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Le BCT, Ekalaksananan T, Thaewnongiew K, Phanthanawiboon S, Aromseree S, Phanitchat T, Chuerduangphui J, Suwannatrai AT, Alexander N, Overgaard HJ, Bangs MJ, Pientong C. Interepidemic Detection of Chikungunya Virus Infection and Transmission in Northeastern Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 103:1660-1669. [PMID: 32700661 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya fever is a viral mosquito-borne, acute febrile illness associated with rash, joint pain, and occasionally prolonged polyarthritis. Chikungunya outbreaks have been reported worldwide including many provinces of Thailand. Although chikungunya virus (CHIKV) occurs in Thailand, details on its epidemiology are lacking compared with dengue, a common mosquito-borne disease in the country. Therefore, study on CHIKV and its epidemiology in both humans and mosquitoes is required to better understand its importance clinically and dynamics in community settings. So a prospective examination of virus circulation in human and mosquito populations in northeastern Thailand using serological and molecular methods, including the genetic characterization of the virus, was undertaken. The study was conducted among febrile patients in eight district hospitals in northeastern Thailand from June 2016 to October 2017. Using real-time PCR on the conserved region of nonstructural protein 1 gene, CHIKV was detected in eight (4.9%) of 161 plasma samples. Only one strain yielded a sequence of sufficient size allowing for phylogenetic analysis. In addition, anti-CHIKV IgM and IgG were detected in six (3.7%) and 17 (10.6%) patient plasma samples. The single sequenced sample belonged to the East/Central/South Africa (ECSA) genotype and was phylogenetically similar to the Indian Ocean sub-lineage. Adult Aedes mosquitoes were collected indoors and within a 100-m radius from the index case house and four neighboring houses. CHIKV was detected in two of 70 (2.9%) female Aedes aegypti mosquito pools. This study clearly demonstrated the presence and local transmission of the ECSA genotype of CHIKV in the northeastern region of Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Chi Thi Le
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam.,Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tipaya Ekalaksananan
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kesorn Thaewnongiew
- Department of Disease Control, Office of Disease Prevention and Control, Region 7 Khon Kaen Ministry of Public Health, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Sirinart Aromseree
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thipruethai Phanitchat
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Neal Alexander
- MRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hans J Overgaard
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.,Public Health & Malaria Control, PT Freeport Indonesia/International SOS, Kuala Kencana, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Chamsai Pientong
- Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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