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Zubrycka A, Dambire C, Dalle Carbonare L, Sharma G, Boeckx T, Swarup K, Sturrock CJ, Atkinson BS, Swarup R, Corbineau F, Oldham NJ, Holdsworth MJ. ERFVII action and modulation through oxygen-sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4665. [PMID: 37537157 PMCID: PMC10400637 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is a key signalling component of plant biology, and whilst an oxygen-sensing mechanism was previously described in Arabidopsis thaliana, key features of the associated PLANT CYSTEINE OXIDASE (PCO) N-degron pathway and Group VII ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factor substrates remain untested or unknown. We demonstrate that ERFVIIs show non-autonomous activation of root hypoxia tolerance and are essential for root development and survival under oxygen limiting conditions in soil. We determine the combined effects of ERFVIIs in controlling gene expression and define genetic and environmental components required for proteasome-dependent oxygen-regulated stability of ERFVIIs through the PCO N-degron pathway. Using a plant extract, unexpected amino-terminal cysteine sulphonic acid oxidation level of ERFVIIs was observed, suggesting a requirement for additional enzymatic activity within the pathway. Our results provide a holistic understanding of the properties, functions and readouts of this oxygen-sensing mechanism defined through its role in modulating ERFVII stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Zubrycka
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Charlene Dambire
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Laura Dalle Carbonare
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, OX1 3RB, Oxford, UK
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Tinne Boeckx
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Kamal Swarup
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Craig J Sturrock
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Brian S Atkinson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Ranjan Swarup
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, Loughborough, UK
| | - Françoise Corbineau
- UMR 7622 CNRS-UPMC, Biologie du développement, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Neil J Oldham
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Gil-Monreal M, Royuela M, Zabalza A. Hypoxic Treatment Decreases the Physiological Action of the Herbicide Imazamox on Pisum sativum Roots. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9080981. [PMID: 32756308 PMCID: PMC7464988 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of acetolactate synthase (ALS; EC 2.2.1.6), an enzyme located in the biosynthetic pathway of branched-chain amino acids, is the target site of the herbicide imazamox. One of the physiological effects triggered after ALS inhibition is the induction of aerobic ethanol fermentation. The objective of this study was to unravel if fermentation induction is related to the toxicity of the herbicide or if it is a plant defense mechanism. Pea plants were exposed to two different times of hypoxia before herbicide application in order to induce the ethanol fermentation pathway, and the physiological response after herbicide application was evaluated at the level of carbohydrates and amino acid profile. The effects of the herbicide on total soluble sugars and starch accumulation, and changes in specific amino acids (branched-chain, amide, and acidic) were attenuated if plants were subjected to hypoxia before herbicide application. These results suggest that fermentation is a plant defense mechanism that decreases the herbicidal effect.
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Hyodo K, Okuno T. Hijacking of host cellular components as proviral factors by plant-infecting viruses. Adv Virus Res 2020; 107:37-86. [PMID: 32711734 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Plant viruses are important pathogens that cause serious crop losses worldwide. They are obligate intracellular parasites that commandeer a wide array of proteins, as well as metabolic resources, from infected host cells. In the past two decades, our knowledge of plant-virus interactions at the molecular level has exploded, which provides insights into how plant-infecting viruses co-opt host cellular machineries to accomplish their infection. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of how plant viruses divert cellular components from their original roles to proviral functions. One emerging theme is that plant viruses have versatile strategies that integrate a host factor that is normally engaged in plant defense against invading pathogens into a viral protein complex that facilitates viral infection. We also highlight viral manipulation of cellular key regulatory systems for successful virus infection: posttranslational protein modifications for fine control of viral and cellular protein dynamics; glycolysis and fermentation pathways to usurp host resources, and ion homeostasis to create a cellular environment that is beneficial for viral genome replication. A deeper understanding of viral-infection strategies will pave the way for the development of novel antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwamu Hyodo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Tetsuro Okuno
- Department of Plant Life Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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