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Li F, Cui C, Li C, Yu Y, Zeng Q, Li X, Zhao W, Dong J, Gao X, Xiang J, Zhang D, Wen S, Yang M. Cytology, metabolomics, and proteomics reveal the grain filling process and quality difference of wheat. Food Chem 2024; 457:140130. [PMID: 38943917 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Comparative proteomics and non-target metabolomics, together with physiological and microstructural analyses of wheat grains (at 15, 20, 25, and 30 days after anthesis) from two different quality wheat varieties (Gaoyou 5766 (strong-gluten) and Zhoumai 18) were performed to illustrate the grain filling material dynamics and to search for quality control genes. The differential expressions of 1541 proteins and 406 metabolites were found. They were mostly engaged in protein metabolism, stress/defense, energy metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, and the metabolism of stored proteins and carbohydrates was the major focus of the latter stages. The core proteins and metabolites in the growth process were identified, and the candidate genes for quality differences were screened. In conclusion, this study offers a molecular explanation for the establishment of wheat quality, and it aids in our understanding of the intricate metabolic network between different qualities of wheat at the filling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chao Cui
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yan Yu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Quan Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wanchun Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jian Dong
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jishan Xiang
- Yili Normal University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Lavender Conservation and Utilization, Yili 830500, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- Yili Normal University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Lavender Conservation and Utilization, Yili 830500, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shanshan Wen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Mingming Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Wheat Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China.
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Fu C, Zhou Y, Liu A, Chen R, Yin L, Li C, Mao H. Genome-wide association study for seedling heat tolerance under two temperature conditions in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:430. [PMID: 38773371 PMCID: PMC11107014 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the greenhouse effect intensifies, global temperatures are steadily increasing, posing a challenge to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. It is imperative to comprehend the mechanism of high temperature tolerance in wheat and implement breeding programs to identify and develop heat-tolerant wheat germplasm and cultivars. RESULTS To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to heat stress tolerance (HST) at seedling stage in wheat, a panel of 253 wheat accessions which were re-sequenced used to conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using the factored spectrally transformed linear mixed models (FaST-LMM). For most accessions, the growth of seedlings was found to be inhibited under heat stress. Analysis of the phenotypic data revealed that under heat stress conditions, the main root length, total root length, and shoot length of seedlings decreased by 47.46%, 49.29%, and 15.19%, respectively, compared to those in normal conditions. However, 17 varieties were identified as heat stress tolerant germplasm. Through GWAS analysis, a total of 115 QTLs were detected under both heat stress and normal conditions. Furthermore, 15 stable QTL-clusters associated with heat response were identified. By combining gene expression, haplotype analysis, and gene annotation information within the physical intervals of the 15 QTL-clusters, two novel candidate genes, TraesCS4B03G0152700/TaWRKY74-B and TraesCS4B03G0501400/TaSnRK3.15-B, were responsive to temperature and identified as potential regulators of HST in wheat at the seedling stage. CONCLUSIONS This study conducted a detailed genetic analysis and successfully identified two genes potentially associated with HST in wheat at the seedling stage, laying a foundation to further dissect the regulatory mechanism underlying HST in wheat under high temperature conditions. Our finding could serve as genomic landmarks for wheat breeding aimed at improving adaptation to heat stress in the face of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ankui Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Rui Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Cong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hailiang Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Le Roux R, Furusho-Percot C, Deswarte JC, Bancal MO, Chenu K, de Noblet-Ducoudré N, de Cortázar-Atauri IG, Durand A, Bulut B, Maury O, Décome J, Launay M. Mapping the race between crop phenology and climate risks for wheat in France under climate change. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8184. [PMID: 38589535 PMCID: PMC11001926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58826-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change threatens food security by affecting the productivity of major cereal crops. To date, agroclimatic risk projections through indicators have focused on expected hazards exposure during the crop's current vulnerable seasons, without considering the non-stationarity of their phenology under evolving climatic conditions. We propose a new method for spatially classifying agroclimatic risks for wheat, combining high-resolution climatic data with a wheat's phenological model. The method is implemented for French wheat involving three GCM-RCM model pairs and two emission scenarios. We found that the precocity of phenological stages allows wheat to avoid periods of water deficit in the near future. Nevertheless, in the coming decades the emergence of heat stress and increasing water deficit will deteriorate wheat cultivation over the French territory. Projections show the appearance of combined risks of heat and water deficit up to 4 years per decade under the RCP 8.5 scenario. The proposed method provides a deep level of information that enables regional adaptation strategies: the nature of the risk, its temporal and spatial occurrence, and its potential combination with other risks. It's a first step towards identifying potential sites for breeding crop varieties to increase the resilience of agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marie-Odile Bancal
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR Ecosys, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Karine Chenu
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, 13 Holberton Street, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia
| | - Nathalie de Noblet-Ducoudré
- Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, LSCE/IPSL, 91191, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | - Burak Bulut
- Commissariat à l'Energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, LSCE/IPSL, 91191, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
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4
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Wang X, Liu Y, Hao C, Li T, Majeed U, Liu H, Li H, Hou J, Zhang X. Wheat NAC-A18 regulates grain starch and storage proteins synthesis and affects grain weight. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:123. [PMID: 37147554 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04365-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Wheat NAC-A18 regulates both starch and storage protein synthesis in the grain, and a haplotype with positive effects on grain weight showed increased frequency during wheat breeding in China. Starch and seed storage protein (SSP) directly affect the processing quality of wheat grain. The synthesis of starch and SSP are also regulated at the transcriptional level. However, only a few starch and SSP regulators have been identified in wheat. In this study, we discovered a NAC transcription factor, designated as NAC-A18, which acts as a regulator of both starch and SSP synthesis. NAC-A18, is predominately expressed in wheat developing grains, encodes a transcription factor localized in the nucleus, with both activation and repression domains. Ectopic expression of wheat NAC-A18 in rice significantly decreased starch accumulation and increased SSP accumulation and grain size and weight. Dual-luciferase reporter assays indicated that NAC-A18 could reduce the expression of TaGBSSI-A1 and TaGBSSI-A2, and enhance the expression of TaLMW-D6 and TaLMW-D1. A yeast one hybrid assay demonstrated that NAC-A18 bound directly to the cis-element "ACGCAA" in the promoters of TaLMW-D6 and TaLMW-D1. Further analysis indicated that two haplotypes were formed at NAC-A18, and that NAC-A18_h1 was a favorable haplotype correlated with higher thousand grain weight. Based on limited population data, NAC-A18_h1 underwent positive selection during Chinese wheat breeding. Our study demonstrates that wheat NAC-A18 regulates starch and SSP accumulation and grain size. A molecular marker was developed for the favorable allele for breeding applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yunchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Uzma Majeed
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xueyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Girousse C. Heat shock exposure during early wheat grain development can reduce maximum endosperm cell number but not necessarily final grain dry mass. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285218. [PMID: 37115800 PMCID: PMC10146457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-anthesis heat shocks, which are expected to increase in frequency under climate change, may affect wheat grain development and lead to significant decreases in grain yield. Grain development occurs in three phases, the lag-phase, the filling-phase, and maturation. The growth of the three main compartments of the grain (outer layers (OLs), endosperm, embryo) is staggered, so that heat shocks affect time- and tissue-specific growth processes differentially depending on their timing. We hypothesized that heat shocks during the lag-phase may reduce final grain size, resulting from a reduction in endosperm cell number and/or a restricted OLs growth. Plants were heated for four consecutive days during the lag-phase or the filling-phase or both phases (lag- and filling-). Heat shocks consisted in four hours a day at 38°C and 21°C for the rest of the day. Controlled plants were maintained at 21/14°C (day/night). For each temperature treatment, kinetics of whole grain and compartment masses and dimensions were measured as well as the endosperm cell number. An early heat shock reduced endosperm cell proliferation. However, the growth patterns neither of endosperm nor of OLs were modified compared to controls, resulting in no differences in final grain size. Furthermore, compared to controls, a single heat shock during the filling-phase reduced both the duration and rate of dry mass accumulation into grains, whereas two consecutive shocks reduced the duration but enhanced the rate of dry mass of accumulation, even when endosperm cell number was reduced. The mean endosperm cell size was shown to be larger after early heat shocks. All together, these results suggest a compensatory mechanism exists to regulate endosperm cell size and number. This process might be a new mechanistic target for molecular studies and would improve our understanding of post-anthesis wheat tolerance to heat-shocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Girousse
- INRAE, UCA, UMR 1095 GDEC, 5 Chemin de Beaulieu, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Fang L, Martre P, Jin K, Du X, van der Putten PEL, Yin X, Struik PC. Neglecting acclimation of photosynthesis under drought can cause significant errors in predicting leaf photosynthesis in wheat. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:505-521. [PMID: 36300859 PMCID: PMC10091787 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events, such as heat waves, cold snaps and drought spells, related to global climate change, have become more frequent and intense in recent years. Acclimation of plant physiological processes to changes in environmental conditions is a key component of plant adaptation to climate change. We assessed the temperature response of leaf photosynthetic parameters in wheat grown under contrasting water regimes and growth temperatures (Tgrowth ). Two independent experiments were conducted under controlled conditions. In Experiment 1, two wheat genotypes were subjected to well-watered or drought-stressed treatments; in Experiment 2, the two water regimes combined with high, medium and low Tgrowth were imposed on one genotype. Parameters of a biochemical C3 -photosynthesis model were estimated at six leaf temperatures for each factor combination. Photosynthesis acclimated more to drought than to Tgrowth . Drought affected photosynthesis by lowering its optimum temperature (Topt ) and the values at Topt of light-saturated net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax ) and the maximum rate of carboxylation by Rubisco (Vcmax ). Topt for Vcmax was up to 40°C under well-watered conditions but 24-34°C under drought. The decrease in photosynthesis under drought varied among Tgrowth but was similar between genotypes. The temperature response of photosynthetic quantum yield under drought was partly attributed to photorespiration but more to alternative electron transport. All these changes in biochemical parameters could not be fully explained by the changed leaf nitrogen content. Further model analysis showed that both diffusional and biochemical parameters of photosynthesis and their thermal sensitivity acclimate little to Tgrowth , but acclimate considerably to drought and the combination of drought and Tgrowth . The commonly used modelling approaches, which typically consider the response of diffusional parameters, but ignore acclimation responses of biochemical parameters to drought and Tgrowth , strongly overestimate leaf photosynthesis under variable temperature and drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Fang
- Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Pierre Martre
- LEPSEUniv Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Kaining Jin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Xinmiao Du
- Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Peter E. L. van der Putten
- Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Xinyou Yin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Paul C. Struik
- Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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7
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Naaz S, Rai R, Adhikari D, Kannaujia R, Jamal R, Ansari MA, Ansari I, Pandey V, Barik SK. Bioclimatic modeling and FACE study forecast a bleak future for wheat production in India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 195:48. [PMID: 36315361 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10551-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the impact of future climate change on wheat productivity is inconsistent, we studied geographic distribution and yield of wheat using two global General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Free Air CO2/O3 Enrichment (FACE) experiments. The GCMs (IPSL-CM5A-LR and NIMR-HADGEM2-AO) with four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) and 19 bioclimatic variables were used for distribution/ecological niche modeling (ENM). Currently cultivated eight wheat cultivars were exposed to individual treatment of (i) ambient CO2, temperature, and ozone (ACO + AO + AT) representing the present climate scenario, and (ii) elevated CO2 (550 ppm) (ECO), (iii) elevated temperature (+ 2 °C) (ET), (iv) elevated O3 (ambient + 20 ppb) (EO), (v) elevated CO2 + elevated O3 (ECO + EO), and (vi) elevated CO2 + elevated temperature + elevated O3 (ECO + EO + ET) under FACE facility simulating the future climate change scenarios in 2050. The niche models predicted a reduction in climatically suitable areas for wheat, and identified "maximum temperature" as the most influencing factor for area reduction. The elevated CO2, O3, and temperature individually and in combinations had differential impacts on the yield of wheat cultivars. Only two cultivars, viz., DBW 184 and DBW 187 did not exhibit yield decline suggesting their suitability in the future climate change scenario. Since the performance of six out of eight cultivars significantly declined under simulated FACE experiment, and ENM predicted reduction in wheat cultivation area under RCP 8.5 in 2050, it was concluded that future of wheat cultivation in India is bleak. The study further indicates that coupling of bioclimatic modeling and FACE experiment can effectively predict the impact of climate change on different crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharfa Naaz
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Richa Rai
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dibyendu Adhikari
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rekha Kannaujia
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rushna Jamal
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M A Ansari
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Israil Ansari
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Vivek Pandey
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - S K Barik
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Ma S, Hou J, Wang Y, Wang M, Zhang W, Fan Y, Huang Z. Post-flowering Soil Waterlogging Curtails Grain Yield Formation by Restricting Assimilates Supplies to Developing Grains. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:944308. [PMID: 35812901 PMCID: PMC9262124 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.944308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil waterlogging is among the major factors limiting the grain yield of winter wheat crops in many parts of the world, including the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River China. In a field study, we investigated the relationship between leaf physiology and grain development under a varying duration of post-flowering waterlogging. A winter wheat cultivar Ningmai 13 was exposed to soil waterlogging for 0 (W0), 3 (W3), 6 (W6), and 9 d (W9) at anthesis. Increasing waterlogging duration significantly reduced flag leaf SPAD (soil plant analysis development) values and net photosynthetic rate (Pn). There was a linear reduction in flag leaf Pn and SPAD as plant growth progressed under all treatments; however, the speed of damage was greater in the waterlogged leaves. For example, compared with their respective control (W0), flag leaves of W9 treatment have experienced 46% more reduction in Pn at 21 d after anthesis (DAA) than at 7 DAA. Increasing waterlogging duration also induced oxidative damage in flag leaves, measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. The capacity to overcome this oxidative damage was limited by the poor performance of antioxidant enzymes in wheat leaves. Inhibited leaf Pn and capacity to sustain assimilate synthesis under waterlogged environments reduced grain development. Compared with W0, W6 and W9 plants experienced a 20 and 22% reduction in thousand grain weight (TGW) in response to W6 and W9, respectively at 7 DAA and 11 and 19%, respectively at 28 DAA. Sustained waterlogging also significantly reduced grain number per spike and final grain yield. Averaged across two years of study, W9 plants produced 28% lesser final grain yield than W0 plants. Our study suggested that wheat crops are highly sensitive to soil waterlogging during reproductive and grain filling phases due to their poor capacity to recover from oxidative injury to photosynthesis. Management strategies such as planting time, fertilization and genotype selection should be considered for the areas experiencing frequent waterlogging problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, China
| | - Junyou Hou
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Agricultural Park Management Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengchang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yonghui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhenglai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow and Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, China
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9
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Arenas-M A, Castillo FM, Godoy D, Canales J, Calderini DF. Transcriptomic and Physiological Response of Durum Wheat Grain to Short-Term Heat Stress during Early Grain Filling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010059. [PMID: 35009063 PMCID: PMC8747107 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In a changing climate, extreme weather events such as heatwaves will be more frequent and could affect grain weight and the quality of crops such as wheat, one of the most significant crops in terms of global food security. In this work, we characterized the response of Triticum turgidum L. spp. durum wheat to short-term heat stress (HS) treatment at transcriptomic and physiological levels during early grain filling in glasshouse experiments. We found a significant reduction in grain weight (23.9%) and grain dimensions from HS treatment. Grain quality was also affected, showing a decrease in starch content (20.8%), in addition to increments in grain protein levels (14.6%), with respect to the control condition. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis of durum wheat grains allowed us to identify 1590 differentially expressed genes related to photosynthesis, response to heat, and carbohydrate metabolic process. A gene regulatory network analysis of HS-responsive genes uncovered novel transcription factors (TFs) controlling the expression of genes involved in abiotic stress response and grain quality, such as a member of the DOF family predicted to regulate glycogen and starch biosynthetic processes in response to HS in grains. In summary, our results provide new insights into the extensive transcriptome reprogramming that occurs during short-term HS in durum wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Arenas-M
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile; (A.A.-M.); (F.M.C.)
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Francisca M. Castillo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile; (A.A.-M.); (F.M.C.)
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Diego Godoy
- Plant Production and Plant Protection Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
| | - Javier Canales
- Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile; (A.A.-M.); (F.M.C.)
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago 8331150, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (D.F.C.)
| | - Daniel F. Calderini
- Plant Production and Plant Protection Institute, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (D.F.C.)
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10
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Khan A, Ahmad M, Ahmed M, Gill KS, Akram Z. Association analysis for agronomic traits in wheat under terminal heat stress. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7404-7415. [PMID: 34867044 PMCID: PMC8626334 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminal heat stress leads to irreversible damage in wheat. Marker assisted selection and gene pyramiding for portrayal of heat tolerance. Allelic frequency and polymorphic information showed significant variability. Markers xcfa2147 and xwmc671 could be potentail for heat stress tolerance.
Terminal heat stress causes irreversible damage to wheat crop productivity. It reduces the vegetative growth and flowering period that consequently declines the efficiency to capture available stem reserves (carbohydrates) in grains. Markers associated with thermotolerant traits ease in marker assisted selection (MAS) for crop improvement. It identifies the genomic regions associated with thermotolerant traits in wheat, but the scarcity of markers is the major hindrance in crop improvement. Therefore, 158 wheat genotypes were subjected to genotyping with 165 simple sequence repeat markers dispersed on three genomes (A, B and D). Allelic frequency and polymorphic information content values were highest on genome A (5.34 (14% greater than the lowest value at genome D) and 0.715 (3% greater than the lowest value at genome D)), chromosome 4 (5.40 (16% greater than the lowest value at chromosome 2) and 0.725 (5% greater than the lowest value at chromosome 6)) and marker xgwm44 (13.0 (84% greater than the lowest value at marker xbarc148) and 0.916 (46% greater than the lowest value at marker xbarc148)). Bayesian based population structure discriminated the wheat genotypes into seven groups based on genetic similarity indicating their ancestral origin and geographical ecotype. Linkage disequilibrium pattern had highest significant (P < 0.001) linked loci pairs 732 on genome A at r2 > 0.1 whereas, 58 on genome B at r2 > 0.5. Linkage disequilibrium decay (P < 0.01 and r2 > 0.1) had larger LD block (5–10 cM) on genome A. Highly significant MTAs (P < 0.000061) under heat stress conditions were identified for flag leaf area (xwmc336), spikelet per spike (xwmc553), grains per spike (cxfa2147, xwmc418 and xwmc121), biomass (xbarc7) and grain yield (xcfa2147 and xwmc671). The identified markers in this study could facilitate in MAS and gene pyramiding against heat stress in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Munir Ahmad
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtar Ahmed
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan.,Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 UMEÅ, Sweden
| | - Kulvinder Singh Gill
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 646420, USA
| | - Zahid Akram
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
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