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Fonódi M, Nagy L, Boratkó A. Role of Protein Phosphatases in Tumor Angiogenesis: Assessing PP1, PP2A, PP2B and PTPs Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6868. [PMID: 38999976 PMCID: PMC11241275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels to support tumor growth and metastasis, is a complex process regulated by a multitude of signaling pathways. Dysregulation of signaling pathways involving protein kinases has been extensively studied, but the role of protein phosphatases in angiogenesis within the tumor microenvironment remains less explored. However, among angiogenic pathways, protein phosphatases play critical roles in modulating signaling cascades. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the involvement of protein phosphatases in tumor angiogenesis, highlighting their diverse functions and mechanisms of action. Protein phosphatases are key regulators of cellular signaling pathways by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of proteins, thereby modulating their activity and function. This review aims to assess the activity of the protein tyrosine phosphatases and serine/threonine phosphatases. These phosphatases exert their effects on angiogenic signaling pathways through various mechanisms, including direct dephosphorylation of angiogenic receptors and downstream signaling molecules. Moreover, protein phosphatases also crosstalk with other signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis, further emphasizing their significance in regulating tumor vascularization, including endothelial cell survival, sprouting, and vessel maturation. In conclusion, this review underscores the pivotal role of protein phosphatases in tumor angiogenesis and accentuate their potential as therapeutic targets for anti-angiogenic therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita Boratkó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.F.); (L.N.)
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Wang Y, Chen T, Li K, Mu W, Liu Z, Shi A, Liu J, Zhao W, Lian S, Huang S, Pan C, Zhang Z. Recent Advances in the Mechanism Research and Clinical Treatment of Anti-Angiogenesis in Biliary Tract Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:777617. [PMID: 34778094 PMCID: PMC8581488 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.777617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and gallbladder cancer (GC), are malignancies originating from the biliary tract with poor prognosis. In the early stage of BTCs, surgery is the only choice for cure. Unfortunately, most patients with BTC are diagnosed at an advanced stage and lose the opportunity for surgery. For many advanced solid tumors, antiangiogenic therapy has achieved encouraging results. While most clinical studies on antiangiogenic therapy in advanced BTCs have shown an excellent disease control rate (DCR), the improvement in overall survival (OS) is controversial. Understanding how the relevant signaling molecules influence the angiogenic response and the functional interaction is necessary for the formulation of new treatment regimens and the selection of enrolled patients. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the latest advances in antiangeogenesis for BTCs, mainly focusing on the molecular mechanism of angiogenesis in BTCs and the therapeutic effects from clinical trials. Furthermore, the horizon of antiangiogenesis for BTCs is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianli Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kangshuai Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wentao Mu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zengli Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Anda Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jialiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Lian
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaohui Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Pan
- Department of Emergency, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zongli Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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