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Sun B, Cheng X, Wu Q. The Endometrial Stem/Progenitor Cells and Their Niches. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1273-1284. [PMID: 38635126 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Endometrial stem/progenitor cells are a type of stem cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types. They exist in the endometrium and form niches with their neighbor cells and extracellular matrix. The interaction between endometrial stem/progenitor cells and niches plays an important role in maintaining, repairing, and regenerating the endometrial structure and function. This review will discuss the characteristics and functions of endometrial stem/progenitor cells and their niches, the mechanisms of their interaction, and their roles in endometrial regeneration and diseases. Finally, the prospects for their applications will also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Zhou Z, Wu X, Chen T, Zhang B, Li W, Zhou M, Zhao J, Dong E, Li T. Restoration of functional endometrium in an intrauterine adhesion rat model with endometrial stromal cells transplantation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:181. [PMID: 38902788 PMCID: PMC11191336 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03788-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) as a prevalent gynecological disease is developed from infection or trauma. However, therapeutic strategies to repair damaged endometrium are relatively limited. Emerging studies have shed light on the crucial role of endometrial stromal cells (EnSCs) in the process of uterine endometrial regeneration. EnSCs isolated from the uterine endometrium have similar characteristics to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, it is still unknown whether EnSCs could be used as donor cells to treat IUA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of EnSCs in treating rat IUA. METHODS Human EnSCs were isolated from the endometrial tissue of healthy female donors and subjected to extensive expansion and culture in vitro. Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, cell proliferation assay, trilineage differentiation experiment, and decidualization assay were used to characterize the biological properties of EnSCs. We evaluated the immunoregulatory potential of EnSCs by analyzing their secreted cytokines and conducting bulk RNA sequencing after IFN-γ treatment. After EnSCs were transplanted into the uterine muscle layer in IUA rats, their therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms were analyzed using histological analysis, Q-PCR, fertility and pregnancy outcome assay, and transcriptome analysis. RESULTS We successfully isolated EnSCs from the endometrium of human donors and largely expanded in vitro. EnSCs exhibited characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells and retained responsiveness to sex hormones. Following IFN-γ stimulation, EnSCs upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines and activated immunosuppressive molecules. Xenogeneic transplantation of EnSCs successfully repaired injured endometrium and significantly restored the pregnancy rate in IUA rats. Mechanistically, the therapeutic effects of EnSCs on IUA endometrium functioned through anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and the secretion of regeneration factor. CONCLUSIONS Due to their large expansion ability, immunoregulatory properties, and great potential in treating IUA, EnSCs, as a valuable source of donor cells, could offer a potential treatment avenue for injury-induced IUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, 650500, China
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - Tingwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jingxue Zhao
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650031, China
| | - E Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Tianqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Khorami-Sarvestani S, Vanaki N, Shojaeian S, Zarnani K, Stensballe A, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Zarnani AH. Placenta: an old organ with new functions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385762. [PMID: 38707901 PMCID: PMC11066266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition from oviparity to viviparity and the establishment of feto-maternal communications introduced the placenta as the major anatomical site to provide nutrients, gases, and hormones to the developing fetus. The placenta has endocrine functions, orchestrates maternal adaptations to pregnancy at different periods of pregnancy, and acts as a selective barrier to minimize exposure of developing fetus to xenobiotics, pathogens, and parasites. Despite the fact that this ancient organ is central for establishment of a normal pregnancy in eutherians, the placenta remains one of the least studied organs. The first step of pregnancy, embryo implantation, is finely regulated by the trophoectoderm, the precursor of all trophoblast cells. There is a bidirectional communication between placenta and endometrium leading to decidualization, a critical step for maintenance of pregnancy. There are three-direction interactions between the placenta, maternal immune cells, and the endometrium for adaptation of endometrial immune system to the allogeneic fetus. While 65% of all systemically expressed human proteins have been found in the placenta tissues, it expresses numerous placenta-specific proteins, whose expression are dramatically changed in gestational diseases and could serve as biomarkers for early detection of gestational diseases. Surprisingly, placentation and carcinogenesis exhibit numerous shared features in metabolism and cell behavior, proteins and molecular signatures, signaling pathways, and tissue microenvironment, which proposes the concept of "cancer as ectopic trophoblastic cells". By extensive researches in this novel field, a handful of cancer biomarkers has been discovered. This review paper, which has been inspired in part by our extensive experiences during the past couple of years, highlights new aspects of placental functions with emphasis on its immunomodulatory role in establishment of a successful pregnancy and on a potential link between placentation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khorami-Sarvestani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Vanaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorour Shojaeian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kayhan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang S, Tang H, Zhou M. Association between previous surgical termination of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles of IVF/ICSI: a retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6579. [PMID: 38503837 PMCID: PMC10951247 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57377-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of previous surgical termination of pregnancy (STP) on pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing FET cycles of IVF/ICSI. Retrospective cohort study. Reproductive Center of Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in Lianyungang city. Data were selected from all IVF/ICSI FET cycles performed between January 2014 and December 2020. A total of 761 cycles met the criteria were included in this study. The primary outcome measures were clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. Secondary outcome measures were biochemical pregnancy rate, spontaneous abortion rate, and preterm birth rate. After adjustments for a series of potential confounding factors, the previous STP was an influential factor in reducing FET cycle clinical pregnancy rate compared with women who had not previously undergone STP (OR = 0.614, 95% CI 0.413-0.911, P = 0.016). The effect of the previous STP on the live birth rate was not statistically significant. (OR = 0.745, 95% CI 0.495-1.122, P = 0.159). Also, an increase in the number of previous STPs relative to only 1-time abortion was an independent risk factor in reducing clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate (OR = 0.399,95% CI 0.162-0.982, p = 0.046; OR = 0.32,95% CI 0.119-0.857, p = 0.023). Previous STP was an independent factor contributing to the decline in FET cycle clinical pregnancy rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Qindongmen Avenue, Haizhou District, Lianyungang City, 22200, China.
| | - Hanhan Tang
- Graduate School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou City, 221004, China
| | - Minglian Zhou
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Qindongmen Avenue, Haizhou District, Lianyungang City, 22200, China
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Ulrich ND, Vargo A, Ma Q, Shen YC, Hannum DF, Gurczynski SJ, Moore BB, Schon S, Lieberman R, Shikanov A, Marsh EE, Fazleabas A, Li JZ, Hammoud SS. Cellular heterogeneity and dynamics of the human uterus in healthy premenopausal women. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.07.583985. [PMID: 38559249 PMCID: PMC10979868 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.07.583985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The human uterus is a complex and dynamic organ whose lining grows, remodels, and regenerates in every menstrual cycle or upon tissue damage. Here we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to profile more the 50,000 uterine cells from both the endometrium and myometrium of 5 healthy premenopausal individuals, and jointly analyzed the data with a previously published dataset from 15 subjects. The resulting normal uterus cell atlas contains more than 167K cells representing the lymphatic endothelium, blood endothelium, stromal, ciliated epithelium, unciliated epithelium, and immune cell populations. Focused analyses within each major cell type and comparisons with subtype labels from prior studies allowed us to document supporting evidence, resolve naming conflicts, and to propose a consensus annotation system of 39 subtypes. We release their gene expression centroids, differentially expressed genes, and mRNA patterns of literature-based markers as a shared community resource. We find many subtypes show dynamic changes over different phases of the cycle and identify multiple potential progenitor cells: compartment-wide progenitors for each major cell type, transitional cells that are upstream of other subtypes, and potential cross-lineage multipotent stromal progenitors that may be capable of replenishing the epithelial, stromal, and endothelial compartments. When compared to the healthy premenopausal samples, a postpartum and a postmenopausal uterus sample revealed substantially altered tissue composition, involving the rise or fall of stromal, endothelial, and immune cells. The cell taxonomy and molecular markers we report here are expected to inform studies of both basic biology of uterine function and its disorders. SIGNIFICANCE We present single-cell RNA sequencing data from seven individuals (five healthy pre-menopausal women, one post-menopausal woman, and one postpartum) and perform an integrated analysis of this data alongside 15 previously published scRNA-seq datasets. We identified 39 distinct cell subtypes across four major cell types in the uterus. By using RNA velocity analysis and centroid-centroid comparisons we identify multiple computationally predicted progenitor populations for each of the major cell compartments, as well as potential cross-compartment, multi-potent progenitors. While the function and interactions of these cell populations remain to be validated through future experiments, the markers and their "dual characteristics" that we describe will serve as a rich resource to the scientific community. Importantly, we address a significant challenge in the field: reconciling multiple uterine cell taxonomies being proposed. To achieve this, we focused on integrating historical and contemporary knowledge across multiple studies. By providing detailed evidence used for cell classification we lay the groundwork for establishing a stable, consensus cell atlas of the human uterus.
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Martire FG, Giorgi M, D’Abate C, Colombi I, Ginetti A, Cannoni A, Fedele F, Exacoustos C, Centini G, Zupi E, Lazzeri L. Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis in Adolescence: Early Diagnosis and Possible Prevention of Disease Progression. J Clin Med 2024; 13:550. [PMID: 38256683 PMCID: PMC10816815 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis has a prevalence of 10% worldwide in premenopausal women. Probably, endometriosis begins early in the life of young girls, and it is commonly diagnosed later in life. The prevalence of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) in adolescence is currently unknown due to diagnostic limits and underestimation of clinical symptoms. Dysmenorrhea is a common symptom in adolescents affected by DIE, often accompanied by dyspareunia and chronic acyclic pelvic pain. Ultrasonography-either performed transabdominal, transvaginal or transrectal-should be considered the first-line imaging technique despite the potential for missed diagnosis due to early-stage disease. Magnetic resonance imaging should be preferred in the case of virgo patients or when ultrasonographic exam is not accepted. Diagnostic laparoscopy is deemed acceptable in the case of suspected DIE not responding to conventional hormonal therapy. An early medical and/or surgical treatment may reduce disease progression with an immediate improvement in quality of life and fertility, but at the same time, painful symptoms may persist or even recur due to the surgery itself. The aim of this narrative review is to report the prevalence of DIE in adolescents, describe the pathogenetic theories and discuss the management in adolescent women, including the challenging road to diagnosis and the treatment alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giuseppe Martire
- Gynecological Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.G.M.); (C.E.)
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Matteo Giorgi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Claudia D’Abate
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Irene Colombi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Alessandro Ginetti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Alberto Cannoni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione “Policlinico-Mangiagalli-Regina Elena” University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Caterina Exacoustos
- Gynecological Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.G.M.); (C.E.)
| | - Gabriele Centini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Errico Zupi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Lucia Lazzeri
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.G.); (C.D.); (I.C.); (A.G.); (A.C.); (G.C.); (L.L.)
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Bausyte R, Vaigauskaite - Mazeikiene B, Borutinskaite V, Valatkaite E, Besusparis J, Valkiuniene RB, Kazenaite E, Ramasauskaite D, Navakauskiene R. Human endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells application in endometrial-factor induced infertility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1227487. [PMID: 37731819 PMCID: PMC10507732 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1227487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial-factor induced infertility remains one of the most significant pathology among all fertility disorders. Stem cell-based therapy is considered to be the next-generation approach. However, there are still issues about successfully retrieving human endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hEnMSCs). Moreover, we need to establish a better understanding of the effect of hEnMSCs on the endometrial recovery and the clinical outcome. According to these challenges we created a multi-step study. Endometrium samples were collected from females undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedure due to couple infertility. These samples were obtained using an endometrium scratching. The hEnMSCs were isolated from endometrium samples and characterized with flow cytometry analysis. Groups of endometrium injured female mice were established by the mechanical injury to uterine horns and the intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The hEnMSCs suspension was injected to some of the studied female mice at approved time intervals. Histological changes of mice uterine horns were evaluated after Masson's trichrome original staining, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The fertility assessment of mice was performed by counting formed embryo implantation sites (ISs). The expression of fibrosis related genes (Col1a1, Col3a1, Acta2, and CD44) was evaluated by the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results showed that endometrium scratching is an effective procedure for mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) collection from human endometrium. Isolated hEnMSCs met the criteria for defining MSCs. Moreover, hEnMSCs-based therapy had a demonstrably positive effect on the repair of damaged uterine horns, including a reduction of fibrosis, intensity of inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and the number of apoptotic bodies. The injured mice which recieved hEnMSCs had higher fertility in comparison to the untreated mice. Gene expression was reflected in histology changes and outcomes of conception. In conclusion, hEnMSCs demonstrated a positive impact on endometrium restoration and outcomes of endometrial-factor induced infertility. Further exploration is required in order to continue exploring the multifactorial associations between stem cell therapy, gene expression, endometrial changes and reproductive health, so we can identify individually effective and safe treatment strategies for endometrial-factor induced infertility, which is caused by mechanical effect or chemotherapy, in daily clinical practise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raminta Bausyte
- Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Brigita Vaigauskaite - Mazeikiene
- Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Veronika Borutinskaite
- Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Elvina Valatkaite
- Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Justinas Besusparis
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Center of Pathology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ruta Barbora Valkiuniene
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Center of Pathology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edita Kazenaite
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Diana Ramasauskaite
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ruta Navakauskiene
- Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Chen F, Gong YX, Xiao JJ, Jiang NH, Chen LM, Sui L. Construction and evaluation of intrauterine adhesion model in rats by different methods of mechanical injury. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 308:281-290. [PMID: 37142833 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-06926-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to establish a stable and effective animal model for the experimental study of intrauterine adhesion (IUA) by evaluating various mechanical injury methods. METHODS A total of 140 female rats were divided into four groups according to the extent and area of endometrial injury: group A (excision area: 2.0 × 0.5 cm2), group B (excision area: 2.0 × 0.25 cm2), group C (endometrial curettage) and group D (sham operation). On the 3rd, 7th, 15th and 30th day after the operation, the tissue samples of each group were collected, and the uterine cavity stenosis and histological changes were recorded by HE and Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry of CD31 was applied to visualize microvessel density (MVD). The pregnancy rate and the number of gestational sacs were used to evaluate the reproductive outcome. RESULTS The results showed that endometrium injured by small-area endometrial excision or simple curettage could be repaired. The ratio of fibrosis in groups A and B was higher than that in groups C and group D 30 days after modeling (P < 0.001). The number of endometrial glands and MVD in group A was significantly lower than those in groups B, C and D (P < 0.05). The pregnancy rate in group A was 20%, which was lower than that in groups B (33.3%), C (89%) and D (100%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Full-thickness endometrial excision has a high rate of success in constructing stable and effective IUA models in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ying-Xin Gong
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xiao
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ning-Hong Jiang
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Li-Mei Chen
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Long Sui
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, 419 Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Hojjat A, Mansour RN, Enderami SE, Hassannia H, Mahdavi M, Mellati A, Mehdipour Chari K, Salarinia R, Saburi E. The differentiation and generation of glucose-sensitive beta like-cells from menstrual blood-derived stem cells using an optimized differentiation medium with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152025. [PMID: 37058856 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Regarding their reversible damage of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) and the inefficiency of treatment methods for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), scientists decided to produce IPCs from an unlimited source of cells. But the production of these cells is constantly faced with problems such as low differentiation efficiency in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. This study provided an ideal differentiation medium enriched with plasma-rich platelet (PRP) delivery to produce IPCs from menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs). We compared them with and without PRP differentiation medium. MenSCs were then cultured in two experimental groups: with/without PRP differentiation medium and a control group (undifferentiated MenSCs). After 18 days, differentiated cells were analyzed for expression of pancreatic gene markers by real-time PCR. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the presence of insulin and Pdx-1 in the differentiated cells, and insulin and C-peptide secretion response to glucose were tested by ELISA. Finally, the morphology of differentiated cells was examined by an inverted microscope. In vitro studies showed that MenSCs differentiated in the PRP differentiation medium had strong properties of IPCs such as pancreatic islet-like structure. The expression of pancreatic markers at both RNA and protein levels showed that the differentiation efficiency was higher in the PRP differentiation medium. In both experimental groups, the differentiated cells were functional and secreted C-peptide and insulin on glucose stimulation, but the secretion of C-peptide and insulin in the PRP group was higher than those cultured in the without PRP differentiation medium. Our findings showed that using of PRP enriched differentiation medium can promote the differentiation of MenSCs into IPCs compared to the without PRP culture group. Therefore, the use of PRP into differentiation media can be proposed as a new approach to producing IPCs from MenSCs and used in cell-based therapies for T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Hojjat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Nassiri Mansour
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mahdavi
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Mellati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kayvan Mehdipour Chari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Salarinia
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Sciences, Bojnurd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
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10
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Gajbhiye RK. Endometriosis and inflammatory immune responses: Indian experience. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 89:e13590. [PMID: 35751585 PMCID: PMC7615030 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a public health disorder affecting ∼ 247 million women globally and ∼ 42 million women in India. Women with endometriosis suffer from dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dyschezia, fatigue, depression, and infertility leading to significant socioeconomic impact and morbidity. The etiology of endometriosis is not understood well even after 100 years of research. Currently, there is no permanent cure for endometriosis. The inflammatory immune response is one of the important features of etiopathogenesis of endometriosis and therefore understanding the inflammatory immune response would lead to a better understanding of this enigmatic disorder and may also lead to biomarker discovery for diagnosis of endometriosis. We investigated the autoimmune etiology of endometriosis in the Indian population. Using the proteomics approach, anti-endometrial antibodies (AEAs) were detected in Indian women with endometriosis [anti-endometrial antibodies - tropomyosin 3 (TPM3), stomatin-like protein2 (SLP-2), and tropomodulin 3 (TMOD3)]. The studies on AEAs provided a better understanding of autoimmune mechanisms in endometriosis. All three subtypes of endometriosis; superficial peritoneal, ovarian endometrioma, and deep infiltrating endometriosis were reported in Indian women. In this review, we discuss our experiences of the inflammatory immune response, autoimmunity, comorbidities, and clinical phenotypes in women with endometriosis in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul K Gajbhiye
- Clinical Research Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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11
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Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy for Stem Cell Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179878. [PMID: 36077277 PMCID: PMC9456088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have shown great potential functions for tissue regeneration and repair because of their unlimited self-renewal and differentiation. Stem cells reside in their niches, making them a hotspot for the development and diagnosis of diseases. Complex interactions between niches and stem cells create the balance between differentiation, self-renewal, maturation, and proliferation. However, the multi-facet applications of stem cells have been challenged since the complicated responses of stem cells to biological processes were explored along with the limitations of current systems or methods. Emerging evidence highlights that synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy, known as synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy, has been investigated as a potentially attractive technology with its non-invasive and non-biological probes in stem cell research. With their unique vibration bands, the quantitative mapping of the content and distribution of biomolecules can be detected and characterized in cells or tissues. In this review, we focus on the potential applications of synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy for investigating the differentiation and fate determination of stem cells.
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12
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Altered differentiation of endometrial mesenchymal stromal fibroblasts is associated with endometriosis susceptibility. Commun Biol 2022; 5:600. [PMID: 35725766 PMCID: PMC9209414 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular development is tightly regulated as mature cells with aberrant functions may initiate pathogenic processes. The endometrium is a highly regenerative tissue, shedding and regenerating each month. Endometrial stromal fibroblasts are regenerated each cycle from mesenchymal stem cells and play a pivotal role in endometriosis, a disease characterised by endometrial cells that grow outside the uterus. Why the cells of some women are more capable of developing into endometriosis lesions is not clear. Using isolated, purified and cultured endometrial cells of mesenchymal origin from 19 women with (n = 10) and without (n = 9) endometriosis we analysed the transcriptome of 33,758 individual cells and compared these to clinical characteristics and in vitro growth profiles. We show purified mesenchymal cell cultures include a mix of mesenchymal stem cells and two endometrial stromal fibroblast subtypes with distinct transcriptomic signatures indicative of varied progression through the differentiation processes. The fibroblast subgroup characterised by incomplete differentiation was predominantly (81%) derived from women with endometriosis and exhibited an altered in vitro growth profile. These results uncover an inherent difference in endometrial cells of women with endometriosis and highlight the relevance of cellular differentiation and its potential to contribute to disease susceptibility. Comparing single cell transcriptome data to clinical characteristics and in vitro growth profiles uncovers a potential role for divergent mesenchymal-derived stromal fibroblast maturation in endometriosis susceptibility.
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13
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Embryo-Maternal Communication under Healthy Conditions or Viral Infections: Lessons from a Bovine Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121858. [PMID: 35740987 PMCID: PMC9221285 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mesenchymal stem cells are a relevant cell population found in the maternal reproductive tract that exhibits the immunomodulation capacity required to prevent embryo rejection. The phenotypic plasticity showed by both endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSC) and embryonic trophoblast through mesenchymal to epithelial transition and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, respectively, is essential for embryo implantation. Embryonic trophoblast maintains active crosstalk via EVs and soluble proteins with eMSC and peripheral blood MSC (pbMSC) to ensure the retention of eMSC in case of pregnancy and induce the chemotaxis of pbMSC, critical for successful implantation. Early pregnancy-related proteins and angiogenic markers are detected as cargo in EVs and the soluble fraction of the embryonic trophectoderm secretome. The pattern of protein secretion in trophectoderm-EVs changes depending on their epithelial or mesenchymal phenotype and due to the uptake of MSC EVs. However, the changes in this EV-mediated communication between maternal and embryonic MSC populations infected by viruses that cause abortions in cattle are poorly understood. They are critical in the investigation of reproductive viral pathologies.
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14
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Gorsek Sparovec T, Markert UR, Reif P, Schoell W, Moser G, Feichtinger J, Mihalic ZN, Kargl J, Gargett CE, Gold D. The fate of human SUSD2+ endometrial mesenchymal stem cells during decidualization. Stem Cell Res 2022; 60:102671. [PMID: 35093718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of the endometrial stromal compartment in premenopausal women is likely maintained by the perivascular endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSC) expressing sushi domain containing 2 (SUSD2). The fate of SUSD2+ eMSC during pregnancy and their role in decidualization is not fully known. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of progesterone on the stemness of the SUSD2+ eMSC isolated from non-pregnant uterine samples. Secondary objectives were to characterize the functional capacity including differentiation and clonogenicity assays of SUSD2+ eMSC isolated from decidua at full term and compare it to the capacity of those isolated from non-pregnant uterine samples. Progesterone treatment induced changes in the decidual gene expression profile in non-pregnant SUSD2+ eMSC. Data analysis of a publicly available single cell RNA-seq data set revealed differential expression of several mesenchymal and epithelial signature genes between the SUSD2+ eMSC and the decidual stromal cells, suggesting mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition occurs during decidualization. Histological analysis revealed a significantly lower abundance of SUSD2+ eMSC in 1st trimester and full term samples compared to non-pregnant samples, p = 0.0296 and 0.005, respectively. The differentiation and the colony forming capacity did not differ significantly between the cells isolated from non-pregnant and pregnant uterine samples. Our results suggest that SUSD2+ eMSC undergo decidualization in vitro, while maintaining MSC plasma membrane phenotype. Human eMSC seem to play an important role in the course of endometrial decidualization and embryo implantation. Pregnancy reduced the abundance of SUSD2+ eMSC, however eMSC function remains intact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Philipp Reif
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Schoell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Gerit Moser
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Julia Feichtinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Zala Nikita Mihalic
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Julia Kargl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Caroline E Gargett
- Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Australia.
| | - Daniela Gold
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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15
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Kusuma GD, Georgiou HM, Perkins AV, Abumaree MH, Brennecke SP, Kalionis B. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Role in Oxidative Stress Associated with Preeclampsia. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022; 95:115-127. [PMID: 35370491 PMCID: PMC8961706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious medically important disorder of human pregnancy, which features de novo pregnancy-induced hypertension and proteinuria. The severe form of PE can progress to eclampsia, a convulsive, life-threatening condition. When placental growth and perfusion are abnormal, the placenta experiences oxidative stress and subsequently secretes abnormal amounts of certain pro-angiogenic factors (eg, PlGF) as well as anti-angiogenic factors (eg, sFlt-1) that enter the maternal circulation. The net effect is damage to the maternal vascular endothelium, which subsequently manifests as the clinical features of PE. Other than delivery of the fetus and placenta, curative treatments for PE have not yet been forthcoming, which reflects the complexity of the clinical syndrome. A major source of reactive oxygen species that contributes to the widespread maternal vascular endothelium damage is the PE-affected decidua. The role of decidua-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) in normotensive and pathological placenta development is poorly understood. The ability to respond to an environment of oxidative damage is a "universal property" of MSC but the biological mechanisms that MSC employ in response to oxidative stress are compromised in PE. In this review, we discuss how MSC respond to oxidative stress in normotensive and pathological conditions. We also consider the possibility of manipulating the oxidative stress response of abnormal MSC as a therapeutic strategy to treat preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina D. Kusuma
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Maternal-Fetal
Medicine, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harry M. Georgiou
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Maternal-Fetal
Medicine, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony V. Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute
Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mohamed H. Abumaree
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King
Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City,
Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences,
College of Science and Health Professions, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry
of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun P. Brennecke
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Maternal-Fetal
Medicine, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bill Kalionis
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,Pregnancy Research Centre, Department of Maternal-Fetal
Medicine, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,To whom all correspondence should be addressed:
Dr. Bill Kalionis, Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Pregnancy Research
Centre Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia;
; ORCID iD:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-9858
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16
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Jing Y, Liang W, Zhang L, Tang J, Huang Z. The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Induction of Cancer-Stem Cell Phenotype. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817971. [PMID: 35251985 PMCID: PMC8891610 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) modify and form their microenvironment by recruiting and activating specific cell types such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Tumor-infiltrating MSCs help to establish a suitable tumor microenvironment for the restoration of CSCs and tumor progression. In addition, crosstalk between cancer cells and MSCs in the microenvironment induces a CSC phenotype in cancer cells. Many mechanisms are involved in crosstalk between CSCs/cancer cells and MSCs including cell-cell interaction, secretion of exosomes, and paracrine secretion of several molecules including inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and growth factors. Since this crosstalk may contribute to drug resistance, metastasis, and tumor growth, it is suggested that blockade of the crosstalk between MSCs and CSCs/cancer cells can provide a new avenue to improving the cancer therapeutic tools. In this review, we will discuss the role of MSCs in the induction of cancer stem cell phenotype and the restoration of CSCs. We also discuss targeting the crosstalk between MSCs and CSCs/cancer cells as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanming Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Junjun Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zongliang Huang, ; Junjun Tang ,
| | - Zongliang Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zongliang Huang, ; Junjun Tang ,
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17
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Kirkwood PM, Shaw IW, Saunders PTK. Mechanisms of Scarless Repair at Time of Menstruation: Insights From Mouse Models. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 3:801843. [PMID: 36304046 PMCID: PMC9580659 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2021.801843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The human endometrium is a remarkable tissue which may experience up to 400 cycles of hormone-driven proliferation, differentiation and breakdown during a woman's reproductive lifetime. During menstruation, when the luminal portion of tissue breaks down, it resembles a bloody wound with piecemeal shedding, exposure of underlying stroma and a strong inflammatory reaction. In the absence of pathology within a few days the integrity of the tissue is restored without formation of a scar and the endometrium is able to respond appropriately to subsequent endocrine signals in preparation for establishment of pregnancy if fertilization occurs. Understanding mechanisms regulating scarless repair of the endometrium is important both for design of therapies which can treat conditions where this is aberrant (heavy menstrual bleeding, fibroids, endometriosis, Asherman's syndrome) as well as to provide new information that might allow us to reduce fibrosis and scar formation in other tissues. Menstruation only occurs naturally in species that exhibit spontaneous stromal cell decidualization during the fertile cycle such as primates (including women) and the Spiny mouse. To take advantage of genetic models and detailed time course analysis, mouse models of endometrial shedding/repair involving hormonal manipulation, artificial induction of decidualization and hormone withdrawal have been developed and refined. These models are useful in modeling dynamic changes across the time course of repair and have recapitulated key features of endometrial repair in women including local hypoxia and immune cell recruitment. In this review we will consider the evidence that scarless repair of endometrial tissue involves changes in stromal cell function including mesenchyme to epithelial transition, epithelial cell proliferation and multiple populations of immune cells. Processes contributing to endometrial fibrosis (Asherman's syndrome) as well as scarless repair of other tissues including skin and oral mucosa are compared to that of menstrual repair.
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18
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Wang DH, Wu XM, Chen JS, Cai ZG, An JH, Zhang MY, Li Y, Li FP, Hou R, Liu YL. Isolation and characterization mesenchymal stem cells from red panda ( Ailurus fulgens styani) endometrium. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 10:coac004. [PMID: 35211318 PMCID: PMC8862722 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) are undifferentiated endometrial cells with self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation and high proliferation potential. Nowadays, eMSCs have been found in a few species, but it has never been reported in endangered wild animals, especially the red panda. In this study, we successfully isolated and characterized the eMSCs derived from red panda. Red panda eMSCs were fibroblast-like, had a strong proliferative potential and a stable chromosome number. Pluripotency genes including Klf4, Sox2 and Thy1 were highly expressed in eMSCs. Besides, cultured eMSCs were positive for MSC markers CD44, CD49f and CD105 and negative for endothelial cell marker CD31 and haematopoietic cell marker CD34. Moreover, no reference RNA-seq was used to analyse the eMSCs transcriptional expression profile and key pathways. Compared with skin fibroblast cell group, 9104 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, among which are 5034 genes upregulated, 4070 genes downregulated and the top 20 enrichment pathways of DEGs in Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes Genomes (KEGG) mainly associated with G-protein coupled receptor signalling pathway, carbohydrate derivative binding, nucleoside binding, ribosome biogenesis, cell cycle, DNA replication, Ras signalling pathway and purine metabolism. Among the DEGs, some representative genes about promoting MSCs differentiation and proliferation were upregulated and promoting fibroblasts proliferation were downregulated in eMSCs group. Red panda eMSCs also had multiple differentiation ability and could differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes and hepatocytes. In conclusion, we, for the first time, isolated and characterized the red panda eMSCs with ability of multiplication and multilineage differentiation in vitro. The new multipotential stem cell could be beneficial not only for the germ plasm resources conservation of red panda, but also for basic or pre-clinical studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hui Wang
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue-Mei Wu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia-Song Chen
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Cai
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun-Hui An
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ming-Yue Zhang
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fei-Ping Li
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rong Hou
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu-Liang Liu
- Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda, 1375 Panda Road, Northern Suburb, Chengdu, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
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19
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Sanchez-Mata A, Gonzalez-Muñoz E. Understanding menstrual blood-derived stromal/stem cells: Definition and properties. Are we rushing into their therapeutic applications? iScience 2021; 24:103501. [PMID: 34917895 PMCID: PMC8646170 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties have been identified in menstrual blood and termed menstrual blood-derived stem/stromal cells (MenSCs). MenSCs have been proposed as ideal candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and immune-related diseases. However, MenSCs identity has been loosely defined so far and there is controversy regarding their cell markers and differentiation potential. In this review, we outline the origin of MenSCs in the context of regenerating human endometrium, with attention to endometrial eMSCs as reference cells to understand MenSCs. We summarize the cell identity markers analyzed and the immunomodulatory and reparative properties reported. We also address the recent use of MenSCs in cell reprogramming. The main goal of this review is to contribute to the understanding of the identity and properties of MenSCs as well as to identify potential caveats and new venues that deserve to be explored to strengthen their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Sanchez-Mata
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cell Reprogramming (LARCel), Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Elena Gonzalez-Muñoz
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cell Reprogramming (LARCel), Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), 29071 Málaga, Spain
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20
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Tempest N, Hill CJ, Maclean A, Marston K, Powell SG, Al-Lamee H, Hapangama DK. Novel microarchitecture of human endometrial glands: implications in endometrial regeneration and pathologies. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 28:153-171. [PMID: 34875046 PMCID: PMC8888994 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human endometrium remains a poorly understood tissue of the female reproductive tract. The superficial endometrial functionalis, the site of embryo implantation, is repeatedly shed with menstruation, and the stem cell-rich deeper basalis is postulated to be responsible for the regeneration of the functionalis. Two recent manuscripts have demonstrated the 3D architecture of endometrial glands. These manuscripts have challenged and replaced the prevailing concept that these glands end in blind pouches in the basalis layer that contain stem cells in crypts, as in the intestinal mucosa, providing a new paradigm for endometrial glandular anatomy. This necessitates re-evaluation of the available evidence on human endometrial regeneration in both health and disease in the context of this previously unknown endometrial glandular arrangement. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this review is to determine if the recently discovered glandular arrangement provides plausible explanations for previously unanswered questions related to human endometrial biology. Specifically, it will focus on re-appraising the theories related to endometrial regeneration, location of stem/progenitor cells and endometrial pathologies in the context of this recently unravelled endometrial glandular organization. SEARCH METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted from inception to April 2021 using multiple databases, including PubMed/Web of Science/EMBASE/Scopus, to select studies using keywords applied to endometrial glandular anatomy and regeneration, and the references included in selected publications were also screened. All relevant publications were included. OUTCOMES The human endometrial glands have a unique and complex architecture; branched basalis glands proceed in a horizontal course adjacent to the myometrium, as opposed to the non-branching, vertically coiled functionalis glands, which run parallel to each other as is observed in intestinal crypts. This complex network of mycelium-like, interconnected basalis glands is demonstrated to contain endometrial epithelial stem cells giving rise to single, non-branching functionalis glands. Several previous studies that have tried to confirm the existence of epithelial stem cells have used methodologies that prevent sampling of the stem cell-rich basalis. More recent findings have provided insight into the efficient regeneration of the human endometrium, which is preferentially evolved in humans and menstruating upper-order primates. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The unique physiological organization of the human endometrial glandular element, its relevance to stem cell activity and scarless endometrial regeneration will inform reproductive biologists and clinicians to direct their future research to determine disease-specific alterations in glandular anatomy in a variety of endometrial pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tempest
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK.,Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK.,Hewitt Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christopher J Hill
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alison Maclean
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK.,Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kathleen Marston
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
| | - Simon G Powell
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hannan Al-Lamee
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK.,Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK.,Hewitt Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dharani K Hapangama
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Centre for Women's Health Research, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK.,Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Member of Liverpool Health Partners, Liverpool, UK
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21
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Valatkaitė E, Baušytė R, Vitkevičienė A, Ramašauskaitė D, Navakauskienė R. Decidualization Potency and Epigenetic Changes in Human Endometrial Origin Stem Cells During Propagation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:765265. [PMID: 34869358 PMCID: PMC8640123 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.765265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human endometrium derived mesenchymal stem cells (hEndSCs) offer a great promise for regenerative medicine and reproductive system disorders treatment methods based on cell therapy due to their broad differentiation potential and highly efficient proliferation. In our study, we investigated the characteristics of hEndSCs that were isolated from two sources: endometrium and menstrual blood, which both contain endometrial origin stem cells. Changes in gene and protein expression levels during long-term cultivation and decidualization potential were examined in endometrial stem cells (EndSCs) and menstrual blood stem cells (MenSCs). The decidualization process was induced on early and late passages of hEndSCs using dibutyryl cyclic-AMP (db-cAMP) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) agents. We demonstrated that after long-term cultivation of hEndSCs the expression of typical mesenchymal stromal cell surface markers such as CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and perivascular marker CD146 remains at a similar level throughout long-term cultivation. Additionally, hematopoietic and endothelial markers CD34, CD45 were also tested, they were negative in all cases. Analyzed stem cells gene markers, such as OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, showed similar expression in all passages of hEndSCs. RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the expression of cell cycle control associated genes - CDK2, CCNA2, CCNE2, p21, p53 and Rb, among all groups was very similar. Expression of genes associated with senescence (ATM, JUND, TOP2A, MYC) was maintained at a similar level throughout passaging. In addition, Western blot analysis was used to assess changes in proteins’ levels associated to epigenetics (EZH2, SUZ12, H3K27me3) and cell cycle control (cyclinE1, p53) during long-term cultivation. The levels of proteins associated with epigenetic changes were fluctuated slightly depending on the patient. Also, we demonstrated that in all induced hEndSCs the expression of decidualization markers Prolactin (PRL), IGFBP1 and WNT4 was upregulated. In conclusion, we demonstrated successful decidualization of stem cells derived from two reproductive system resources: endometrium and menstrual blood by using db-cAMP and MPA regardless of the length of the stem cell passaging. According these findings, we suppose that endometrium derived stem cells and menstrual blood derived stem cells could have a potency not only for endometrium tissue regeneration, but could also become a successful therapy for reproductive system disorders, including infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvina Valatkaitė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raminta Baušytė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Centre of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aida Vitkevičienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Diana Ramašauskaitė
- Centre of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Navakauskienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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22
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Stem cell-based therapy for ameliorating intrauterine adhesion and endometrium injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:556. [PMID: 34717746 PMCID: PMC8557001 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02620-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion refers to endometrial repair disorders which are usually caused by uterine injury and may lead to a series of complications such as abnormal menstrual bleeding, recurrent abortion and secondary infertility. At present, therapeutic approaches to intrauterine adhesion are limited due to the lack of effective methods to promote regeneration following severe endometrial injury. Therefore, to develop new methods to prevent endometrial injury and intrauterine adhesion has become an urgent need. For severely damaged endometrium, the loss of stem cells in the endometrium may affect its regeneration. This article aimed to discuss the characteristics of various stem cells and their applications for uterine tissue regeneration.
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23
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The Role of miRNAs 340-5p, 92a-3p, and 381-3p in Patients with Endometriosis: A Plasma and Mesenchymal Stem-Like Cell Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5298006. [PMID: 34631883 PMCID: PMC8494557 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5298006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Endometriosis is the most prevalent gynecological disease with elusive etiology. The mysterious entity and the lack of noninvasive diagnostic methods affect women's lives negatively. This study is aimed at finding the relationship between miR-340-5p, 92a-3p, and miR-381-3p and the pathogenesis of endometriosis in endometrial mesenchymal stem-like cells (eMSCs) of endometriosis and assessing their potential as a noninvasive biomarker in plasma. Methods Peripheral blood and eMSC specimens were collected from suspected women of endometriosis before laparoscopy. Total RNA was isolated from plasma and cultured eMSCs to synthesize complementary DNA. The expression of miR-340-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-381-3p was analyzed by RT-qPCR. To understand these miRNAs' role, we also did a bioinformatic analysis. Results There was a downregulation of miR-340-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-381-3p in plasma, and the upregulation of miR-340-5p and the downregulation of miR-92a-3p and miR-381-3p in eMSCs of women with endometriosis. There was a positive concordance between the expression of miR-92a-3p and miR-381-3p in plasma and eMSCs. Our study also showed three genes, Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 8 (SLC6A8), Zinc Finger Protein 264 (ZNF264), and mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), as common targets of these miRNAs. Conclusions This study has been one of the first attempts to examine the expression of miR-340-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-381-3p in both plasma and eMSCs and revealed their possible role in endometriosis based on in silico analysis. Biomarkers pave the way to develop a new therapeutic approach to the management or treatment of endometriosis patients. Our result as a first report shows that combined levels of miRNAs 340-5p and 381-3p may have the potential to be utilized as diagnostic biomarkers for endometriosis.
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24
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Aghajanova L, Sundaram V, Kao CN, Letourneau JM, Manvelyan E, Cedars MI, Huddleston HG. Autologous platelet-rich plasma treatment for moderate-severe Asherman syndrome: the first experience. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:2955-2963. [PMID: 34613578 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment of Asherman syndrome (AS) presents a significant clinical challenge. Based on our in vitro data showing that PRP could activate endometrial cell proliferation and migration, we hypothesized that intrauterine infusion of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may improve endometrial regeneration and fertility outcomes in patients with moderate-severe AS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects with moderate-severe AS were randomized to PRP or saline control administered following hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. Due to relative inability to randomize patients to the control group, after initial randomization of 10 subjects (6 in PRP and 4 in control groups), the remainder were prospectively enrolled in PRP group (n = 9), with 11 historic controls added to control group, for a total of 30 subjects (PRP n = 15; saline control n = 15). Right after hysteroscopy, 0.5-1 mL of PRP or saline was infused into the uterus via a Wallace catheter, followed by estrogen therapy. The primary outcomes were changes in endometrial thickness (EMT, checked in 3 weeks) and in menstrual flow; secondary outcomes were pregnancy and live birth rates. EMT and menstrual bleeding pattern were assessed before and after the intervention. Pregnancy was assessed over a 6-month period. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in age, gravidity/parity, cause of AS, preoperative menses assessment, AS hysteroscopy score, and intrauterine balloon placement between the groups. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.79) in EMT pre-PRP infusion for control (5.7 mm, 4.0-6.0) and study arm (5.3 mm, 4.9-6.0). There was no statistically significant change (p = 0.78) in EMT after PRP infusion (1.4 mm, - 0.5-2.4) vs saline (1.0 mm, 0.0-2.5). Patients tolerated the procedure well, with no adverse effects. There was no difference in the predicted likelihood of pregnancy (p = 0.45) between the control (0.67, 0.41-0.85) and study arm (0.53, 0.29-0.76). CONCLUSIONS PRP was well accepted and tolerated in AS patients. However, we did not observe any significant EMT increase or improved pregnancy rates after adding PRP infusion, compared to standard treatment only. The use of intrauterine PRP infusion may be a feasible option, and its potential use must be tested on a larger sample size of AS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Aghajanova
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1195 West Fremont Avenue, MC 7717, Sunnyvale, CA, 94087, USA.
| | - Viji Sundaram
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Ning Kao
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph M Letourneau
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Evelyna Manvelyan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marcelle I Cedars
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heather G Huddleston
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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25
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Jin Z, Zhang Y, Li J, Lv S, Zhang L, Feng Y. Endometriosis stem cell sources and potential therapeutic targets: literature review and bioinformatics analysis. Regen Med 2021; 16:949-962. [PMID: 34585967 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem cell origin theory of endometriosis (EMS) is a significant area of new research but the sources of this have yet to be adequately summarized. Existing treatments for EMS are commonly associated with a high recurrence rate; consequently, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic measures for the future treatment of this disease from the view of stem cells and gene therapy. Recently, we described the evidence for the potential sources of EMS stem cells and other key molecules participating in the establishment of lesions, and predict the miRNAs that target these key genes via bioinformatics analysis for further research. This review highlights the origin of EMS stem cells and potential therapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China.,The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Yize Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China.,The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Public Health of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Sidi Lv
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China.,The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- The First Hospital of Handan City, Hebei, 056004, China
| | - Ying Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330006, China
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26
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Hennes DMZB, Rosamilia A, Werkmeister JA, Gargett CE, Mukherjee S. Endometrial SUSD2 + Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Tissue Engineering: Advances in Novel Cellular Constructs for Pelvic Organ Prolapse. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11090840. [PMID: 34575617 PMCID: PMC8471527 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular therapy is an emerging field in clinical and personalised medicine. Many adult mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSC) or pluripotent derivatives are being assessed simultaneously in preclinical trials for their potential treatment applications in chronic and degenerative human diseases. Endometrial mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (eMSC) have been identified as clonogenic cells that exist in unique perivascular niches within the uterine endometrium. Compared with MSC isolated from other tissue sources, such as bone marrow and adipose tissue, eMSC can be extracted through less invasive methods of tissue sampling, and they exhibit improvements in potency, proliferative capacity, and control of culture-induced differentiation. In this review, we summarize the potential cell therapy and tissue engineering applications of eMSC in pelvic organ prolapse (POP), emphasising their ability to exert angiogenic and strong immunomodulatory responses that improve tissue integration of novel surgical constructs for POP and promote vaginal tissue healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Z. B. Hennes
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Pelvic Floor Disorders Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: (D.M.Z.B.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Anna Rosamilia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Pelvic Floor Disorders Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Jerome A. Werkmeister
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Caroline E. Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Shayanti Mukherjee
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (A.R.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: (D.M.Z.B.H.); (S.M.)
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27
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de Miguel-Gómez L, Romeu M, Pellicer A, Cervelló I. Strategies for managing asherman's syndrome and endometrial atrophy: Since the classical experimental models to the new bioengineering approach. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:527-543. [PMID: 34293229 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial function is essential for embryo implantation and pregnancy, but managing endometrial thickness that is too thin to support pregnancy or an endometrium of compromised functionality due to intrauterine adhesions is an ongoing challenge in reproductive medicine. Here, we review current and emerging therapeutic and experimental options for endometrial regeneration with a focus on animal models used to study solutions for Asherman's syndrome and endometrial atrophy, which both involve a damaged endometrium. A review of existing literature was performed that confirmed the lack of consensus on endometrial therapeutic options, though promising new alternatives have emerged in recent years (platelet-rich plasma, exosomes derived from stem cells, bioengineering-based techniques, endometrial organoids, among others). In the future, basic research using established experimental models of endometrial pathologies (combined with new high-tech solutions) and human clinical trials with large population sizes are needed to evaluate these emerging and new endometrial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía de Miguel-Gómez
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
- University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica Romeu
- Reproductive Medicine Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
- Women's Health Area, Human Reproduction Unit, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Irene Cervelló
- Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (FIVI), La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
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28
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Gao Y, Wu G, Xu Y, Zhao D, Zheng L. Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Asherman Syndrome: Promises and Challenges. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211020734. [PMID: 34105392 PMCID: PMC8193648 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211020734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Asherman syndrome (AS) has an adverse effect on reproductive health and fertility by affecting endometrial regeneration. Stem cell-based therapies hold promise for future use in activating non-functional endometrium and reconstructing the endometrium in vivo. It has been postulated that various endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) are responsible for endometrial regeneration. Numerous studies have focused on bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMDSCs), which may provide new ideas for repairing endometrial lesions and reconstructing the endometrium. Other sources of stem cells, such as menstrual blood, umbilical cord, and amniotic membrane, have also attracted much attention as candidates for transplantation in AS. This review discusses the features and specific biomarkers among four types of resident endometrial stem cells, applications of four different sources of exogenous stem cells in AS, and development of stem cell therapy using biomaterials and exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Gao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guijie Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Donghai Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin, China
| | - Lianwen Zheng
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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29
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Shatrova AN, Burova EB, Kharchenko MV, Smirnova IS, Lyublinskaya OG, Nikolsky NN, Borodkina AV. Outcomes of Deferoxamine Action on H 2O 2-Induced Growth Inhibition and Senescence Progression of Human Endometrial Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116035. [PMID: 34204881 PMCID: PMC8199751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are broadly applied in regenerative therapy to replace cells that are lost or impaired during disease. The low survival rate of MSCs after transplantation is one of the major limitations heavily influencing the success of the therapy. Unfavorable microenvironments with inflammation and oxidative stress in the damaged regions contribute to MSCs loss. Most of the strategies developed to overcome this obstacle are aimed to prevent stress-induced apoptosis, with little attention paid to senescence—another common stress reaction of MSCs. Here, we proposed the strategy to prevent oxidative stress-induced senescence of human endometrial stem cells (hMESCs) based on deferoxamine (DFO) application. DFO prevented DNA damage and stress-induced senescence of hMESCs, as evidenced by reduced levels of reactive oxygen species, lipofuscin, cyclin D1, decreased SA-β-Gal activity, and improved mitochondrial function. Additionally, DFO caused accumulation of HIF-1α, which may contribute to the survival of H2O2-treated cells. Importantly, cells that escaped senescence due to DFO preconditioning preserved all the properties of the initial hMESCs. Therefore, once protecting cells from oxidative damage, DFO did not alter further hMESCs functioning. The data obtained may become the important prerequisite for development of a new strategy in regenerative therapy based on MSCs preconditioning using DFO.
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30
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Rahimipour M, Jafarabadi M, Salehnia M. In Vitro Implantation Model Using Human Endometrial SUSD2+ Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:154-163. [PMID: 34096216 PMCID: PMC8181319 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.6979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated a novel in vitro implantation model using human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells
(EMSCs), SUSD2+, and myometrial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that were co-cultured with mouse blastocysts as the
surrogate embryo.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, SUSD2+ MSCs were isolated from human endometrial cell
suspensions (ECS) at the fourth passage by magnetic-activated cell sorting. The ECS and SUSD2+ cells were
separately co-cultured with human myometrial muscle cells for five days. After collection of mouse blastocysts, the
embryos were placed on top of the co-cultured cells for 48 hours. The interaction between the embryo and the cultured
cells was assessed morphologically at the histological and ultrastructural levels, and by expression profiles of genes
related to implantation.
Results Photomicrographs showed that trophoblastic cells grew around the embryonic cells and attached to theECS
and SUSD2+ cells. Ultrastructural observations revealed pinopode and microvilli-like structures on the surfaces of both
the ECS and SUSD2+ cells. Morphologically, the embryos developed to the egg-cylinder stage in both groups. Gene
expression analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups in the presence of an embryo, but an
increased expression of αV was detected in SUSD2+ cells compared to ECS cells in the absence of an embryo.
Conclusion This study showed that SUSD2+ cells co-cultured with SMCs could interact with mouse embryos. The
co-cultured cells could potentially be used as an implantation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Rahimipour
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Jafarabadi
- Reproductive Health Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Salehnia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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31
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Lv Q, Wang L, Luo X, Chen X. Adult stem cells in endometrial regeneration: Molecular insights and clinical applications. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:379-394. [PMID: 34014590 PMCID: PMC8362170 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial damage is an important cause of female reproductive problems, manifested as menstrual abnormalities, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and other complications. These conditions are collectively termed "Asherman syndrome" (AS) and are typically associated with recurrent induced pregnancy terminations, repeated diagnostic curettage and intrauterine infections. Cancer treatment also has unexpected detrimental side effects on endometrial function in survivors independently of ovarian effects. Endometrial stem cells act in the regeneration of the endometrium and in repair through direct differentiation or paracrine effects. Nonendometrial adult stem cells, such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, with autologous and allogenic applications, can also repair injured endometrial tissue in animal models of AS and in human studies. However, there remains a lack of research on the repair of the damaged endometrium after the reversal of tumors, especially endometrial cancers. Here, we review the biological mechanisms of endometrial regeneration, and research progress and challenges for adult stem cell therapy for damaged endometrium, and discuss the potential applications of their use for endometrial repair after cancer remission, especially in endometrial cancers. Successful application of such cells will improve reproductive parameters in patients with AS or cancer. Significance: The endometrium is the fertile ground for embryos, but damage to the endometrium will greatly impair female fertility. Adult stem cells combined with tissue engineering scaffold materials or not have made great progress in repairing the injured endometrium due to benign lesions. However, due to the lack of research on the repair of the damaged endometrium caused by malignant tumors or tumor therapies, the safety and effectiveness of such stem cell-based therapies need to be further explored. This review focuses on the molecular insights and clinical application potential of adult stem cells in endometrial regeneration and discusses the possible challenges or difficulties that need to be overcome in stem cell-based therapies for tumor survivors. The development of adult stem cell-related new programs will help repair damaged endometrium safely and effectively and meet fertility needs in tumor survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoying Lv
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuezhen Luo
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Loss of Cxcr4 in Endometriosis Reduces Proliferation and Lesion Number while Increasing Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Infiltration. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1292-1302. [PMID: 33964217 PMCID: PMC8261475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis occurs in endometriosis; the therapeutic potential of treatments aimed at global inhibition of the axis was recently reported. Because CXCR4 is predominantly expressed on epithelial cells in the uterus, this study explored the effects of targeted disruption of CXCR4 in endometriosis lesions. Uteri derived from adult female mice homozygous for a floxed allele of CXCR4 and co-expressing Cre recombinase under control of progesterone receptor promoter were sutured onto the peritoneum of cycling host mice expressing the green fluorescent protein. Four weeks after endometriosis induction, significantly lower number of lesions developed in Cxcr4-conditional knockout lesions relative to those in controls (37.5% vs. 68.8%, respectively). In lesions that developed in Cxcr4-knockout, reduced epithelial proliferation was associated with a lower ratio of epithelial to total lesion area compared with controls. Furthermore, while CD3+ lymphocytes were largely excluded from the epithelial compartment in control lesions, in Cxcr4-knockout lesions, CD3+ lymphocytes infiltrated the Cxcr4-deficient epithelium in the diestrus and proestrus stages. Current data demonstrate that local CXCR4 expression is necessary for proliferation of the epithelial compartment of endometriosis lesions, that its downregulation compromises lesion numbers, and suggest a role for epithelial CXCR4 in lesion immune evasion.
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Masuda H, Schwab KE, Filby CE, Tan CSC, Tsaltas J, Weston GC, Gargett CE. Endometrial stem/progenitor cells in menstrual blood and peritoneal fluid of women with and without endometriosis. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 43:3-13. [PMID: 34011465 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Are endometrial stem/progenitor cells shed into uterine menstrual blood (UMB) and the peritoneal cavity in women with and without endometriosis during menstruation? DESIGN Women with (n = 32) and without endometriosis (n = 29) at laparoscopy (total 61), carried out during the menstrual (n = 41) and non-menstrual phase (n = 20) were recruited. The UMB, peritoneal fluid and peripheral blood were analysed by clonogenicity assay and flow cytometry to quantify the concentrations of endometrial clonogenic cells, SUSD2+ mesenchymal stem cells (eMSC) and N-cadherin+ epithelial progenitor cells (eEPC). RESULTS Clonogenic endometrial cells, eMSC and eEPC were found in most UMB samples at similar concentrations in women with and without endometriosis. In contrast, 62.5% of women with endometriosis and 75.0% without (controls) had clonogenic cells in peritoneal fluid samples during menses. The eMSC were present in the peritoneal fluid of 76.9% of women with endometriosis and 44.4% without, and eEPC were found in the peritoneal fluid of 60.0% of women with and 25.0% without endometriosis during menses. Median clonogenic, eMSC and eEPC concentrations in peritoneal fluid were not significantly different between groups. More clonogenic cells persisted beyond the menstrual phase in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis (menstrual 119/ml [0-1360/ml] versus non-menstrual 8.5/ml [0-387/ml]; P = 0.277) compared with controls (menstrual 76.5/ml [1-1378/ml] versus non-menstrual 0/ml [0-14/ml]; P = 0.0362). No clonogenic endometrial cells were found in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS Clonogenic endometrial cells, SUSD2+ eMSC and N-cadherin+ eEPC are present in UMB and the peritoneal fluid of women with and without endometriosis. Further study of the function of these cells may shed light on the cellular origins of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Masuda
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, TRF L5, 27-31 Wright Street Clayton VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Kjiana E Schwab
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, TRF L5, 27-31 Wright Street Clayton VIC 3168, Australia
| | - C E Filby
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, TRF L5, 27-31 Wright Street Clayton VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Charmaine S C Tan
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, TRF L5, 27-31 Wright Street Clayton VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Jim Tsaltas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Gareth C Weston
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia; Monash IVF, Clayton Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Caroline E Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, TRF L5, 27-31 Wright Street Clayton VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia.
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An Overview on the Conservative Management of Endometriosis from a Naturopathic Perspective: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030587. [PMID: 33804660 PMCID: PMC8003677 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is a chronic and debilitating disease, which affects millions of young women worldwide. Although medicine has incontestably evolved in the last years, there is no common ground regarding the early and accurate diagnosis of this condition, its pathogenic mechanisms, and curative treatment. Even though the spontaneous resolution of endometriosis is sometimes possible, recent reports suggested that it can be a progressive condition. It can associate chronic pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, infertility, or malignant degenerescence. Conventional treatments could produce many side effects, and despite treatment, the symptoms may reappear. In recent years, experimental evidence suggested that plant-based medicine could exert beneficial effects on endometriosis and endometriosis-related symptoms. This study aims to highlight the pharmaceutical activity of phytochemicals and medicinal plants against endometriosis and to provide a source of information regarding the alternative treatment of this condition. Methods: For this review, we performed a research using PubMed, GoogleScholar, and CrossRef databases. We selected the articles published between January 2000 and July 2020, written in English. Results: We found 17 medicinal plants and 13 phytochemicals, which have demonstrated their beneficial effects against endometriosis. Several of their biological activities consist of antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory effects, and oxidative-stress reduction. Conclusion: Medicinal herbs and their bioactive compounds exhibit antiangiogenic, antioxidant, sedative and pain-alleviating properties and the effects recorded until now encourage their use for the conservative management of endometriosis.
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Kirkwood PM, Gibson DA, Smith JR, Wilson-Kanamori JR, Kelepouri O, Esnal-Zufiaurre A, Dobie R, Henderson NC, Saunders PTK. Single-cell RNA sequencing redefines the mesenchymal cell landscape of mouse endometrium. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21285. [PMID: 33710643 PMCID: PMC9328940 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002123r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The endometrium is a dynamic tissue that exhibits remarkable resilience to repeated episodes of differentiation, breakdown, regeneration, and remodeling. Endometrial physiology relies on a complex interplay between the stromal and epithelial compartments with the former containing a mixture of fibroblasts, vascular, and immune cells. There is evidence for rare populations of putative mesenchymal progenitor cells located in the perivascular niche of human endometrium, but the existence of an equivalent cell population in mouse is unclear. We used the Pdgfrb‐BAC‐eGFP transgenic reporter mouse in combination with bulk and single‐cell RNA sequencing to redefine the endometrial mesenchyme. In contrast to previous reports we show that CD146 is expressed in both PDGFRβ + perivascular cells and CD31 + endothelial cells. Bulk RNAseq revealed cells in the perivascular niche which express the high levels of Pdgfrb as well as genes previously identified in pericytes and/or vascular smooth muscle cells (Acta2, Myh11, Olfr78, Cspg4, Rgs4, Rgs5, Kcnj8, and Abcc9). scRNA‐seq identified five subpopulations of cells including closely related pericytes/vascular smooth muscle cells and three subpopulations of fibroblasts. All three fibroblast populations were PDGFRα+/CD34 + but were distinct in their expression of Ngfr/Spon2/Angptl7 (F1), Cxcl14/Smoc2/Rgs2 (F2), and Clec3b/Col14a1/Mmp3 (F3), with potential functions in the regulation of immune responses, response to wounding, and organization of extracellular matrix, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the spatial distribution of these populations revealing F1/NGFR + cells in most abundance beside epithelial cells. We provide the first definitive analysis of mesenchymal cells in the adult mouse endometrium identifying five subpopulations providing a platform for comparisons between mesenchymal cells in endometrium and other adult tissues which are prone to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe M Kirkwood
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas A Gibson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James R Smith
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Olympia Kelepouri
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ross Dobie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa T K Saunders
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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36
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Ahani-Nahayati M, Shariati A, Mahmoodi M, Olegovna Zekiy A, Javidi K, Shamlou S, Mousakhani A, Zamani M, Hassanzadeh A. Stem cell in neurodegenerative disorders; an emerging strategy. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:291-311. [PMID: 33650716 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are a diversity of disorders, surrounding Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's diseases (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) accompanied by some other less common diseases generally characterized by either developed deterioration of central or peripheral nervous system structurally or functionally. Today, with the viewpoint of an increasingly aging society, the number of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and sociomedical burdens will spread intensely. During the last decade, stem cell technology has attracted great attention for treating neurodegenerative diseases worldwide because of its unique attributes. As acknowledged, there are several categories of stem cells being able to proliferate and differentiate into various cellular lineages, highlighting their significance in the context of regenerative medicine. In preclinical models, stem cell therapy using mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and neural progenitor or stem cells (NPCs or NSCs) along with pluripotent stem cells (PSCs)-derived neuronal cells could elicit desired therapeutic effects, enabling functional deficit rescue partially. Regardless of the noteworthy progress in our scientific awareness and understanding of stem cell biology, there still exist various challenges to defeat. In the present review, we provide a summary of the therapeutic potential of stem cells and discuss the current status and prospect of stem cell strategy in neurodegenerative diseases, in particular, AD, PD, ALS, and HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ahani-Nahayati
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shariati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Mahmoodi
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Angelina Olegovna Zekiy
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kamran Javidi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.,Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shamlou
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Mousakhani
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Zamani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neurosciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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37
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Bahrami A, Ayen E, Razi M, Behfar M. Effects of atorvastatin and resveratrol against the experimental endometriosis; evidence for glucose and monocarboxylate transporters, neoangiogenesis. Life Sci 2021; 272:119230. [PMID: 33600864 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic effects of atorvastatin (ATV) and resveratrol (RVT) in sole and simultaneous forms of administration against the symbiosis between glucose transporters 1 and 3 (GLUT-1 and GLUT-3), monocarboxylate transporters 1 a and 4 (MCT-1 and MCT-4) and neovascularization in ectopic endometrial tissue (EET). For this purpose, the experimental endometriosis was induced in 24 virgin female Wistar rats, and then the rats were divided into non-treated endometriosis-induced (ENDO-sole), AVT-treated (5 mg kg-1), RVT-treated (40 mg kg-1) and AVT +RVT-treated groups (n = 6 rats in each group). Following 28 days from the experimental endometriosis induction, the EETs were collected and the EETs size, neovascularization ratio, and expression levels of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, MCT-1, and MCT-4 were analyzed by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The AVT and RVT sole and simultaneous-treated animals exhibited decreased EET sizes and neovascularization. Moreover, the mRNA levels of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, MCT-1, and MCT-4, as well as GLUT-1+, GLUT-3+, and MCT-4+ cells distribution per mm2 of tissue were decreased in AVT and RVT sole and simultaneous-treated groups. Our findings showed that the AVT and RVT, especially in the simultaneous form of administration, could decrease the neovascularization development in the EETs by suppressing the GLUTs (1 and 3) and MCTs (1 and 4) expressions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the simultaneous administration of AVT and RVT can inhibit the EET's establishment and development through suppressing glycolysis and neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ako Bahrami
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Esmail Ayen
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mehdi Behfar
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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38
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Muthu S, Jeyaraman M, Jain R, Gulati A, Jeyaraman N, Prajwal GS, Mishra PC. Accentuating the sources of mesenchymal stem cells as cellular therapy for osteoarthritis knees-a panoramic review. Stem Cell Investig 2021; 8:13. [PMID: 34386542 PMCID: PMC8327191 DOI: 10.21037/sci-2020-055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The large economic burden on the global health care systems is due to the increasing number of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) knee patients whereby accounting for greater morbidity and impaired functional quality of life. The recent developments and impulses in molecular and regenerative medicine have paved the way for inducing the biological active cells such as stem cells, bioactive materials, and growth factors towards the healing and tissue regenerative process. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) act as a minimally invasive procedure that bridges the gap between pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment for OA. MSCs are the ideal cell-based therapy for treating disorders under a minimally invasive environment in conjunction with cartilage regeneration. Due to the worldwide recognized animal model for such cell-based therapies, global researchers have started using the various sources of MSCs towards cartilage regeneration. However, there is a lacuna in literature on the comparative efficacy and safety of various sources of MSCs in OA of the knee. Hence, the identification of a potential source for therapeutic use in this clinical scenario remains unclear. In this article, we compared the therapeutic effects of various sources of MSCs in terms of efficacy, safety, differentiation potential, durability, accessibility, allogenic preparation and culture expandability to decide the optimal source of MSCs for OA knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Muthu
- Assistant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Government Hospital, Velayuthampalayam, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India
- International Association of Stemcell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- International Association of Stemcell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Jain
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Gulati
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College & Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- International Association of Stemcell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kasturba Medical College, MAHE University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- International Association of Stemcell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
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39
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Min J, Lu N, Huang S, Chai X, Wang S, Peng L, Wang J. Phenotype and biological characteristics of endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: A comparison between intrauterine adhesion patients and healthy women. Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13379. [PMID: 33206449 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a uterine disorder with partial or total obstruction of the uterine cavity and/or the cervical canal primarily caused by intrauterine operations and infections. It is the most common cause of uterine infertility and recurrent abortion. However, the reasons for endometrium repair disorders in patients with IUA are still unclear. While increasing evidence demonstrates that endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (EMSCs) contribute to the regeneration and repair of endometrium, the roles of EMSCs in the pathogenesis of IUA have not been reported. METHODS AND STUDY We investigated the differences of phenotype and biological characteristics between EMSCs from women with IUA and healthy women. Firstly, the fibrosis of endometrium were measured by immunohistochemistry and Masson staining. Second, we used immunofluorescence to detect the location of EMSCs in endometrial tissue, and the proportion of CD146+ CD140b+ in the two groups was compared by flow cytometry. Then, plate colony formation experiment, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, would-healing assay, and transwell invasion experiment were used to compare the cloning ability, proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion capabilities respectively. Finally, we compared the potential angiogenesis and immunosuppression capabilities. RESULTS Our results showed that there were fewer CD146+ CD140b+ cells in patients with IUA, and the clone-forming, migration, invasion, angiogenic and immunosuppressive abilities of the EMSCs of patients with IUA were significantly decreased compared with those of healthy women. CONCLUSION There are some differences between the EMSCs of IUA patients and healthy women, which may be related to the occurrence of IUA and dysfunction of endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Min
- The Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Lu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Shengjian Huang
- Hunan Guangxiu Hi-tech Life Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xiahua Chai
- The Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Susu Wang
- The Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Peng
- National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cell, Changsha, China.,Guangxiu Hospital Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Wang
- The Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC Xiangya, Changsha, China.,Hunan Guangxiu Hi-tech Life Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
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40
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Filby CE, Rombauts L, Montgomery GW, Giudice LC, Gargett CE. Cellular Origins of Endometriosis: Towards Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Semin Reprod Med 2020; 38:201-215. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEndometriosis remains an enigmatic disease of unknown etiology, with delayed diagnosis and poor therapeutic options. This review will discuss the cellular, physiological, and genomic evidence of Sampson's hypothesis of retrograde menstruation as a cause of pelvic endometriosis and as the basis of phenotypic heterogeneity of the disease. We postulate that collaborative research at the single cell level focused on unlocking the cellular, physiological, and genomic mechanisms of endometriosis will be accompanied by advances in personalized diagnosis and therapies that target unique subtypes of endometriosis disease. These advances will address the clinical conundrums of endometriosis clinical care—including diagnostic delay, suboptimal treatments, disease recurrence, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and quality of life. There is an urgent need to improve outcomes for women with endometriosis. To achieve this, it is imperative that we understand which cells form the lesions, how they arrive at distant sites, and what factors govern their ability to survive and invade at ectopic locations. This review proposes new research avenues to address these basic questions of endometriosis pathobiology that will lay the foundations for new diagnostic tools and treatment pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Filby
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luk Rombauts
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Reproductive Medicine at Women's Health, Monash Health, Monash IVF, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grant W. Montgomery
- UQ Genome Innovation Hub, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linda C. Giudice
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Caroline E. Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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41
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Critchley HOD, Babayev E, Bulun SE, Clark S, Garcia-Grau I, Gregersen PK, Kilcoyne A, Kim JYJ, Lavender M, Marsh EE, Matteson KA, Maybin JA, Metz CN, Moreno I, Silk K, Sommer M, Simon C, Tariyal R, Taylor HS, Wagner GP, Griffith LG. Menstruation: science and society. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 223:624-664. [PMID: 32707266 PMCID: PMC7661839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Women's health concerns are generally underrepresented in basic and translational research, but reproductive health in particular has been hampered by a lack of understanding of basic uterine and menstrual physiology. Menstrual health is an integral part of overall health because between menarche and menopause, most women menstruate. Yet for tens of millions of women around the world, menstruation regularly and often catastrophically disrupts their physical, mental, and social well-being. Enhancing our understanding of the underlying phenomena involved in menstruation, abnormal uterine bleeding, and other menstruation-related disorders will move us closer to the goal of personalized care. Furthermore, a deeper mechanistic understanding of menstruation-a fast, scarless healing process in healthy individuals-will likely yield insights into a myriad of other diseases involving regulation of vascular function locally and systemically. We also recognize that many women now delay pregnancy and that there is an increasing desire for fertility and uterine preservation. In September 2018, the Gynecologic Health and Disease Branch of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development convened a 2-day meeting, "Menstruation: Science and Society" with an aim to "identify gaps and opportunities in menstruation science and to raise awareness of the need for more research in this field." Experts in fields ranging from the evolutionary role of menstruation to basic endometrial biology (including omic analysis of the endometrium, stem cells and tissue engineering of the endometrium, endometrial microbiome, and abnormal uterine bleeding and fibroids) and translational medicine (imaging and sampling modalities, patient-focused analysis of menstrual disorders including abnormal uterine bleeding, smart technologies or applications and mobile health platforms) to societal challenges in health literacy and dissemination frameworks across different economic and cultural landscapes shared current state-of-the-art and future vision, incorporating the patient voice at the launch of the meeting. Here, we provide an enhanced meeting report with extensive up-to-date (as of submission) context, capturing the spectrum from how the basic processes of menstruation commence in response to progesterone withdrawal, through the role of tissue-resident and circulating stem and progenitor cells in monthly regeneration-and current gaps in knowledge on how dysregulation leads to abnormal uterine bleeding and other menstruation-related disorders such as adenomyosis, endometriosis, and fibroids-to the clinical challenges in diagnostics, treatment, and patient and societal education. We conclude with an overview of how the global agenda concerning menstruation, and specifically menstrual health and hygiene, are gaining momentum, ranging from increasing investment in addressing menstruation-related barriers facing girls in schools in low- to middle-income countries to the more recent "menstrual equity" and "period poverty" movements spreading across high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary O D Critchley
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Elnur Babayev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Serdar E Bulun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Iolanda Garcia-Grau
- Igenomix Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY
| | | | | | | | - Erica E Marsh
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kristen A Matteson
- Division of Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Jacqueline A Maybin
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christine N Metz
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY
| | - Inmaculada Moreno
- Igenomix Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kami Silk
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Marni Sommer
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Carlos Simon
- Igenomix Foundation-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Günter P Wagner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Linda G Griffith
- Center for Gynepathology Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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Zhai J, Vannuccini S, Petraglia F, Giudice LC. Adenomyosis: Mechanisms and Pathogenesis. Semin Reprod Med 2020; 38:129-143. [PMID: 33032339 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adenomyosis is a common disorder of the uterus, and is associated with an enlarged uterus, heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), pelvic pain, and infertility. It is characterized by endometrial epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts abnormally found in the myometrium where they elicit hyperplasia and hypertrophy of surrounding smooth muscle cells. While both the mechanistic processes and the pathogenesis of adenomyosis are uncertain, several theories have been put forward addressing how this disease develops. These include intrinsic or induced (1) microtrauma of the endometrial-myometrial interface; (2) enhanced invasion of endometrium into myometrium; (3) metaplasia of stem cells in myometrium; (4) infiltration of endometrial cells in retrograde menstrual effluent into the uterine wall from the serosal side; (5) induction of adenomyotic lesions by aberrant local steroid and pituitary hormones; and (6) abnormal uterine development in response to genetic and epigenetic modifications. Dysmenorrhea, HMB, and infertility are likely results of inflammation, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and contractile abnormalities in the endometrial and myometrial components. Elucidating mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of adenomyosis raise possibilities to develop targeted therapies to ameliorate symptoms beyond the current agents that are largely ineffective. Herein, we address these possible etiologies and data that support underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Zhai
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Silvia Vannuccini
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Felice Petraglia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Linda C Giudice
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Navarrete F, Wong YS, Cabezas J, Riadi G, Manríquez J, Rojas D, Furlanetto Mançanares AC, Rodriguez-Alvarez L, Saravia F, Castro FO. Distinctive Cellular Transcriptomic Signature and MicroRNA Cargo of Extracellular Vesicles of Horse Adipose and Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Same Donors. Cell Reprogram 2020; 22:311-327. [PMID: 32991224 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2020.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine endometrial and adipose mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs and aMSCs, respectively) were isolated from the same donors of thoroughbred mares. The cells displayed characteristic features of MSCs, including trilineage mesodermal and also neurogenic differentiation. We evaluated the influence of cellular origin on their transcriptome profile. Cellular RNA was isolated and sequenced and extracellular vesicles (EVs) were obtained from conditioned medium of cells cultured in medium depleted of EVs, and their microRNA (miRNA) cargo analyzed by sequencing. Differential expression of mRNAs and EV-miRNA was analyzed, as well as pathways and processes most represented in each cell origin. mRNA reads from all expressed genes clustered according to the cellular origin. A total of 125 up- and 51 downregulated genes were identified and 31 differentially expressed miRNAs. Based on mRNA sequencing, endometrial MSCs strongly upregulated genes involved in the Hippo, transforming growth factor beta, and pluripotency signaling pathways. Alongside with this, pathways involved in extracellular matrix reorganization were the most represented in the miRNA cargo of EVs secreted by eMSCs. The niche from which MSCs originated defined the transcriptomic signature of the cells, including the secretion of lineage-specific loaded EV to ensure proper communication and homeostasis. Identification and testing their biological functions can provide new tools for the therapeutic use of horse MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Navarrete
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan, Chile
| | - Yat Sen Wong
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan, Chile
| | - Joel Cabezas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Riadi
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - José Manríquez
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan, Chile
| | - Daniela Rojas
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan, Chile
| | | | | | - Fernando Saravia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan, Chile
| | - Fidel Ovidio Castro
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chillan, Chile
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Lucciola R, Vrljicak P, Gurung S, Filby C, Darzi S, Muter J, Ott S, Brosens JJ, Gargett CE. Impact of Sustained Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Inhibition on Chromatin Accessibility and Gene Expression in Cultured Human Endometrial MSC. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:567610. [PMID: 32984350 PMCID: PMC7490520 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.567610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSC) drive the extraordinary regenerative capacity of the human endometrium. Clinical application of eMSC for therapeutic purposes is hampered by spontaneous differentiation and cellular senescence upon large-scale expansion in vitro. A83-01, a selective transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGFβ-R) inhibitor, promotes expansion of eMSC in culture by blocking differentiation and senescence, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. In this study, we combined RNA-seq and ATAC-seq to study the impact of sustained TGFβ-R inhibition on gene expression and chromatin architecture of eMSC. Treatment of primary eMSC with A83-01 for 5 weeks resulted in differential expression of 1,463 genes. Gene ontology analysis showed enrichment of genes implicated in cell growth whereas extracellular matrix genes and genes involved in cell fate commitment were downregulated. ATAC-seq analysis demonstrated that sustained TGFβ-R inhibition results in opening and closure of 3,555 and 2,412 chromatin loci, respectively. Motif analysis revealed marked enrichment of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) binding sites, which was paralleled by the induction of RARB, encoding retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ). Selective RARβ inhibition attenuated proliferation and clonogenicity of A83-01 treated eMSC. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the gene networks and genome-wide chromatin changes that underpin maintenance of an undifferentiated phenotype of eMSC in prolonged culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Lucciola
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Pavle Vrljicak
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Warwick Medical School, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire National Health Service Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Shanti Gurung
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Caitlin Filby
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Saeedeh Darzi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne Muter
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Warwick Medical School, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire National Health Service Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Sascha Ott
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Warwick Medical School, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire National Health Service Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jan J. Brosens
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Warwick Medical School, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire National Health Service Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline E. Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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45
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Ma H, Liu M, Li Y, Wang W, Yang K, Lu L, He M, Deng T, Li M, Wu D. Intrauterine transplantation of autologous menstrual blood stem cells increases endometrial thickness and pregnancy potential in patients with refractory intrauterine adhesion. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 46:2347-2355. [PMID: 32856391 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was designed to evaluate the effects of intrauterine transplantation of menstrual blood stem cells (MenSCs) on endometrial thickness and pregnancy outcomes in patients with refractory intrauterine adhesion (IUA). METHODS This study included a group of infertile women (n = 12, age 22-40 years), with refractory IUA. Autologous MenSCs isolated from the women's menstrual blood were expanded in vitro and transplanted into their uteruses, followed by hormone replacement therapy. Transvaginal ultrasound examination was performed to assess the endometrial thickness. Transabdominal ultrasound was conducted to detect pregnancy outcome. RESULTS Autologous MenSCs were successfully isolated and expanded from menstrual blood and transplanted into the uterus of each patient. A significant improvement of the endometrial thickness was observed from 3.9 ± 0.9 to 7.5 ± 0.6 mm (P < 0.001). No adverse reaction was observed. The duration of menstruation was increased from 2.4 ± 0.7 to 5.3 ± 0.6 days (P < 0.001). Five out of 12 patients achieved clinical pregnancy and the pregnancy rate was 41.7%. CONCLUSIONS Intrauterine transplantation of autologous MenSCs results in regeneration of endometrium, a prolongation of menstrual duration and an increase rate of pregnancy in patients with refractory IUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Ma
- Reproductive Center, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Reproductive Center, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, China
| | - Keqin Yang
- Reproductive Center, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, China
| | - Lanying Lu
- Reproductive Center, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, China
| | - Mei He
- Reproductive Center, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, China
| | - Taoran Deng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meiling Li
- Reproductive Center, Guiping People's Hospital, Guiping, China
| | - Dongcheng Wu
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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46
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Zhu H, Pan Y, Jiang Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhang S. Activation of the Hippo/TAZ pathway is required for menstrual stem cells to suppress myofibroblast and inhibit transforming growth factor β signaling in human endometrial stromal cells. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:635-645. [PMID: 30715393 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can menstrual stem cells (MenSCs) inhibit myofibroblast differentiation and reverse transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-mediated activation of myofibroblast phenotypes in human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs)? SUMMARY ANSWER MenSCs suppressed endometrial myofibroblast differentiation and reversed TGFβ-mediated activation of myofibroblast phenotypes, which might be associated with activation of the Hippo/TAZ pathway. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The potential effect of MenSCs as a cell therapy include attenuation of intrauterine adhesions, but the underlying mechanisms by which MenSCs exerts these effects are not entirely understood. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We evaluated the antagonistic effects of MenSCs on myofibroblast differentiation as well as the broader effect of the Hippo/TAZ signaling pathway on TGFβ-mediated induction of myofibroblast gene expression. The study design was based on a cohort of clinical proliferative phase endometrial samples obtained from three healthy premenopausal females with regular menstrual cycles. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS ESCs were cocultured with MenSCs or in MenSC-conditioned medium. Fibrotic markers (αSMA, collagen I, CTGF and fibronectin) as well as proliferation and wound-healing abilities were evaluated. Components of the Hippo/TAZ pathway (TAZ, p-TAZ, MOB1, p-MOB1, LATS1 and p-LATS1) were also investigated. Cell Counting Kit 8, wound healing assay, real-time PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence and shRNA knockdown approaches were used to validate the findings. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE MenSCs inhibited myofibroblast activation, resulting in more rapid proliferation of ESCs. MenSCs downregulated the expression of myofibroblast markers αSMA and collagen I and promoted endometrial wound healing. Coculture with MenSCs also attenuated the TGFβ-mediated increase in expression of fibrotic marker genes αSMA, collagen I, CTGF and fibronectin, and restored the wound-healing ability inhibited by TGFβ. MenSCs induced Hippo/TAZ pathway activation, resulting in nuclear export and cytoplasmic retention of TAZ. TAZ inhibition was demonstrated to have similar effects even in the absence of MenSCs, and inhibition of TAZ was sufficient to attenuate TGFβ-mediated myofibroblast activation. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study included only in vitro experiments. Thus, additional data from in vivo experiments are needed in a future study. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The Hippo/TAZ pathway may be an important therapeutic target for endometrial fibrosis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81601236) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY19H040009). None of the authors has any competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Pan
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinshen Jiang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Calle A, Gutiérrez-Reinoso MÁ, Re M, Blanco J, De la Fuente J, Monguió-Tortajada M, Borràs FE, Yáñez-Mó M, Ramírez MÁ. Bovine peripheral blood MSCs chemotax towards inflammation and embryo implantation stimuli. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:1054-1067. [PMID: 32617972 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a great potential in regenerative medicine because of their multipotential and immunoregulatory capacities, while in early pregnancy they could participate in the immunotolerance of the mother towards the embryo. Peripheral blood constitutes an accessible source of MSCs. We successfully isolated peripheral blood MSC (pbMSCs) lines, with or without previous bone marrow mobilization. All pbMSCs lines obtained in both conditions presented classical MSC markers and properties, alkaline phosphatase activity and multipotent capacity to differentiate among adipogenic, osteogenic or chondrogenic lineages, and suppressed the proliferation of T cells. pbMSCs showed migratory capacity without cytokine stimulation while increasing their migration rate in the presence of inflammatory or embryo implantation stimuli. Interestingly, in contrast to MSCs derived from endometrial tissue, three pbMSCs lines also showed increased migration towards the IFN-τ implantation cytokine. Moreover, the secretome produced by an early implantation stage embryonic trophectoderm cell line showed a chemoattractant effect in pbMSCs. Our results suggest that circulating MSCs are present in the peripheral blood under healthy conditions. The fact that both the inflammation and implantation signals induced pbMSCs chemotaxis highlights MSC heterogeneity and suggests that their migratory capacity may differ according to their tissue of origin and would suggest the possible active recruitment of MSCs from bone marrow during pregnancy to repress the immune response to prevent the embryo rejection by the maternal organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Calle
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez-Reinoso
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), Latacunga, Ecuador
| | - Michela Re
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Blanco
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio De la Fuente
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Monguió-Tortajada
- REMAR Group and Nephrology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Institute & University Hospital, UAB, Badalona, Spain
| | - Francesc Enric Borràs
- REMAR Group and Nephrology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Institute & University Hospital, UAB, Badalona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - María Yáñez-Mó
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM-SO), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Ramírez
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Critchley HOD, Maybin JA, Armstrong GM, Williams ARW. Physiology of the Endometrium and Regulation of Menstruation. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1149-1179. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00031.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological functions of the uterine endometrium (uterine lining) are preparation for implantation, maintenance of pregnancy if implantation occurs, and menstruation in the absence of pregnancy. The endometrium thus plays a pivotal role in reproduction and continuation of our species. Menstruation is a steroid-regulated event, and there are alternatives for a progesterone-primed endometrium, i.e., pregnancy or menstruation. Progesterone withdrawal is the trigger for menstruation. The menstruating endometrium is a physiological example of an injured or “wounded” surface that is required to rapidly repair each month. The physiological events of menstruation and endometrial repair provide an accessible in vivo human model of inflammation and tissue repair. Progress in our understanding of endometrial pathophysiology has been facilitated by modern cellular and molecular discovery tools, along with animal models of simulated menses. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), including heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), imposes a massive burden on society, affecting one in four women of reproductive age. Understanding structural and nonstructural causes underpinning AUB is essential to optimize and provide precision in patient management. This is facilitated by careful classification of causes of bleeding. We highlight the crucial need for understanding mechanisms underpinning menstruation and its aberrations. The endometrium is a prime target tissue for selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs). This class of compounds has therapeutic potential for the clinical unmet need of HMB. SPRMs reduce menstrual bleeding by mechanisms still largely unknown. Human menstruation remains a taboo topic, and many questions concerning endometrial physiology that pertain to menstrual bleeding are yet to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary O. D. Critchley
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline A. Maybin
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory M. Armstrong
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair R. W. Williams
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Xu B, Yuan FZ, Lin L, Ye J, Fan BS, Zhang JY, Yang M, Jiang D, Jiang WB, Wang X, Yu JK. The Higher Inherent Therapeutic Potential of Biomaterial-Based hDPSCs and hEnSCs for Pancreas Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:636. [PMID: 32676499 PMCID: PMC7333240 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs), dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are considered to be the promising candidates for the treatment of pancreas diseases. The prognosis is better with in situ injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the damaged pancreas compared with intravenous injection. However, the clinical application of these cells are limited, due to poor engraftment of transplanted cells after delivery. On the other hand, understanding the role of the biomaterials in cell therapy is essential to promote the therapeutic effects of MSCs. Matrigel, a basement membrane matrix biomaterial, is rich in laminin and collagen IV. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference of biological characteristics of hEnSCs, hDPSCs and hADSCs in vitro and their survival situation with Matrigel post intrapancreatic transplantation in vivo. Our findings showed, firstly, there was no significant difference in morphology and immunophenotype of these MSCs. Secondly, the biological properties, including cell proliferation, the ability of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation and the mRNA expression levels of pancreas development-related genes, have been showed distinct difference among these MSCs. Thirdly, Matrigel can improve the survival of MSCs in vivo, especially for Matrigel-based hDPSCs and Matrigel-based hEnSCs in pancreas parenchyma of SD rats. These results suggest that hDPSCs and hEnSCs are with the greater inherent therapeutic potential for pancreas diseases compared with hADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Xu
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Zhen Yuan
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Shi Fan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ji-Ying Zhang
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Bo Jiang
- Clinical Translational R&D Center of 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Kuo Yu
- Knee Surgery Department of the Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Comparison of the regenerative effects of bone marrow/adipose-derived stem cells in the Asherman model following local or systemic administration. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:1861-1868. [PMID: 32535814 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cell therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of Asherman's syndrome (AS), but the origin of these cells and injection route influence the therapeutic effect and complications of cell therapy. Herein, we compared the effects of systemic or local intrauterine injection of bone marrow or adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs/AMSCs) on the endometrium in a rat model of AS. METHODS After induction of AS in adult Wistar rats, the CM-Dil-positive BMSCs or AMSCs were injected either locally or intravenously. After 3 weeks, endometrial thickness, collagen deposition, cell migration, and VEGF expression were evaluated using histochemistry/immunofluorescence studies. RESULTS In all stem cell-treated groups, an ameliorative effect on the damaged endometrium was noted. Collagen deposition diminished in both groups (IV and local injection) compared to the AS model. In rats injected locally with MSC, fibrosis decreased compared to the other groups. Moreover, endometrial thickness increased in the groups that received local injection of BMSCs and AMSCs more than the IV-transplanted AMSCs group. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that although the systemic transplantation of BMSCs was more effective than the other groups on VEGF expression, it led to the lowest number of CM-Dil+ stem cells in the damaged endometrium. CONCLUSION Stem cell transplantation may reconstruct the damaged endometrium, but it is recommended to select the most effective stem cells and injection route. Because the removal of the fibrosis and the replacement of the epithelia cells is an effective therapeutic strategy for AS, in this study, we conclude that the local injection of AMSCs is more appropriate than BMSCs to treat AS.
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