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Liu A, Li X, Zhou L, Yan X, Xia N, Song Z, Cao J, Hao Z, Zhang Z, Liang R, Zhang H. BPDE-DNA adduct formation and alterations of mRNA, protein, and DNA methylation of CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 induced by benzo[a]pyrene and the intervention of aspirin in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:106549-106561. [PMID: 37730975 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), one typical environmental pollutant, the toxicity mechanisms, and potential prevention remain perplexing. Available evidence suggests cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) metabolize B[a]P, resulting in metabolic activation and detoxification of B[a]P. This study aimed to reveal the impact of B[a]P exposure on trans-7,8-diol-anti-9,10-epoxide DNA (BPDE-DNA) adduct formation, level of CYP1A1, glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) and glutathione S-transferase mu1 (GSTM1) mRNA, protein and DNA methylation in mice, and the potential prevention of aspirin (ASP). This study firstly determined the BPDE-DNA adduct formation in an acute toxicity test of a large dose in mice induced by B[a]P, which subsequently detected CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 at levels of mRNA, protein, and DNA methylation in the organs of mice in a subacute toxicity test at appropriate doses and the potential prevention of ASP, using the methods of real-time quantitative PCR (QPCR), western blotting, and real-time methylation-specific PCR (MSP), respectively. The results verified that B[a]P induced the formation of BPDE-DNA adduct in all the organs of mice in an acute toxicity test, and the order of concentration of which was lung > kidney > liver > brain. In a subacute toxicity test, following B[a]P treatment, mice showed a dose-dependent slowdown in body weight gain and abnormalities in behavioral and cognitive function and which were alleviated by ASP co-treatment. Compared to the controls, following B[a]P treatment, CYP1A1 was significantly induced in all organs in mice at mRNA level (P < 0.05), was suppressed in the lung and cerebrum of mice at protein level, and inhibited at DNA methylation level in the liver, lung, and cerebrum, whereas GSTP1 and GSTM1 at mRNA, protein, and DNA methylation levels showed organ-specific changes in mice following B[a]P treatment, which was generally alleviated by ASP intervention. In conclusion, B[a]P induced BPDE-DNA adduct formation in all organs in mice and altered the mRNA, protein, and DNA methylation levels in CYP1A1, GSTP1, and GSTM1 in an organ-dependent pattern, which could be related to the organ toxicity and mechanism of B[a]P. ASP intervention may be an effective measure to prevent B[a]P toxicity. The findings provide scientific evidence for further study on the organ toxicity and mechanisms of B[a]P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Department of Health Information Management, Shanxi Medical University Fenyang College, Fenyang, 032200, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co Ltd, Taiyuan, 030003, Shanxi, China
| | - Lisha Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Na Xia
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhanfei Song
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhongsuo Hao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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The RNA-Binding Protein ESRP1 Modulates the Expression of RAC1b in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164092. [PMID: 34439247 PMCID: PMC8392041 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third for incidence and second for number of deaths among cancer types worldwide. Poor patient survival due to inadequate response to currently available treatment regimens points to the urgent requirement for personalized therapy in CRC patients. Our aim was to provide mechanistic insights into the pro-tumorigenic role of the RNA-binding protein ESRP1, which is highly expressed in a subset of CRC patients. We show that, in CRC cells, ESRP1 binds to and has the same trend in expression as RAC1b, a well-known tumor promoter. Thus, RAC1b may be a potential therapeutic target in ESRP1-overexpressing CRC. Abstract RNA binding proteins are well recognized as critical regulators of tumorigenic processes through their capacity to modulate RNA biogenesis, including alternative splicing, RNA stability and mRNA translation. The RNA binding protein Epithelial Splicing Regulatory Protein 1 (ESRP1) can act as a tumor suppressor or promoter in a cell type- and disease context-dependent manner. We have previously shown that elevated expression of ESRP1 in colorectal cancer cells can drive tumor progression. To gain further insights into the pro-tumorigenic mechanism of action of ESRP1, we performed cDNA microarray analysis on two colorectal cells lines modulated for ESRP1 expression. Intriguingly, RAC1b was highly expressed, both at mRNA and protein levels, in ESRP1-overexpressing cells, while the opposite trend was observed in ESRP1-silenced CRC cells. Moreover, RAC1 and RAC1b mRNA co-immunoprecipitate with ESRP1 protein. Silencing of RAC1b expression significantly reduced the number of soft agar colonies formed by ESRP1-overexpressing cells, suggesting that ESRP1 acted, at least partially, through RAC1b in its tumor-promoting activities in CRC cells. Thus, our data provide molecular cues on targetable candidates in CRC cases with high ESRP1 expression.
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3
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Aarts JMMJG, Alink GM, Franssen HJ, Roebroeks W. Evolution of Hominin Detoxification: Neanderthal and Modern Human Ah Receptor Respond Similarly to TCDD. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:1292-1305. [PMID: 33230523 PMCID: PMC8042735 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In studies of hominin adaptations to fire use, the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in the evolution of detoxification has been highlighted, including statements that the modern human AHR confers a significantly better capacity to deal with toxic smoke components than the Neanderthal AHR. To evaluate this, we compared the AHR-controlled induction of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA in HeLa human cervix epithelial adenocarcinoma cells transfected with an Altai-Neanderthal or a modern human reference AHR expression construct, and exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). We compared the complete AHR mRNA sequences including the untranslated regions (UTRs), maintaining the original codon usage. We observe no significant difference in CYP1A1 induction by TCDD between Neanderthal and modern human AHR, whereas a 150–1,000 times difference was previously reported in a study of the AHR coding region optimized for mammalian codon usage and expressed in rat cells. Our study exemplifies that expression in a homologous cellular background is of major importance to determine (ancient) protein activity. The Neanderthal and modern human dose–response curves almost coincide, except for a slightly higher extrapolated maximum for the Neanderthal AHR, possibly caused by a 5′-UTR G-variant known from modern humans (rs7796976). Our results are strongly at odds with a major role of the modern human AHR in the evolution of hominin detoxification of smoke components and consistent with our previous study based on 18 relevant genes in addition to AHR, which concluded that efficient detoxification alleles are more dominant in ancient hominins, chimpanzees, and gorillas than in modern humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jac M M J G Aarts
- Human Origins Group, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit M Alink
- Human Origins Group, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J Franssen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wil Roebroeks
- Human Origins Group, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Gearhart-Serna LM, Davis JB, Jolly MK, Jayasundara N, Sauer SJ, Di Giulio RT, Devi GR. A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-enriched environmental chemical mixture enhances AhR, antiapoptotic signaling and a proliferative phenotype in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:1648-1659. [PMID: 32747956 PMCID: PMC7791619 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests the role of environmental chemicals, in particular endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), in progression of breast cancer and treatment resistance, which can impact survival outcomes. However, most research tends to focus on tumor etiology and the effect of single chemicals, offering little insight into the effects of realistic complex mixture exposures on tumor progression. Herein, we investigated the effect of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-enriched EDC mixture in a panel of normal and breast cancer cells and in a tumor organoid model. Cells or organoids in culture were treated with EDC mixture at doses estimated from US adult intake of the top four PAH compounds within the mixture from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. We demonstrate that low-dose PAH mixture (6, 30 and 300 nM) increased aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and CYP activity in estrogen receptor (ER) positive but not normal mammary or ER-negative breast cancer cells, and that upregulated AhR signaling corresponded with increased cell proliferation and expression of antiapoptotic and antioxidant proteins XIAP and SOD1. We employed a mathematical model to validate PAH-mediated increases in AhR and XIAP expression in the MCF-7 ER-positive cell line. Furthermore, the PAH mixture caused significant growth increases in ER-negative breast cancer cell derived 3D tumor organoids, providing further evidence for the role of a natural-derived PAH mixture in enhancing a tumor proliferative phenotype. Together, our integrated cell signaling, computational and phenotype analysis reveals the underlying mechanisms of EDC mixtures in breast cancer progression and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa M Gearhart-Serna
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Durham, NC, USA
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John B Davis
- Department of Biology, Trinity School of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nishad Jayasundara
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Durham, NC, USA
- School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Scott J Sauer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Gayathri R Devi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Durham, NC, USA
- Women’s Cancer Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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5
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Alternaria alternata Toxins Synergistically Activate the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway In Vitro. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071018. [PMID: 32659980 PMCID: PMC7407958 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternaria molds simultaneously produce a large variety of mycotoxins, of which several were previously reported to induce enzymes of phase I metabolism through aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. Thus, we investigated the potential of naturally occurring Alternaria toxin mixtures to induce Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1/1A2/1B1 activity. Two variants of an extract from cultured Alternaria alternata, as well as the toxins alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), altertoxin I (ATX-I), and altertoxin II (ATX-II), were tested singularly and in binary mixtures applying the 7-ethoxy-resorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Sub-cytotoxic concentrations of the two toxin mixtures, as well as ATX-I, ATX-II and AOH, exhibited dose-dependent enhancements of CYP 1 activity. ATX-I and ATX-II interacted synergistically in this respect, demonstrating the two perylene quinones as major contributors to the extract’s potential. Binary mixtures between AOH and the two altertoxins respectively exhibited concentration-dependent antagonistic as well as synergistic combinatory effects. Notably, AME showed no efficacy towards EROD enzyme activity or impact on other toxins’ efficacy. Hence, this study provides insights into synergistic and other combinatory effects of Alternaria toxins in natural co-occurrence scenarios in the context of AhR signalling pathway activation in breast cancer cells.
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Donini CF, El Helou M, Wierinckx A, Győrffy B, Aires S, Escande A, Croze S, Clezardin P, Lachuer J, Diab-Assaf M, Ghayad SE, Fervers B, Cavaillès V, Maguer-Satta V, Cohen PA. Long-Term Exposure of Early-Transformed Human Mammary Cells to Low Doses of Benzo[a]pyrene and/or Bisphenol A Enhances Their Cancerous Phenotype via an AhR/GPR30 Interplay. Front Oncol 2020; 10:712. [PMID: 32670863 PMCID: PMC7326103 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is of utmost importance to decipher the role of chronic exposure to low doses of environmental carcinogens on breast cancer progression. The early-transformed triple-negative human mammary MCF10AT1 cells were chronically (60 days) exposed to low doses (10−10 M) of Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a genotoxic agent, and/or Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor. Our study revealed that exposed MCF10AT1 cells developed, in a time-dependent manner, an acquired phenotype characterized by an increase in cancerous properties (anchorage independent growth and stem-like phenotype). Co-exposure of MCF10AT1 cells to B[a]P and BPA led to a significantly greater aggressive phenotype compared to B[a]P or BPA alone. This study provided new insights into the existence of a functional interplay between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) by which chronic and low-dose exposure of B[a]P and/or BPA fosters the progression of MCF10AT1 cells into a more aggressive substage. Experiments using AhR or GPR30 antagonists, siRNA strategies, and RNAseq analysis led us to propose a model in which AhR signaling plays a “driver role” in the AhR/GPR30 cross-talk in mediating long-term and low-dose exposure of B[a]P and/or BPA. Retrospective analysis of two independent breast cancer cohorts revealed that the AhR/GPR30 mRNA expression signature resulted in poor breast cancer prognosis, in particular in the ER-negative and the triple-negative subtypes. Finally, the study identified targeting AhR and/or GPR30 with specific antagonists as a strategy capable of inhibiting carcinogenesis associated with chronic exposure to low doses of B[a]P and BPA in MCF10AT1 cells. Altogether, our results indicate that the engagement of both AhR and GPR30 functions, in particular in an ER-negative/triple-negative context of breast cells, favors tumor progression and leads to poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina F Donini
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CRCL-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon-Inserm U1052-CNRS U5286, Lyon, France.,Département Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Myriam El Helou
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CRCL-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon-Inserm U1052-CNRS U5286, Lyon, France.,Faculty of sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Anne Wierinckx
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CRCL-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon-Inserm U1052-CNRS U5286, Lyon, France.,ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, Lyon, France
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University and TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sophie Aires
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CRCL-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon-Inserm U1052-CNRS U5286, Lyon, France
| | | | - Séverine Croze
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, Lyon, France
| | | | - Joël Lachuer
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CRCL-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon-Inserm U1052-CNRS U5286, Lyon, France.,ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Béatrice Fervers
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CRCL-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon-Inserm U1052-CNRS U5286, Lyon, France.,Département Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Cavaillès
- IRCM - Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Pascale A Cohen
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CRCL-Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon-Inserm U1052-CNRS U5286, Lyon, France.,Département Cancer et Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.,ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, Lyon, France.,INSERM, UMR1033 LYOS, Lyon, France
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Jee SC, Kim M, Kim KS, Kim HS, Sung JS. Protective Effects of Myricetin on Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine and BPDE-DNA Adduct. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050446. [PMID: 32455619 PMCID: PMC7278665 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a group 1 carcinogen, induces mutagenic DNA adducts. Myricetin is present in many natural foods with diverse biological activities, such as anti-oxidative and anti-cancer activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of myricetin against B[a]P-induced toxicity. Treatment of B[a]P induced cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells, whereas co-treatment of myricetin with B[a]P reduced the formation of the B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE)-DNA adduct, which recovered cell viability. Furthermore, we found a protective effect of myricetin against B[a]P-induced genotoxicity in rats, via myricetin-induced inhibition of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and BPDE-DNA adduct formation in the liver, kidney, colon, and stomach tissue. This inhibition was more prominent in the liver than in other tissues. Correspondingly, myricetin regulated the phase I and II enzymes that inhibit B[a]P metabolism and B[a]P metabolites conjugated with DNA by reducing and inducing CYP1A1 and glutathione S-transferase (GST) expression, respectively. Taken together, this showed that myricetin attenuated B[a]P-induced genotoxicity via regulation of phase I and II enzymes. Our results suggest that myricetin is anti-genotoxic, and prevents oxidative DNA damage and BPDE-DNA adduct formation via regulation of phase I and II enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Cheol Jee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea; (S.-C.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea; (S.-C.J.); (M.K.)
| | - Kyeong Seok Kim
- Department of Division of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University-Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (K.S.K.); (H.-S.K.)
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Division of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University-Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; (K.S.K.); (H.-S.K.)
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Biomedi Campus, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Korea; (S.-C.J.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-961-5132; Fax: +82-31-961-5108
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8
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Jee SC, Kim M, Sung JS. Modulatory Effects of Silymarin on Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072369. [PMID: 32235460 PMCID: PMC7177818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is a group 1 carcinogen that introduces mutagenic DNA adducts into the genome. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of silymarin in the reduction of DNA adduct formation by B[a]P-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), induced by B[a]P. B[a]P exhibited toxicity in HepG2 cells, whereas co-treatment of the cells with B[a]P and silymarin reduced the formation of BPDE-DNA adducts, thereby increasing cell viability. Determination of the level of major B[a]P metabolites in the treated cells showed that BPDE levels were reduced by silymarin. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) were found to be involved in the activation of detoxifying genes against B[a]P-mediated toxicity. Silymarin did not increase the expression of these major transcription factors, but greatly facilitated their nuclear translocation. In this manner, treatment of HepG2 cells with silymarin modulated detoxification enzymes through NRF2 and PXR to eliminate B[a]P metabolites. Knockdown of Nrf2 abolished the preventive effect of silymarin on BPDE-DNA adduct formation, indicating that activation of the Nrf2 pathway plays a key role in preventing B[a]P-induced genotoxicity. Our results suggest that silymarin has anti-genotoxic effects, as it prevents BPDE-DNA adduct formation by modulating the Nrf2 and PXR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-961-5132; Fax: +82-31-961-5108
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Tuttis K, da Costa DLMG, Nunes HL, Specian AFL, Serpeloni JM, Santos LCD, Varanda EA, Vilegas W, Martínez-Lopez W, de Syllos Cólus IM. Pouteria ramiflora (Mart.) Radlk. extract: Flavonoids quantification and chemopreventive effect on HepG2 cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:792-804. [PMID: 30001190 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1491911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pouteria ramiflora (Mart.) Radlk., popularly known as curriola, is commonly used in Brazil as medicinal plant to treat worm infections, dysentery, pain, inflammation, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. At present the safety of this extract when used therapeutically in human remains to be determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine cytotoxicity, antiproliferative, and antimutagenic actions of this extract. The hydroalcoholic extract from P. ramiflora leaves consisted of flavonoids identified and quantified as myricetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (13.55 mg/g) and myricetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (9.61 mg/g). The extract exhibited cytotoxicity at concentrations higher than 1.5 µg/ml in human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2)and 2.5 µg/ml in non-tumoral primary gastric (GAS) cells using the MTT assay, and at concentrations higher than 3 µg/ml in HepG2 and 3.5 µg/ml in GAS cells by the neutral red assay. The extract did not show antiproliferative effect as evidenced by the nuclear division index (NDI). However, in the presence of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (positive control), an enhanced cytostatic effect in the NDI and flow cytometry was noted. It is of interest that when the extract was co-incubated with BaP a significant decrease in DNA damage was observed indicating an antimutagenic action. This protective effect might be attributed to myricetin and gallic acid found in P. ramiflora extract. The low cytotoxicity action and protective effect observed in the present study encourage further studies regarding other biological effects of P. ramiflora, as well as its potential use as a chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuska Tuttis
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Daryne Lu Maldonado Gomes da Costa
- b Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso - IFMT , Cuiabá , Mato Grosso , Brazil
- c Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química , Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Higor Lopes Nunes
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Leal Specian
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Juliana Mara Serpeloni
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
| | - Lourdes Campaner Dos Santos
- c Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química , Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Eliana Aparecida Varanda
- d Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- e Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP , São Vicente , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Wilner Martínez-Lopez
- f Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable - IIBCE. Montevideo , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Ilce Mara de Syllos Cólus
- a Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL , Londrina , Paraná , Brazil
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10
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Peixoto MS, de Oliveira Galvão MF, Batistuzzo de Medeiros SR. Cell death pathways of particulate matter toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:32-48. [PMID: 28865791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to various complex mixtures of particulate matter (PM) from different sources. Long-term exposure to high levels of these particulates has been linked to a diverse range of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases that have resulted in hospital admission. The evaluation of the effects of PM exposure on the mechanisms related to cell death has been a challenge for many researchers. Therefore, in this review, we have discussed the effects of airborne PM exposure on mechanisms related to cell death. For this purpose, we have compiled literature data on PM sources, the effects of exposure, and the assays and models used for evaluation, in order to establish comparisons between various studies. The analysis of this collected data suggested divergent responses to PM exposure that resulted in different cell death types (apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis). In addition, PM induced oxidative stress within cells, which appeared to be an important factor in the determination of cell fate. When the levels of reactive oxygen species were overpowering, the cellular fate was directed toward cell death. This may be the underlying mechanism of the development or exacerbation of respiratory diseases, such as emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. In addition, PM was shown to cause DNA damage and the resulting mutations increased the risk of cancer. Furthermore, several conditions should be considered in the assessment of cell death in PM-exposed models, including the cell culture line, PM composition, and the interaction of the different cells types in in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Simões Peixoto
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Felipe de Oliveira Galvão
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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11
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Kobayashi S, Sata F, Sasaki S, Braimoh TS, Araki A, Miyashita C, Goudarzi H, Kobayashi S, Kishi R. Modification of adverse health effects of maternal active and passive smoking by genetic susceptibility: Dose-dependent association of plasma cotinine with infant birth size among Japanese women-The Hokkaido Study. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 74:94-103. [PMID: 28893607 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the individual dose-response effects of eight maternal polymorphisms encoding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-metabolizing and DNA-repair genes on prenatal cotinine levels according to infant birth size. METHODS In total, 3263 Japanese pregnant women were assigned to five groups based on plasma cotinine levels during the 8th month of pregnancy, as measured using ELISA (cut-offs: 0.21, 0.55, 11.48, and 101.67ng/mL). Analyses were performed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS Birth weight reduction showed a dose-dependent relationship with prenatal cotinine levels (P for trend<0.001). When considering the specific aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) (G>A, Arg554Lys; db SNP ID: rs2066853) and X-ray cross-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1) (C>T, Arg194Trp, rs1799782) genotypes, a larger birth weight reduction was noted among infants born to mothers with the highest cotinine level. CONCLUSION Infants born to women with specific AHR and XRCC1 genotypes may have higher genetic risks for birth weight reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitaka Kobayashi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sata
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Health Center, Chuo University, 42-8, Ichigaya-Hommura-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8473, Japan
| | - Seiko Sasaki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Titilola Serifat Braimoh
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan; Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North-15, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Atsuko Araki
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miyashita
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Houman Goudarzi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kobayashi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, North-12, West-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
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12
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Stiborová M, Indra R, Moserová M, Bořek-Dohalská L, Hodek P, Frei E, Kopka K, Schmeiser HH, Arlt VM. Comparison of human cytochrome P450 1A1-catalysed oxidation of benzo[ a]pyrene in prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017; 148:1959-1969. [PMID: 29104317 PMCID: PMC5653725 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 is the most important enzyme activating and detoxifying the human carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). In the previous studies, we had shown that not only the canonic NADPH:CYP oxidoreductase (POR) can act as electron donor but also cytochrome b5 and its reductase, NADH:cytochrome b5 reductase. Here, we studied the role of the expression system used on the metabolites generated and the levels of DNA adducts formed by activated BaP. We used an eukaryotic and a prokaryotic cellular system (Supersomes, microsomes isolated from insect cells, and Bactosomes, a membrane fraction of Escherichia coli, each transfected with cDNA of human CYP1A1 and POR). These were reconstituted with cytochrome b5 with and without NADH:cytochrome b5 reductase. We evaluated the effectiveness of each cofactor, NADPH and NADH, to mediate BaP metabolism. We found that both systems differ in catalysing the reactions activating and detoxifying BaP. Two BaP-derived DNA adducts were generated by the CYP1A1-Supersomes, both in the presence of NADPH and NADH, whereas NADPH but not NADH was able to support this reaction in the CYP1A1-Bactosomes. Seven BaP metabolites were found in Supersomes with NADPH or NADH, whereas NADPH but not NADH was able to generate five BaP metabolites in Bactosomes. Our study demonstrates different catalytic efficiencies of CYP1A1 expressed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in BaP bioactivation indicating some limitations in the use of E. coli cells for such studies. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stiborová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Moserová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bořek-Dohalská
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hodek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Frei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz H. Schmeiser
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker M. Arlt
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences Division, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King’s College London, London, SE1 9NH UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King’s College London in Partnership with Public Health England, London, SE1 9NH UK
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13
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Molcan T, Swigonska S, Orlowska K, Myszczynski K, Nynca A, Sadowska A, Ruszkowska M, Jastrzebski JP, Ciereszko RE. Structural-functional adaptations of porcine CYP1A1 to metabolize polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:205-216. [PMID: 27783961 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) are widespread by-products of human industrial activity. They accumulate in tissues of animals and humans, exerting numerous adverse effects on different systems. In living organisms, dioxins are metabolized by enzymes of the cytochrome P450 family, including CYP1A1. Particular dioxin congeners differ in their toxicity level and ability to undergo biodegradation. Since the molecular mechanisms underlying dioxin susceptibility or resistance to biodegradation are unknown, in the present study the molecular interactions between five selected dioxins and porcine CYP1A1 protein were investigated. It was found that the ability of a dioxin to undergo CYP1A1-mediated degradation is associated mainly with the number and position of chlorine atoms in the dioxin molecule. Among all examined congeners, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) demonstrated the highest affinity to CYP1A1 and, at the same time, the greatest distance to the active site of the enzyme. Interestingly, in contrast to other dioxins, the binding of the TCDD molecule to the porcine CYP1A1 active site resulted in a rapid and continuous closure of substrate channels. All the information may help to explain the extended half-life of TCDD in living organisms as well as its high toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Molcan
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia Swigonska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Karina Orlowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Myszczynski
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Nynca
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sadowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Ruszkowska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Pawel Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Renata E Ciereszko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
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14
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Joiakim A, Mathieu PA, Shelp C, Boerner J, Reiners JJ. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Inhibitors Synergize with TCDD to Induce CYP1A1/1A2 in Human Breast Epithelial MCF10A Cells. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 44:665-71. [PMID: 26953171 PMCID: PMC11024934 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.066274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 are transcriptionally activated in the human normal breast epithelial cell line MCF10A following exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Shifting MCF10A cultures to medium deficient in serum and epidermal growth factor (EGF) caused rapid reductions in the activated (i.e., phosphorylated) forms of extracellular regulated kinases (ERKs) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Shifting to serum/EGF-deficient medium also enhanced TCDD-mediated induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A1 Treatment of cells cultured in complete medium with the EGFR inhibitors gefitinib (Iressa), AG1478, and CI-1033 resulted in concentration-dependent reductions of active EGFR and ERKs, and increased CYP1A1 mRNA content ∼3- to 18-fold above basal level. EGFR inhibitors synergized with TCDD and resulted in transient CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 mRNA accumulations ∼8-fold greater (maximum at 5 hours) than that achieved with only TCDD. AG1478, gefitinib, and TCDD individually induced small increases (∼1.2- to 2.5-fold) in CYP1A1 protein content but did not cause additive or synergistic accumulations of CYP1A1 protein when used in combination. The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor PD184352 inhibited ERK and EGFR activation in a concentration-dependent fashion without causing CYP1A1 mRNA accumulation. However, cotreatment with PD184352 potentiated TCDD-mediated CYP1A1 induction. TCDD-mediated induction of CYP1A1 in MCF7-TET on-EGFR cells, a MCF7 variant in which EGFR expression can be controlled, was not affected by the activity status of EGFR or ERKs. Hence, EGFR signaling mutes both basal and ligand-induced expression of two aryl hydrocarbon receptor-responsive P450s in MCF10A cultures. However, these effects are cell context-dependent. Furthermore, CYP1A1 mRNA and protein abundance are not closely coupled in MCF10A cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aby Joiakim
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (A.J., P.A.M., J.J.R.); Department of Pharmacology (C.S., J.J.R.) and Department of Oncology (J.B.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Patricia A Mathieu
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (A.J., P.A.M., J.J.R.); Department of Pharmacology (C.S., J.J.R.) and Department of Oncology (J.B.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Catherine Shelp
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (A.J., P.A.M., J.J.R.); Department of Pharmacology (C.S., J.J.R.) and Department of Oncology (J.B.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Julie Boerner
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (A.J., P.A.M., J.J.R.); Department of Pharmacology (C.S., J.J.R.) and Department of Oncology (J.B.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - John J Reiners
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (A.J., P.A.M., J.J.R.); Department of Pharmacology (C.S., J.J.R.) and Department of Oncology (J.B.), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
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15
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Lin Q, Xiao-Chen L, Bo Y, Na L, Min S, Gang C, Hui L, Jie Z, Fa-Sheng L. Quantitative analysis of 3-OHB[a]P and (+)-anti-BPDE as biomarkers of B[a]P exposure in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:474-83. [PMID: 26230188 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for the determination the levels of metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (3-OHB[a]P) and (+)-anti-benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxide [(+)-anti-BPDE, combined with DNA to form adducts], in rat blood and tissues exposed to B[a]P exposure by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FD), and to investigate the usefulness of 3-OHB[a]P and (+)-anti-BPDE as markers of intragastrical exposure to B[a]P in rats. The levels of 3-OH-B[a]P and B[a]P-tetrol I-1 released after acid hydrolysis of (+)-anti-BPDE in the samples were measured by HPLC/FD. The calibration curves were linear (r(2) > 0.9904), and the lower limit of quantification ranged from 0.34 to 0.45 ng/mL for 3-OHB[a]P and from 0.43 to 0.58 ng/mL for (+)-anti-BPDE. The intra- and inter-day stability assay data suggested that the method is accurate and precise. The recoveries of 3-OHB[a]P and (+)-anti-BPDE were in the ranges of 73.6 ± 5.0 to 116.5 ± 6.3% and 73.3 ± 8.5 to 141.2 ± 13.8%, respectively. A positive correlation was found between the concentration of intragastrical B[a]P and the concentrations of 3-OH-B[a]P and (+)-anti-BPDE in the blood and in most of the tissues studied, except for the brain and kidney, which showed no correlation between B[a]P and 3-OHB[a]P and between B[a]P and (+)-anti-BPDE, respectively. A sensitive, reliable and rapid HPLC/FD was developed and validated for analysis of 3-OHB[a]P and (+)-anti-BPDE in rat blood and tissues. There was a positive correlation between the concentration of 3-OHB[a]P or (+)-anti-BPDE in the blood and the concentration of 3-OHB[a]P or (+)-anti-BPDE in the most other tissues examined. The concentration of 3-OHB[a]P or (+)-anti-BPDE in the blood could be used as an indicator of the concentration of 3-OHB[a]P or (+)-anti-BPDE in the other tissues in response to B[a]P exposure. These results demonstrate that 3-OHB[a]P and (+)-anti-BPDE are potential biomarkers of B[a]P exposure, which would also be useful to assess the carcinogenic risks from B[a]P exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lin
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, LiaoNing Province, China.,Harbin Infectious Disease Hospital, Harbin 150036, HeiLongJiang Province, China
| | - Liu Xiao-Chen
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, LiaoNing Province, China
| | - Yang Bo
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, LiaoNing Province, China
| | - Liu Na
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, LiaoNing Province, China
| | - Shi Min
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, LiaoNing Province, China
| | - Chen Gang
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99210-1495, USA
| | - Liu Hui
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, LiaoNing Province, China
| | - Zhou Jie
- Clincal Labortory, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital, Dalian, 116001, LiaoNing Province, China
| | - Li Fa-Sheng
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, LiaoNing Province, China
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16
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Kim HG, Han EH, Im JH, Lee EJ, Jin SW, Jeong HG. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits 3-MC-induced CYP1A1 expression through induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 465:562-8. [PMID: 26296470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural component of propolis, is reported to have anticarcinogenic properties, although its precise chemopreventive mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of CAPE on 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC)-induced CYP1A1 expression and activities. CAPE reduced the formation of the benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adduct. Moreover, CAPE inhibited 3-MC-induced CYP1A1 activity, mRNA expression, protein level, and promoter activity. CAPE treatment also decreased 3-MC-inducible xenobiotic-response element (XRE)-linked luciferase, aryl hydrocarbons receptor (AhR) transactivation and nuclear localization. CAPE induced hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein level and HIF-1α responsible element (HRE) transcriptional activity. CAPE-mediated HIF-1α reduced 3-MC-inducible CYP1A1 protein expression. Taken together, CAPE decreases 3-MC-mediated CYP1A1 expression, and this inhibitory response is associated with inhibition of AhR and HIF-1α induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Gyun Kim
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Han
- Division of Life Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Im
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sun Woo Jin
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
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