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Cheng Y, Zhai Y, Yuan Y, Wang Q, Li S, Sun H. The Contributions of Thrombospondin-1 to Epilepsy Formation. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:658-672. [PMID: 38528256 PMCID: PMC11127911 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neural network disorder caused by uncontrolled neuronal hyperexcitability induced by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory networks. Abnormal synaptogenesis plays a vital role in the formation of overexcited networks. Recent evidence has confirmed that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), mainly secreted by astrocytes, is a critical cytokine that regulates synaptogenesis during epileptogenesis. Furthermore, numerous studies have reported that TSP-1 is also involved in other processes, such as angiogenesis, neuroinflammation, and regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, which are closely associated with the occurrence and development of epilepsy. In this review, we summarize the potential contributions of TSP-1 to epilepsy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yujie Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Shucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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2
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Du Y, Li R, Fu D, Zhang B, Cui A, Shao Y, Lai Z, Chen R, Chen B, Wang Z, Zhang W, Chu L. Multi-omics technologies and molecular biomarkers in brain tumor-related epilepsy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14717. [PMID: 38641945 PMCID: PMC11031674 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain tumors are one of the leading causes of epilepsy, and brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) is recognized as the major cause of intractable epilepsy, resulting in huge treatment cost and burden to patients, their families, and society. Although optimal treatment regimens are available, the majority of patients with BTRE show poor resolution of symptoms. BTRE has a very complex and multifactorial etiology, which includes several influencing factors such as genetic and molecular biomarkers. Advances in multi-omics technologies have enabled to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms and related biomarkers of BTRE. Here, we reviewed multi-omics technology-based research studies on BTRE published in the last few decades and discussed the present status, development, opportunities, challenges, and prospects in treating BTRE. METHODS First, we provided a general review of epilepsy, BTRE, and multi-omics techniques. Next, we described the specific multi-omics (including genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) techniques and related molecular biomarkers for BTRE. We then presented the associated pathogenetic mechanisms of BTRE. Finally, we discussed the development and application of novel omics techniques for diagnosing and treating BTRE. RESULTS Genomics studies have shown that the BRAF gene plays a role in BTRE development. Furthermore, the BRAF V600E variant was found to induce epileptogenesis in the neuronal cell lineage and tumorigenesis in the glial cell lineage. Several genomics studies have linked IDH variants with glioma-related epilepsy, and the overproduction of D2HG is considered to play a role in neuronal excitation that leads to seizure occurrence. The high expression level of Forkhead Box O4 (FOXO4) was associated with a reduced risk of epilepsy occurrence. In transcriptomics studies, VLGR1 was noted as a biomarker of epileptic onset in patients. Several miRNAs such as miR-128 and miRNA-196b participate in BTRE development. miR-128 might be negatively associated with the possibility of tumor-related epilepsy development. The lncRNA UBE2R2-AS1 inhibits the growth and invasion of glioma cells and promotes apoptosis. Quantitative proteomics has been used to determine dynamic changes of protein acetylation in epileptic and non-epileptic gliomas. In another proteomics study, a high expression of AQP-4 was detected in the brain of GBM patients with seizures. By using quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry assay, a study revealed that patients with astrocytomas and oligoastrocytomas showed high BCL2A1 expression and poor seizure control. By performing immunohistochemistry, several studies have reported the relationship between D2HG overproduction and seizure occurrence. Ki-67 overexpression in WHO grade II gliomas was found to be associated with poor postoperative seizure control. According to metabolomics research, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is associated with the development of glioma-related epileptogenesis. Another metabolomics study found that SV2A, P-gb, and CAD65/67 have the potential to function as biomarkers for BTRE. CONCLUSIONS Based on the synthesized information, this review provided new research perspectives and insights into the early diagnosis, etiological factors, and personalized treatment of BTRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqiang Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion MedicineZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Rusong Li
- The Second School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Danqing Fu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Biqin Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of HematologyZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Ailin Cui
- Cancer Center, Department of Ultrasound MedicineZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Yutian Shao
- Zhejiang BioAsia Life Science InstitutePinghuChina
| | - Zeyu Lai
- The Second School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Rongrong Chen
- School of Clinical MedicineHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Bingyu Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion MedicineZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Zhen Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion MedicineZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Second School of Clinical MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lisheng Chu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
- Department of PhysiologyZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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Zhai Y, Cheng Y, Yuan Y, Meng X, Li Y, Wang Y, Ren T, Li S, Sun H. Increased thrombospondin-1 levels contribute to epileptic susceptibility in neonatal hyperthermia without seizures via altered synaptogenesis. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:73. [PMID: 38346981 PMCID: PMC10861539 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01837-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Childhood febrile seizures (FS) represent one of the most common types of seizures and may lead to severe neurological damage and an increased risk of epilepsy. However, most children with fevers do not show clinical manifestations of convulsions, and the consequences of hyperthermia without seizures remain elusive. This study focused on hyperthermia not reaching the individual's seizure threshold (sub-FS stimulus). Changes in thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) levels, synapses, seizure susceptibility, and seizure severity in subsequent FS were investigated in rats exposed to sub-FS stimuli. Pharmacological and genetic interventions were used to explore the role of TSP-1 in sub-FS-induced effects. We found that after sub-FS stimuli, the levels of TSP-1 and synapses, especially excitatory synapses, were concomitantly increased, with increased epilepsy and FS susceptibility. Moreover, more severe neuronal damage was found in subsequent FS. These changes were temperature dependent. Reducing TSP-1 levels by genetic intervention or inhibiting the activation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) by Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu (LSKL) led to lower synapse/excitatory synapse levels, decreased epileptic susceptibility, and attenuated neuronal injury after FS stimuli. Our study confirmed that even without seizures, hyperthermia may promote synaptogenesis, increase epileptic and FS susceptibility, and lead to more severe neuronal damage by subsequent FS. Inhibition of the TSP-1/TGF-β1 pathway may be a new therapeutic target to prevent detrimental sub-FS sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xianfeng Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Tianpu Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Shucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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Tripathi S, Nathan CL, Tate MC, Horbinski CM, Templer JW, Rosenow JM, Sita TL, James CD, Deneen B, Miller SD, Heimberger AB. The immune system and metabolic products in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy: emerging therapeutic directions. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174753. [PMID: 38193532 PMCID: PMC10906461 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy has a profound impact on quality of life. Despite the development of new antiseizure medications (ASMs), approximately one-third of affected patients have drug-refractory epilepsy and are nonresponsive to medical treatment. Nearly all currently approved ASMs target neuronal activity through ion channel modulation. Recent human and animal model studies have implicated new immunotherapeutic and metabolomic approaches that may benefit patients with epilepsy. In this Review, we detail the proinflammatory immune landscape of epilepsy and contrast this with the immunosuppressive microenvironment in patients with glioma-related epilepsy. In the tumor setting, excessive neuronal activity facilitates immunosuppression, thereby contributing to subsequent glioma progression. Metabolic modulation of the IDH1-mutant pathway provides a dual pathway for reversing immune suppression and dampening seizure activity. Elucidating the relationship between neurons and immunoreactivity is an area for the prioritization and development of the next era of ASMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashwat Tripathi
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Craig M. Horbinski
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Pathology, and
| | | | | | - Timothy L. Sita
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles D. James
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Department of Neurological Surgery
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center
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McAfee D, Moyer M, Queen J, Mortazavi A, Boddeti U, Bachani M, Zaghloul K, Ksendzovsky A. Differential metabolic alterations in IDH1 mutant vs. wildtype glioma cells promote epileptogenesis through distinctive mechanisms. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1288918. [PMID: 38026690 PMCID: PMC10680369 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1288918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) is a hallmark clinical presentation of gliomas with significant impacts on patient quality of life. The current standard of care for seizure management is comprised of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) and surgical resection. Seizures in glioma patients are often drug-resistant and can often recur after surgery despite total tumor resection. Therefore, current research is focused on the pro-epileptic pathological changes occurring in tumor cells and the peritumoral environment. One important contribution to seizures in GRE patients is metabolic reprogramming in tumor and surrounding cells. This is most evident by the significantly heightened seizure rate in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutated (IDHmut) tumors compared to patients with IDH wildtype (IDHwt) gliomas. To gain further insight into glioma metabolism in epileptogenesis, this review compares the metabolic changes inherent to IDHmut vs. IDHwt tumors and describes the pro-epileptic effects these changes have on both the tumor cells and the peritumoral environment. Understanding alterations in glioma metabolism can help to uncover novel therapeutic interventions for seizure management in GRE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrian McAfee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mitchell Moyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jaden Queen
- The College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Armin Mortazavi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ujwal Boddeti
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Muzna Bachani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kareem Zaghloul
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alexander Ksendzovsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Li XM, Liu SP, Liu DM, Li Y, Cai XM, Su Y, Xie ZF. Identification of disulfidptosis-related genes and immune infiltration in lower-grade glioma. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230825. [PMID: 37900961 PMCID: PMC10612529 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower-grade glioma (LGG), a prevalent malignant tumor in the central nervous system, requires accurate prediction and treatment to prevent aggressive progression. We aimed to explore the role of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in LGG, a recently discovered form of programmed cell death characterized by abnormal disulfide accumulation. Leveraging public databases, we analyzed 532 LGG tumor tissues (The Cancer Genome Atlas), 1,157 normal samples (Genotype-Tissue Expression), and 21 LGG tumor samples with 8 paired normal samples (GSE16011). Our research uncovered intricate relationships between DRGs and crucial aspects of LGG, including gene expression, immune response, mutation, drug sensitivity, and functional enrichment. Notably, we identified significant heterogeneity among disulfidptosis sub-clusters and elucidated specific differential gene expression in LGG, with myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1) as a key candidate. Machine learning techniques validated the relevance of MCL1, considering its expression patterns, prognostic value, diagnostic potential, and impact on immune infiltration. Our study offers opportunities and challenges to unravel potential mechanisms underlying LGG prognosis, paving the way for personalized cancer care and innovative immunotherapeutic strategies. By shedding light on DRGs, particularly MCL1, we enhance understanding and management of LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-min Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan-peng Liu
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Joint Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-man Liu
- Breast Surgery Clinics, Guangdong Province Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-ming Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-feng Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Kumar K, Dubey V, Zaidi SS, Tripathi M, Siraj F, Sharma MC, Chandra PS, Doddamani R, Dixit AB, Banerjee J. RNA Sequencing of Intraoperative Peritumoral Tissues Reveals Potential Pathways Involved in Glioma-Related Seizures. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:437-447. [PMID: 37268865 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-induced changes in the peritumoral neocortex play a crucial role in generation of seizures. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms potentially involved in peritumoral epilepsy in low-grade gliomas (LGGs). Intraoperative peritumoral brain tissues resected from LGG patients with seizures (pGRS) or without seizures (pGNS) were used for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Comparative transcriptomics was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pGRS compared to pGNS using deseq2 and edgeR packages (R). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) using Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes & Genomes (KEGG) pathways was performed using the clusterProfiler package (R). The expression of key genes was validated at the transcript and protein levels in the peritumoral region using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. A total of 1073 DEGs were identified in pGRS compared to pGNS, of which 559 genes were upregulated and 514 genes were downregulated (log2 fold-change ≥ 2, padj < 0.001). The DEGs in pGRS were highly enriched in the "Glutamatergic Synapse" and "Spliceosome" pathways, with increased expression of GRIN2A (NR2A), GRIN2B (NR2B), GRIA1 (GLUR1), GRIA3 (GLUR3), GRM5, CACNA1C, CACNA1A, and ITPR2. Moreover, increased immunoreactivity was observed for NR2A, NR2B, and GLUR1 proteins in the peritumoral tissues of GRS. These findings suggest that altered glutamatergic signaling and perturbed Ca2+ homeostasis may be potential causes of peritumoral epilepsy in gliomas. This explorative study identifies important genes/pathways that merit further characterization for their potential involvement in glioma-related seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Dubey
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Syeda S Zaidi
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | | | - Fouzia Siraj
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Aparna Banerjee Dixit
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Jyotirmoy Banerjee
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Antitumor Potential of Antiepileptic Drugs in Human Glioblastoma: Pharmacological Targets and Clinical Benefits. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020582. [PMID: 36831117 PMCID: PMC9953000 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by fast-growing cells, genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, and radio-chemo-therapy resistance, contributing to its dismal prognosis. Various medical comorbidities are associated with the natural history of GBM. The most disabling and greatly affecting patients' quality of life are neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, and GBM-related epilepsy (GRE). Hallmarks of GBM include molecular intrinsic mediators and pathways, but emerging evidence supports the key role of non-malignant cells within the tumor microenvironment in GBM aggressive behavior. In this context, hyper-excitability of neurons, mediated by glutamatergic and GABAergic imbalance, contributing to GBM growth strengthens the cancer-nervous system crosstalk. Pathogenic mechanisms, clinical features, and pharmacological management of GRE with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and their interactions are poorly explored, yet it is a potentially promising field of research in cancer neuroscience. The present review summarizes emerging cooperative mechanisms in oncogenesis and epileptogenesis, focusing on the neuron-to-glioma interface. The main effects and efficacy of selected AEDs used in the management of GRE are discussed in this paper, as well as their potential beneficial activity as antitumor treatment. Overall, although still many unclear processes overlapping in GBM growth and seizure onset need to be elucidated, this review focuses on the intriguing targeting of GBM-neuron mutual interactions to improve the outcome of the so challenging to treat GBM.
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Huang TL, Mei YW, Li Y, Chen X, Yu SX, Kuang YQ, Shu HF. Thrombospondin-2 promotes the proliferation and migration of glioma cells and contributes to the progression of glioma. Chin Neurosurg J 2022; 8:39. [PMID: 36476392 PMCID: PMC9728004 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-022-00308-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas, especially high-grade gliomas, are highly malignant with a poor prognosis. Although existing treatments have improved the survival rate of patients with glioma, the recurrence and mortality rates are still not ideal. The molecular mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of glioma are still poorly understood. We previously reported that thrombospondin-2 (TSP2) expression was increased in tumor specimens from rat models, promoting excitatory synapse formation. However, little is known about the effect of TSP2 on the biological characteristics of glioma. METHODS Glioma and cerebral cortex tissues were collected from 33 patients, and the expression of TSP2 in them was analyzed. Next, the proliferation and migration of TSP2 on glioma cells were analyzed in vitro. At last, a glioma transplantation model was constructed to explore the growth of TSP2 on glioma in vivo. RESULTS The expression of TSP2 in surgical glioma specimens was increased compared to that in the normal cortex. Interestingly, the TSP2 protein level was higher in high-grade glioma (HGG, World Health Organization (WHO) grades 3-4) than in low-grade glioma (LGG, WHO grades 1-2) tissues. Exogenous addition of the TSP2 protein at an appropriate concentration promoted the migration of glioma cells but did not significantly affect their proliferation. Surprisingly, overexpression of TSP2 promoted both the migration and proliferation of cultured glioma cells. Moreover, in vivo experimental data implied that overexpression of TSP2 in C6 cells promoted the malignant growth of gliomas, while knockout of TSP2 slowed glioma growth. CONCLUSIONS TSP2 promotes the migration and proliferation of glioma cells, which may provide new ideas for blocking glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Lan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, No.270 Rongdu Road, Jinniu District, 610083 Chengdu, China ,grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section 1, Second Ring Road, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Wen Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, No.270 Rongdu Road, Jinniu District, 610083 Chengdu, China ,grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section 1, Second Ring Road, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, No.270 Rongdu Road, Jinniu District, 610083 Chengdu, China ,grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section 1, Second Ring Road, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Chen
- grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section 1, Second Ring Road, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Si-Xun Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, No.270 Rongdu Road, Jinniu District, 610083 Chengdu, China ,grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section 1, Second Ring Road, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Qin Kuang
- grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section 1, Second Ring Road, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Feng Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command of PLA, No.270 Rongdu Road, Jinniu District, 610083 Chengdu, China ,grid.263901.f0000 0004 1791 7667College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, No. 111, North Section 1, Second Ring Road, 610031 Chengdu, China
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Yang Y, Schubert MC, Kuner T, Wick W, Winkler F, Venkataramani V. Brain Tumor Networks in Diffuse Glioma. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1832-1843. [PMID: 36357661 PMCID: PMC9723066 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse gliomas are primary brain tumors associated with a poor prognosis. Cellular and molecular mechanisms driving the invasive growth patterns and therapeutic resistance are incompletely understood. The emerging field of cancer neuroscience offers a novel approach to study these brain tumors in the context of their intricate interactions with the nervous system employing and combining methodological toolsets from neuroscience and oncology. Increasing evidence has shown how neurodevelopmental and neuronal-like mechanisms are hijacked leading to the discovery of multicellular brain tumor networks. Here, we review how gap junction-coupled tumor-tumor-astrocyte networks, as well as synaptic and paracrine neuron-tumor networks drive glioma progression. Molecular mechanisms of these malignant, homo- and heterotypic networks, and their complex interplay are reviewed. Lastly, potential clinical-translational implications and resulting therapeutic strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Yang
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), INF 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc C Schubert
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), INF 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, INF 307, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kuner
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, INF 307, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), INF 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), INF 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Varun Venkataramani
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), INF 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Functional Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, INF 307, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Integrative analysis of expression profile indicates the ECM receptor and LTP dysfunction in the glioma-related epilepsy. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:430. [PMID: 35676651 PMCID: PMC9175475 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Seizures are a common symptom in glioma patients, and they can cause brain dysfunction. However, the mechanism by which glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) causes alterations in brain networks remains elusive. Objective To investigate the potential pathogenic mechanism of GRE by analyzing the dynamic expression profiles of microRNA/ mRNA/ lncRNA in brain tissues of glioma patients. Methods Brain tissues of 16 patients with GRE and 9 patients with glioma without epilepsy (GNE) were collected. The total RNA was dephosphorylated, labeled, and hybridized to the Agilent Human miRNA Microarray, Release 19.0, 8 × 60 K. The cDNA was labeled and hybridized to the Agilent LncRNA + mRNA Human Gene Expression Microarray V3.0, 4 × 180 K. The raw data was extracted from hybridized images using Agilent Feature Extraction, and quantile normalization was performed using the Agilent GeneSpring. P-value < 0.05 and absolute fold change > 2 were considered the threshold of differential expression data. Data analyses were performed using R and Bioconductor. Results We found that 3 differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-10a-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-629-3p), 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs (TTN-AS1, LINC00641, SNHG14, LINC00894, SNHG1, OIP5-AS1), and 49 differentially expressed mRNAs play a vitally critical role in developing GRE. The expression of GABARAPL1, GRAMD1B, and IQSEC3 were validated more than twofold higher in the GRE group than in the GNE group in the validation cohort. Pathways including ECM receptor interaction and long-term potentiation (LTP) may contribute to the disease’s progression. Meanwhile, We built a lncRNA-microRNA-Gene regulatory network with structural and functional significance. Conclusion These findings can offer a fresh perspective on GRE-induced brain network changes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08665-8.
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Li L, Zhang C, Wang Z, Guo Y, Wang Y, Fan X, Jiang T. Expression changes in ion channel and immunity genes are associated with glioma-related epilepsy in patients with diffuse gliomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2793-2802. [PMID: 35581384 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) is a common symptom in patients with diffuse gliomas. However, the underlying mechanisms of GRE remain unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the underlying epileptogenic mechanisms of GRE through RNA sequencing analysis. METHODS Demographic, RNA sequencing, and follow-up data of 643 patients were reviewed. Patients were divided into test and validation groups (223 and 420 patients, respectively) by different time periods for RNA sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with preoperative GRE were identified using R software. Functional enrichment analysis was subsequently performed, and tissue-infiltrating immune cells were also estimated. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted to further identify key modules exhibiting the highest correlation with preoperative GRE. Overlapping genes between the DEG set and key gene set identified by WGCNA were selected and verified in the validation cohort. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was then constructed to identify hub genes for preoperative GRE. RESULTS A total of 219 DEGs were identified, among which 112 were upregulated and 107 downregulated in patients with GRE. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that upregulated DEGs were related to ion channel activity, while downregulated genes were related to immunity. Forty-two genes were further selected from overlapping DEGs and the key gene set. Among these genes, 31 genes showed significant differences in the validation cohort. Finally, the PPI network analysis identified six genes, including SCN3B, KCNIP2, KCNJ11, VEGFA, MMP9, and ANXA2, as hub genes for GRE. CONCLUSION The current study revealed that ion channel activity and immunity dysfunction in diffuse glioma patients contributed to the occurrence of GRE, and SCN3B might be a shared therapeutic target for both diffuse gliomas and GRE. These findings could improve the understanding of the mechanisms of GRE and promote individualized medications for glioma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianwang Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Guo
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Fan
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.
- Research Units of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Tumors and Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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Glioma facilitates the epileptic and tumor-suppressive gene expressions in the surrounding region. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6805. [PMID: 35474103 PMCID: PMC9042955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with glioma often demonstrate epilepsy. We previously found burst discharges in the peritumoral area in patients with malignant brain tumors during biopsy. Therefore, we hypothesized that the peritumoral area may possess an epileptic focus and that biological alterations in the peritumoral area may cause epileptic symptoms in patients with glioma. To test our hypothesis, we developed a rat model of glioma and characterized it at the cellular and molecular levels. We first labeled rat C6 glioma cells with tdTomato, a red fluorescent protein (C6-tdTomato), and implanted them into the somatosensory cortex of VGAT-Venus rats, which specifically expressed Venus, a yellow fluorescent protein in GABAergic neurons. We observed that the density of GABAergic neurons was significantly decreased in the peritumoral area of rats with glioma compared with the contralateral healthy side. By using a combination technique of laser capture microdissection and RNA sequencing (LCM-seq) of paraformaldehyde-fixed brain sections, we demonstrated that 19 genes were differentially expressed in the peritumoral area and that five of them were associated with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders. In addition, the canonical pathways actively altered in the peritumoral area were predicted to cause a reduction in GABAergic neurons. These results suggest that biological alterations in the peritumoral area may be a cause of glioma-related epilepsy.
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Silva M, Vivancos C, Duffau H. The Concept of «Peritumoral Zone» in Diffuse Low-Grade Gliomas: Oncological and Functional Implications for a Connectome-Guided Therapeutic Attitude. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040504. [PMID: 35448035 PMCID: PMC9032126 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGGs) are heterogeneous and poorly circumscribed neoplasms with isolated tumor cells that extend beyond the margins of the lesion depicted on MRI. Efforts to demarcate the glioma core from the surrounding healthy brain led us to define an intermediate region, the so-called peritumoral zone (PTZ). Although most studies about PTZ have been conducted on high-grade gliomas, the purpose here is to review the cellular, metabolic, and radiological characteristics of PTZ in the specific context of DLGG. A better delineation of PTZ, in which glioma cells and neural tissue strongly interact, may open new therapeutic avenues to optimize both functional and oncological results. First, a connectome-based “supratotal” surgical resection (i.e., with the removal of PTZ in addition to the tumor core) resulted in prolonged survival by limiting the risk of malignant transformation, while improving the quality of life, thanks to a better control of seizures. Second, the timing and order of (neo)adjuvant medical treatments can be modulated according to the pattern of peritumoral infiltration. Third, the development of new drugs specifically targeting the PTZ could be considered from an oncological (such as immunotherapy) and epileptological perspective. Further multimodal investigations of PTZ are needed to maximize long-term outcomes in DLGG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Silva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Garcia de Orta, 2805-267 Almada, Portugal;
| | - Catalina Vivancos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 34295 Montpellier, France
- Team “Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors”, Institute of Functional Genomics, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1191, University of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence:
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HMGB1-RAGE Pathway Contributes to the Abnormal Migration of Endogenous Subventricular Zone Neural Progenitors in an Experimental Model of Focal Microgyria. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:56-68. [PMID: 34373986 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01891-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal migration of subventricular zone (SVZ)-derived neural progenitor cells (SDNPs) is involved in the pathological and epileptic processes of focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs), but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Recent studies indicated that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are widely expressed in epileptic specimens of FCDs, which suggests that the HMGB1-RAGE pathway is involved in the pathological and/or epileptic processes of FCDs. The present study used Nestin-GFPtg/+ transgenic mice, and we established a model of freezing lesion (FL), as described in our previous report. A "migrating stream" composed of GFP-Nestin+ SDNPs was derived from the SVZ region and migrated to the cortical FL area. We found that translocated HMGB1 and RAGE were expressed in cortical lesion in a clustered distribution pattern, which was especially obvious in the early stage of FL compared to the sham group. Notably, the number of GFP-Nestin+ SDNPs within the "migrating stream" was significantly decreased when the HMGB1-RAGE pathway was blocked by a RAGE antagonist or deletion of the RAGE gene. The absence of RAGE also decreased the activity of pentylenetetrazol-induced cortical epileptiform discharge. In summary, this study provided experimental evidence that the levels of extranuclear HMGB1 and its receptor RAGE were increased in cortical lesion in the early stage of the FL model. Activation of the HMGB1-RAGE pathway may contribute to the abnormal migration of SDNPs and the hyperexcitability of cortical lesion in the FL model.
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