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Edalat SG, Gerber R, Houtman M, Lückgen J, Teixeira RL, Palacios Cisneros MDP, Pfanner T, Kuret T, Ižanc N, Micheroli R, Polido-Pereira J, Saraiva F, Lingam S, Burki K, Burja B, Pauli C, Rotar Ž, Tomšič M, Čučnik S, Fonseca JE, Distler O, Calado Â, Romão VC, Ospelt C, Sodin-Semrl S, Robinson MD, Frank Bertoncelj M. Molecular maps of synovial cells in inflammatory arthritis using an optimized synovial tissue dissociation protocol. iScience 2024; 27:109707. [PMID: 38832018 PMCID: PMC11144743 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we optimized the dissociation of synovial tissue biopsies for single-cell omics studies and created a single-cell atlas of human synovium in inflammatory arthritis. The optimized protocol allowed consistent isolation of highly viable cells from tiny fresh synovial biopsies, minimizing the synovial biopsy drop-out rate. The synovium scRNA-seq atlas contained over 100,000 unsorted synovial cells from 25 synovial tissues affected by inflammatory arthritis, including 16 structural, 11 lymphoid, and 15 myeloid cell clusters. This synovial cell map expanded the diversity of synovial cell types/states, detected synovial neutrophils, and broadened synovial endothelial cell classification. We revealed tissue-resident macrophage subsets with proposed matrix-sensing (FOLR2+COLEC12high) and iron-recycling (LYVE1+SLC40A1+) activities and identified fibroblast subsets with proposed functions in cartilage breakdown (SOD2highSAA1+SAA2+SDC4+) and extracellular matrix remodeling (SERPINE1+COL5A3+LOXL2+). Our study offers an efficient synovium dissociation method and a reference scRNA-seq resource, that advances the current understanding of synovial cell heterogeneity in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam G. Edalat
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Reto Gerber
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and SIB, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miranda Houtman
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Rui Lourenço Teixeira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Tadeja Kuret
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nadja Ižanc
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Raphael Micheroli
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Joaquim Polido-Pereira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernando Saraiva
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Swathi Lingam
- Team PTA, BioMed X Institute, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Burki
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Blaž Burja
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Žiga Rotar
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matija Tomšič
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saša Čučnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ângelo Calado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vasco C. Romão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular (iMM) João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Caroline Ospelt
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Snežna Sodin-Semrl
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Mark D. Robinson
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and SIB, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mojca Frank Bertoncelj
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and SIB, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Díaz-Tejedor A, Rodríguez-Ubreva J, Ciudad L, Lorenzo-Mohamed M, González-Rodríguez M, Castellanos B, Sotolongo-Ravelo J, San-Segundo L, Corchete LA, González-Méndez L, Martín-Sánchez M, Mateos MV, Ocio EM, Garayoa M, Paíno T. Tinostamustine (EDO-S101), an Alkylating Deacetylase Inhibitor, Enhances the Efficacy of Daratumumab in Multiple Myeloma by Upregulation of CD38 and NKG2D Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4718. [PMID: 38731936 PMCID: PMC11083018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells in bone marrow and the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin. A hallmark of cancer is the evasion of immune surveillance. Histone deacetylase inhibitors have been shown to promote the expression of silenced molecules and hold potential to increase the anti-MM efficacy of immunotherapy. The aim of the present work was to assess the potential effect of tinostamustine (EDO-S101), a first-in-class alkylating deacetylase inhibitor, in combination with daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (mAb), through different preclinical studies. Tinostamustine increases CD38 expression in myeloma cell lines, an effect that occurs in parallel with an increment in CD38 histone H3 acetylation levels. Also, the expression of MICA and MICB, ligands for the NK cell activating receptor NKG2D, augments after tinostamustine treatment in myeloma cell lines and primary myeloma cells. Pretreatment of myeloma cell lines with tinostamustine increased the sensitivity of these cells to daratumumab through its different cytotoxic mechanisms, and the combination of these two drugs showed a higher anti-myeloma effect than individual treatments in ex vivo cultures of myeloma patients' samples. In vivo data confirmed that tinostamustine pretreatment followed by daratumumab administration significantly delayed tumor growth and improved the survival of mice compared to individual treatments. In summary, our results suggest that tinostamustine could be a potential candidate to improve the efficacy of anti-CD38 mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Díaz-Tejedor
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez-Ubreva
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Ciudad
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.C.)
| | - Mauro Lorenzo-Mohamed
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta González-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Bárbara Castellanos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Janet Sotolongo-Ravelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura San-Segundo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis A. Corchete
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00233), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena González-Méndez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Montserrat Martín-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María-Victoria Mateos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00233), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Enrique M. Ocio
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain;
| | - Mercedes Garayoa
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Teresa Paíno
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC), Universidad de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.D.-T.); (M.L.-M.); (M.G.-R.); (B.C.); (J.S.-R.); (L.S.-S.); (L.A.C.); (L.G.-M.); (M.M.-S.); (M.-V.M.); (M.G.)
- Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC, CB16/12/00233), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Wood MK, Daoud A, Talor MV, Kalinoski HM, Hughes DM, Jaime CM, Hooper JE, Won T, Čiháková D. Programmed Death Ligand 1-Expressing Macrophages and Their Protective Role in the Joint During Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:553-565. [PMID: 37997621 DOI: 10.1002/art.42749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arthritis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies highlights the importance of immune checkpoint expression for joint homeostasis. We investigated the role of programmed death ligand (PD-L) 1 in the synovium using a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. METHODS We blocked PD-L1 using blocking antibodies during CIA and assessed the arthritis severity by clinical and histologic scoring. PD-L1 expression and the origin of synovial macrophages were investigated using flow cytometry and parabiosis. We used Cre-Lox mice to ascertain the protective role of PD-L1-expressing macrophages in arthritis. The immune profile of human and murine synovial PD-L1+ macrophages was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and single-cell RNA sequencing. RESULTS Anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment during CIA worsened arthritis with increased immune cell infiltration compared with isotype control, supporting the regulatory role of PD-L1 in the joint. The main cells expressing PD-L1 in the synovium were macrophages. Using parabiosis, we showed that synovial PD-L1+ macrophages were both locally proliferating and partially replaced by the circulation. PD-L1+ macrophages had increased levels of MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (MerTK) and interleukin (IL)-10 expression during acute CIA. Genetic depletion of PD-L1 on macrophages in LyzcrePD-L1fl/fl mice resulted in worsened CIA compared with controls. We found that human PD-L1+ macrophages in the synovium of healthy individuals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis express MerTK and IL-10. CONCLUSION PD-L1+ macrophages with efferocytotic and anti-inflammatory characteristics protect the synovium from severe arthritis in the CIA mouse model. Tissue-protective, PD-L1-expressing macrophages are also present in the human synovium at homeostasis and during rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Kay Wood
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Abdel Daoud
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | - David Matthew Hughes
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Camille Marie Jaime
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jody Elizabeth Hooper
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Taejoon Won
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Daniela Čiháková
- Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Caldwell BA, Li L. Epigenetic regulation of innate immune dynamics during inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:589-606. [PMID: 38301269 PMCID: PMC10980576 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells play essential roles in modulating both immune defense and inflammation by expressing a diverse array of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, phagocytizing pathogens to promote immune clearance, and assisting with the adaptive immune processes through antigen presentation. Rudimentary innate immune "memory" states such as training, tolerance, and exhaustion develop based on the nature, strength, and duration of immune challenge, thereby enabling dynamic transcriptional reprogramming to alter present and future cell behavior. Underlying transcriptional reprogramming are broad changes to the epigenome, or chromatin alterations above the level of DNA sequence. These changes include direct modification of DNA through cytosine methylation as well as indirect modifications through alterations to histones that comprise the protein core of nucleosomes. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of how these epigenetic changes influence the dynamic behavior of the innate immune system during both acute and chronic inflammation, as well as how stable changes to the epigenome result in long-term alterations of innate cell behavior related to pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A. Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington St. SW, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington St. SW, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA
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Caldwell BA, Wu Y, Wang J, Li L. Altered DNA methylation underlies monocyte dysregulation and immune exhaustion memory in sepsis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113894. [PMID: 38442017 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocytes can develop an exhausted memory state characterized by reduced differentiation, pathogenic inflammation, and immune suppression that drives immune dysregulation during sepsis. Chromatin alterations, notably via histone modifications, underlie innate immune memory, but the contribution of DNA methylation remains poorly understood. Using an ex vivo sepsis model, we show altered DNA methylation throughout the genome of exhausted monocytes, including genes implicated in immune dysregulation during sepsis and COVID-19 infection (e.g., Plac8). These changes are recapitulated in septic mice induced by cecal slurry injection. Methylation profiles developed in septic mice are maintained during ex vivo culture, supporting the involvement of DNA methylation in stable monocyte exhaustion memory. Methylome reprogramming is driven in part by Wnt signaling inhibition in exhausted monocytes and can be reversed with DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, Wnt agonists, or immune training molecules. Our study demonstrates the significance of altered DNA methylation in the maintenance of stable monocyte exhaustion memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA
| | - Yajun Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0910, USA.
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López-Navarro B, Simón-Fuentes M, Ríos I, Schiaffino MT, Sanchez A, Torres-Torresano M, Nieto-Valle A, Castrejón I, Puig-Kröger A. Macrophage re-programming by JAK inhibitors relies on MAFB. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:152. [PMID: 38528207 PMCID: PMC10963568 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05196-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Monocyte-derived macrophages play a key pathogenic role in inflammatory diseases. In the case of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the presence of specific synovial tissue-infiltrating macrophage subsets is associated with either active disease or inflammation resolution. JAK inhibitors (JAKi) are the first targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (tsDMARD) approved for treatment of RA with comparable efficacy to biologics. However, the effects of JAKi on macrophage specification and differentiation are currently unknown. We have analyzed the transcriptional and functional effects of JAKi on human peripheral blood monocyte subsets from RA patients and on the differentiation of monocyte-derived macrophages promoted by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a factor that drives the development and pathogenesis of RA. We now report that JAKi Upadacitinib restores the balance of peripheral blood monocyte subsets in RA patients and skewed macrophages towards the acquisition of an anti-inflammatory transcriptional and functional profile in a dose-dependent manner. Upadacitinib-treated macrophages showed a strong positive enrichment of the genes that define synovial macrophages associated to homeostasis/inflammation resolution. Specifically, Upadacitinib-treated macrophages exhibited significantly elevated expression of MAFB and MAFB-regulated genes, elevated inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3β, and higher phagocytic activity and showed an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile upon activation by pathogenic stimuli. These outcomes were also shared by macrophages exposed to other JAKi (baricitinib, tofacitinib), but not in the presence of the TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib. As a whole, our results indicate that JAKi promote macrophage re-programming towards the acquisition of a more anti-inflammatory/pro-resolution profile, an effect that correlates with the ability of JAKi to enhance MAFB expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baltasar López-Navarro
- Unidad de Inmunometabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Israel Ríos
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Schiaffino
- Unidad de Inmunometabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Unidad de Inmunometabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Torres-Torresano
- Unidad de Inmunometabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Nieto-Valle
- Unidad de Microscopía Confocal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Castrejón
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaya Puig-Kröger
- Unidad de Inmunometabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Jia Q, Che Q, Zhang X, Chen J, Ren C, Wu Y, Liang W, Zhang X, Li Y, Li Z, Zhang Z, Shu Q. Knockdown of Galectin-9 alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through suppressing TNF-α-induced activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115994. [PMID: 38141929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The role of Galectin-9 (Gal-9) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of Gal-9 in RA. We detected Gal-9 expression in clinical samples, explored the mechanism of function of Gal-9 by knockdown and overexpression in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), and further verified it in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. We found that the levels of Gal-9 were considerably elevated in RA synovium than in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. A substantial decrease of Gal-9 was demonstrated after tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) inhibitor treatment in the plasma of patients with RA. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing revealed that Gal-9 was involved in the regulation of the TNF-α pathway. Gal-9 was considerably upregulated after TNF-α stimulation in FLSs, and knockdown of Gal-9 substantially inhibited TNF-α activated proliferation, migration and inflammatory response. According to cell transcriptome sequencing results, we further confirmed that Gal-9 could achieve these effects by interacting with MAFB and affecting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Finally, we knocked down Gal-9 on the CIA model and found that it could alleviate the progression of arthritis. In conclusion, our study revealed that the knockdown of Gal-9 could inhibited TNF-α induced activation in RA through MAFB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jia
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China; Department of Rheumatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Linyi, China
| | - Qincheng Che
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Jinan, China
| | - Chunfeng Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jining NO.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yunpeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiqiang Liang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Jinan, China
| | - Yanshan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China; Department of Rheumatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Linyi, China
| | - Zunzhong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China; Department of Rheumatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Linyi, China
| | - Zhenchun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China; Department of Rheumatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Linyi, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Rheumatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Jinan, China.
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8
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Zhao X, Hu C, Chen X, Ren S, Gao F. Drug Repositioning of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Based on Co-Target Gene Expression Signature of Glucocorticoid Receptor and TET2. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:82. [PMID: 38392301 PMCID: PMC10886832 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2), respectively, play a crucial role in regulating immunity and inflammation, and GR interacts with TET2. However, their synergetic roles in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the co-target gene signatures of GR and TET2 in IBD and provide potential therapeutic interventions for IBD. By integrating public data, we identified 179 GR- and TET2-targeted differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CD and 401 in UC. These genes were found to be closely associated with immunometabolism, inflammatory responses, and cell stress pathways. In vitro inflammatory cellular models were constructed using LPS-treated HT29 and HCT116 cells, respectively. Drug repositioning based on the co-target gene signatures of GR and TET2 derived from transcriptomic data of UC, CD, and the in vitro model was performed using the Connectivity Map (CMap). BMS-536924 emerged as a top therapeutic candidate, and its validation experiment within the in vitro inflammatory model confirmed its efficacy in mitigating the LPS-induced inflammatory response. This study sheds light on the pathogenesis of IBD from a new perspective and may accelerate the development of novel therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases including IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Zhao
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Henan University, Henan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Chenghao Hu
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shuqiang Ren
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
- HIM-BGI Omics Center, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hangzhou 310022, China
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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9
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Maity J, Majumder S, Pal R, Saha B, Mukhopadhyay PK. Ascorbic acid modulates immune responses through Jumonji-C domain containing histone demethylases and Ten eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenase. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300035. [PMID: 37694689 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid is a redox regulator in many physiological processes. Besides its antioxidant activity, many intriguing functions of ascorbic acid in the expression of immunoregulatory genes have been suggested. Ascorbic acid acts as a co-factor for the Fe+2 -containing α-ketoglutarate-dependent Jumonji-C domain-containing histone demethylases (JHDM) and Ten eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenasemediated epigenetic modulation. By influencing JHDM and TET, ascorbic acid facilitates the differentiation of double negative (CD4- CD8- ) T cells to double positive (CD4+ CD8+ ) T cells and of T-helper cells to different effector subsets. Ascorbic acid modulates plasma cell differentiation and promotes early differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to NK cells. These findings indicate that ascorbic acid plays a significant role in regulating both innate and adaptive immune cells, opening up new research areas in Immunonutrition. Being a water-soluble vitamin and a safe micro-nutrient, ascorbic acid can be used as an adjunct therapy for many disorders of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeet Maity
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ranjana Pal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
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10
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Fadel L, Dacic M, Fonda V, Sokolsky BA, Quagliarini F, Rogatsky I, Uhlenhaut NH. Modulating glucocorticoid receptor actions in physiology and pathology: Insights from coregulators. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108531. [PMID: 37717739 PMCID: PMC10841922 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones that regulate key physiological processes such as metabolism, immune function, and stress responses. The effects of GCs are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor that activates or represses the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes in a tissue- and physiological state-specific manner. The activity of GR is modulated by numerous coregulator proteins that interact with GR in response to different stimuli assembling into a multitude of DNA-protein complexes and facilitate the integration of these signals, helping GR to communicate with basal transcriptional machinery and chromatin. Here, we provide a brief overview of the physiological and molecular functions of GR, and discuss the roles of GR coregulators in the immune system, key metabolic tissues and the central nervous system. We also present an analysis of the GR interactome in different cells and tissues, which suggests tissue-specific utilization of GR coregulators, despite widespread functions shared by some of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Fadel
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology IDE, Helmholtz Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 857649 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marija Dacic
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vlera Fonda
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology IDE, Helmholtz Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 857649 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Baila A Sokolsky
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fabiana Quagliarini
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology IDE, Helmholtz Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 857649 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Inez Rogatsky
- Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, The David Rosenzweig Genomics Center, New York, NY, USA; Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
| | - N Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Institute for Diabetes and Endocrinology IDE, Helmholtz Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 857649 Neuherberg, Germany; Metabolic Programming, TUM School of Life Sciences & ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Gregor11 Mendel-Str. 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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11
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang C, Wang X. TET (Ten-eleven translocation) family proteins: structure, biological functions and applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:297. [PMID: 37563110 PMCID: PMC10415333 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family proteins (TETs), specifically, TET1, TET2 and TET3, can modify DNA by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) iteratively to yield 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxycytosine (5caC), and then two of these intermediates (5fC and 5caC) can be excised and return to unmethylated cytosines by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG)-mediated base excision repair. Because DNA methylation and demethylation play an important role in numerous biological processes, including zygote formation, embryogenesis, spatial learning and immune homeostasis, the regulation of TETs functions is complicated, and dysregulation of their functions is implicated in many diseases such as myeloid malignancies. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that TET2 is able to catalyze the hydroxymethylation of RNA to perform post-transcriptional regulation. Notably, catalytic-independent functions of TETs in certain biological contexts have been identified, further highlighting their multifunctional roles. Interestingly, by reactivating the expression of selected target genes, accumulated evidences support the potential therapeutic use of TETs-based DNA methylation editing tools in disorders associated with epigenetic silencing. In this review, we summarize recent key findings in TETs functions, activity regulators at various levels, technological advances in the detection of 5hmC, the main TETs oxidative product, and TETs emerging applications in epigenetic editing. Furthermore, we discuss existing challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chaofu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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12
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de la Aleja AG, Herrero C, Torres-Torresano M, Schiaffino MT, Del Castillo A, Alonso B, Vega MA, Puig-Kröger A, Castrillo A, Corbí ÁL. Inhibition of LXR controls the polarization of human inflammatory macrophages through upregulation of MAFB. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:96. [PMID: 36930354 PMCID: PMC10020776 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte-derived macrophages contribute to pathogenesis in inflammatory diseases and their effector functions greatly depend on the prevailing extracellular milieu. Whereas M-CSF primes macrophages for acquisition of an anti-inflammatory profile, GM-CSF drives the generation of T cell-stimulatory and pro-inflammatory macrophages. Liver X Receptors (LXRα and LXRβ) are nuclear receptors that control cholesterol metabolism and regulate differentiation of tissue-resident macrophages. Macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory pathologies exhibit an enriched LXR pathway, and recent reports have shown that LXR activation raises pro-inflammatory effects and impairs the acquisition of the anti-Inflammatory profile of M-CSF-dependent monocyte-derived macrophages (M-MØ). We now report that LXR inhibition prompts the acquisition of an anti-inflammatory gene and functional profile of macrophages generated within a pathological environment (synovial fluid from Rheumatoid Arthritis patients) as well as during the GM-CSF-dependent differentiation of human monocyte-derived macrophages (GM-MØ). Mechanistically, inhibition of LXR results in macrophages with higher expression of the v-Maf Avian Musculoaponeurotic Fibrosarcoma Oncogene Homolog B (MAFB) transcription factor, which governs the macrophage anti-inflammatory profile, as well as over-expression of MAFB-regulated genes. Indeed, gene silencing experiments on human macrophages evidenced that MAFB is required for the LXR inhibitor to enhance the anti-inflammatory nature of human macrophages. As a whole, our results demonstrate that LXR inhibition prompts the acquisition of an anti-inflammatory transcriptional and functional profile of human macrophages in a MAFB-dependent manner, and propose the use of LXR antagonists as potential therapeutic alternatives in macrophage re-programming strategies during inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo González de la Aleja
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Herrero
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Torres-Torresano
- Unidad de Inmuno-Metabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Schiaffino
- Unidad de Inmuno-Metabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Del Castillo
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bárbara Alonso
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Vega
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaya Puig-Kröger
- Unidad de Inmuno-Metabolismo e Inflamación, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Grupo de Investigación Medio Ambiente y Salud, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Instituto Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM), Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Myeloid Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Perna-Barrull D, Gomez-Muñoz L, Rodriguez-Fernandez S, Gieras A, Ampudia-Carrasco RM, Almenara-Fuentes L, Risueño RM, Querol S, Tolosa E, Vives-Pi M. Impact of Betamethasone Pretreatment on Engrafment of Cord Blood-Derived Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2023; 71:1. [PMID: 36528821 PMCID: PMC9760591 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-022-00666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is crucial to cure hematologic malignancies. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a source of stem cells, but 90% of UCB units are discarded due to low cellularity. Improving the engraftment capacities of CD34+ stem cells would allow the use of UCB that were so far rejected. Betamethasone induces long-term transcriptomic and epigenomic changes in immune cells through glucocorticoid receptor. We hypothesize that discarded UCB could be used owing to improvements induced by betamethasone. Isolated CD34+ HSC from UCB were exposed to the synthetic glucocorticoids betamethasone and fluticasone for 20 h, and cell phenotype was determined before transplantation. NSG mice were sub-lethally irradiated (1 Gy or 2 Gy) 6 h before intravenously transferring 2-5 × 105 CD34+ HSC. The peripheral blood engraftment levels and the leukocyte subsets were followed up for 20 weeks using flow cytometry. At end point, the engraftment and leukocyte subsets were determined in the spleen and bone marrow. We demonstrated that betamethasone has surprising effects in recovering immune system homeostasis. Betamethasone and fluticasone increase CXCR4 and decrease HLA class II and CD54 expression in CD34+ HSCs. Both glucocorticoids-exposed cells showed a similar engraftment in 2 Gy-irradiated NSG mice. Interestingly, betamethasone-exposed cells showed enhanced engraftment in 1 Gy-irradiated NSG mice, with a trend to increase regulatory T cell percentage when compared to control. Betamethasone induces alterations in CD34+ HSCs and improve the engraftment, leading to a faster immune system recovery, which will contribute to engrafted cells survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Perna-Barrull
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Immunology Department, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Laia Gomez-Muñoz
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Immunology Department, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodriguez-Fernandez
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Immunology Department, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Anna Gieras
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rosa M. Ampudia-Carrasco
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Immunology Department, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Ruth M. Risueño
- grid.429289.cJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus IGTP-ICO, Badalona, Spain
| | - Sergi Querol
- grid.438280.5Cell Therapy Services and Cord Blood Bank, Catalan Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Tolosa
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Department of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marta Vives-Pi
- grid.7080.f0000 0001 2296 0625Immunology Department, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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14
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Morante-Palacios O, Godoy-Tena G, Calafell-Segura J, Ciudad L, Martínez-Cáceres EM, Sardina JL, Ballestar E. Vitamin C enhances NF-κB-driven epigenomic reprogramming and boosts the immunogenic properties of dendritic cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:10981-10994. [PMID: 36305821 PMCID: PMC9638940 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells, are necessary for effective activation of naïve T cells. DCs’ immunological properties are modulated in response to various stimuli. Active DNA demethylation is crucial for DC differentiation and function. Vitamin C, a known cofactor of ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, drives active demethylation. Vitamin C has recently emerged as a promising adjuvant for several types of cancer; however, its effects on human immune cells are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the epigenomic and transcriptomic reprogramming orchestrated by vitamin C in monocyte-derived DC differentiation and maturation. Vitamin C triggers extensive demethylation at NF-κB/p65 binding sites, together with concordant upregulation of antigen-presentation and immune response-related genes during DC maturation. p65 interacts with TET2 and mediates the aforementioned vitamin C-mediated changes, as demonstrated by pharmacological inhibition. Moreover, vitamin C increases TNFβ production in DCs through NF-κB, in concordance with the upregulation of its coding gene and the demethylation of adjacent CpGs. Finally, vitamin C enhances DC’s ability to stimulate the proliferation of autologous antigen-specific T cells. We propose that vitamin C could potentially improve monocyte-derived DC-based cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Morante-Palacios
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Godoy-Tena
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Calafell-Segura
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ciudad
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva M Martínez-Cáceres
- Division of Immunology, Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital, LCMN, Germans Trias iPujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, Immunology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Sardina
- Epigenetic Control of Haematopoiesis Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), 08916, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban Ballestar
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +34 935572800; Fax: +34 934651472;
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15
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Designing Studies for Epigenetic Biomarker Development in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. RHEUMATOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022; 3:103-110. [PMID: 36788968 PMCID: PMC9895872 DOI: 10.2478/rir-2022-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
In just a few years, the number of epigenetic studies in autoimmune rheumatic and inflammatory diseases has greatly increased. This is in part due to the need of identifying additional determinants to genetics to explain the pathogenesis and development of these disorders. In this regard, epigenetics provides potential mechanisms that determine gene function, are linked to environmental factors, and could explain a wide range of phenotypic variability among patients with these diseases. Despite the high interest and number of studies describing epigenetic alterations under these conditions and exploring their relationship to various clinical aspects, few of the proposed biomarkers have yet reached clinical practice. The potential of epigenetic markers is high, as these alterations link measurable features with a number of biological traits. In the present article, we present published studies in the field, discuss some frequent limitations in the existing research, and propose a number of considerations that should be taken into account by those starting new projects in the field, with an aim to generate biomarkers that could make it into the clinics.
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Comprehensive analysis of different tumor cell-line produced soluble mediators on the differentiation and functional properties of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274056. [PMID: 36194602 PMCID: PMC9531813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing dendritic cells (DCs) from monocytes is a sensitively regulated process. One possible way for cancers to avoid immune recognition and antitumor response is the modulation of DC differentiation. Although several studies are available on the examination of tumor-associated macrophages, a comprehensive analysis focusing on the effects of tumor-formed DCs is not known to date. We provide a comparative analysis of the tumor-edited-monocyte derived DCs differentiated in the presence of adenocarcinomas (MDA, HT29, HeLa)- and primary (WM278, WM983A) or metastatic (WM1617, WM983B) melanomas. The immunomodulatory effect of tumors is mediated at least partly by secreted mediators. We investigated the impact of tumor cell-derived conditioned media on the differentiation of DCs from CD14+ monocytes, sequentially determining the phenotype, cytokine production, phagocytic, and the T cell polarizing capacity of moDCs. We completed our observations by analyzing our data with bioinformatic tools to provide objective correlations between phenotypical and functional properties of different tumor-educated moDCs. The correlation analysis revealed significant differences in the characteristics of adenocarcinomas- or melanomas-edited moDCs. We highlight the functional differences in the properties of moDCs differentiated in the presence of various cancer cell lines. We offer new information and options for the in vitro differentiation protocols of various tumor-conditioned moDCs. Our results confirm that various immunomodulatory properties of different tumor cell lines result in multiple manipulations of DC differentiation.
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Estupiñán-Moreno E, Ortiz-Fernández L, Li T, Hernández-Rodríguez J, Ciudad L, Andrés-León E, Terron-Camero LC, Prieto-González S, Espígol-Frigolé G, Cid MC, Márquez A, Ballestar E, Martín J. Methylome and transcriptome profiling of giant cell arteritis monocytes reveals novel pathways involved in disease pathogenesis and molecular response to glucocorticoids. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:1290-1300. [PMID: 35705375 PMCID: PMC9380516 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-222156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a complex systemic vasculitis mediated by the interplay between both genetic and epigenetic factors. Monocytes are crucial players of the inflammation occurring in GCA. Therefore, characterisation of the monocyte methylome and transcriptome in GCA would be helpful to better understand disease pathogenesis. METHODS We performed an integrated epigenome-and transcriptome-wide association study in CD14+ monocytes from 82 patients with GCA, cross-sectionally classified into three different clinical statuses (active, in remission with or without glucocorticoid (GC) treatment), and 31 healthy controls. RESULTS We identified a global methylation and gene expression dysregulation in GCA monocytes. Specifically, monocytes from active patients showed a more proinflammatory phenotype compared with healthy controls and patients in remission. In addition to inflammatory pathways known to be involved in active GCA, such as response to IL-6 and IL-1, we identified response to IL-11 as a new pathway potentially implicated in GCA. Furthermore, monocytes from patients in remission with treatment showed downregulation of genes involved in inflammatory processes as well as overexpression of GC receptor-target genes. Finally, we identified changes in DNA methylation correlating with alterations in expression levels of genes with a potential role in GCA pathogenesis, such as ITGA7 and CD63, as well as genes mediating the molecular response to GC, including FKBP5, ETS2, ZBTB16 and ADAMTS2. CONCLUSION Our results revealed profound alterations in the methylation and transcriptomic profiles of monocytes from GCA patients, uncovering novel genes and pathways involved in GCA pathogenesis and in the molecular response to GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elkyn Estupiñán-Moreno
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Lourdes Ortiz-Fernández
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Tianlu Li
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Hernández-Rodríguez
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ciudad
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Andrés-León
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Carmen Terron-Camero
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Prieto-González
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgina Espígol-Frigolé
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Cinta Cid
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Márquez
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
- Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Clinico San Cecilio, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Esteban Ballestar
- Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group, Josep Carreras Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Martín
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Dissecting TET2 Regulatory Networks in Blood Differentiation and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030830. [PMID: 35159097 PMCID: PMC8834528 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone marrow disorders such as leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes are characterized by abnormal healthy blood cells production and function. Uncontrolled growth and impaired differentiation of white blood cells hinder the correct development of healthy cells in the bone marrow. One of the most frequent alterations that appear to initiate this deregulation and persist in leukemia patients are mutations in epigenetic regulators such as TET2. This review summarizes the latest molecular findings regarding TET2 functions in hematopoietic cells and their potential implications in blood cancer origin and evolution. Our goal was to encompass and interlink up-to-date discoveries of the convoluted TET2 functional network to provide a more precise overview of the leukemic burden of this protein. Abstract Cytosine methylation (5mC) of CpG is the major epigenetic modification of mammalian DNA, playing essential roles during development and cancer. Although DNA methylation is generally associated with transcriptional repression, its role in gene regulation during cell fate decisions remains poorly understood. DNA demethylation can be either passive or active when initiated by TET dioxygenases. During active demethylation, transcription factors (TFs) recruit TET enzymes (TET1, 2, and 3) to specific gene regulatory regions to first catalyze the oxidation of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and subsequently to higher oxidized cytosine derivatives. Only TET2 is frequently mutated in the hematopoietic system from the three TET family members. These mutations initially lead to the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) compartment expansion, eventually evolving to give rise to a wide range of blood malignancies. This review focuses on recent advances in characterizing the main TET2-mediated molecular mechanisms that activate aberrant transcriptional programs in blood cancer onset and development. In addition, we discuss some of the key outstanding questions in the field.
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