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Ding YE, Zou YN, Wu QS, Kuča K. Mycorrhizal fungi regulate daily rhythm of circadian clock in trifoliate orange under drought stress. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:616-628. [PMID: 34617114 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm of plants is associated with stress responses; however, it is not clear whether increased host plant drought tolerance by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is associated with changes in the circadian clock. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of Funneliformis mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Schüßler & Walker on the circadian clock gene expression patterns in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.) along with gas exchange, abscisic acid (ABA) levels and antioxidant enzyme gene expression under well-watered (WW) and drought stress (DS) conditions. Plant growth, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and ABA levels were significantly higher in AMF- than in non-AMF-inoculated plants regardless of soil water regimes. Six circadian clock genes, including PtPRR7, PtLHY, PtCCA1, PtGI, PtPIF3 and PtSRR1, were identified and showed rhythmic expression patterns over the course of the day. The AMF inoculation reduced the expression of most circadian clock genes in different time periods. However, AMF treatment significantly increased PtPRR7 and PtGI expression at 5:00 p.m. under WW and DS conditions, PtLHY expression at 1:00 a.m. and PtSRR1 expression at 9:00 p.m. At 1:00 a.m., AMF inoculation up-regulated the expression of the circadian clock genes PtPRR7, PtCCA1, PtLHY and PtPIF3 and the antioxidant enzyme genes PtFe-SOD, PtMn-SOD, PtCu/Zn-SOD, PtPOD and PtCAT1. Correlation analysis revealed that these changes in circadian clock gene expression were associated with antioxidant enzyme gene expression, root ABA and gas exchange. We concluded that mycorrhizal fungi have the ability to regulate the daily rhythm of the circadian clock in trifoliate orange plants in response to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-E Ding
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingmi 88, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Ying-Ning Zou
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingmi 88, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingmi 88, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic
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2
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Tarkka MT, Grams TEE, Angay O, Kurth F, Maboreke HR, Mailänder S, Bönn M, Feldhahn L, Fleischmann F, Ruess L, Schädler M, Scheu S, Schrey SD, Buscot F, Herrmann S. Ectomycorrhizal fungus supports endogenous rhythmic growth and corresponding resource allocation in oak during various below- and aboveground biotic interactions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23680. [PMID: 34880358 PMCID: PMC8654951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous rhythmic growth (ERG) is displayed by many tropical and some major temperate tree species and characterized by alternating root and shoot flushes (RF and SF). These flushes occur parallel to changes in biomass partitioning and in allocation of recently assimilated carbon and nitrogen. To address how biotic interactions interplay with ERG, we cross-compared the RF/SF shifts in oak microcuttings in the presence of pathogens, consumers and a mycorrhiza helper bacterium, without and with an ectomycorrhizal fungus (EMF), and present a synthesis of the observations. The typical increase in carbon allocation to sink leaves during SF did not occur in the presence of root or leaf pathogens, and the increase in nitrogen allocation to lateral roots during RF did not occur with the pathogens. The RF/SF shifts in resource allocation were mostly restored upon additional interaction with the EMF. Its presence led to increased resource allocation to principal roots during RF, also when the oaks were inoculated additionally with other interactors. The interactors affected the alternating, rhythmic growth and resource allocation shifts between shoots and roots. The restoring role of the EMF on RF/SF changes in parallel to the corresponding enhanced carbon and nitrogen allocation to sink tissues suggests that the EMF is supporting plants in maintaining the ERG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika T. Tarkka
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany ,grid.421064.50000 0004 7470 3956German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten E. E. Grams
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Science, Plant Ecophysiology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz Platz 2, Freising, Germany
| | - Oguzhan Angay
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Science, Plant Ecophysiology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz Platz 2, Freising, Germany
| | - Florence Kurth
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hazel R. Maboreke
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Institute of Biology, Ecology Group, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Mailänder
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), Auf der Morgenstelle 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Bönn
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany ,Landesamt Für Verbraucherschutz Sachsen-Anhalt, Freiimfelder Str. 68, 06112 Halle, Germany
| | - Lasse Feldhahn
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany ,grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Institut Für Informatik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Frank Fleischmann
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Science, Plant Ecophysiology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz Platz 2, Freising, Germany ,grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XLudwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Chair of Experimental Physics – Laser physics, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Liliane Ruess
- grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Institute of Biology, Ecology Group, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Philippstraße 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Schädler
- grid.421064.50000 0004 7470 3956German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany ,grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06110 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvia D. Schrey
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), Auf der Morgenstelle 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.8385.60000 0001 2297 375XInstitute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Leo- Brandt-Straße, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Francois Buscot
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany ,grid.421064.50000 0004 7470 3956German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- grid.7492.80000 0004 0492 3830Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany ,grid.421064.50000 0004 7470 3956German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Metabolomics and transcriptomics to decipher molecular mechanisms underlying ectomycorrhizal root colonization of an oak tree. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8576. [PMID: 33883599 PMCID: PMC8060265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87886-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycorrhizas are known to have a positive impact on plant growth and ability to resist major biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the metabolic alterations underlying mycorrhizal symbiosis are still understudied. By using metabolomics and transcriptomics approaches, cork oak roots colonized by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius were compared with non-colonized roots. Results show that compounds putatively corresponding to carbohydrates, organic acids, tannins, long-chain fatty acids and monoacylglycerols, were depleted in ectomycorrhizal cork oak colonized roots. Conversely, non-proteogenic amino acids, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and several putative defense-related compounds, including oxylipin-family compounds, terpenoids and B6 vitamers were induced in mycorrhizal roots. Transcriptomic analysis suggests the involvement of GABA in ectomycorrhizal symbiosis through increased synthesis and inhibition of degradation in mycorrhizal roots. Results from this global metabolomics analysis suggest decreases in root metabolites which are common components of exudates, and in compounds related to root external protective layers which could facilitate plant-fungal contact and enhance symbiosis. Root metabolic pathways involved in defense against stress were induced in ectomycorrhizal roots that could be involved in a plant mechanism to avoid uncontrolled growth of the fungal symbiont in the root apoplast. Several of the identified symbiosis-specific metabolites, such as GABA, may help to understand how ectomycorrhizal fungi such as P. tinctorius benefit their host plants.
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Habiyaremye JDD, Herrmann S, Reitz T, Buscot F, Goldmann K. Balance between geographic, soil, and host tree parameters to shape soil microbiomes associated to clonal oak varies across soil zones along a European North-South transect. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:2274-2292. [PMID: 33587815 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tree root-associated microbiomes are shaped by geographic, soil physico-chemical, and host tree parameters. However, their respective impacts on microbiome variations in soils across larger spatial scales remain weakly studied. We out-planted saplings of oak clone DF159 (Quercus robur L.) as phytometer in four grassland field sites along a European North-South transect. After four years, we first compared the soil microbiomes of the tree root zone (RZ) and the tree root-free zone (RFZ). Then, we separately considered the total microbiomes of both zones, besides the microbiome with significant affinity to the RZ and compared their variability along the transect. Variations within the microbiome of the tree RFZ were shaped by geographic and soil physico-chemical changes, whereby bacteria responded more than fungi. Variations within both microbiomes of the tree RZ depended on the host tree and abiotic parameters. Based on perMANOVA and Mantel correlation tests, impacts of site specificities and geographic distance strongly decreased for the tree RZ affine microbiome. This pattern was more pronounced for fungi than bacteria. Shaping the microbiome of the soil zones in root proximity might be a mechanism mediating the acclimation of oaks to a wide range of environmental conditions across geographic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean de Dieu Habiyaremye
- Department Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Mathematics, Science and Physical Education, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- Department Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Reitz
- Department Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kezia Goldmann
- Department Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Halle, Germany
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Bouffaud ML, Herrmann S, Tarkka MT, Bönn M, Feldhahn L, Buscot F. Oak displays common local but specific distant gene regulation responses to different mycorrhizal fungi. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:399. [PMID: 32532205 PMCID: PMC7291512 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations of tree roots with diverse symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi have distinct effects on whole plant functioning. An untested explanation might be that such effect variability is associated with distinct impacts of different fungi on gene expression in local and distant plant organs. Using a large scale transcriptome sequencing approach, we compared the impact of three ectomycorrhizal (EMF) and one orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) on gene regulation in colonized roots (local), non-colonized roots (short distance) and leaves (long distance) of the Quercus robur clone DF159 with reference to the recently published oak genome. Since different mycorrhizal fungi form symbiosis in a different time span and variable extents of apposition structure development, we sampled inoculated but non-mycorrhizal plants, for which however markedly symbiotic effects have been reported. Local root colonization by the fungi was assessed by fungal transcript analysis. RESULTS The EMF induced marked and species specific effects on plant development in the analysed association stage, but the OMF did not. At local level, a common set of plant differentially expressed genes (DEG) was identified with similar patterns of responses to the three EMF, but not to the OMF. Most of these core DEG were down-regulated and correspond to already described but also new functions related to establishment of EMF symbiosis. Analysis of the fungal transcripts of two EMF in highly colonized roots also revealed onset of a symbiosis establishment. In contrast, in the OMF, the DEG were mainly related to plant defence. Already at short distances, high specificities in transcriptomic responses to the four fungi were detected, which were further enhanced at long distance in leaves, where almost no common DEG were found between the treatments. Notably, no correlation between phylogeny of the EMF and gene expression patterns was observed. CONCLUSIONS Use of clonal oaks allowed us to identify a core transcriptional program in roots colonized by three different EMF, supporting the existence of a common EMF symbiotic pathway. Conversely, the specific responses in non-colonized organs were more closely related to the specific impacts of the different of EMF on plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lara Bouffaud
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| | - Mika T Tarkka
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Markus Bönn
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Lasse Feldhahn
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, D-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
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Habiyaremye JDD, Goldmann K, Reitz T, Herrmann S, Buscot F. Tree Root Zone Microbiome: Exploring the Magnitude of Environmental Conditions and Host Tree Impact. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:749. [PMID: 32390986 PMCID: PMC7190799 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tree roots attract their associated microbial partners from the local soil community. Accordingly, tree root-associated microbial communities are shaped by both the host tree and local environmental variables. To rationally compare the magnitude of environmental conditions and host tree impact, the "PhytOakmeter" project planted clonal oak saplings (Quercus robur L., clone DF159) as phytometers into different field sites that are within a close geographic space across the Central German lowland region. The PhytOakmeters were produced via micro-propagation to maintain their genetic identity. The current study analyzed the microbial communities in the PhytOakmeter root zone vs. the tree root-free zone of soil two years after out-planting the trees. Soil DNA was extracted, 16S and ITS2 genes were respectively amplified for bacteria and fungi, and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. The obtained microbial communities were analyzed in relation to soil chemistry and weather data as environmental conditions, and the host tree growth. Although microbial diversity in soils of the tree root zone was similar among the field sites, the community structure was site-specific. Likewise, within respective sites, the microbial diversity between PhytOakmeter root and root-free zones was comparable. The number of microbial species exclusive to either zone, however, was higher in the host tree root zone than in the tree root-free zone. PhytOakmeter "core" and "site-specific" microbiomes were identified and attributed to the host tree selection effect and/or to the ambient conditions of the sites, respectively. The identified PhytOakmeter root zone-associated microbiome predominantly included ectomycorrhizal fungi, yeasts and saprotrophs. Soil pH, soil organic matter, and soil temperature were significantly correlated with the microbial diversity and/or community structure. Although the host tree contributed to shape the soil microbial communities, its effect was surpassed by the impact of environmental factors. The current study helps to understand site-specific microbe recruitment processes by young host trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean de Dieu Habiyaremye
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Halle, Germany
- Department of Biology II, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Science and Physical Education, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Kezia Goldmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Halle, Germany
| | - Thomas Reitz
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Halle, Germany
- Department of Biology II, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Bacht M, Tarkka MT, López IF, Bönn M, Brandl R, Buscot F, Feldhahn L, Grams TEE, Herrmann S, Schädler M. Tree Response to Herbivory Is Affected by Endogenous Rhythmic Growth and Attenuated by Cotreatment With a Mycorrhizal Fungus. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2019; 32:770-781. [PMID: 30753106 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-10-18-0290-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Herbivores and mycorrhizal fungi interactively influence growth, resource utilization, and plant defense responses. We studied these interactions in a tritrophic system comprising Quercus robur, the herbivore Lymantria dispar, and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Piloderma croceum under controlled laboratory conditions at the levels of gene expression and carbon and nitrogen (C/N) allocation. Taking advantage of the endogenous rhythmic growth displayed by oak, we thereby compared gene transcript abundances and resource shifts during shoot growth with those during the alternating root growth flushes. During root flush, herbivore feeding on oak leaves led to an increased expression of genes related to plant growth and enriched gene ontology terms related to cell wall, DNA replication, and defense. C/N-allocation analyses indicated an increased export of resources from aboveground plant parts to belowground. Accordingly, the expression of genes related to the transport of carbohydrates increased upon herbivore attack in leaves during the root flush stage. Inoculation with an ectomycorrhizal fungus attenuated these effects but, instead, caused an increased expression of genes related to the production of volatile organic compounds. We conclude that oak defense response against herbivory is strong in root flush at the transcriptomic level but this response is strongly inhibited by inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungi and it is extremely weak at shoot flush.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bacht
- 1 Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mika T Tarkka
- 2 Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- 3 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iván Fernández López
- 2 Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- 3 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Bönn
- 2 Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- 1 Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- 2 Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- 3 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lasse Feldhahn
- 2 Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Thorsten E E Grams
- 4 Ecophysiology of Plants, Technical University Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- 2 Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Martin Schädler
- 3 German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- 5 Department of Community Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
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8
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Wiesner S, Staudhammer CL, Javaheri CL, Hiers JK, Boring LR, Mitchell RJ, Starr G. The role of understory phenology and productivity in the carbon dynamics of longleaf pine savannas. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Wiesner
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487 USA
| | | | - Chloe L. Javaheri
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487 USA
| | - J. Kevin Hiers
- Tall Timbers Research Station 13093 Henry Beadel Dr. Tallahassee Florida 32312 USA
| | | | | | - Gregory Starr
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama 35487 USA
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9
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Graf M, Bönn M, Feldhahn L, Kurth F, Grams TEE, Herrmann S, Tarkka M, Buscot F, Scheu S. Collembola interact with mycorrhizal fungi in modifying oak morphology, C and N incorporation and transcriptomics. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:181869. [PMID: 31032040 PMCID: PMC6458381 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil detritivores such as Collembola impact plant growth, tissue nutrient concentration and gene expression. Using a model system with pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) microcuttings that display a typical endogenous rhythmic growth with alternating shoot (SF) and root flushes (RF), we investigated the transcriptomic response of oak with and without mycorrhiza (Piloderma croceum) to the presence of Collembola (Protaphorura armata), and linked it to changes in resource allocation by pulse labelling the plants with 13C and 15N. Collembola impacted Gene Ontology (GO) terms as well as plant morphology and elemental ratios with the effects varying markedly with developmental phases. During SF Collembola increased GO terms related to primary growth and this was mirrored in increased 13C and 15N excess in aboveground plant compartments. During RF, Collembola increased GO terms related to plant secondary metabolism and physical fortification. Further, Collembola presence resulted in an increase in plant defence-related GO terms suggesting that Collembola in the rhizosphere prime oak shoots against the attack by fungi or herbivores. Notably, the impact of Collembola on growth, resource allocation and oak gene expression was modified by presence of P. croceum. The results indicate that oaks clearly react to the presence of Collembola in the rhizosphere and respond in a complex way by changing the expression of genes of both primary and secondary metabolism, and this resulted in concomitant changes in plant morphology and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Graf
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Bönn
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Halle, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Lasse Feldhahn
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Halle, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Florence Kurth
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Halle, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Thorsten E. E. Grams
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Science, Plant Ecophysiology, Technische Universität München, 85345 Freising, Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Halle, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mika Tarkka
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Halle, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Francois Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Halle, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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10
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Ferlian O, Biere A, Bonfante P, Buscot F, Eisenhauer N, Fernandez I, Hause B, Herrmann S, Krajinski-Barth F, Meier IC, Pozo MJ, Rasmann S, Rillig MC, Tarkka MT, van Dam NM, Wagg C, Martinez-Medina A. Growing Research Networks on Mycorrhizae for Mutual Benefits. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:975-984. [PMID: 30241736 PMCID: PMC6370000 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Research on mycorrhizal interactions has traditionally developed into separate disciplines addressing different organizational levels. This separation has led to an incomplete understanding of mycorrhizal functioning. Integration of mycorrhiza research at different scales is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying the context dependency of mycorrhizal associations, and to use mycorrhizae for solving environmental issues. Here, we provide a road map for the integration of mycorrhiza research into a unique framework that spans genes to ecosystems. Using two key topics, we identify parallels in mycorrhiza research at different organizational levels. Based on two current projects, we show how scientific integration creates synergies, and discuss future directions. Only by overcoming disciplinary boundaries, we will achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the functioning of mycorrhizal associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ferlian
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Arjen Biere
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivan Fernandez
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Bettina Hause
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Ina C Meier
- Plant Ecology, University of Goettingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maria J Pozo
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Rasmann
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mika T Tarkka
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole M van Dam
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Cameron Wagg
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ainhoa Martinez-Medina
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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11
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Eisenhauer N, Herrmann S, Hines J, Buscot F, Siebert J, Thakur MP. The Dark Side of Animal Phenology. Trends Ecol Evol 2018; 33:898-901. [PMID: 30314917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Research exploring the timing of recurring biological events has shown that anthropogenic climate change dramatically alters the phenology of many plants and animals. However, we still lack studies on how climate change might alter the phenology of soil invertebrates as well as how this can subsequently affect ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, Johannisallee 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Theodor-Lieser Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jes Hines
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, Johannisallee 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Theodor-Lieser Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia Siebert
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, Johannisallee 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Madhav P Thakur
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Guédon Y, Costes E, Rakocevic M. Modulation of the yerba-mate metamer production phenology by the cultivation system and the climatic factors. Ecol Modell 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Ferlian O, Cesarz S, Craven D, Hines J, Barry KE, Bruelheide H, Buscot F, Haider S, Heklau H, Herrmann S, Kühn P, Pruschitzki U, Schädler M, Wagg C, Weigelt A, Wubet T, Eisenhauer N. Mycorrhiza in tree diversity-ecosystem function relationships: conceptual framework and experimental implementation. Ecosphere 2018; 9:e02226. [PMID: 30323959 PMCID: PMC6186167 DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The widely observed positive relationship between plant diversity and ecosystem functioning is thought to be substantially driven by complementary resource use of plant species. Recent work suggests that biotic interactions among plants and between plants and soil organisms drive key aspects of resource use complementarity. Here, we provide a conceptual framework for integrating positive biotic interactions across guilds of organisms, more specifically between plants and mycorrhizal types, to explain resource use complementarity in plants and its consequences for plant competition. Our overarching hypothesis is that ecosystem functioning increases when more plant species associate with functionally dissimilar mycorrhizal fungi because differing mycorrhizal types will increase coverage of habitat space for and reduce competition among plants. We introduce a recently established field experiment (MyDiv) that uses different pools of tree species that associate with either arbuscular or ectomycorrhizal fungi to create orthogonal experimental gradients in tree species richness and mycorrhizal associations and present initial results. Finally, we discuss options for future mechanistic studies on resource use complementarity within MyDiv. We show how mycorrhizal types and biotic interactions in MyDiv can be used in the future to test novel questions regarding the mechanisms underlying biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ferlian
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dylan Craven
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jes Hines
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathryn E. Barry
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - François Buscot
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sylvia Haider
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Heike Heklau
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Paul Kühn
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ulrich Pruschitzki
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Schädler
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Cameron Wagg
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstraße 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Weigelt
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Brunner AM, Varkonyi-Gasic E, Jones RC. Phase Change and Phenology in Trees. COMPARATIVE AND EVOLUTIONARY GENOMICS OF ANGIOSPERM TREES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/7397_2016_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Resco de Dios V, Gessler A, Ferrio JP, Alday JG, Bahn M, Del Castillo J, Devidal S, García-Muñoz S, Kayler Z, Landais D, Martín-Gómez P, Milcu A, Piel C, Pirhofer-Walzl K, Ravel O, Salekin S, Tissue DT, Tjoelker MG, Voltas J, Roy J. Circadian rhythms have significant effects on leaf-to-canopy scale gas exchange under field conditions. Gigascience 2016; 5:43. [PMID: 27765071 PMCID: PMC5072338 DOI: 10.1186/s13742-016-0149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular clocks drive oscillations in leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and other cell and leaf-level processes over ~24 h under controlled laboratory conditions. The influence of such circadian regulation over whole-canopy fluxes remains uncertain; diurnal CO2 and H2O vapor flux dynamics in the field are currently interpreted as resulting almost exclusively from direct physiological responses to variations in light, temperature and other environmental factors. We tested whether circadian regulation would affect plant and canopy gas exchange at the Montpellier European Ecotron. Canopy and leaf-level fluxes were constantly monitored under field-like environmental conditions, and under constant environmental conditions (no variation in temperature, radiation, or other environmental cues). RESULTS We show direct experimental evidence at canopy scales of the circadian regulation of daytime gas exchange: 20-79 % of the daily variation range in CO2 and H2O fluxes occurred under circadian entrainment in canopies of an annual herb (bean) and of a perennial shrub (cotton). We also observed that considering circadian regulation improved performance by 8-17 % in commonly used stomatal conductance models. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that circadian controls affect diurnal CO2 and H2O flux patterns in entire canopies in field-like conditions, and its consideration significantly improves model performance. Circadian controls act as a 'memory' of the past conditions experienced by the plant, which synchronizes metabolism across entire plant canopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Resco de Dios
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences Agrotecnico Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Long-term Forest Ecosystem Research, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Juan Pedro Ferrio
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences Agrotecnico Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Josu G Alday
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences Agrotecnico Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GP, UK
| | - Michael Bahn
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jorge Del Castillo
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences Agrotecnico Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Sébastien Devidal
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Sonia García-Muñoz
- Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario, Finca 'El Encín', 28800, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zachary Kayler
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, 94550, USA
| | - Damien Landais
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Paula Martín-Gómez
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences Agrotecnico Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Alexandru Milcu
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry, École Pratique des Hautes Études, F-34293, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Clément Piel
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Karin Pirhofer-Walzl
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
- Institut für Biologie, Plant Ecology, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olivier Ravel
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Serajis Salekin
- Erasmus Mundus Master on Mediterranean Forestry and Natural Resources Management, Universitat de Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- School of Forestry, College of Engineering, University of Canterbury, 8140, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David T Tissue
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia
| | - Mark G Tjoelker
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia
| | - Jordi Voltas
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences Agrotecnico Center, Universitat de Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jacques Roy
- Ecotron Européen de Montpellier, UPS 3248, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Campus Baillarguet, 34980, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
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16
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Maboreke HR, Feldhahn L, Bönn M, Tarkka MT, Buscot F, Herrmann S, Menzel R, Ruess L. Transcriptome analysis in oak uncovers a strong impact of endogenous rhythmic growth on the interaction with plant-parasitic nematodes. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:627. [PMID: 27520023 PMCID: PMC4982138 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), an important forest tree in temperate ecosystems, displays an endogenous rhythmic growth pattern, characterized by alternating shoot and root growth flushes paralleled by oscillations in carbon allocation to below- and aboveground tissues. However, these common plant traits so far have largely been neglected as a determining factor for the outcome of plant biotic interactions. This study investigates the response of oak to migratory root-parasitic nematodes in relation to rhythmic growth, and how this plant-nematode interaction is modulated by an ectomycorrhizal symbiont. Oaks roots were inoculated with the nematode Pratylenchus penetrans solely and in combination with the fungus Piloderma croceum, and the systemic impact on oak plants was assessed by RNA transcriptomic profiles in leaves. RESULTS The response of oaks to the plant-parasitic nematode was strongest during shoot flush, with a 16-fold increase in the number of differentially expressed genes as compared to root flush. Multi-layered defence mechanisms were induced at shoot flush, comprising upregulation of reactive oxygen species formation, hormone signalling (e.g. jasmonic acid synthesis), and proteins involved in the shikimate pathway. In contrast during root flush production of glycerolipids involved in signalling cascades was repressed, suggesting that P. penetrans actively suppressed host defence. With the presence of the mycorrhizal symbiont, the gene expression pattern was vice versa with a distinctly stronger effect of P. penetrans at root flush, including attenuated defence, cell and carbon metabolism, likely a response to the enhanced carbon sink strength in roots induced by the presence of both, nematode and fungus. Meanwhile at shoot flush, when nutrients are retained in aboveground tissue, oak defence reactions, such as altered photosynthesis and sugar pathways, diminished. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight that gene response patterns of plants to biotic interactions, both negative (i.e. plant-parasitic nematodes) and beneficial (i.e. mycorrhiza), are largely modulated by endogenous rhythmic growth, and that such plant traits should be considered as an important driver of these relationships in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel R. Maboreke
- Institute of Biology, Ecology Group, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lasse Feldhahn
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Markus Bönn
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Mika T. Tarkka
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Francois Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sylvie Herrmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralph Menzel
- Institute of Biology, Ecology Group, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liliane Ruess
- Institute of Biology, Ecology Group, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Batista Silva W, Daloso DM, Fernie AR, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL. Can stable isotope mass spectrometry replace radiolabelled approaches in metabolic studies? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 249:59-69. [PMID: 27297990 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic pathways and the key regulatory points thereof can be deduced using isotopically labelled substrates. One prerequisite is the accurate measurement of the labeling pattern of targeted metabolites. The subsequent estimation of metabolic fluxes following incubation in radiolabelled substrates has been extensively used. Radiolabelling is a sensitive approach and allows determination of total label uptake since the total radiolabel content is easy to detect. However, the incubation of cells, tissues or the whole plant in a stable isotope enriched environment and the use of either mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance techniques to determine label incorporation within specific metabolites offers the possibility to readily obtain metabolic information with higher resolution. It additionally also offers an important complement to other post-genomic strategies such as metabolite profiling providing insights into the regulation of the metabolic network and thus allowing a more thorough description of plant cellular function. Thus, although safety concerns mean that stable isotope feeding is generally preferred, the techniques are in truth highly complementary and application of both approaches in tandem currently probably provides the best route towards a comprehensive understanding of plant cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Batista Silva
- Max Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
| | - Danilo M Daloso
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476,Golm Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476,Golm Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Max Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- Max Planck Partner Group at the Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
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18
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Considine MJ, Considine JA. On the language and physiology of dormancy and quiescence in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3189-203. [PMID: 27053719 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The language of dormancy is rich and poetic, as researchers spanning disciplines and decades have attempted to understand the spell that entranced 'Sleeping Beauty', and how she was gently awoken. The misleading use of 'dormancy', applied to annual axillary buds, for example, has confounded progress. Language is increasingly important as genetic and genomic approaches become more accessible to species of agricultural and ecological importance. Here we examine how terminology has been applied to different eco-physiological states in plants, and with pertinent reference to quiescent states described in other domains of life, in order to place plant quiescence and dormancy in a more complete context than previously described. The physiological consensus defines latency or quiescence as opportunistic avoidance states, where growth resumes in favourable conditions. In contrast, the dormant state in higher plants is entrained in the life history of the organism. Competence to resume growth requires quantitative and specific conditioning. This definition applies only to the embryo of seeds and specialized meristems in higher plants; however, mechanistic control of dormancy extends to mobile signals from peripheral tissues and organs, such as the endosperm of seed or subtending leaf of buds. The distinction between dormancy, quiescence, and stress-hardiness remains poorly delineated, most particularly in buds of winter perennials, which comprise multiple meristems of differing organogenic states. Studies in seeds have shown that dormancy is not a monogenic trait, and limited study has thus far failed to canalize dormancy as seen in seeds and buds. We argue that a common language, based on physiology, is central to enable further dissection of the quiescent and dormant states in plants. We direct the topic largely to woody species showing a single cycle of growth and reproduction per year, as these bear the majority of global timber, fruit, and nut production, as well being of great ecological value. However, for context and hypotheses, we draw on knowledge from annuals and other specialized plant conditions, from a perspective of the major physical, metabolic, and molecular cues that regulate cellular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Considine
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, South Perth, WA 6151 Australia Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK
| | - John A Considine
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
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