1
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Cavett V, Chan AI, Cunningham CN, Paegel BM. Hydrogel-Encapsulated Beads Enable Proximity-Driven Encoded Library Synthesis and Screening. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1603-1610. [PMID: 37637732 PMCID: PMC10451030 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Encoded combinatorial library technologies have dramatically expanded the chemical space for screening but are usually only analyzed by affinity selection binding. It would be highly advantageous to reformat selection outputs to "one-bead-one-compound" solid-phase libraries, unlocking activity-based and cellular screening capabilities. Here, we describe hydrogel-encapsulated magnetic beads that enable such a transformation. Bulk emulsion polymerization of polyacrylamide hydrogel shells around magnetic microbeads yielded uniform particles (7 ± 2 μm diameter) that are compatible with diverse in-gel functionalization (amine, alkyne, oligonucleotides) and transformations associated with DNA-encoded library synthesis (acylation, enzymatic DNA ligation). In a case study of reformatting mRNA display libraries, transcription from DNA-templated magnetic beads encapsulated in gel particles colocalized both RNA synthesis via hybridization with copolymerized complementary DNA and translation via puromycin labeling. Two control epitope templates (V5, HA) were successfully enriched (50- and 99-fold, respectively) from an NNK5 library bead screen via FACS. Proximity-driven library synthesis in concert with magnetic sample manipulation provides a plausible means for reformatting encoded combinatorial libraries at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Cavett
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Alix I Chan
- Department
of Peptide Therapeutics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christian N. Cunningham
- Department
of Peptide Therapeutics, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Brian M. Paegel
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
- Departments
of Chemistry & Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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2
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Coffi Dit Gleize K, Tran CTH, Waterhouse A, Bilek MMM, Wickham SFJ. Plasma Activation of Microplates Optimized for One-Step Reagent-Free Immobilization of DNA and Protein. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:343-356. [PMID: 36550613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Activated microplates are widely used in biological assays and cell culture to immobilize biomolecules, either through passive physical adsorption or covalent cross-linking. Covalent attachment gives greater stability in complex biological mixtures. However, current multistep chemical activation methods add complexity and cost, require specific functional groups, and can introduce cytotoxic chemicals that affect downstream cellular applications. Here, we show a method for one-step linker-free activation of microplates by energetic ions from plasma for covalent immobilization of DNA and protein. Two types of energetic ion plasma treatment were shown to be effective: plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) and plasma-activated coating (PAC). This is the first time that PIII and PAC have been reported in microwell plates with nonflat geometry. We confirm that the plasma treatment generates radical-activated surfaces at the bottom of wells despite potential shadowing from the walls. Comprehensive surface characterization studies were used to compare the PIII and PAC microplate surface composition, wettability, radical density, optical properties, stability, and biomolecule immobilization density. PAC plates were found to have more nitrogen and lower radical density and were more hydrophobic and more stable over 3 months than PIII plates. Optimal conditions were obtained for high-density DNA (PAC, 0 or 21% nitrogen, pH 3-4) and streptavidin (PAC, 21% nitrogen, pH 5-7) binding while retaining optical properties required for typical high-throughput biochemical microplate assays, such as low autofluorescence and high transparency. DNA hybridization and protein activity of immobilized molecules were confirmed. We show that PAC activation allows for high-density covalent immobilization of functional DNA and protein in a single step on both 96- and 384-well plates without specific linker chemistry. These microplates could be used in the future to bind other user-selected ligands in a wide range of applications, for example, for solid phase polymerase chain reaction and stem cell culture and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara T H Tran
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anna Waterhouse
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown 2042, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Marcela M M Bilek
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shelley F J Wickham
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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3
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Le J, Osmanovic D, Klocke MA, Franco E. Fueling DNA Self-Assembly via Gel-Released Regulators. ACS NANO 2022; 16:16372-16384. [PMID: 36239698 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of responsive, multicomponent molecular materials requires means to physically separate yet easily couple distinct processes. Here we demonstrate methods to use molecules and reactions loaded into microliter-sized polyacrylamide hydrogels (mini-gels) to control the dynamic self-assembly of DNA nanotubes. We first characterize the UV-mediated release of DNA molecules from mini-gels, changing diffusion rates and minimizing spontaneous leakage of DNA. We then demonstrate that mini-gels can be used as compartments for storage and release of DNA that mediates the assembly or disassembly of DNA nanotubes in a one-pot process and that the speed of DNA release is controlled by the mini-gel porosity. With this approach, we achieve control of assembly and disassembly of nanotubes with distinct kinetics, including a finite delay that is obtained by loading distinct DNA regulators into distinct mini-gels. We finally show that mini-gels can also host and localize enzymatic reactions, by transcribing RNA regulators from synthetic genes loaded in the mini-gels, with diffusion of RNA to the aqueous phase resulting in the activation of self-assembly. Our experimental data are recapitulated by a mathematical model that describes the diffusion of DNA molecules from the gel phase to the aqueous phase in which they control self-assembly of nanotubes. Looking forward, DNA-loaded mini-gels may be further miniaturized and patterned to build more sophisticated storage compartments for use within multicomponent, complex biomolecular materials relevant for biomedical applications and artificial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Le
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles90095, United States
| | - Dino Osmanovic
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles90095, United States
| | - Melissa Ann Klocke
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles90095, United States
| | - Elisa Franco
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles90095, United States
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4
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DNA -based hydrogels for high-performance optical biosensing application. Talanta 2022; 244:123427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Jang K, Westbay JH, Asher SA. DNA-Crosslinked 2D Photonic Crystal Hydrogels for Detection of Adenosine Actuated by an Adenosine-Binding Aptamer. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1648-1656. [PMID: 35623053 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to develop versatile sensing motifs that can be used to detect a variety of chemical targets in resource-limited settings, for example, at the point of care. While numerous sensing technologies have been developed toward this effort, these technologies can be overly complex and require a skilled technician, extensive sample preparation, or sophisticated instrumentation to use, limiting their generalizability and application in resource-limited settings. Here, we report a novel sensing motif that utilizes DNA-crosslinked two-dimensional photonic crystal (2DPC) hydrogels. These hydrogel sensors contain a DNA aptamer recognition group that binds a target analyte. As proof of concept, we fabricated 2DPC hydrogels using a well-studied adenosine-binding aptamer. This adenosine aptamer is duplexed with a partially complementary strand and forms responsive crosslinks in the hydrogel polymer network. When adenosine is introduced, aptamer-adenosine binding occurs, breaking the DNA crosslinks and causing the hydrogel to swell. This in turn increases the particle spacing of an embedded 2DPC array, shifting the 2DPC Bragg diffraction. Thus, adenosine concentration can be monitored through 2DPC Bragg diffraction measurements. A linear range of 20 μM to 2 mM was observed. The detection limits were calculated to be 13.9 μM in adenosine-binding buffer and 26.7 μM in fetal bovine serum. This reported sensing motif has a readout that is simple and rapid and requires minimal equipment. We hypothesize that this sensing motif is generalizable and that other sensors can be easily fabricated by simply exchanging the aptamer that serves as a molecular recognition group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongwoo Jang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - James H. Westbay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Sanford A. Asher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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6
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Monakhova MV, Kubareva EA, Kolesnikov KK, Anashkin VA, Kosaretskiy EM, Zvereva MI, Romanova EA, Friedhoff P, Oretskaya TS, Zatsepin TS. Reactive Acrylamide-Modified DNA Traps for Accurate Cross-Linking with Cysteine Residues in DNA–Protein Complexes Using Mismatch Repair Protein MutS as a Model. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082438. [PMID: 35458636 PMCID: PMC9031232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent protein capture (cross-linking) by reactive DNA derivatives makes it possible to investigate structural features by fixing complexes at different stages of DNA–protein recognition. The most common cross-linking methods are based on reactive groups that interact with native or engineered cysteine residues. Nonetheless, high reactivity of most of such groups leads to preferential fixation of early-stage complexes or even non-selective cross-linking. We synthesised a set of DNA reagents carrying an acrylamide group attached to the C5 atom of a 2′-deoxyuridine moiety via various linkers and studied cross-linking with MutS as a model protein. MutS scans DNA for mismatches and damaged nucleobases and can form multiple non-specific complexes with DNA that may cause non-selective cross-linking. By varying the length of the linker between DNA and the acrylamide group and by changing the distance between the reactive nucleotide and a mismatch in the duplex, we showed that cross-linking occurs only if the distance between the acrylamide group and cysteine is optimal within the DNA–protein complex. Thus, acrylamide-modified DNA duplexes are excellent tools for studying DNA–protein interactions because of high selectivity of cysteine trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayya V. Monakhova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.); (V.A.A.); (E.A.R.); (T.S.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(903)-593-8905
| | - Elena A. Kubareva
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.); (V.A.A.); (E.A.R.); (T.S.O.)
| | - Kirill K. Kolesnikov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.K.); (M.I.Z.); (T.S.Z.)
| | - Viktor A. Anashkin
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.); (V.A.A.); (E.A.R.); (T.S.O.)
| | - Egor M. Kosaretskiy
- Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maria I. Zvereva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.K.); (M.I.Z.); (T.S.Z.)
| | - Elena A. Romanova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.); (V.A.A.); (E.A.R.); (T.S.O.)
| | - Peter Friedhoff
- Institute for Biochemistry, FB 08, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Tatiana S. Oretskaya
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.K.); (V.A.A.); (E.A.R.); (T.S.O.)
| | - Timofei S. Zatsepin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.K.K.); (M.I.Z.); (T.S.Z.)
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7
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Abstract
Living cells move and change their shape because signaling chemical reactions modify the state of their cytoskeleton, an active gel that converts chemical energy into mechanical forces. To create life-like materials, it is thus key to engineer chemical pathways that drive active gels. Here we describe the preparation of DNA-responsive surfaces that control the activity of a cytoskeletal active gel composed of microtubules: A DNA signal triggers the release of molecular motors from the surface into the gel bulk, generating forces that structure the gel. Depending on the DNA sequence and concentration, the gel forms a periodic band pattern or contracts globally. Finally, we show that the structuration of the active gel can be spatially controlled in the presence of a gradient of DNA concentration. We anticipate that such DNA-controlled active matter will contribute to the development of life-like materials with self-shaping properties.
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8
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Žuržul N, Stokke BT. DNA Aptamer Functionalized Hydrogels for Interferometric Fiber-Optic Based Continuous Monitoring of Potassium Ions. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:266. [PMID: 34436068 PMCID: PMC8392310 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, we describe a potassium sensor based on DNA-aptamer functionalized hydrogel, that is capable of continuous label-free potassium ion (K+) monitoring with potential for in situ application. A hydrogel attached to the end of an optical fiber is designed with di-oligonucleotides grafted to the polymer network that may serve as network junctions in addition to the covalent crosslinks. Specific affinity toward K+ is based on exploiting a particular aptamer that exhibits conformational transition from single-stranded DNA to G-quadruplex formed by the di-oligonucleotide in the presence of K+. Integration of this aptamer into the hydrogel transforms the K+ specific conformational transition to a K+ concentration dependent deswelling of the hydrogel. High-resolution interferometry monitors changes in extent of swelling at 1 Hz and 2 nm resolution for the hydrogel matrix of 50 µm. The developed hydrogel-based biosensor displayed high selectivity for K+ ions in the concentration range up to 10 mM, in the presence of physiological concentrations of Na+. Additionally, the concentration dependent and selective K+ detection demonstrated in the artificial blood buffer environment, both at room and physiological temperatures, suggests substantial potential for practical applications such as monitoring of potassium ion concentration in blood levels in intensive care medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bjørn Torger Stokke
- Biophysics and Medical Technology, Department of Physics, NTNU The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;
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9
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Li Y, Gao H, Qi Z, Huang Z, Ma L, Liu J. Freezing-Assisted Conjugation of Unmodified Diblock DNA to Hydrogel Nanoparticles and Monoliths for DNA and Hg 2+ Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12985-12991. [PMID: 33792133 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acrydite-modified DNA is the most frequently used reagent to prepare DNA-functionalized hydrogels. Herein, we show that unmodified penta-adenine (A5 ) can reach up to 75 % conjugation efficiency in 8 h under a freezing polymerization condition in polyacrylamide hydrogels. DNA incorporation efficiency was reduced by forming duplex or other folded structures and by removing the freezing condition. By designing diblock DNA containing an A5 block, various functional DNA sequences were attached. Such hydrogels were designed for ultrasensitive DNA hybridization and Hg2+ detection, with detection limits of 50 pM and 10 nM, respectively, demonstrating the feasibility of using unmodified DNA to replace acrydite-DNA. The same method worked for both gel nanoparticles and monoliths. This work revealed interesting reaction products by exploiting freezing and has provided a cost-effective way to attach DNA to hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zengyao Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lingzi Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research, 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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10
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Li Y, Gao H, Qi Z, Huang Z, Ma L, Liu J. Freezing‐Assisted Conjugation of Unmodified Diblock DNA to Hydrogel Nanoparticles and Monoliths for DNA and Hg
2+
Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Li
- Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Hang Gao
- Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Zengyao Qi
- Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Lingzi Ma
- Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research 17W Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong Hong Kong
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11
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Yoo E, Choe D, Shin J, Cho S, Cho BK. Mini review: Enzyme-based DNA synthesis and selective retrieval for data storage. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2468-2476. [PMID: 34025937 PMCID: PMC8113751 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The market for using and storing digital data is growing, with DNA synthesis emerging as an efficient way to store massive amounts of data. Storing information in DNA mainly consists of two steps: data writing and reading. The writing step requires encoding data in DNA, building one nucleotide at a time as a form of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Once the data needs to be read, the target DNA is selectively retrieved and sequenced, which will also be in the form of an ssDNA. Recently, enzyme-based DNA synthesis is emerging as a new method to be a breakthrough on behalf of decades-old chemical synthesis. A few enzymatic methods have been presented for data memory, including the use of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Besides, enzyme-based amplification or denaturation of the target strand into ssDNA provides selective access to the desired dataset. In this review, we summarize diverse enzymatic methods for either synthesizing ssDNA or retrieving the data-containing DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eojin Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghui Choe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongoh Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyung Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Innovative Biomaterials Research Center, KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Kwan Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Innovative Biomaterials Research Center, KI for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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12
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Meena GG, Hanson RL, Wood RL, Brown OT, Stott MA, Robison RA, Pitt WG, Woolley AT, Hawkins AR, Schmidt H. 3× multiplexed detection of antibiotic resistant plasmids with single molecule sensitivity. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3763-3771. [PMID: 33048071 PMCID: PMC7574402 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00640h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens resistant to antibiotics have become a serious health threat. Those species which have developed resistance against multiple drugs such as the carbapenems, are more lethal as these are last line therapy antibiotics. Current diagnostic tests for these resistance traits are based on singleplex target amplification techniques which can be time consuming and prone to errors. Here, we demonstrate a chip based optofluidic system with single molecule sensitivity for amplification-free, multiplexed detection of plasmids with genes corresponding to antibiotic resistance, within one hour. Rotating disks and microfluidic chips with functionalized polymer monoliths provided the upstream sample preparation steps to selectively extract these plasmids from blood spiked with E. coli DH5α cells. Waveguide-based spatial multiplexing using a multi-mode interference waveguide on an optofluidic chip was used for parallel detection of three different carbapenem resistance genes. These results point the way towards rapid, amplification-free, multiplex analysis of antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Meena
- School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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13
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Urtel G, Estevez-Torres A, Galas JC. DNA-based long-lived reaction-diffusion patterning in a host hydrogel. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9343-9351. [PMID: 31693052 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01786k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of living organisms is a source of inspiration for the creation of synthetic life-like materials. Embryo development is divided into three stages that are inextricably linked: patterning, differentiation and growth. During patterning, sustained out-of-equilibrium molecular programs interpret underlying molecular cues to create well-defined concentration profiles. Implementing this patterning stage in an autonomous synthetic material is a challenge that at least requires a programmable and long-lasting out-of-equilibrium chemistry compatible with a host material. Here, we show that DNA/enzyme reactions can create reaction-diffusion patterns that are extraordinarily long-lasting both in solution and inside an autonomous hydrogel. The life-time and stability of these patterns - here, traveling fronts and two-band patterns - are significantly increased by blocking parasitic side reactions and by dramatically reducing the diffusion coefficient of specific DNA strands. Immersed in oil, hydrogels pattern autonomously with limited evaporation, but can also exchange chemical information with other gels when brought into contact. Providing a certain degree of autonomy and being capable of interacting with each other, we believe these out-of-equilibrium hydrogels open the way for the rational design of primitive metabolic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Urtel
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - André Estevez-Torres
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), F-75005, Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Christophe Galas
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), F-75005, Paris, France.
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14
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Engineering functional hydrogel microparticle interfaces by controlled oxygen-inhibited photopolymerization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 180:371-375. [PMID: 31079030 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Functional poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel microparticles for the detection of bioactive macromolecules were fabricated via oxygen-inhibited photopolymerization in a droplet microfluidic device. Hydrogel network functionalization and architecture were characterized using a biotin-avidin binding assay, which revealed radial network inhomogeneities dependent on exposure conditions. Empirical results were corroborated using a reaction-diffusion model, describing the effects of exposure intensity on the spatial photopolymerization kinetics and resulting polymeric mesh network. The combination of finely controlled exposure conditions and predictive simulations enables the generation of tailored particles with microengineered interfaces and gradients in crosslinking density, which dictate solute diffusivity and elasticity, augmenting the utility of this approach in engineering multifunctional, size-excluding hydrogel particles for multiplexed biomolecular sensing.
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15
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Shang Z, Han F, Zhou X, Bao Z, Zhu J, Wang T, Lu Q, Du L, Li W, Lv D, Yin X. A variant of GRK5 is associated with the therapeutic efficacy of repaglinide in Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drug Dev Res 2018; 79:129-135. [PMID: 29663513 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Post-Market Research We aimed to investigate the impact of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) rs10886471 polymorphism on repaglinide efficacy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 300 T2DM patients and 210 healthy controls were genotyped for GRK5 rs10886471 on a three-dimensional polyacrylamide gel-based DNA microarray. Eighty-five patients with the same genotypes of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C8*3 139Arg and organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) 521TT were randomly selected to orally take repaglinide for eight consecutive weeks. Then, the biochemical indicators and pharmacodynamic parameters were measured before and after repaglinide treatment. The T allelic frequency of GRK5 rs10886471 was higher in T2DM patients than in healthy subjects (p < .01). T2DM patients with genotypes CC and CT at GRK5 rs10886471 had a significant reduction in terms of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) compared with those with genotype TT (p < .01). In addition, the carriers of genotypes CC and CT at GRK5 rs10886471 had higher differential values of postprandial serum insulin (PINS) compared with genotype TT carriers (p < .05). These findings suggest that GRK5 rs10886471 polymorphism may influence the therapeutic efficacy of repaglinide in Chinese Han T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhai Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feifei Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Diagnostics, Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zejun Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dongmei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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16
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Zhang Y, Chan PPY, Herr AE. Rapid Capture and Release of Nucleic Acids through a Reversible Photo-Cycloaddition Reaction in a Psoralen-Functionalized Hydrogel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2357-2361. [PMID: 29316080 PMCID: PMC5955697 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reversible immobilization of DNA and RNA is of great interest to researchers who seek to manipulate DNA or RNA in applications such as microarrays, DNA hydrogels, and gene therapeutics. However, there is no existing system that can rapidly capture and release intact nucleic acids. To meet this unmet need, we developed a functional hydrogel for rapid DNA/RNA capture and release based on the reversible photo-cycloaddition of psoralen and pyrimidines. The functional hydrogel can be easily fabricated through copolymerization of acrylamide with the synthesized allylated psoralen. The psoralen-functionalized hydrogel exhibits effective capture and release of nucleic acids spanning a wide range of lengths in a rapid fashion; over 90 % of the capture process is completed within 1 min, and circa 100 % of the release process is completed within 2 min. We observe no deleterious effects on the hybridization to the captured targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Peggy P Y Chan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Faculty of Science Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Amy E Herr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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17
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Zhang Y, Chan PPY, Herr AE. Rapid Capture and Release of Nucleic Acids through a Reversible Photo-Cycloaddition Reaction in a Psoralen-Functionalized Hydrogel. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Peggy P. Y. Chan
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Faculty of Science Engineering & Technology; Swinburne University of Technology; Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Amy E. Herr
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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18
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Krieg E, Shih WM. Selective Nascent Polymer Catch-and-Release Enables Scalable Isolation of Multi-Kilobase Single-Stranded DNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:714-718. [PMID: 29210156 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Scalable methods currently are lacking for isolation of long ssDNA, an important material for numerous biotechnological applications. Conventional biomolecule purification strategies achieve target capture using solid supports, which are limited in scale and susceptible to contamination owing to nonspecific adsorption and desorption on the substrate surface. We herein disclose selective nascent polymer catch and release (SNAPCAR), a method that utilizes the reactivity of growing poly(acrylamide-co-acrylate) chains to capture acrylamide-labeled molecules in free solution. The copolymer acts as a stimuli-responsive anchor that can be precipitated on demand to pull down the target from solution. SNAPCAR enabled scalable isolation of multi-kilobase ssDNA with high purity and 50-70 % yield. The ssDNA products were used to fold various DNA origami. SNAPCAR-produced ssDNA will expand the scope of applications in nanotechnology, gene editing, and DNA library construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Krieg
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - William M Shih
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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19
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Krieg E, Shih WM. Selective Nascent Polymer Catch‐and‐Release Enables Scalable Isolation of Multi‐Kilobase Single‐Stranded DNA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Krieg
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - William M. Shih
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave Boston MA 02215 USA
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20
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Wang Z, Ivory C, Minerick AR. Surface isoelectric focusing (sIEF) with carrier ampholyte pH gradient. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2565-2575. [PMID: 28722147 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is a powerful tool for amphoteric protein separations because of high sensitivity, bio-compatibility, and reduced complexity compared to chromatography or mechanical separation techniques. IEF miniaturization is attractive because it enables rapid analysis, easier adaptation to point of care applications, and smaller sample demands. However, existing small-scale IEF tools have not yet been able to analyze single protein spots from array libraries, which are ubiquitous in many pharmaceutical discovery and screening protocols. Thus, we introduce an in situ, novel, miniaturized protein analysis approach that we have termed surface isoelectric focusing (sIEF). Low volume printed sIEF gels can be run at length scales of ∼300 μm, utilize ∼0.9 ng of protein with voltages below 10 V. Further, the sIEF device platform is so simple that it can be integrated with protein library arrays to reduce cost; devices demonstrate reusability above 50 uses. An acrylamide monomer solution containing broad-range carrier ampholytes was microprinted with a Nano eNablerTM between micropatterned gold electrodes spaced 300 μm apart on a glass slide. The acrylamide gel was polymerized in situ followed by protein loading via printed diffusional exchange. A pH gradient formed via carrier ampholyte stacking when electrodes were energized; the gradient was verified using ratiometric pH-sensitive FITC/TRITC dyes. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) and R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) were utilized both as pI markers and to test sIEF performance as a function of electric field strength and ampholyte concentration. Factors hampering sIEF included cathodic drift and pH gradient compression, but were reduced by co-printing non-ionic Synperonic® F-108 surfactant to reduce protein-gel interactions. sIEF gels achieved protein separations in <10 min yielding bands < 50 μm wide with peak capacities of ∼8 and minimum pI differences from 0.12 to 0.14. This new sIEF technique demonstrated comparable focusing at ∼100 times smaller dimensions than any previous IEF. Further, sample volumes required were reduced four orders of magnitude from 20 μL for slab gel IEF to 0.002 μL for sIEF. In summary, sIEF advantages include smaller volumes, reduced power consumption, and microchip surface accessibility to focused bands along with equivalent separation resolutions to prior IEF tools. These attributes position this new technology for rapid, in situ protein library analysis in clinical and pharmaceutical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
| | - Cornelius Ivory
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Adrienne R Minerick
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA
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21
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Cervantes-Salguero K, Kawamata I, Nomura SIM, Murata S. Unzipping and shearing DNA with electrophoresed nanoparticles in hydrogels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:13414-13418. [PMID: 28513698 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02214j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We show electric control of unzipping and shearing dehybridization of a DNA duplex anchored to a hydrogel. Tensile force is applied by electrophoresing (25 V cm-1) gold nanoparticles pulling the DNA duplex. The pulled DNA strand is gradually released from the hydrogel. The unzipping release rate is faster than shearing; for example, 3-fold for a 15 base pair duplex, which helps to design electrically driven DNA devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitel Cervantes-Salguero
- Department of Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-1 Aobayama, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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22
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Malone ML, Cavett VJ, Paegel BM. Chemoselective Coupling Preserves the Substrate Integrity of Surface-Immobilized Oligonucleotides for Emulsion PCR-Based Gene Library Construction. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2017; 19:9-14. [PMID: 28064476 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.6b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Combinatorial bead libraries figure prominently in next-generation sequencing and are also important tools for in vitro evolution. The most common methodology for generating such bead libraries, emulsion PCR (emPCR), enzymatically extends bead-immobilized oligonucleotide PCR primers in emulsion droplets containing a single progenitor library member. Primers are almost always immobilized on beads via noncovalent biotin-streptavidin binding. Here, we describe covalent bead functionalization with primers (∼106 primers/2.8-μm-diameter bead) via either azide-alkyne click chemistry or Michael addition. The primers are viable polymerase substrates (4-7% bead-immobilized enzymatic extension product yield from one thermal cycle). Carbodiimide-activated carboxylic acid beads only react with oligonucleotides under conditions that promote nonspecific interactions (low salt, low pH, no detergent), comparably immobilizing primers on beads, but yielding no detectable enzymatic extension product. Click-functionalized beads perform satisfactorily in emPCR of a site-saturation mutagenesis library, generating monoclonal templated beads (104-105 copies/bead, 1.4-kb amplicons). This simpler, chemical approach to primer immobilization may spur more economical library preparation for high-throughput sequencing and enable more complex surface elaboration for in vitro evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie L. Malone
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Valerie J. Cavett
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Brian M. Paegel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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23
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Lee SH, Lee JH, Lee HW, Kim YH, Jeong OC, Ahn JY. On-Flow Synthesis of Co-Polymerizable Oligo-Microspheres and Application in ssDNA Amplification. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159777. [PMID: 27447941 PMCID: PMC4957773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We fabricated droplet-based microfluidic platform for copolymerizable microspheres with acrydite modified DNA probe. The copolymerizable 3-D polyacrylamide microspheres were successfully produced from microcontinuous-flow synthesis with on-channel solidification. DNA copolymerization activity, surface presentation and thermostability were assessed by using fluorescent labeled complementary probe. The binding performance was only visible on the surface area of oligo-microspheres. We show that the resulting oligo-microspheres can be directly integrated into a streamlined microsphere-PCR protocol for amplifying ssDNA. Our microspheres could be utilized as a potential material for ssDNA analysis such as DNA microarray and automatic DNA SELEX process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hee Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
| | - Jae Ha Lee
- Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyungnam 621–749, South Korea
| | - Ho Won Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyungnam 621–749, South Korea
| | - Yang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
| | - Ok Chan Jeong
- Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyungnam 621–749, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, 197 Inje-ro, Gimhae, Gyungnam 621–749, South Korea
- * E-mail: (OCJ); (J-YA)
| | - Ji-Young Ahn
- Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-Ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
- * E-mail: (OCJ); (J-YA)
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24
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Beyer A, Pollok S, Rudloff A, Cialla-May D, Weber K, Popp J. Fast-Track, One-Step E. coli
Detection: A Miniaturized Hydrogel Array Permits Specific Direct PCR and DNA Hybridization while Amplification. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:1325-33. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Beyer
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology; Jenaer BioChip Initiative; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena; Zentrum für Angewandte Forschung; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sibyll Pollok
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology; Jenaer BioChip Initiative; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena; Zentrum für Angewandte Forschung; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
- Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule Jena; University of Applied Sciences; Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Anne Rudloff
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology; Jenaer BioChip Initiative; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena; Zentrum für Angewandte Forschung; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology; Jenaer BioChip Initiative; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena; Zentrum für Angewandte Forschung; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Karina Weber
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology; Jenaer BioChip Initiative; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena; Zentrum für Angewandte Forschung; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology; Jenaer BioChip Initiative; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics Forschungscampus Jena; Zentrum für Angewandte Forschung; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
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25
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Jung YK, Kim J, Mathies RA. Microfluidic hydrogel arrays for direct genotyping of clinical samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 79:371-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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26
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Zhang Z, Liu J. Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with DNA Aptamer Fragments as Macromonomers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:6371-6378. [PMID: 26910515 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are produced in the presence of a template molecule. After removing the template, the cavity can selectively rebind the template. MIPs are attractive functional materials with a low cost and high stability, but traditional MIPs often suffer from low binding affinity. This study employs DNA aptamer fragments as macromonomers to improve MIPs. The DNA aptamer for adenosine was first split into two halves, fluorescently labeled, and copolymerized into MIPs. With a fluorescence quenching assay, the importance of imprinting was confirmed. Further studies were carried out using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Compared to the mixture of the free aptamer fragments, their MIPs doubled the binding affinity. Each free aptamer fragment alone cannot bind adenosine, whereas MIPs containing each fragment are effective binders. We further shortened one of the aptamer fragments, and the DNA length was pushed to as short as six nucleotides, yielding MIPs with a dissociation constant of 27 μM adenosine. This study provides a new method for preparing functional MIP materials by combining high-affinity biopolymer fragments with low-cost synthetic monomers, allowing higher binding affinity and providing a method for signaling binding based on DNA chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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27
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Beyer A, Cialla-May D, Weber K, Popp J. Hydrogel Decorated Chips for Convenient DNA Test. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Beyer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics; Research Campus Jena; Center for Applied Research; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics; Research Campus Jena; Center for Applied Research; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Karina Weber
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics; Research Campus Jena; Center for Applied Research; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics; Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- InfectoGnostics; Research Campus Jena; Center for Applied Research; Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
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28
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Song J, Sun M, Li J, Zhou D, Wu X. Three-dimensional polyacrylamide gel-based DNA microarray method effectively identifies UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 gene polymorphisms for the correct diagnosis of Gilbert's syndrome. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:575-80. [PMID: 26781906 PMCID: PMC4771114 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gilbert's syndrome is a mild genetic liver disorder characterized by unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to defects in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene. The T-3279G mutation in the phenobarbital responsive enhancer module (PBREM), the TA-insertion in the TATA box, creating the A(TA)7TAA motif instead of A(TA)6TAA and the G211A mutation in coding exon 1, particularly in Asian populations, of the human UGT1A1 gene are the three common genotypes found in patients with Gilbert's syndrome. Different approaches for detecting the T-3279G, A(TA)6/7TAA and G211A mutations of the UGT1A1 gene have been described. In this study, to the best of our knowledge, we established a three-dimensional polyacrylamide gel-based DNA microarray method for the first time, in order to study UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms. This method, based on a step-by-step three-dimensional polyacrylamide gel-based DNA microarray protocol, successfully identified all possible genotypes of T-3279G, A(TA)6/7TAA and G211A in 20 patients with hyperbilirubinemia. In addition, sequencing was performed to confirm these results. The data from the current study demonstrate that the three-dimensional polyacrylamide gel microarray method has the potential to be applied as a useful, reliable and cost-effective tool to detect the T-3279G, the A(TA)6/7TAA and the G211A mutations of the UGT1A1 gene in patients with hyperbilirubinemia and thereby aid in the diagnosis of Gilbert's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Song
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to the Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Mei Sun
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to the Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Jiayan Li
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to the Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Dongrui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, P.R. China
| | - Xuping Wu
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated to the Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
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29
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Multiplexed hydrogel microparticle suspension arrays for facile ribosomal RNA integrity assays. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-015-0265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Glotov AS, Sinitsyna ES, Danilova MM, Vashukova ES, Walter JG, Stahl F, Baranov VS, Vlakh EG, Tennikova TB. Detection of human genome mutations associated with pregnancy complications using 3-D microarray based on macroporous polymer monoliths. Talanta 2015; 147:537-46. [PMID: 26592644 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of variations in DNA structure using a low-density microarray technology for routine diagnostic in evidence-based medicine is still relevant. In this work the applicability of 3-D macroporous monolithic methacrylate-based platforms for detection of different pathogenic genomic substitutions was studied. The detection of nucleotide replacements in F5 (Leiden G/A, rs6025), MTHFR (C/T, rs1801133) and ITGB3 (T/C, rs5918), involved in coagulation, and COMT (C/G, rs4818), TPH2 (T/A, rs11178997), PON1 (T/A rs854560), AGTR2 (C/A, rs11091046) and SERPINE1 (5G/4G, rs1799889), associated with pregnancy complications, was performed. The effect of such parameters as amount and type of oligonucleotide probe, amount of PCR product on signal-to-noise ratio, as well as mismatch discrimination was analyzed. Sensitivity and specificity of mutation detections were coincided and equal to 98.6%. The analysis of SERPINE1 and MTHFR genotypes by both NGS and developed microarray was performed and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Glotov
- Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E S Sinitsyna
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Macromolecular Compound, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M M Danilova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E S Vashukova
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - J G Walter
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany
| | - F Stahl
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University, Hannover, Germany
| | - V S Baranov
- Faculty of Biology, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E G Vlakh
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Macromolecular Compound, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T B Tennikova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Macromolecular Compound, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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31
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Damase TR, Stephens D, Spencer A, Allen PB. Open source and DIY hardware for DNA nanotechnology labs. J Biol Methods 2015; 2:e24. [PMID: 26457320 DOI: 10.14440/jbm.2015.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of instruments and specialized equipment is necessary to equip a laboratory to work with DNA. Reducing the barrier to entry for DNA manipulation should enable and encourage new labs to enter the field. We present three examples of open source/DIY technology with significantly reduced costs relative to commercial equipment. This includes a gel scanner, a horizontal PAGE gel mold, and a homogenizer for generating DNA-coated particles. The overall cost savings obtained by using open source/DIY equipment was between 50 and 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulsi R Damase
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Daniel Stephens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Adam Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Peter B Allen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
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32
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Song Y, Yao Y, Jin S, Tang Y, Huang Y, Chen H, Wang Y, Mi H. Designed Synthesis of Natural DNA as a Main Chain-based Brush-shaped Copolymer. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
| | - Yanhuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
| | - Susu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
| | - Yating Tang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
| | - Yapeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
| | - Huaifeng Mi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University
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33
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Jung YK, Kim J, Mathies RA. Microfluidic Linear Hydrogel Array for Multiplexed Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Detection. Anal Chem 2015; 87:3165-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5048696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kyung Jung
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- School
of Natural
Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungkyu Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Richard A. Mathies
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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34
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Beyer A, Pollok S, Berg A, Weber K, Popp J. Easy daylight fabricated hydrogel array for colorimetric DNA analysis. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:889-98. [PMID: 24497199 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of 3D hydrogel microarrays for DNA analytics that allow simple visual signal readout for on-site applications is described. A convenient one-step polymerization of the hydrogel including in situ capture oligonucleotide immobilization is accomplished by using N,N'-dimethylacrylamide/polyethylene glycol (PEG1900 )-bisacrylamide monomers. The implementation of an acylphosphine-oxide photoinitiator even allows polymerization at daylight, whereas other approaches require exposure with light in the UV-range. This minimizes the risk of UV-caused DNA damages within the capture DNA-strand that could adversely affect the subsequent hybridization step. The porous network of these gel segments allows DNA as well as protein penetration. Thus, the successful in-gel DNA hybridization is monitored by the deposition of silver nanoparticles. These metal particles allow naked eye signal readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Beyer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
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35
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Khimji I, Kelly EY, Helwa Y, Hoang M, Liu J. Visual optical biosensors based on DNA-functionalized polyacrylamide hydrogels. Methods 2013; 64:292-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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36
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Xiong X, Zhou C, Wu C, Zhu G, Chen Z, Tan W. Responsive DNA-based hydrogels and their applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1271-83. [PMID: 23857726 PMCID: PMC4470902 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The term hydrogel describes a type of soft and wet material formed by cross-linked hydrophilic polymers. The distinct feature of hydrogels is their ability to absorb a large amount of water and swell. The properties of a hydrogel are usually determined by the chemical properties of their constituent polymer(s). However, a group of hydrogels, called "smart hydrogels," changes properties in response to environmental changes or external stimuli. Recently, DNA or DNA-inspired responsive hydrogels have attracted considerable attention in construction of smart hydrogels because of the intrinsic advantages of DNA. As a biological polymer, DNA is hydrophilic, biocompatible, and highly programmable by Watson-Crick base pairing. DNA can form a hydrogel by itself under certain conditions, and it can also be incorporated into synthetic polymers to form DNA-hybrid hydrogels. Functional DNAs, such as aptamers and DNAzymes, provide additional molecular recognition capabilities and versatility. In this Review, DNA-based hydrogels are discussed in terms of their stimulus response, as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Xiong
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio- Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Cuisong Zhou
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio- Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Cuichen Wu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio- Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Guizhi Zhu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio- Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | | | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio- Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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37
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Lee DS, Park JS, Lee EJ, Kim HJ, Lee J. A protein nanofiber hydrogel for sensitive immunoassays. Analyst 2013; 138:4786-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00564j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Chen P, Li C, Liu D, Li Z. DNA-Grafted Polypeptide Molecular Bottlebrush Prepared via Ring-Opening Polymerization and Click Chemistry. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma302233m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- Beijing National
Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dongsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Beijing National
Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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39
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Allen PB, Chen X, Ellington AD. Spatial control of DNA reaction networks by DNA sequence. Molecules 2012; 17:13390-402. [PMID: 23143151 PMCID: PMC3764599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171113390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a set of DNA circuits that execute during gel electrophoresis to yield immobile, fluorescent features in the gel. The parallel execution of orthogonal circuits led to the simultaneous production of different fluorescent lines at different positions in the gel. The positions of the lines could be rationally manipulated by changing the mobilities of the reactants. The ability to program at the nanoscale so as to produce patterns at the macroscale is a step towards programmable, synthetic chemical systems for generating defined spatiotemporal patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew D. Ellington
- * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +1-512-471-6445; Fax: +1-512-471-2681
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40
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Lee EJ, Ahn KY, Lee JH, Park JS, Song JA, Sim SJ, Lee EB, Cha YJ, Lee J. A novel bioassay platform using ferritin-based nanoprobe hydrogel. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:4739-4730. [PMID: 22778052 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Ro 145, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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41
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Fernandez RE, Mastrangelo CH. Direct imaging of DNA motif sequences with encoded nanoparticles. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2012; 2011:4770-3. [PMID: 22255404 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6091181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We present a method for encoded tagging and imaging of short nucleic acid motif chains (oligomotifs) using selective hybridization of heterogeneous Au nanoparticles. The resulting encoded nanoparticle string is thus representative of the underlying motif sequence. Since the nanoparticles are much more massive than the motifs; the motif chain order can be directly observed using scanning electron microscopy. Using this technique we demonstrate direct sequencing of oligomotifs in single DNA molecules consisting of four 100-bp motif chains tagged with four different types of nanoparticles. The method outlined is a precursor for a high density direct sequencing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renny E Fernandez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, UT, USA.
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42
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Sinitsyna ES, Walter JG, Vlakh EG, Stahl F, Kasper C, Tennikova TB. Macroporous methacrylate-based monoliths as platforms for DNA microarrays. Talanta 2012; 93:139-46. [PMID: 22483890 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Macroporous monoliths with different surface functionalization (reactive groups) were utilized as platforms for DNA analysis in microarray format. The slides based on a copolymer glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate (GMA-EDMA) have been chosen as well known and thoroughly studied standard. In particular, this material has been used at optimization of DNA microanalytical procedure. The concentration and pH of spotting solution, immobilization temperature and time, blocking agent and coupling reaction duration were selected as varied parameters. The efficiency of analysis performed on 3-D monolithic platforms was compared to that established for commercially available glass slides. As a practical example, a diagnostic test for detection of CFTR gene mutation was carried out. Additionally, the part of presented work was devoted to preparation of aptamer-based test-system that allowed successful and highly sensitive detection both of DNA and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Sinitsyna
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
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43
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Direct imaging of DNA motif sequences with encoded nanoparticles. N Biotechnol 2011; 29:279-84. [PMID: 22123071 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We present a method for encoded tagging and imaging of short nucleic acid motif chains (oligomotifs) using selective hybridization of heterogeneous Au nanoparticles (Au-NP). The resulting encoded NP string is thus representative of the underlying motif sequence. As the NPs are much more massive than the motifs, the motif chain order can be directly observed using scanning electron microscopy. Using this technique we demonstrate direct sequencing of oligomotifs in single DNA molecules consisting of four 100-nt motif chains tagged with four different types of NPs. The method outlined is a precursor for a high density direct sequencing technology.
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44
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Kivlehan F, Paolucci M, Brennan D, Ragoussis I, Galvin P. Three-dimensional hydrogel structures as optical sensor arrays, for the detection of specific DNA sequences. Anal Biochem 2011; 421:1-8. [PMID: 22079487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication and characterization of surface-attached PEG-diacrylate hydrogel structures and their application as sensing platforms for the detection of specific target sequences are reported. Hydrogel structures were formed by a photopolymerization process, using substrate-bound Eosin Y molecules for the production of free radicals. We have demonstrated that this fabrication process allows for control over hydrogel growth down to the micrometer scale. Confocal imaging revealed relatively large pore structures for 25% (v/v) PEG-diacrylate hydrogels, which appear to lie in tightly packed layers. Our data suggest that these pore structures decrease in size for hydrogels with increasing levels of PEG-diacrylate. Surface coverage values calculated for hydrogels immobilized with 21-mer DNA probe sequences were significantly higher compared to those previously reported for 2- and 3-dimensional sensing platforms, on the order of 10(16)molecules cm(-2). Used as sensing platforms in DNA hybridization assays, a detection limit of 3.9 nM was achieved for hybridization reactions between 21-mer probe and target sequences. The ability of these hydrogel sensing platforms to discriminate between wild-type and mutant allele sequences was also demonstrated, down to target concentrations of 1-2 nM. A reduction in the hybridization time down to a period of 15 min was also achieved, while still maintaining confident results, demonstrating the potential for future integration of these sensing platforms within Lab-on-Chip or diagnostic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Kivlehan
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, University College, Cork, Ireland
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45
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Golova JB, Chernov BK, Perov AN, Reynolds J, Linger YL, Kukhtin A, Chandler DP. Nonvolatile copolymer compositions for fabricating gel element microarrays. Anal Biochem 2011; 421:526-33. [PMID: 22033291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
By modifying polymer compositions and cross-linking reagents, we have developed a simple yet effective manufacturing strategy for copolymerized three-dimensional gel element arrays. A new gel-forming monomer, 2-(hydroxyethyl) methacrylamide (HEMAA), was used. HEMAA possesses low volatility and improves the stability of copolymerized gel element arrays to on-chip thermal cycling procedures relative to previously used monomers. Probe immobilization efficiency within the new polymer was 55%, equivalent to that obtained with acrylamide (AA) and methacrylamide (MA) monomers. Nonspecific binding of single-stranded targets was equivalent for all monomers. Increasing cross-linker chain length improved hybridization kinetics and end-point signal intensities relative to N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (Bis). The new copolymer formulation was successfully applied to a model orthopox array. Because HEMAA greatly simplifies gel element array manufacture, we expect it (in combination with new cross-linkers described here) to find widespread application in microarray science.
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46
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Daims H, Wagner M. In situ techniques and digital image analysis methods for quantifying spatial localization patterns of nitrifiers and other microorganisms in biofilm and flocs. Methods Enzymol 2011; 496:185-215. [PMID: 21514465 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386489-5.00008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The spatial localization patterns of microorganisms in multispecies biofilms reflect numerous phenomena that influence sessile microbial life, such as substrate concentration gradients within the biofilm and biological interactions with other biofilm populations. Quantitative and population-specific in situ analyses of spatial patterns have a high potential to provide novel insights into the biology of biofilm organisms, including yet uncultured microbes, but such approaches have been developed and used in a few studies only. Here, we outline digital image analysis methods to quantify the coaggregation, mutual avoidance, or random distribution of microbial populations in biofilm and flocs. A protocol is provided for fluorescence in situ hybridization with rRNA-targeted probes, which preserves the three-dimensional biofilm architecture for confocal microscopy and image analysis, and the combined use of these approaches is demonstrated by spatial analyses of nitrifying bacteria in complex biofilm samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Daims
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Ecology Center, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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47
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Rendl M, Bönisch A, Mader A, Schuh K, Prucker O, Brandstetter T, Rühe J. Simple one-step process for immobilization of biomolecules on polymer substrates based on surface-attached polymer networks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:6116-23. [PMID: 21491877 DOI: 10.1021/la1050833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
For the miniaturization of biological assays, especially for the fabrication of microarrays, immobilization of biomolecules at the surfaces of the chips is the decisive factor. Accordingly, a variety of binding techniques have been developed over the years to immobilize DNA or proteins onto such substrates. Most of them require rather complex fabrication processes and sophisticated surface chemistry. Here, a comparatively simple immobilization technique is presented, which is based on the local generation of small spots of surface attached polymer networks. Immobilization is achieved in a one-step procedure: probe molecules are mixed with a photoactive copolymer in aqueous buffer, spotted onto a solid support, and cross-linked as well as bound to the substrate during brief flood exposure to UV light. The described procedure permits spatially confined surface functionalization and allows reliable binding of biological species to conventional substrates such as glass microscope slides as well as various types of plastic substrates with comparable performance. The latter also permits immobilization on structured, thermoformed substrates resulting in an all-plastic biochip platform, which is simple and cheap and seems to be promising for a variety of microdiagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rendl
- Chemistry and Physics of Interfaces, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
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48
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Lewis CL, Choi CH, Lin Y, Lee CS, Yi H. Fabrication of uniform DNA-conjugated hydrogel microparticles via replica molding for facile nucleic acid hybridization assays. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5851-8. [PMID: 20527819 DOI: 10.1021/ac101032r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We identify and investigate several critical parameters in the fabrication of single-stranded DNA conjugated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) microparticles based on replica molding (RM) for highly uniform and robust nucleic acid hybridization assays. The effects of PEG-diacrylate, probe DNA, and photoinitiator concentrations on the overall fluorescence and target DNA penetration depth upon hybridization are examined. Fluorescence and confocal microscopy results illustrate high conjugation capacity of the probe and target DNA, femtomole sensitivity, and sequence specificity. Combined, these findings demonstrate a significant step toward simple, robust, and scalable procedures to manufacture highly uniform and high-capacity hybridization assay particles in a well-controlled manner by exploiting many advantages that the batch processing-based RM technique offers. We envision that the results presented here may be readily applied to rapid and high-throughput hybridization assays for a wide variety of applications in bioprocess monitoring, food safety, and biological threat detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Lewis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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49
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Venkatesh S, Wower J, Byrne ME. Nucleic acid therapeutic carriers with on-demand triggered release. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1773-82. [PMID: 19670897 DOI: 10.1021/bc900187b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biohybrid platforms such as synthetic polymer networks engineered from artificial and natural materials hold immense potential as drug and gene delivery vehicles. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of novel polymer networks that release oligonucleotide sequences via enzymatic and physical triggers. Chemical monomers and acrylated oligonucleotides were copolymerized into networks, and phosphoimaging revealed that 70% of the oligonucleotides were incorporated into the networks. We observed that the immobilized oligonucleotides were readily cleaved when the networks were incubated with the type II restriction enzyme BamHI. The diffusion of the cleaved fragments through the macromolecular chains resulted in relatively constant release profiles very close to zero-order. To our knowledge, this is the first study which harnesses the sequence-specificity of restriction endonucleases as triggering agents for the cleavage and release of oligonucleotide sequences from a synthetic polymer network. The polymer networks exhibited an oligonucleotide diffusion coefficient of 5.6 x 10(-8) cm(2)/s and a diffusional exponent of 0.92. Sigmoidal temperature responsive characteristics of the networks matched the theoretical melting temperature of the oligonucleotides and indicated a cooperative melting transition of the oligonucleotides. The networks were also triggered to release a RNA-cleaving deoxyribozyme, which degraded a HIV-1 mRNA transcript in vitro. To tailor release profiles of the oligonucleotides, we controlled the structure of the macromolecular architecture of the networks by varying their cross-linking content. When incubated with DNase I, networks of cross-linking content 0.15%, 0.22%, and 0.45% exhibited oligonucleotide diffusion coefficients of 1.67 x 10(-8), 7.65 x 10(-9), and 2.7 x 10(-9) cm(2)/s, and diffusional exponents of 0.55, 0.8, and 0.8, respectively. The modular nature of our platform promises to open new avenues for the creation and optimization of a rich toolbox of novel drug and gene delivery platforms. We anticipate further inquiry into nucleic acid based programmable on-demand switches and modulatory devices of exquisite sensitivity and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddarth Venkatesh
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
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Yu Y, Feng C, Caminade AM, Majoral JP, Knoll W. The detection of DNA hybridization on phosphorus dendrimer multilayer films by surface plasmon field enhanced-fluorescence spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:13680-13684. [PMID: 19711957 DOI: 10.1021/la901988r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimer multilayers on gold substrates prepared via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique were characterized and used as substrates for DNA immobilization/hybridization. The multilayers, built using alternately polycationic and polyanionic phosphorus dendrimers of generation 4, were studied by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. By varying the concentration of NaCl, the optimized optical thickness of a single dendrimer layer (about 4.5 nm) was achieved. Using the multilayers as the substrate, a high loading of DNA probes was obtained through covalent coupling of probe DNA on dendrimer multilayer film. The following hybridization of Cy5-dye labeled complementary target DNA with immobilized probe DNA was detected by surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS). The limit of detection of target DNA upon hybridization reached 50 pM and 30 pM on 1 bilayer and 4 bilayers, respectively. The phosphorus dendrimer multilayer films display high stability during repeated regeneration and hybridization cycles. The sensitive platforms based on dendrimer multilayers deposited in the presence of NaCl make them attractive candidates for application in DNA sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Yu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D55128, Mainz, Germany
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