray, 502 samples with genome-wide mRNA expression microarray and 295 samples with RNA-seq. By significance analysis of microarray (SAM), we identified 18 genes which are hypermethylation and low expression in samples with IDH1-M comparing with IDH1-W (FDR<0.01). Furthermore, 18 candidate genes were downregulated in TMZ-treated samples. Finally, we obtained two candidate genes, F3 and RBP1. Survival analysis showed that hypermethylation or low expression of the two genes indicated a favorable prognosis, which was consistent with IDH1-M and administration of TMZ in glioma patients. F3 and RBP1 were further validated by qPCR on an independent validation cohort containing 145 samples. Our data suggest that these candidate genes were suppressed by TMZ or IDH1-M induced hypermethylation, resulting in the favorable prognosis of patients with gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Liu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG)China
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG)China
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG)China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG)China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG)China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Brain Tumor Center, Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijing 100069, China
- Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG)China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050, China
- Brain Tumor Center, Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijing 100069, China
- Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG)China
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Smolková K, Dvořák A, Zelenka J, Vítek L, Ježek P. Reductive carboxylation and 2-hydroxyglutarate formation by wild-type IDH2 in breast carcinoma cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 65:125-33. [PMID: 26007236 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial NADPH-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, IDH2, and cytosolic IDH1, catalyze reductive carboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate. Both idh2 and idh1 monoallelic mutations are harbored in grade 2/3 gliomas, secondary glioblastomas and acute myeloid leukemia. Mutant IDH1/IDH2 enzymes were reported to form an oncometabolite r-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), further strengthening malignancy. We quantified CO2-dependent reductive carboxylation glutaminolysis (RCG) and CO2-independent 2HG production in HTB-126 and MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells by measuring (13)C incorporation from 1-(13)C-glutamine into citrate, malate, and 2HG. For HTB-126 cells, (13)C-citrate, (13)C-malate, and (13)C-2-hydroxyglutarate were enriched by 2-, 5-, and 15-fold at 5mM glucose (2-, 2.5-, and 13-fold at 25 mM glucose), respectively, after 6 h. Such enrichment decreased by 6% with IDH1 silencing, but by 30-50% upon IDH2 silencing while cell respiration and ATP levels rose up to 150%. Unlike 2HG production RCG declined at decreasing CO2. At hypoxia (5% O2), IDH2-related and unrelated (13)C-accumulation into citrate and malate increased 1.5-2.5-fold with unchanged IDH2 expression; whereas hypoxic 2HG formation did not. (13)C-2HG originated by ∼50% from other than IDH2 or IDH1 reactions, substantiating remaining activity in IDH1&2-silenced cells. Relatively high basal (12)C-2HG levels existed (5-fold higher vs. non-tumor HTB-125 cells) and (13)C-2HG was formed despite the absence of any idh2 and idh1 mutations in HTB-126 cells. Since RCG is enhanced at hypoxia (frequent in solid tumors) and 2HG can be formed without idh1/2 mutations, we suggest 2HG as an analytic marker (in serum, urine, or biopsies) predicting malignancy of breast cancer in all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Smolková
- Department of Membrane Transport Biophysics, No.75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleš Dvořák
- Department of Membrane Transport Biophysics, No.75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaroslav Zelenka
- Department of Membrane Transport Biophysics, No.75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Libor Vítek
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Ježek
- Department of Membrane Transport Biophysics, No.75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Panagopoulos I, Gorunova L, Taksdal I, Bjerkehagen B, Heim S. Recurrent 12q13-15 chromosomal aberrations, high frequency of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutations, and absence of high mobility group AT-hook 2 expression in periosteal chondromas. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:163-167. [PMID: 26170993 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Periosteal chondroma is a benign cartilage tumor that accounts for <2% of chondromas. In the present study, four cases of periosteal chondromas were cytogenetically investigated and studied for the expression of high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), mutations in codons 132 of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1 and 172 of IDH2; mutations -C228T and -C250T in the promoter region of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT); and for methylation in the promoter regions of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and cellular retinol binding protein 1 (CRBP1). Chromosome aberrations of 12q13-15 were found in two out of the four tumors, while two had a normal karyotype. Two periosteal chondromas carried the mutation IDH1R132C (CGT>TGT), and two carried the mutation IDH1R132L (CGT>CTT). However, none of the four tumors had methylated MGMT and CRBP1 promoters or mutations at codon 172 of IDH2. In addition, -C228T and -C250T mutations were not present in the promoter region of TERT, nor was HMGA2 demonstrated to be expressed. The present study indicated that in periosteal chondromas, the involvement of 12q13-15 in structural rearrangements may be recurrent but that HMGA2 is not expressed. Additionally, the periosteal chondromas investigated in the study carried a heterozygous IDH1R132 mutation, the MGMT and CRBP1 promoters were not methylated, and -C228T and -C250T mutations in the promoter region of TERT were absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Panagopoulos
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway ; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Ludmila Gorunova
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway ; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Taksdal
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Bodil Bjerkehagen
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - Sverre Heim
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway ; Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway ; Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
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Le Rhun E, Taillibert S, Chamberlain MC. Anaplastic glioma: current treatment and management. Expert Rev Neurother 2015; 15:601-20. [PMID: 25936680 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2015.1042455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic glioma (AG) is divided into three morphology-based groups (anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma) as well as three molecular groups (glioma-CpG island methylation phenotype [G-CIMP] negative, G-CIMP positive non-1p19q codeleted tumors and G-CIMP positive codeleted tumors). The RTOG 9402 and EORTC 26951 trials established radiotherapy plus (procarbazine, lomustine, vincristine) chemotherapy as the standard of care in 1p/19q codeleted AG. Uni- or non-codeleted AG are currently best treated with radiotherapy only or alkylator-based chemotherapy only as determined by the NOA-04 trial. Maturation of NOA-04 and results of the currently accruing studies, CODEL (for codeleted AG) and CATNON (for uni or non-codeleted AG), will likely refine current up-front treatment recommendations for AG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Le Rhun
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roger Salengro Hospital, University Hospital, Lille, France
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Janesick A, Wu SC, Blumberg B. Retinoic acid signaling and neuronal differentiation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1559-76. [PMID: 25558812 PMCID: PMC11113123 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The identification of neurological symptoms caused by vitamin A deficiency pointed to a critical, early developmental role of vitamin A and its metabolite, retinoic acid (RA). The ability of RA to induce post-mitotic, neural phenotypes in various stem cells, in vitro, served as early evidence that RA is involved in the switch between proliferation and differentiation. In vivo studies have expanded this "opposing signal" model, and the number of primary neurons an embryo develops is now known to depend critically on the levels and spatial distribution of RA. The proneural and neurogenic transcription factors that control the exit of neural progenitors from the cell cycle and allow primary neurons to develop are partly elucidated, but the downstream effectors of RA receptor (RAR) signaling (many of which are putative cell cycle regulators) remain largely unidentified. The molecular mechanisms underlying RA-induced primary neurogenesis in anamniote embryos are starting to be revealed; however, these data have been not been extended to amniote embryos. There is growing evidence that bona fide RARs are found in some mollusks and other invertebrates, but little is known about their necessity or functions in neurogenesis. One normal function of RA is to regulate the cell cycle to halt proliferation, and loss of RA signaling is associated with dedifferentiation and the development of cancer. Identifying the genes and pathways that mediate cell cycle exit downstream of RA will be critical for our understanding of how to target tumor differentiation. Overall, elucidating the molecular details of RAR-regulated neurogenesis will be decisive for developing and understanding neural proliferation-differentiation switches throughout development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Janesick
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2300 USA
| | - Stephanie Cherie Wu
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2300 USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 2011 Biological Sciences 3, University of California, Irvine, 92697-2300 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Vitamin A, cancer treatment and prevention: the new role of cellular retinol binding proteins. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:624627. [PMID: 25879031 PMCID: PMC4387950 DOI: 10.1155/2015/624627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Retinol and vitamin A derivatives influence cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis and play an important physiologic role in a wide range of biological processes. Retinol is obtained from foods of animal origin. Retinol derivatives are fundamental for vision, while retinoic acid is essential for skin and bone growth. Intracellular retinoid bioavailability is regulated by the presence of specific cytoplasmic retinol and retinoic acid binding proteins (CRBPs and CRABPs). CRBP-1, the most diffuse CRBP isoform, is a small 15 KDa cytosolic protein widely expressed and evolutionarily conserved in many tissues. CRBP-1 acts as chaperone and regulates the uptake, subsequent esterification, and bioavailability of retinol. CRBP-1 plays a major role in wound healing and arterial tissue remodelling processes. In the last years, the role of CRBP-1-related retinoid signalling during cancer progression became object of several studies. CRBP-1 downregulation associates with a more malignant phenotype in breast, ovarian, and nasopharyngeal cancers. Reexpression of CRBP-1 increased retinol sensitivity and reduced viability of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Further studies are needed to explore new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring CRBP-1-mediated intracellular retinol trafficking and the meaning of CRBP-1 expression in cancer patients' screening for a more personalized and efficacy retinoid therapy.
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Cascón A, Comino-Méndez I, Currás-Freixes M, de Cubas AA, Contreras L, Richter S, Peitzsch M, Mancikova V, Inglada-Pérez L, Pérez-Barrios A, Calatayud M, Azriel S, Villar-Vicente R, Aller J, Setién F, Moran S, Garcia JF, Río-Machín A, Letón R, Gómez-Graña Á, Apellániz-Ruiz M, Roncador G, Esteller M, Rodríguez-Antona C, Satrústegui J, Eisenhofer G, Urioste M, Robledo M. Whole-exome sequencing identifies MDH2 as a new familial paraganglioma gene. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 107:djv053. [PMID: 25766404 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the Krebs cycle is a hallmark of cancer. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are found in many neoplasms, and germline alterations in SDH genes and FH predispose to pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma and other cancers. We describe a paraganglioma family carrying a germline mutation in MDH2, which encodes a Krebs cycle enzyme. Whole-exome sequencing was applied to tumor DNA obtained from a man age 55 years diagnosed with multiple malignant paragangliomas. Data were analyzed with the two-sided Student's t and Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Between six- and 14-fold lower levels of MDH2 expression were observed in MDH2-mutated tumors compared with control patients. Knockdown (KD) of MDH2 in HeLa cells by shRNA triggered the accumulation of both malate (mean ± SD: wild-type [WT] = 1±0.18; KD = 2.24±0.17, P = .043) and fumarate (WT = 1±0.06; KD = 2.6±0.25, P = .033), which was reversed by transient introduction of WT MDH2 cDNA. Segregation of the mutation with disease and absence of MDH2 in mutated tumors revealed MDH2 as a novel pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma susceptibility gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cascón
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñaki Comino-Méndez
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Currás-Freixes
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aguirre A de Cubas
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Contreras
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susan Richter
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mirko Peitzsch
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Veronika Mancikova
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Inglada-Pérez
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Pérez-Barrios
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Calatayud
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sharona Azriel
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Villar-Vicente
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Aller
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Setién
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastian Moran
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F Garcia
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Río-Machín
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Letón
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Gómez-Graña
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Apellániz-Ruiz
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanna Roncador
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Antona
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorgina Satrústegui
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Urioste
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- : Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain (AC, ICM, MCF, AAdC, VM, LIP, RL, AGG, MAR, CRA, MR); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain (AC, LC, LIP, CRA, JS, MU, MR); Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain (LC, JS); Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (SR, MP, GE); Departments of Pathology (APB) and Endocrinology and Nutrition Service (MC), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Endocrinology Service, Hospital Infanta Sofía, San Sebastián de los Reyes, Spain (SA); Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain (RVV); Endocrinology Service, Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain (JA); Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain (FS, SM, ME); Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain (JFG); Molecular Cytogenetics Group (ARM), Monoclonal Antibodies Unit, Biotechnology Programme (GR), and Familial Cancer Clinical Unit (MU), Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.
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Rhun EL, Taillibert S, Chamberlain MC. The future of high-grade glioma: Where we are and where are we going. Surg Neurol Int 2015; 6:S9-S44. [PMID: 25722939 PMCID: PMC4338495 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.151331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade glioma (HGG) are optimally treated with maximum safe surgery, followed by radiotherapy (RT) and/or systemic chemotherapy (CT). Recently, the treatment of newly diagnosed anaplastic glioma (AG) has changed, particularly in patients with 1p19q codeleted tumors. Results of trials currenlty ongoing are likely to determine the best standard of care for patients with noncodeleted AG tumors. Trials in AG illustrate the importance of molecular characterization, which are germane to both prognosis and treatment. In contrast, efforts to improve the current standard of care of newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GB) with, for example, the addition of bevacizumab (BEV), have been largely disappointing and furthermore molecular characterization has not changed therapy except in elderly patients. Novel approaches, such as vaccine-based immunotherapy, for newly diagnosed GB are currently being pursued in multiple clinical trials. Recurrent disease, an event inevitable in nearly all patients with HGG, continues to be a challenge. Both recurrent GB and AG are managed in similar manner and when feasible re-resection is often suggested notwithstanding limited data to suggest benefit from repeat surgery. Occassional patients may be candidates for re-irradiation but again there is a paucity of data to commend this therapy and only a minority of selected patients are eligible for this approach. Consequently systemic therapy continues to be the most often utilized treatment in recurrent HGG. Choice of therapy, however, varies and revolves around re-challenge with temozolomide (TMZ), use of a nitrosourea (most often lomustine; CCNU) or BEV, the most frequently used angiogenic inhibitor. Nevertheless, no clear standard recommendation regarding the prefered agent or combination of agents is avaliable. Prognosis after progression of a HGG remains poor, with an unmet need to improve therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Le Rhun
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roger Salengro Hospital, University Hospital, Lille, and Neurology, Department of Medical Oncology, Oscar Lambret Center, Lille, France, Inserm U-1192, Laboratoire de Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Lille 1 University, Villeneuve D’Ascq, France
| | - Sophie Taillibert
- Neurology, Mazarin and Radiation Oncology, Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Marc C. Chamberlain
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Jones PS, Dunn GP, Barker FG, Curry WT, Hochberg FH, Cahill DP. Molecular genetics of low-grade gliomas: genomic alterations guiding diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. 11th annual Frye-Halloran Brain Tumor Symposium. Neurosurg Focus 2015; 34:E9. [PMID: 23373454 DOI: 10.3171/2012.12.focus12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The authors' goal was to review the current understanding of the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in low-grade glioma development and how these mechanisms can be targets for detection and treatment of the disease and its recurrence. METHODS On October 4, 2012, the authors convened a meeting of researchers and clinicians across a variety of pertinent medical specialties to review the state of current knowledge on molecular genetic mechanisms of low-grade gliomas and to identify areas for further research and drug development. RESULTS The meeting consisted of 3 scientific sessions ranging from neuropathology of IDH1 mutations; CIC, ATRX, and FUBP1 mutations in oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas; and IDH1 mutations as therapeutic targets. Sessions consisted of a total of 10 talks by international leaders in low-grade glioma research, mutant IDH1 biology and its application in glioma research, and treatment. CONCLUSIONS The recent discovery of recurrent gene mutations in low-grade glioma has increased the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in a host of biological activities related to low-grade gliomas. Understanding the role these genetic alterations play in brain cancer initiation and progression will help lead to the development of novel treatment modalities than can be personalized to each patient, thereby helping transform this now often-fatal malignancy into a chronic or even curable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela S Jones
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Tanase C, Albulescu R, Codrici E, Popescu ID, Mihai S, Enciu AM, Cruceru ML, Popa AC, Neagu AI, Necula LG, Mambet C, Neagu M. Circulating biomarker panels for targeted therapy in brain tumors. Future Oncol 2015; 11:511-24. [PMID: 25241806 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An important goal of oncology is the development of cancer risk-identifier biomarkers that aid early detection and target therapy. High-throughput profiling represents a major concern for cancer research, including brain tumors. A promising approach for efficacious monitoring of disease progression and therapy could be circulating biomarker panels using molecular proteomic patterns. Tailoring treatment by targeting specific protein-protein interactions and signaling networks, microRNA and cancer stem cell signaling in accordance with tumor phenotype or patient clustering based on biomarker panels represents the future of personalized medicine for brain tumors. Gathering current data regarding biomarker candidates, we address the major challenges surrounding the biomarker field of this devastating tumor type, exploring potential perspectives for the development of more effective predictive biomarker panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Tanase
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Biochemistry-Proteomics Department, no 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Sector 5 Bucharest, Romania
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Bai Y, Zhang QG, Wang XH. Downregulation of TES by hypermethylation in glioblastoma reduces cell apoptosis and predicts poor clinical outcome. Eur J Med Res 2014; 19:66. [PMID: 25498217 PMCID: PMC4279594 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-014-0066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common human brain tumors. Glioblastoma, also known as glioblastoma multiform (GBM), is the most aggressive, malignant, and lethal glioma. The investigation of prognostic and diagnostic molecular biomarkers in glioma patients to provide direction on clinical practice is urgent. Recent studies demonstrated that abnormal DNA methylation states play a key role in the pathogenesis of this kind of tumor. In this study, we want to identify a novel biomarker related to glioma initiation and find the role of the glioma-related gene. METHODS We performed a methylation-specific microarray on the promoter region to identify methylation gene(s) that may affect outcome of GBM patients. Normal and GBM tissues were collected from Tiantan Hospital. Genomic DNA was extracted from these tissues and analyzed with a DNA promoter methylation microarray. Testis derived transcript (TES) protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded patient tissues. Western blotting was used to detect TES protein expression in the GBM cell line U251 with or without 5-aza-dC treatment. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis using Annexin V/PI staining. RESULTS We found that the TES promoter was hypermethylated in GBM compared to normal brain tissues under DNA promoter methylation microarray analysis. The GBM patients with TES hypermethylation had a short overall survival (P <0.05, log-rank test). Among GBM samples, reduced TES protein level was detected in 33 (89.2%) of 37 tumor tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Down regulation of TES was also correlated with worse patient outcome (P <0.05, log-rank test). Treatment on the GBM cell line U251 with 5-aza-dC can greatly increase TES expression, confirming the hypermethylation of TES promoter in GBM. Up-regulation of TES prompts U251 apoptosis significantly. This study demonstrated that both TES promoter hypermethylation and down-regulated protein expression significantly correlated with worse patient outcome. Treatment on the GBM cell line (U251) with 5-aza-dC can highly release TES expression resulting in significant apoptosis in these cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the TES gene is a novel tumor suppressor gene and might represent a valuable prognostic marker for glioblastoma, indicating a potential target for future GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Blood transfusion, The Central Hospital of China Aerospace Corporation, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Quan-Geng Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xin-Hua Wang
- Department of Blood transfusion, The Central Hospital of China Aerospace Corporation, Beijing, 100049, China.
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The tumor suppressor prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is regulated by mutant IDH1 and kills glioma stem cells. Acta Neuropathol 2014; 128:723-32. [PMID: 25135281 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-014-1334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is an endogenous tumor suppressor that selectively induces apoptosis in a variety of cancers. Although it has been the subject of intensive research in other cancers, less is known about its significance in gliomas, including whether it is regulated by key driver mutations, has therapeutic potential against glioma stem cells (GSCs), and/or is a prognostic marker. We found that patient-derived gliomas with mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 have markedly lower Par-4 expression (P < 0.0001), which was validated by The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset (P = 2.0 E-13). The metabolic product of mutant IDH1, D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), can suppress Par-4 transcription in vitro via inhibition of promoter activity as well as enhanced mRNA degradation, but interestingly not by direct DNA promoter hypermethylation. The Selective for Apoptosis induction in Cancer cells (SAC) domain within Par-4 is highly active against glioma cells, including orthotopic xenografts of patient-derived primary GSCs (P < 0.0001). Among high-grade gliomas that are IDH1 wild type, those that express more Par-4 have significantly longer median survival (18.4 vs. 8.0 months, P = 0.002), a finding confirmed in two external GBM cohorts. Together, these data suggest that Par-4 is a significant component of the mutant IDH1 phenotype, that the activity of 2-HG is complex and can extend beyond direct DNA hypermethylation, and that Par-4 is a promising therapeutic strategy against GSCs. Furthermore, not every effect of mutant IDH1 necessarily contributes to the overall favorable prognosis seen in such tumors; inhibition of Par-4 may be one such effect.
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Li S, Chowdhury R, Liu F, Chou AP, Li T, Mody RR, Lou JJ, Chen W, Reiss J, Soto H, Prins R, Liau LM, Mischel PS, Nghiemphu PL, Yong WH, Cloughesy TF, Lai A. Tumor-suppressive miR148a is silenced by CpG island hypermethylation in IDH1-mutant gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:5808-22. [PMID: 25224277 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE IDH1/2-mutant gliomas harbor a distinct glioma-CpG island methylation phenotype (G-CIMP) that may promote the initiation and progression of secondary pathway gliomas by silencing tumor-suppressive genes. The potential role of tumor-suppressive microRNAs (miRNA; miR) in this process is not understood. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To identify potential tumor-suppressive miRNA hypermethylated in glioma, the methylation profiles of IDH1/2(WT) gliomas (n = 11) and IDH1(MUT) glioma (n = 20) were compared by using massively parallel reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS). The methylation status of selected miRNA was validated by using targeted bisulfite sequencing (BiSEQ) in a large cohort of glioma tissue samples including 219 IDH1(WT) and 72 IDH1/2(MUT) samples. The expression of selected miRNAs was determined by using the TaqMan qPCR. Functional analyses of miR148a were conducted and target genes were identified. RESULTS We identify miR148a as a novel, G-CIMP-associated miRNA whose methylation is tightly correlated with IDH1 mutation and associated with improved survival in patients with malignant glioma. We confirm that downregulation of miR148a can occur via DNA methylation. We demonstrate that IDH1 mutation provides a mechanism of miR148a methylation and downregulation, and that restoration of miR148a reduced tumorigenic properties of glioma cells, possibly by targeting DNMT1. CONCLUSIONS We identify miR148a as a novel G-CIMP-associated miRNA, and provide results suggesting that miR148a restoration may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichen Li
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Reshmi Chowdhury
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Arthur P Chou
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tie Li
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Reema R Mody
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jerry J Lou
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Weidong Chen
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jean Reiss
- Department of Pathology & Lab Med-Clinical Labs, UCLA Health System, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Horacio Soto
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert Prins
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linda M Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Paul S Mischel
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Phioanh L Nghiemphu
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology & Lab Med-Clinical Labs, UCLA Health System, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Timothy F Cloughesy
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Albert Lai
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
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Borodovsky A, Salmasi V, Turcan S, Fabius AWM, Baia GS, Eberhart CG, Weingart JD, Gallia GL, Baylin SB, Chan TA, Riggins GJ. 5-azacytidine reduces methylation, promotes differentiation and induces tumor regression in a patient-derived IDH1 mutant glioma xenograft. Oncotarget 2014; 4:1737-47. [PMID: 24077805 PMCID: PMC3858560 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) are frequent in low grade and progressive gliomas and are characterized by the production of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) from α-ketoglutarate by the mutant enzyme. 2-HG is an “oncometabolite” that competitively inhibits α-KG dependent dioxygenases resulting in various widespread cellular changes including abnormal hypermethylation of genomic DNA and suppression of cellular differentiation. Despite the growing understanding of IDH mutant gliomas, the development of effective therapies has proved challenging in part due to the scarcity of endogenous mutant in vivo models. Here we report the generation of an endogenous IDH1 anaplastic astrocytoma model which rapidly grows in vivo, produces 2-HG and exhibits DNA hypermethylation. Using this model, we have demonstrated the preclinical efficacy and mechanism of action of the FDA approved demethylating drug 5-azacytidine in vivo. Long term administration of 5-azacytidine resulted in reduction of DNA methylation of promoter loci, induction of glial differentiation, reduction of cell proliferation and a significant reduction in tumor growth. Tumor regression was observed at 14 weeks and subsequently showed no signs of re-growth at 7 weeks despite discontinuation of therapy. These results have implications for clinical trials of demethylating agents for patients with IDH mutated gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Borodovsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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C-terminally truncated form of αB-crystallin is associated with IDH1 R132H mutation in anaplastic astrocytoma. J Neurooncol 2014; 117:53-65. [PMID: 24473683 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-014-1371-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most common human primary brain tumors. Point mutation of amino acid arginine 132 to histidine (R132H) in the IDH1 protein leads to an enzymatic gain-of-function and is thought to promote gliomagenesis. Little is known about the downstream effects of the IDH1 mutation on protein expression and how and whether changes in protein expression are involved in tumor formation or propagation. In the current study, we used 2D DIGE (difference gel electrophoresis) and mass spectrometry to analyze differences in protein expression between IDH1(R132H) mutant and wild type anaplastic (grade III) astrocytoma from human brain cancer tissues. We show that expression levels of many proteins are altered in IDH1(R132H) mutant anaplastic astrocytoma. Some of the most over-expressed proteins in the mutants include several forms of αB-crystallin, a small heat-shock and anti-apoptotic protein. αB-crystallin proteins are elevated up to 22-fold in IDH1(R132H) mutant tumors, and αB-crystallin expression appears to be controlled at the post-translational level. We identified the most abundant form of αB-crystallin as a low molecular weight species that is C-terminally truncated. We also found that overexpression of αB-crystallin can be induced by transfecting U251 human glioblastoma cell lines with the IDH1(R132H) mutation. In conclusion, the association of a C-terminally truncated form of αB-crystallin protein with the IDH1(R132H) mutation is a novel finding that could impact apoptosis and stress response in IDH1 mutant glioma.
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Debata PR, Curcio GM, Mukherjee S, Banerjee P. Causal Factors for Brain Tumor and Targeted Strategies. SPRINGER PROCEEDINGS IN PHYSICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-02207-9_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mur P, Mollejo M, Ruano Y, de Lope ÁR, Fiaño C, García JF, Castresana JS, Hernández-Laín A, Rey JA, Meléndez B. Codeletion of 1p and 19q determines distinct gene methylation and expression profiles in IDH-mutated oligodendroglial tumors. Acta Neuropathol 2013; 126:277-89. [PMID: 23689617 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-013-1130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendroglial tumors (OTs) are primary brain tumors that show variable clinical and biological behavior. The 1p/19q codeletion is frequent in these tumors, indicating a better prognosis and/or treatment response. Recently, the prognostically favorable CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in gliomas (G-CIMP+) was associated with mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH) genes, as opposed to G-CIMP- tumors, highlighting the relevance of epigenetic mechanisms. We performed a whole-genome methylation study in 46 OTs, and a gene expression study of 25 tumors, correlating the methylation and transcriptomic profiles with molecular and clinical variables. Here, we identified two different epigenetic patterns within the previously described main G-CIMP+ profile. Both IDH mutation-associated methylation profiles featured one group of OTs with 1p/19q loss (CD-CIMP+), most of which were pure oligodendrogliomas, and a second group with intact 1p/19q and frequent TP53 mutation (CIMP+), most of which exhibited a mixed histopathology. A third group of OTs lacking the CIMP profile (CIMP-), and with a wild-type IDH and an intact 1p/19q, similar to the G-CIMP- subgroup, was also observed. The three CIMP groups presented a significantly better (CD-CIMP+), intermediate (CIMP+) or worse (CIMP-) prognosis. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses revealed CIMP-specific gene expression signatures, indicating the impact of genetic status (IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, TP53 mutation) on gene expression, and pointing to candidate biomarkers. Therefore, the CIMP profiles contributed to the identification of subgroups of OTs characterized by different prognoses, histopathologies, molecular features and gene expression signatures, which may help in the classification of OTs.
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