1
|
Zhang Y, Liu Q, Su W, Sun L, Xu H, Xue F, Lu C, Wu R. The mechanism of exogenous gibberellin A 3 protecting sorghum shoots from S-metolachlor Phytotoxicity. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4497-4506. [PMID: 35797427 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S-metolachlor (MET) was used to prevent weed infestation in sorghum fields, but inappropriate application could result in phytotoxicity on sorghum. Exogenous gibberellin A3 (GA3 ) has been applied for alleviating the phytotoxicity of MET. However, its detoxification mechanism is still not well known. RESULTS Leaf deformity of sorghum caused by 200 mg/L MET was alleviated by treating sorghum shoots with 800 mg/L GA3 , and the injury recovery rate of growth index was over 73%. More importantly, GA3 could not accelerate the metabolic rate of MET in sorghum. The result of phytohormone metabolomics showed that endogenous GA3 content in sorghum decreased by 78.10% with MET treatment, while abscisic acid (ABA) content increased by 120.2%, resulting in 10.3-fold increase of ABA/GA3 ratio. Content of ABA and GA3 increased by 11.9- and 21.1-fold with MET and GA3 treatment, respectively, leading to ABA/GA3 ratio restoration. Moreover, MET inhibited the expression of genes encoding key enzymes related to GA synthesis including CPS1, KO2, KAO, GA20ox1D and ABA8ox gene related to ABA metabolism. The transcription levels of GA metabolism-related genes CYP714D1 and GA2ox were up-regulated by 11.2- and 7.2-fold, while ABA synthesis-related genes NCED and ZEP were up-regulated by 8.0- and 3.0-fold, respectively, with MET and GA3 treatment. CONCLUSION In this study, exogenous GA3 protecting sorghum shoots from MET phytotoxicity was due to supplement the MET-induced GA3 deficiency by absorbing exogenous GA3 , and restore homeostasis of ABA and GA3 by promoting ABA synthesis, which provides novel insights for mechanism of GA3 alleviating MET phytotoxicity. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultura Sciences, ZhengZhou, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qinghao Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wangcang Su
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultura Sciences, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Lanlan Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultura Sciences, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Hongle Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultura Sciences, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultura Sciences, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Chuantao Lu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultura Sciences, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Renhai Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultura Sciences, ZhengZhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao H, Huang H, Lu K, Wang C, Liu X, Song Z, Zhou H, Yang L, Li B, Yu C, Zhang H. OsCYP714D1 improves plant growth and salt tolerance through regulating gibberellin and ion homeostasis in transgenic poplar. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 168:447-456. [PMID: 34715569 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450s) play crucial roles in the regulation of plant growth and response to abiotic stress. However, their functions in woody trees are still largely unknown. Previously, we reported that expression of the rice cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene OsCYP714D1 increased gibberellic acid (GA) accumulation and shoot growth in transgenic poplar. In this work, we demonstrate that expression of OsCYP714D1 improved the salt tolerance of transgenic poplar plants. Compared to wild type, plant height and K+ content were significantly higher, whereas plant growth inhibition and Na+ content were significantly lower, in transgenic plants grown under high salt stress condition. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that OsCYP714D1 expression up-regulated the expressions of GA biosynthesis, signaling and stress responsive genes in transgenic plants under both normal and high salt stress conditions. Further gene ontology (GO) analyses indicated that genes involved in plant hormone and ion metabolic activities were significantly enriched in transgenic plants. Our findings imply that OsCYP714D1 participated in the regulation of both shoot growth and salt resistance through regulating gibberellin and ion homeostasis in transgenic poplar, and it can be used as a candidate gene for the engineering of new tree varieties with improved biomass production and salt stress resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Gao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Huiqing Huang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Kaifeng Lu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Cuiting Wang
- Shanghai OE Biotech Co., Ltd, 1505 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Zhizhong Song
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Houjun Zhou
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Lei Yang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Bei Li
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Chunyan Yu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jiang C, Li B, Song Z, Zhang Y, Yu C, Wang H, Wang L, Zhang H. PtBRI1.2 promotes shoot growth and wood formation through a brassinosteroid-mediated PtBZR1-PtWNDs module in poplar. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6350-6364. [PMID: 34089602 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid-insensitive-1 (BRI1) plays important roles in various signalling pathways controlling plant growth and development. However, the regulatory mechanism of BRI1 in brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated signalling for shoot growth and wood formation in woody plants is largely unknown. In this study, PtBRI1.2, a brassinosteroid-insensitive-1 gene, was overexpressed in poplar. Shoot growth and wood formation of transgenic plants were examined and the regulatory genes involved were verified. PtBRI1.2 was localized to the plasma membrane, with a predominant expression in leaves. Ectopic expression of PtBRI1.2 in Arabidopsis bri1-201 and bri1-5 mutants rescued their retarded-growth phenotype. Overexpression of PtBRI1.2 in poplar promoted shoot growth and wood formation in transgenic plants. Further studies revealed that overexpression of PtBRI1.2 promoted the accumulation of PtBZR1 (BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1) in the nucleus, which subsequently activated PtWNDs (WOOD-ASSOCIATED NAC DOMAIN transcription factors) to up-regulate expression of secondary cell wall biosynthesis genes involved in wood formation. Our results suggest that PtBRI1.2 plays a crucial role in regulating shoot growth and wood formation by activating BR signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Jiang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Li
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and abiotic Resistant Plants in the Universities of Shandong, and Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhizhong Song
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and abiotic Resistant Plants in the Universities of Shandong, and Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuliang Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Chunyan Yu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and abiotic Resistant Plants in the Universities of Shandong, and Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Haihai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Limin Wang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and abiotic Resistant Plants in the Universities of Shandong, and Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and abiotic Resistant Plants in the Universities of Shandong, and Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shan F, Zhang R, Zhang J, Wang C, Lyu X, Xin T, Yan C, Dong S, Ma C, Gong Z. Study on the Regulatory Effects of GA 3 on Soybean Internode Elongation. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081737. [PMID: 34451783 PMCID: PMC8398907 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Excessive plant height is an important factor that can lead to lodging, which is closely related to soybean yield. Gibberellins are widely used as plant growth regulators in agricultural production. Gibberellic acid (GA3), one of the most effective active gibberellins, has been used to regulate plant height and increase yields. The mechanism through which GA3 regulates internode elongation has been extensively investigated. In 2019 and 2020, we applied GA3 to the stems, leaves, and roots of two soybean cultivars, Heinong 48 (a high-stalk cultivar) and Henong 60 (a dwarf cultivar), and GA3 was also applied to plants whose apical meristem was removed or to girded plants to compare the internode length and stem GA3 content of soybean plants under different treatments. These results suggested that the application of GA3 to the stems, leaves, and roots of soybean increased the internode length and GA3 content in the stems. Application of GA3 decreased the proportion of the pith in the soybean stems and primary xylem while increasing the proportion of secondary xylem. The apical meristem is an important site of GA3 synthesis in soybean stems and is involved in the regulation of stem elongation. GA3 was shown to be transported acropetally through the xylem and laterally between the xylem and phloem in soybean stems. We conclude that the GA3 level in stems is an important factor affecting internode elongation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuxin Shan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Chang Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Xiaochen Lyu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Tianyu Xin
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Chao Yan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Shoukun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Chunmei Ma
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Zhenping Gong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (F.S.); (R.Z.); (J.Z.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (T.X.); (C.Y.); (S.D.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu Y, Chang L, Jiang C, Xu L, Zhang J. Plastid Transformation in Poplar: A Model for Perennial Trees. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2317:257-265. [PMID: 34028774 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1472-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Poplar (Populus) is an important forest tree and considered model for perennial trees. Here we describe a method for poplar plastid transformation, which involves preparation of explants, vector construction, biolistic bombardment, regeneration and selection of transplastomic poplar plants. The young leaves of 4-week-old poplar plants are used for biolistic bombardment and aadA gene as selectable marker. Homoplasmic transplastomic lines are obtained after regeneration and several rounds of selection with spectinomycin over 10 months. Homoplasmy is further confirmed by Southern blot. The establishment of a plastid transformation system for Populus is likely to make a significant contribution to tree genetic improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunmei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Letian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang H, Wang X, Song W, Bao Y, Jin Y, Jiang C, Wang C, Li B, Zhang H. PdMYB118, isolated from a red leaf mutant of Populus deltoids, is a new transcription factor regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:927-936. [PMID: 31147728 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02413-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A new anthocyanin biosynthesis transcription factor PdMYB118, which could be used for the genetic engineering of colorful tree species, was indentified from a red leaf mutant of Populus deltoids. In higher plants, the biosynthesis of anthocyanins is regulated by several classes of transcription factors (TFs), including R2R3-MYB, bHLH and WD-repeat proteins. In this work, we isolated an MYB gene regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis from a red leaf mutant of Populus deltoids, which accumulated more anthocyanins in the leaves and showed higher expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes than did the wild type. Gene expression analyses of all TFs regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis demonstrated that only a MYB118 homologous gene, PdMYB118, was up-regulated in the mutant compared with the wide type. Subcellular localization analyses in poplar leaf mesophyll protoplasts showed that PdMYB118-YFP fusion protein was specifically located in nucleus. When transiently expressed in poplar leaf protoplasts, PdMYB118 specifically promoted the expression of anthocyanidin biosynthesis genes. Dual-luciferase assays revealed that PdMYB118 can directly activate the promoters of these genes. When overexpressed in Shanxin Yang (P. davidiana × P. bolleana), a hybrid clone commercially grown for landscaping in the northern part of China, transgenic plants overexpressing PdMYB118 produced more anthocyanins in the leaves and turned their color into redness when grown in both greenhouse and field. Consistently, transcripts of some important anthocyanidin biosynthesis genes were significantly increased in the leaves of transgenic plants. All these results indicate that PdMYB118 functions as an essential transcription factor regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar and could be used for the genetic engineering of colorful tree species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haihai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Forestry and Pomology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences, 1000 Jinqi Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimeng Song
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Bao
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China
| | - Yanli Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunmei Jiang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, 368 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuiting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Li
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China
- Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in the Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, China.
- Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in the Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Su Y, Li HG, Wang Y, Li S, Wang HL, Yu L, He F, Yang Y, Feng CH, Shuai P, Liu C, Yin W, Xia X. Poplar miR472a targeting NBS-LRRs is involved in effective defence against the necrotrophic fungus Cytospora chrysosperma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:5519-5530. [PMID: 30124931 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The hemibiotroph Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the necrotroph Cytospora chrysosperma cause poplar foliage and stem disease, respectively, resulting in substantial economic losses. In this study, Populus trichocarpa ptc-miR472a was down-regulated in leaves treated with salicylic acid, jasmonic acid (JA) or bacterial flagellin (flg22). Here, ptc-miR472a and a short tandem target mimic (STTM) of miR472a were overexpressed in P. alba × P. glandulosa, and overexpression lines of miR472a and silenced lines of STTM472a were generated. Compared with the STTM472a and wild type lines, lower reactive oxygen species accumulation was detected in miR472a overexpressing plants treated with flg22, C. gloeosporioides or C. chrysosperma. In addition, the miR472a overexpressing lines exhibited the highest susceptibility to the hemibiotroph, C. gloeosporioides, but the highest effective defence response to the necrotroph, C. chrysosperma. The JA/ethylene marker gene ERF1 was rapidly up-regulated in miR472a overexpressing plants. Furthermore, five phased, secondary, small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) were confirmed in the miR472a overexpressing and STTM472a lines, triggering phasiRNAs predicted to enhance NBS-LRR silencing. Taken together, our results revealed that ptc-miR472a exerts a key role in plant immunity to C. gloeosporioides and C. chrysosperma by targeting NBS-LRR transcripts. This study provides a new strategy and method in plant breeding to improve plant disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Su
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Guang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglin Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hou-Ling Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yu
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Hua Feng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Shuai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Weilun Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Xia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jin Y, Tang R, Wang H, Jiang C, Bao Y, Yang Y, Liang M, Sun Z, Kong F, Li B, Zhang H. Overexpression of Populus trichocarpa CYP85A3 promotes growth and biomass production in transgenic trees. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:1309-1321. [PMID: 28258966 PMCID: PMC5595715 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential hormones that play crucial roles in plant growth, reproduction and response to abiotic and biotic stress. In Arabidopsis, AtCYP85A2 works as a bifunctional cytochrome P450 monooxygenase to catalyse the conversion of castasterone to brassinolide, a final rate-limiting step in the BR-biosynthetic pathway. Here, we report the functional characterizations of PtCYP85A3, one of the three AtCYP85A2 homologous genes from Populus trichocarpa. PtCYP85A3 shares the highest similarity with AtCYP85A2 and can rescue the retarded-growth phenotype of the Arabidopsis cyp85a2-2 and tomato dx mutants. Constitutive expression of PtCYP85A3, driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, increased the endogenous BR levels and significantly promoted the growth and biomass production in both transgenic tomato and poplar. Compared to the wild type, plant height, shoot fresh weight and fruit yield increased 50%, 56% and 43%, respectively, in transgenic tomato plants. Similarly, plant height and stem diameter increased 15% and 25%, respectively, in transgenic poplar plants. Further study revealed that overexpression of PtCYP85A3 enhanced xylem formation without affecting the composition of cellulose and lignin, as well as the cell wall thickness in transgenic poplar. Our finding suggests that PtCYP85A3 could be used as a potential candidate gene for engineering fast-growing trees with improved wood production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Li Jin
- College of AgricultureLudong UniversityYantaiChina
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of sciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ren‐Jie Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Hai‐Hai Wang
- College of AgricultureLudong UniversityYantaiChina
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Chun‐Mei Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Bao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | | | - Zhen‐Cang Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Fan‐Jing Kong
- MLR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and EnvironmentsInstitute of Mineral ResourcesCAGSBeijingChina
| | - Bei Li
- College of AgricultureLudong UniversityYantaiChina
| | - Hong‐Xia Zhang
- College of AgricultureLudong UniversityYantaiChina
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang C, Yang Y, Wang H, Ran X, Li B, Zhang J, Zhang H. Ectopic expression of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene PtCYP714A3 from Populus trichocarpa reduces shoot growth and improves tolerance to salt stress in transgenic rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:1838-51. [PMID: 26970512 PMCID: PMC5069455 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 714 protein family represents a unique group of CYP monooxygenase, which functions as a shoot-specific regulator in plant development through gibberellin deactivation. Here, we report the functional characterizations of PtCYP714A3, an OsCYP714D1/Eui homologue from Populus trichocarpa. PtCYP714A3 was ubiquitously expressed with the highest transcript level in cambium-phloem tissues, and was greatly induced by salt and osmotic stress in poplar. Subcellular localization analyses indicated that PtCYP714A3-YFP fusion protein was targeted to endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Expression of PtCYP714A3 in the rice eui mutant could rescue its excessive-shoot-growth phenotype. Ectopic expression of PtCYP714A3 in rice led to semi-dwarfed phenotype with promoted tillering and reduced seed size. Transgenic lines which showed significant expression of PtCYP714A3 also accumulated lower GA level than did the wild-type (WT) plants. The expression of some GA biosynthesis genes was significantly suppressed in these transgenic plants. Furthermore, transgenic rice plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to salt and maintained more Na(+) in both shoot and root tissues under salinity stress. All these results not only suggest a crucial role of PtCYP714A3 in shoot responses to salt toxicity in rice, but also provide a molecular basis for genetic engineering of salt-tolerant crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ran
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jeon HW, Cho JS, Park EJ, Han KH, Choi YI, Ko JH. Developing xylem-preferential expression of PdGA20ox1, a gibberellin 20-oxidase 1 from Pinus densiflora, improves woody biomass production in a hybrid poplar. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:1161-70. [PMID: 26503830 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Woody biomass has gained popularity as an environmentally friendly, renewable and sustainable resource for liquid fuel production. Here, we demonstrate biotechnological improvement of the quantity and quality of woody biomass by employing developing xylem (DX)-preferential production of gibberellin (GA), a phytohormone that positively regulates stem growth. First, for the proof of concept experiment, we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GA20-oxidase, a key enzyme in the production of bioactive GAs, from Pinus densiflora (PdGA20ox1) under the control of either a constitutive 35S promoter, designated 35S::PdGA20ox1, or a DX-specific promoter (originated from poplar), designated DX15::PdGA20ox1. As we hypothesized, both transgenic Arabidopsis plants (35S::PdGA20ox1 and DX15::PdGA20ox1) exhibited an accelerated stem growth that resulted in a large increase of biomass, up to 300% compared to wild-type control plants, together with increased secondary wall thickening and elongation of fibre cells. Next, we applied our concept to the production of transgenic poplar trees. Both transgenic poplar trees (35S::PdGA20ox1 and DX15::PdGA20ox1) showed dramatic increases in biomass, up to 300%, with accelerated stem growth and xylem differentiation. Cell wall monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that in both Arabidopsis and poplar, glucose and xylose contents were significantly increased. However, undesirable phenotypes of 35S::PdGA20ox1 poplar, including poor root growth and leaf development, were found. Interestingly, DX15::PdGA20ox1 poplar resulted in a reduction of undesirable phenotypes. Our results indicate that the controlled production of GAs through a tissue-specific promoter can be utilized as an efficient biotechnological tool for producing enhanced plant biomass, minimizing unwanted effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Woo Jeon
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jin-Seong Cho
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, Korea Forest Research Institute, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eung-Jun Park
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, Korea Forest Research Institute, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwan Han
- Department of Horticulture and Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Young-Im Choi
- Division of Forest Biotechnology, Korea Forest Research Institute, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ricroch AE, Hénard-Damave MC. Next biotech plants: new traits, crops, developers and technologies for addressing global challenges. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:675-90. [PMID: 25641327 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1004521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Most of the genetically modified (GM) plants currently commercialized encompass a handful of crop species (soybean, corn, cotton and canola) with agronomic characters (traits) directed against some biotic stresses (pest resistance, herbicide tolerance or both) and created by multinational companies. The same crops with agronomic traits already on the market today will continue to be commercialized, but there will be also a wider range of species with combined traits. The timeframe anticipated for market release of the next biotech plants will not only depend on science progress in research and development (R&D) in laboratories and fields, but also primarily on how demanding regulatory requirements are in countries where marketing approvals are pending. Regulatory constraints, including environmental and health impact assessments, have increased significantly in the past decades, delaying approvals and increasing their costs. This has sometimes discouraged public research entities and small and medium size plant breeding companies from using biotechnology and given preference to other technologies, not as stringently regulated. Nevertheless, R&D programs are flourishing in developing countries, boosted by the necessity to meet the global challenges that are food security of a booming world population while mitigating climate change impacts. Biotechnology is an instrument at the service of these imperatives and a wide variety of plants are currently tested for their high yield despite biotic and abiotic stresses. Many plants with higher water or nitrogen use efficiency, tolerant to cold, salinity or water submergence are being developed. Food security is not only a question of quantity but also of quality of agricultural and food products, to be available and accessible for the ones who need it the most. Many biotech plants (especially staple food) are therefore being developed with nutritional traits, such as biofortification in vitamins and metals. The main international seed companies continue to be the largest investors in plant biotechnology R&D, and often collaborate in the developing world with public institutions, private entities and philanthropic organizations. These partnerships are particularly present in Africa. In developed countries, plant biotechnology is also used for non-food purposes, such as the pharmaceutical, biofuel, starch, paper and textile industries. For example, plants are modified to specifically produce molecules with therapeutic uses, or with an improved biomass conversion efficiency, or producing larger volumes of feedstocks for biofuels. Various plant breeding technologies are now used in the entire spectrum of plant biotechnology: transgenesis producing proteins or RNAi. Cisgenesis (transgenes isolated from a crossable donor plant) and intragenesis (transgenes originate from the same species or a crossable species), null segregants are also used. To date, the next generation precision gene editing tools are developed in basic research. They include: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis (ODM), transcription activator-like effects nucleases (TALENs) and zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnès E Ricroch
- a Department of Life Sciences and Health , AgroParisTech , Génétique évolutive et amélioration des plantes , Paris Cedex , France and
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, Tang R, Wang C, Qi Q, Gai Y, Jiang X, Zhang H. Functional repression of PtSND2 represses growth and development by disturbing auxin biosynthesis, transport and signaling in transgenic poplar. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 35:95-105. [PMID: 25516528 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Using chimeric repressor silencing technology, we previously reported that functional repression of PtSND2 severely arrested wood formation in transgenic poplar (Populus). Here, we provide further evidence that auxin biosynthesis, transport and signaling were disturbed in these transgenic plants, leading to pleiotropic defects in their growth patterns, including inhibited leaf enlargement and vascular tissue development in the leaf central vein, suppressed cambial growth and fiber elongation in the stem, and arrested growth in the root system. Two transgenic lines, which displayed the most remarkable phenotypic deviation from the wild-type, were selected for detailed studies. In both transgenic lines, expression of genes for auxin biosynthesis, transport and signaling was down-regulated, and indole-3-acetic acid distribution was severely disturbed in the apical buds, leaves, stems and roots of field-grown transgenic plants. Transient transcription dual-luciferase assays of ProPtTYDC2::LUC, ProPttLAX2::LUC and ProPoptrIAA20.2::LUC in poplar protoplasts revealed that expression of auxin-related genes might be regulated by PtSND2 at the transcriptional level. All these results indicate that functional repression of PtSND2 altered auxin biosynthesis, transport and signaling, and thereby disturbed the normal growth and development of transgenic plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haihai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renjie Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China Present address: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Cuiting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Qi
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gai
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiangning Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of Chinese Forestry Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bao Y, Song WM, Jin YL, Jiang CM, Yang Y, Li B, Huang WJ, Liu H, Zhang HX. Characterization of Arabidopsis Tubby-like proteins and redundant function of AtTLP3 and AtTLP9 in plant response to ABA and osmotic stress. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 86:471-83. [PMID: 25168737 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-014-0241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tubby and Tubby-like proteins (TLPs) play essential roles in the development and function of mammal neuronal cells. In addition to the conserved carboxyl (C)-terminal Tubby domain, which is required for their plasma membrane (PM) tethering, plant TLPs also possess an amino (N)-terminal F-box domain to interact with specific Arabidopsis Skp1-like (ASK) proteins as functional SCF-type E3 ligases. Here, we report the molecular characterization of Arabidopsis TLPs (AtTLPs). β-Glucuronidase staining showed overlapped but distinct expression patterns of AtTLPs in Arabidopsis. Yeast two-hybrid assays further revealed that AtTLP1, AtTLP3, AtTLP6, AtTLP7, AtTLP9, AtTLP10 and AtTLP11 all interacted with specific ASKs, but AtTLP2, AtTLP5 and AtTLP8 did not. Subcellular localization observations in both Arabidopsis protoplasts and tobacco pollen tubes indicated that all GFP-AtTLP fusion proteins, except GFP-AtTLP8 which lacks the conserved phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding sites, were targeted to the PM. Detailed studies on AtTLP3 demonstrated that AtTLP3 is a PM-tethered PIP2 binding protein which functions redundantly with AtTLP9 in abscisic acid (ABA)- and osmotic stress-mediated seed germination. Our results suggest that AtTLPs possibly work in multiple physiological and developmental processes in Arabidopsis, and AtTLP3 is also involved in ABA signaling pathway like AtTLP9 during seed germination and early seedling growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|