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Chernova T, Ageeva M, Ivanov O, Lev-Yadun S, Gorshkova T. Characterization of the fiber-like cortical cells in moss gametophytes. PLANTA 2024; 259:92. [PMID: 38504021 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Fiber-like cells with thickened cell walls of specific structure and polymer composition that includes (1 → 4)-β-galactans develop in the outer stem cortex of several moss species gametophytes. The early land plants evolved several specialized cell types and tissues that did not exist in their aquatic ancestors. Of these, water-conducting elements and reproductive organs have received most of the research attention. The evolution of tissues specialized to fulfill a mechanical function is by far less studied despite their wide distribution in land plants. For vascular plants following a homoiohydric trajectory, the evolutionary emergence of mechanical tissues is mainly discussed starting with the fern-like plants with their hypodermal sterome or sclerified fibers that have xylan and lignin-based cell walls. However, mechanical challenges were also faced by bryophytes, which lack lignified cell-walls. To characterize mechanical tissues in the bryophyte lineage, following a poikilohydric trajectory, we used six wild moss species (Polytrichum juniperinum, Dicranum sp., Rhodobryum roseum, Eurhynchiadelphus sp., Climacium dendroides, and Hylocomium splendens) and analyzed the structure and composition of their cell walls. In all of them, the outer stem cortex of the leafy gametophytic generation had fiber-like cells with a thickened but non-lignified cell wall. Such cells have a spindle-like shape with pointed tips. The additional thick cell wall layer in those fiber-like cells is composed of sublayers with structural evidence for different cellulose microfibril orientation, and with specific polymer composition that includes (1 → 4)-β-galactans. Thus, the basic cellular characters of the cells that provide mechanical support in vascular plant taxa (elongated cell shape, location at the periphery of a primary organ, the thickened cell wall and its peculiar composition and structure) also exist in mosses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Chernova
- The Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Marina Ageeva
- Microscopy Cabinet, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg Ivanov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Simcha Lev-Yadun
- Department of Biology and Environment, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa-Oranim, 36006, Tivon, Israel
| | - Tatyana Gorshkova
- The Laboratory of Plant Cell Growth Mechanisms, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, Russia
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Bechteler J, Peñaloza-Bojacá G, Bell D, Gordon Burleigh J, McDaniel SF, Christine Davis E, Sessa EB, Bippus A, Christine Cargill D, Chantanoarrapint S, Draper I, Endara L, Forrest LL, Garilleti R, Graham SW, Huttunen S, Lazo JJ, Lara F, Larraín J, Lewis LR, Long DG, Quandt D, Renzaglia K, Schäfer-Verwimp A, Lee GE, Sierra AM, von Konrat M, Zartman CE, Pereira MR, Goffinet B, Villarreal A JC. Comprehensive phylogenomic time tree of bryophytes reveals deep relationships and uncovers gene incongruences in the last 500 million years of diversification. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16249. [PMID: 37792319 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Bryophytes form a major component of terrestrial plant biomass, structuring ecological communities in all biomes. Our understanding of the evolutionary history of hornworts, liverworts, and mosses has been significantly reshaped by inferences from molecular data, which have highlighted extensive homoplasy in various traits and repeated bursts of diversification. However, the timing of key events in the phylogeny, patterns, and processes of diversification across bryophytes remain unclear. METHODS Using the GoFlag probe set, we sequenced 405 exons representing 228 nuclear genes for 531 species from 52 of the 54 orders of bryophytes. We inferred the species phylogeny from gene tree analyses using concatenated and coalescence approaches, assessed gene conflict, and estimated the timing of divergences based on 29 fossil calibrations. RESULTS The phylogeny resolves many relationships across the bryophytes, enabling us to resurrect five liverwort orders and recognize three more and propose 10 new orders of mosses. Most orders originated in the Jurassic and diversified in the Cretaceous or later. The phylogenomic data also highlight topological conflict in parts of the tree, suggesting complex processes of diversification that cannot be adequately captured in a single gene-tree topology. CONCLUSIONS We sampled hundreds of loci across a broad phylogenetic spectrum spanning at least 450 Ma of evolution; these data resolved many of the critical nodes of the diversification of bryophytes. The data also highlight the need to explore the mechanisms underlying the phylogenetic ambiguity at specific nodes. The phylogenomic data provide an expandable framework toward reconstructing a comprehensive phylogeny of this important group of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bechteler
- Nees-Institute for Plant Biodiversity, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Plant Biodiversity and Ecology, iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, RPTU University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Gabriel Peñaloza-Bojacá
- Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David Bell
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
| | - J Gordon Burleigh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Stuart F McDaniel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - E Christine Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Emily B Sessa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Alexander Bippus
- California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, Arcata, CA, 95521, USA
| | - D Christine Cargill
- Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Sahut Chantanoarrapint
- PSU Herbarium, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Isabel Draper
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain/Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Endara
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Laura L Forrest
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Ricardo Garilleti
- Departamento de Botánica y Geología. Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Vicente Andrés Estelles s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Sean W Graham
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Sanna Huttunen
- Herbarium (TUR), Biodiversity Unit, 20014 University of Turku, Finland
| | - Javier Jauregui Lazo
- Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California Davis, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Francisco Lara
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain/Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Larraín
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Avenida Viel 1497, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lily R Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - David G Long
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Dietmar Quandt
- Nees-Institute for Plant Biodiversity, University of Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karen Renzaglia
- Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | | | - Gaik Ee Lee
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment/Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21020 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Adriel M Sierra
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Matt von Konrat
- Gantz Family Collections Center, Field Museum, 1400 S. DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Charles E Zartman
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, CEP 69060-001, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marta Regina Pereira
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Av. Djalma Batista, 2470, Chapada, Manaus, 69050-010, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Bernard Goffinet
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT, 06269-3043, USA
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Woudenberg S, Renema J, Tomescu AMF, De Rybel B, Weijers D. Deep origin and gradual evolution of transporting tissues: Perspectives from across the land plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:85-99. [PMID: 35904762 PMCID: PMC9434249 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of transporting tissues was an important innovation in terrestrial plants that allowed them to adapt to almost all nonaquatic environments. These tissues consist of water-conducting cells and food-conducting cells and bridge plant-soil and plant-air interfaces over long distances. The largest group of land plants, representing about 95% of all known plant species, is associated with morphologically complex transporting tissue in plants with a range of additional traits. Therefore, this entire clade was named tracheophytes, or vascular plants. However, some nonvascular plants possess conductive tissues that closely resemble vascular tissue in their organization, structure, and function. Recent molecular studies also point to a highly conserved toolbox of molecular regulators for transporting tissues. Here, we reflect on the distinguishing features of conductive and vascular tissues and their evolutionary history. Rather than sudden emergence of complex, vascular tissues, plant transporting tissues likely evolved gradually, building on pre-existing developmental mechanisms and genetic components. Improved knowledge of the intimate structure and developmental regulation of transporting tissues across the entire taxonomic breadth of extant plant lineages, combined with more comprehensive documentation of the fossil record of transporting tissues, is required for a full understanding of the evolutionary trajectory of transporting tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandru M F Tomescu
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University–Humboldt, Arcata, California 95521, USA
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