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Zhang Z, Tian H, Li J, Wang D, Wu X. Polyaspartic acid increases potassium content and reduces the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in tobacco leaves. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26383. [PMID: 38444949 PMCID: PMC10912042 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Tobacco is an important cash crop in China, but the low potassium (K) content and high ratio of total sugar to nicotine in tobacco leaves have seriously affected the quality of tobacco leaves. As a fertilizer synergist, polyaspartic acid (PASP) can improve the K content in tobacco leaves, but it is unknown how it affects the K content in different parts of tobacco leaves, and how PASP affects the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in tobacco leaves has not been reported. Therefore, "Zhongyan 100" was selected for pot experiments with 5 different PASP addition levels: CK (0.0 %), P1 (0.1 %), P2 (0.2 %), P3 (0.4 %) and P4 (0.6 %), to reveal the effects of PASP on tobacco growth, K content, sugar content, nicotine content and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in different tobacco parts, and determine the optimal PASP dosage for regulating the K content and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in tobacco. The results showed that P1 (0.1 %) and P2 (0.2 %) only had slighter effects on tobacco growth and quality, while P3 (0.4 %) and P4 (0.6 %)treatments significantly promoted dry matter accumulation, increased K and nicotine content in leaves, decreased reducing sugar and total soluble sugar content in leaves, thereby reducing the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in tobacco leaves, especially in upper leaves. Considering the economic cost savings, 0.4% PASP was determined as the best application level to improve the growth and quality of tobacco. Thus, proper application of PASP is beneficial to improve tobacco leaf quality and reduce chemical K fertilizer application, thereby decreasing agricultural environmental risks of chemical fertilizer and alleviating the rapid depletion of potash in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetao Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinsheng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dian Wang
- Xuchang Branch of Henan Tobacco Company, Xuchang, Henan, China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Mo Z, Luo W, Pi K, Duan L, Wang P, Ke Y, Zeng S, Jia R, Liang T, Huang Y, Liu R. Comparative transcriptome analysis between inbred lines and hybrids provides molecular insights into K + content heterosis of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:940787. [PMID: 35991430 PMCID: PMC9389268 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.940787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is essential for crop growth. Increasing the K+ content can often directly promote the improvement of crop yield and quality. Heterosis plays an important role in genetic improvement and leads to genetic gains. We found that the K+ content of tobacco showed significant heterosis, which is highly significant for cultivating tobacco varieties with high K+ content. However, the mechanism by which K+ content heterosis occurs in tobacco leaves is not clear. In this study, a comprehensive comparative transcriptome sequencing analysis of root samples from the hybrid G70 × GDH11 and its parental inbred lines G70 and GDH11 was performed to elucidate the importance of the root uptake capacity of K+ in the formation of heterosis. The results showed that 29.53% and 60.49% of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exhibited dominant and over-dominant expression patterns, respectively. These non-additive upregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in GO terms, such as metal ion transport and reaction, ion balance and homeostasis, ion channel activity, root meristem growth, and regulation of root hairs. The KEGG annotation results indicated that these genes were mainly involved in the pathways such as energy metabolism, carbohydrate formation, amino acid metabolism, and signal transduction. Further analysis showed that probable potassium transporter 17 (NtKT17) and potassium transporter 5-like (NtKT5), associated with potassium ion absorption, glutamate receptor 2.2-like and glutamate receptor 2.8-like, associated with ion channel activity, LOC107782957, protein detoxification 42-like, and probable glutamate carboxypeptidase 2, associated with root configuration, showed a significantly higher expression in the hybrids. These results indicated that the over-dominant expression pattern of DEGs played a key role in the heterosis of K+ content in tobacco leaves, and the overexpression of the genes related to K+ uptake, transport, and root development in hybrids helped to improve the K+ content of plants, thus showing the phenomenon of heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Mo
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen Luo
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Pi
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lili Duan
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Pingsong Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuzhou Ke
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuaibo Zeng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Rongli Jia
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Liang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Renxiang Liu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Zhu X, Zhang M, Xiao Y, Hsiang T, Hu C, Li J. Systemic fungicidal activity of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid-valine conjugate against tobacco sore shin and its translocation and accumulation in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:1117-1127. [PMID: 34796616 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco sore shin caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a major soil-borne fungal disease of tobacco, gradually causing infected stems to become thin and dry, leading to great losses to China's tobacco industry. Fungicides with phloem mobility are needed for application to foliage to effectively control root or vascular system pathogens. In this study, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid-valine conjugate (PCA-Val) with strong phloem mobility was tested for control of tobacco sore shin. In vitro fungicidal activity, systemicity, and in vivo efficacy of PCA-Val against R. solani in tobacco seedling were evaluated. RESULTS In vitro fungicidal activity of PCA-L-Val against R. solani was lower than that of PCA or PCA-D-Val, but the in vivo protective activity and curative activity of PCA-L-Val was the highest among these chemicals tested. The systemicity tests in tobacco seedlings revealed that PCA did not possess phloem mobility, while PCA-L-Val and PCA-D-Val exhibited strong phloem mobility and could be transported and accumulated in the lower part of the seedling as well as throughout the phloem. In addition, we also found that, just like reported hormone amino acid conjugates, PCA-L-Val could be hydrolyzed by tobacco seedlings, to release free PCA. CONCLUSIONS The current research results indicated that PCA-L-Val possess good phloem transport in tobacco and promising in vivo antifungal activity against R. solani, which can be used as a phloem-mobile fungicide against tobacco sore shin in production practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yongxin Xiao
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Tom Hsiang
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ciyin Hu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Junkai Li
- Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Ishfaq M, Zhong Y, Wang Y, Li X. Magnesium Limitation Leads to Transcriptional Down-Tuning of Auxin Synthesis, Transport, and Signaling in the Tomato Root. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:802399. [PMID: 35003191 PMCID: PMC8733655 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.802399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is becoming a widespread limiting factor for crop production. How crops adapt to Mg limitation remains largely unclear at the molecular level. Using hydroponic-cultured tomato seedlings, we found that total Mg2+ content significantly decreased by ∼80% under Mg limitation while K+ and Ca2+ concentrations increased. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Mg transporters (MRS2/MGTs) constitute a previously uncharacterized 3-clade tree in planta with two rounds of asymmetric duplications, providing evolutionary evidence for further molecular investigation. In adaptation to internal Mg deficiency, the expression of six representative MGTs (two in the shoot and four in the root) was up-regulated in Mg-deficient plants. Contradictory to the transcriptional elevation of most of MGTs, Mg limitation resulted in the ∼50% smaller root system. Auxin concentrations particularly decreased by ∼23% in the Mg-deficient root, despite the enhanced accumulation of gibberellin, cytokinin, and ABA. In accordance with such auxin reduction was overall transcriptional down-regulation of thirteen genes controlling auxin biosynthesis (TAR/YUCs), transport (LAXs, PINs), and signaling (IAAs, ARFs). Together, systemic down-tuning of gene expression in the auxin signaling pathway under Mg limitation preconditions a smaller tomato root system, expectedly stimulating MGT transcription for Mg uptake or translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishfaq
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Vegetable Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexian Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Wang X, Wang B, Song Z, Zhao L, Ruan W, Gao Y, Jia X, Yi K. A spatial-temporal understanding of gene regulatory networks and NtARF-mediated regulation of potassium accumulation in tobacco. PLANTA 2021; 255:9. [PMID: 34846564 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION After tobacco topping, changes in the auxin content could affect K+ uptake by inhibiting the activity of K+ uptake-related genes through the NtARF genes, thus causing changes in K+ content. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is a valuable industrial and commercial crop, and the leaf is its primary product. Topping (removing apical buds) is a common agronomic practice that significantly improves the yield of tobacco leaves. Potassium (K+) plays an important physiological role in tobacco growth and leaf traits, including combustibility, aroma, and safety in cigarette products, and its levels are significantly decreased after topping. Here, to present global spatial-temporal gene expression profiles and gene regulatory networks of the core elements of K+ uptake, leaves and roots from topped and untopped plants at short- and long-term time points after topping were sampled for transcriptome analysis. We found that the wounding response was initiated in leaves in the early stages after topping. Then, in the long term, processes related to metabolism and transcription regulation, as well as ion binding and transport, were altered. The expression profiles showed that core elements of K+ uptake and xylem loading were drastically suppressed in roots after topping. Finally, transient expression experiments confirmed that changes in the auxin content could affect K+ uptake by inhibiting the activity of K+ uptake-related genes through the tobacco auxin response factor (NtARF) genes, thus causing changes in the K+ content. These results suggest that some ARFs could be selected as targets to enhance the expressions of K+ uptake transporters, leading to increment of K+ contents and improvement of leaf quality in tobacco breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bingwu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Zhongbang Song
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Wenyuan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yulong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding, National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, China.
| | - Xianqing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Keke Yi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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Wang Y, Dai X, Xu G, Dai Z, Chen P, Zhang T, Zhang H. The Ca 2+-CaM Signaling Pathway Mediates Potassium Uptake by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis in Tobacco Roots Under Low-K + Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:658609. [PMID: 34163499 PMCID: PMC8216240 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.658609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) deficiency severely threatens crop growth and productivity. Calcium (Ca2+) signaling and its sensors play a central role in the response to low-K+ stress. Calmodulin (CaM) is an important Ca2+ sensor. However, the mechanism by which Ca2+ signaling and CaM mediate the response of roots to low-K+ stress remains unclear. In this study, we found that the K+ concentration significantly decreased in both shoots and roots treated with Ca2+ channel blockers, a Ca2+ chelator, and CaM antagonists. Under low-K+ stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, NAD kinase (NADK), and NADP phosphatase (NADPase) decreased. This indicates that antioxidant enzymes, NADK, and NADPase might be downstream target proteins in the Ca2+-CaM signaling pathway, which facilitates K+ uptake in plant roots by mediating ROS homeostasis under low-K+ stress. Moreover, the expression of NtCNGC3, NtCNGC10, K+ channel genes, and transporter genes was significantly downregulated in blocker-treated, chelator-treated, and antagonist-treated plant roots in the low K+ treatment, suggesting that the Ca2+-CaM signaling pathway may mediate K+ uptake by regulating the expression of these genes. Overall, this study shows that the Ca2+-CaM signaling pathway promotes K+ absorption by regulating ROS homeostasis and the expression of K+ uptake-related genes in plant roots under low-K+ stress.
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Chen L, Yang J, Li X, Liang T, Nie C, Xie F, Liu K, Peng X, Xie J. Carbon nanoparticles enhance potassium uptake via upregulating potassium channel expression and imitating biological ion channels in BY-2 cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:21. [PMID: 31992314 PMCID: PMC6986061 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-0581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) have been reported to boost plant growth, while the mechanism that CNPs enhanced potassium uptake for plant growth has not been reported so far. RESULTS In this study, the function that CNPs promoted potassium uptake in BY-2 cells was established and the potassium accumulated in cells had a significant correlation with the fresh biomass of BY-2 cells. The K+ accumulation in cells increased with the increasing concentration of CNPs. The K+ influx reached high level after treatment with CNPs and was significantly higher than that of the control group and the negative group treated with K+ channels blocker, tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA+). The K+ accumulation was not reduced in the presence of CNPs inhibitors. In the presence of potassium channel blocker TEA+ or CNPs inhibitors, the NKT1 gene expression was changed compared with the control group. The CNPs were found to preferentially transport K+ than other cations determined by rectification of ion current assay (RIC) in a conical nanocapillary. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that CNPs upregulated potassium gene expression to enhance K+ accumulation in BY-2 cells. Moreover, it was speculated that the CNPs simulated protein of ion channels via bulk of carboxyl for K+ permeating. These findings will provide support for improving plant growth by carbon nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jinchu Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Taibo Liang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Cong Nie
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fuwei Xie
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kejian Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Zhang HM, Wheeler SL, Xia X, Colyvas K, Offler CE, Patrick JW. Transcript Profiling Identifies Gene Cohorts Controlled by Each Signal Regulating Trans-Differentiation of Epidermal Cells of Vicia faba Cotyledons to a Transfer Cell Phenotype. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2021. [PMID: 29234338 PMCID: PMC5712318 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Transfer cells (TCs) support high rates of membrane transport of nutrients conferred by a plasma membrane area amplified by lining a wall labyrinth comprised of an uniform wall layer (UWL) upon which intricate wall ingrowth (WI) papillae are deposited. A signal cascade of auxin, ethylene, extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and cytosolic Ca2+ regulates wall labyrinth assembly. To identify gene cohorts regulated by each signal, a RNA- sequencing study was undertaken using Vicia faba cotyledons. When cotyledons are placed in culture, their adaxial epidermal cells spontaneously undergo trans-differentiation to epidermal TCs (ETCs). Expressed genes encoding proteins central to wall labyrinth formation (signaling, intracellular organization, cell wall) and TC function of nutrient transport were assembled. Transcriptional profiles identified 9,742 annotated ETC-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs; Log2fold change > 1; FDR p ≤ 0.05) of which 1,371 belonged to signaling (50%), intracellular organization (27%), cell wall (15%) and nutrient transporters (9%) functional categories. Expression levels of 941 ETC-specific DEGs were found to be sensitive to the known signals regulating ETC trans-differentiation. Significantly, signals acting alone, or in various combinations, impacted similar numbers of ETC-specific DEGs across the four functional gene categories. Amongst the signals acting alone, H2O2 exerted most influence affecting expression levels of 56% of the ETC-specific DEGs followed by Ca2+ (21%), auxin (18%) and ethylene (5%). The dominance by H2O2 was evident across all functional categories, but became more attenuated once trans-differentiation transitioned into WI papillae formation. Amongst the eleven signal combinations, H2O2/Ca2+ elicited the greatest impact across all functional categories accounting for 20% of the ETC-specific DEG cohort. The relative influence of the other signals acting alone, or in various combinations, varied across the four functional categories and two phases of wall labyrinth construction. These transcriptome data provide a powerful information platform from which to examine signal transduction pathways and how these regulate expression of genes encoding proteins engaged in intracellular organization, cell wall construction and nutrient transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Zhang
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon L. Wheeler
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Xue Xia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kim Colyvas
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Christina E. Offler
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - John W. Patrick
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Li J, Zhang H, Lei H, Jin M, Yue G, Su Y. Functional identification of a GORK potassium channel from the ancient desert shrub Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Cheng f. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:803-15. [PMID: 26804987 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A GORK homologue K(+) channel from the ancient desert shrub Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Cheng f. shows the functional conservation of the GORK channels among plant species. Guard cell K(+) release through the outward potassium channels eventually enables the closure of stomata which consequently prevents plant water loss from severe transpiration. Early patch-clamp studies with the guard cells have revealed many details of such outward potassium currents. However, genes coding for these potassium-release channels have not been sufficiently characterized from species other than the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We report here the functional identification of a GORK (for Gated or Guard cell Outward Rectifying K(+) channels) homologue from the ancient desert shrub Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.) Cheng f. AmGORK was primary expressed in shoots, where the transcripts were regulated by stress factors simulated by PEG, NaCl or ABA treatments. Patch-clamp measurements on isolated guard cell protoplasts revealed typical depolarization voltage gated outward K(+) currents sensitive to the extracelluar K(+) concentration and pH, resembling the fundamental properties previously described in other species. Two-electrode voltage-clamp analysis in Xenopus lavies oocytes with AmGORK reconstituted highly similar characteristics as assessed in the guard cells, supporting that the function of AmGORK is consistent with a crucial role in mediating stomatal closure in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus. Furthermore, a single amino acid mutation D297N of AmGORK eventually abolishes both the voltage-gating and its outward rectification and converts the channel into a leak-like channel, indicating strong involvement of this residue in the gating and voltage dependence of AmGORK. Our results obtained from this anciently originated plant support a strong functional conservation of the GORK channels among plant species and maybe also along the progress of revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Li
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huanchao Zhang
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Han Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Man Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guangzhen Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yanhua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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10
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Feng C, Zhang C, Kong F, Wang J. Synthesis of thiodiazole copper microcapsules and release behavior of inhibiting R. solanacearum. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45744c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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11
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Fu Y, Guo H, Cheng Z, Wang R, Li G, Huo G, Liu W. NtNAC-R1, a novel NAC transcription factor gene in tobacco roots, responds to mechanical damage of shoot meristem. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2013; 69:74-81. [PMID: 23728390 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Topping is the important agronomic measure for flue-cured tobacco, and results in increase of the nicotine content in top leaves. Nicotine content is one of the vitals factors for the quality of tobacco leaves. Nicotine is exclusively synthesized in tobacco roots, and then transported to the leaves through the xylem. To investigate the molecular mechanism of increase in nicotine biosynthesis ability following topping, some responses of tobacco roots to topping were analyzed, and the role of NtNAC-R1 in regulating nicotine synthesis and the development of roots was discussed. The electronic cloning technique combined with RT-PCR was successfully used to clone NtNAC-R1 from tobacco roots. The number of lateral root and nicotine contents in tobacco roots increased following topping. Although spraying MeJA on leaves had no effects on the root phenotype, the nicotine contents and the expression of PMT increased markedly. The miR164 was down-regulated, and NtNAC-R1 was up-regulated in tobacco roots after topping. PMT and ODC were down-regulated in transgenic tobacco with antisense NtNAC-R1, and PMT was up-regulated in transgenic tobacco with over-expressed NtNAC-R1. In conclusion, topping can induce the decrease of miR164 and the increase of IAA content in roots, which up-regulate the expression of NtNAC-R1, resulting in the increase of lateral roots and nicotine contents. Meanwhile, topping is a mechanical wounding which can induce JA signal, and JA can enhance nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco roots. So the increase of nicotine biosynthesis ability would be related to cross-talking of JA and auxin signaling pathway after topping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of National Tobacco Cultivation, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Guo Y, Liu H, Yang Z, Chen J, Sun Y, Ren X. Identification and characterization of miRNAome in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by deep sequencing combined with microarray. Gene 2012; 501:24-32. [PMID: 22575711 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco is one of the most important economic and agricultural crops worldwide. miRNAs have been increasingly acknowledged for their important roles in different biological processes of tobacco. However, few miRNAs have been identified so far in tobacco impeding the development of new tobacco strains with better properties. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to identify novel tobacco miRNAs. A total of 84 potential miRNAs were obtained in tobacco, including 33 conserved and 51 novel miRNAs. Tissue-specific and topping-related miRNAs were identified. A tobacco miRNA microarray was also constructed to investigate miRNA expression patterns in different tissues, and their expression patterns were further validated by qRT-PCR and Northern Blot. Finally, the potential targets of these miRNAs were predicted based on a sequence homology search. Thus, in the current study, we have performed the comprehensive analysis of tobacco miRNAs, including their identification, expression pattern and target prediction. Our study opens a new avenue for further elucidation for their roles underlying the regulation of diversity of physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Guo
- Guizhou Institute of Tobacco Science, Yuntanbei Road, Jinyang District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550081, PR China
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Wang Y, He L, Li HD, Xu J, Wu WH. Potassium channel α-subunit AtKC1 negatively regulates AKT1-mediated K+ uptake in Arabidopsis roots under low-K+ stress. Cell Res 2010; 20:826-37. [DOI: 10.1038/cr.2010.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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