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Zheng WQ, Hu ZD. Pleural fluid biochemical analysis: the past, present and future. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 61:921-934. [PMID: 36383033 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Identifying the cause of pleural effusion is challenging for pulmonologists. Imaging, biopsy, microbiology and biochemical analyses are routinely used for diagnosing pleural effusion. Among these diagnostic tools, biochemical analyses are promising because they have the advantages of low cost, minimal invasiveness, observer independence and short turn-around time. Here, we reviewed the past, present and future of pleural fluid biochemical analysis. We reviewed the history of Light’s criteria and its modifications and the current status of biomarkers for heart failure, malignant pleural effusion, tuberculosis pleural effusion and parapneumonic pleural effusion. In addition, we anticipate the future of pleural fluid biochemical analysis, including the utility of machine learning, molecular diagnosis and high-throughput technologies. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) should address the topic of pleural fluid biochemical analysis in the future to promote specific knowledge in the laboratory professional community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , P.R. China
| | - Zhi-De Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , P.R. China
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Zhou S, Pan J, Guo Z, Xiang Y, Zheng H, Liu S. Controllable Flowing of a Dielectric Fluid Droplet under the Action of Corona Discharge. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:6967-6973. [PMID: 34081482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polymer microfluidic technology is widely used in chemistry, biology, medicine, nanoparticles synthesis, and other fields. In this article, we introduce a novel method for the controllable flowing of dielectric fluid droplets. Under the action of corona discharge, the dielectric fluid droplet can be controllably driven to one or more conductive plate electrodes that are connected to the negative electrode on the substrate. Phenomena of polymerization, migration, and separation and merger are experimentally verified in detail, and the spreading speeds and steady-state time are discussed. The experimental results show that the proposed method is accurate and controllable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangru Zhou
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | | | - Zhiming Guo
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
| | - Yanghui Xiang
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China
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Wu MY, Yao L, Wang Y, Zhu XY, Wang XF, Tang PJ, Chen C. Clinical evaluation of potential usefulness of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia. Respir Res 2020; 21:171. [PMID: 32631317 PMCID: PMC7336103 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There was much evidence suggesting that the serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels reflect the extent of various pathophysiological processes. However, the current information about dynamic change of LDH in COVID-19 pneumonia has not been well investigated. METHODS Study was performed in 87 cases confirmed by COVID-19 infection. The serum LDH levels were determined at diagnosis and follow-up visits. The evaluation of clinical response to therapy was based on chest CT scan. We selected the value of LDH around the data of chest CT scan (- 1 ~ + 1 day). RESULTS At diagnosis, significant differences in LDH levels were found between non-severe and severe group (P < 0.05). It was demonstrated that increase or decrease of LDH was indicative of radiographic progress or improvement (P < 0.05). The time to LDH normalization (5.67 ± 0.55, days) was positively correlated with the time to radiographic absorption (5.57 ± 0.65 days, r = 0.53, P < 0.05). Applying the cut-off value of the increase in LDH has good specificity to predict disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Serum LDH was validated for its potential usefulness as markers for evaluating clinical severity and monitoring treatment response in COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ying Wu
- Department of Pulmonary, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.,Department of Pulmonary, The Affiliated Infectious Hospital of Soochow University, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Department of Pulmonary, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.,Department of Pulmonary, The Affiliated Infectious Hospital of Soochow University, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.,Department of Pulmonary, The Affiliated Infectious Hospital of Soochow University, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xin-Yun Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xia-Fang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.,Department of Pulmonary, The Affiliated Infectious Hospital of Soochow University, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Pei-Jun Tang
- Department of Pulmonary, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China. .,Department of Pulmonary, The Affiliated Infectious Hospital of Soochow University, 10 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215000, China. .,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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