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Costa GCA, Silva FAA, Torquato RJS, Silva Vaz I, Parizi LF, Tanaka AS. Evaluation of the biological function of ribosomal protein S18 from cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2024; 15:102333. [PMID: 38522220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, also known as the cattle tick, causes severe parasitism and transmits different pathogens to vertebrate hosts, leading to massive economic losses. In the present study, we performed a functional characterization of a ribosomal protein from R. microplus to investigate its importance in blood feeding, egg production and viability. Ribosomal protein S18 (RPS18) is part of the 40S subunit, associated with 18S rRNA, and has been previously pointed to have a secondary role in different organisms. Rhipicephalus microplus RPS18 (RmRPS18) gene expression levels were modulated in female salivary glands during blood feeding. Moreover, mRNA levels in this tissue were 10 times higher than those in the midgut of fully engorged female ticks. Additionally, recombinant RmRPS18 was recognized by IgG antibodies from sera of cattle naturally or experimentally infested with ticks. RNAi-mediated knockdown of the RmRPS18 gene was performed in fully engorged females, leading to a significant (29 %) decrease in egg production. Additionally, egg hatching was completely impaired, suggesting that no viable eggs were produced by the RmRPS18-silenced group. Furthermore, antimicrobial assays revealed inhibitory activities against gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, affecting bacterial growth. Data presented here show the important role of RmRPS18 in tick physiology and suggest that RmRPS18 can be a potential target for the development of novel strategies for tick control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel C A Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade de Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando A A Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade de Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J S Torquato
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade de Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Itabajara Silva Vaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), RJ, Brazil
| | - Luís F Parizi
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil
| | - Aparecida S Tanaka
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade de Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), RJ, Brazil.
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Wang B, Song N, Tang C, Ma J, Wang N, Sun Y, Kang Z. PsRPs26, a 40S Ribosomal Protein Subunit, Regulates the Growth and Pathogenicity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:968. [PMID: 31134016 PMCID: PMC6523408 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic ribosomes are essential for proliferation, differentiation, and cell growth. RPs26 is a ribosomal subunit structural protein involved in the growth and development process. Little is known about the function of PsRPs26 in pathogenic fungi. In this study, we isolated the RPs26 gene, PsRPs26, from Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). PsRPs26 contains a eukaryotic-specific Y62-K70 motif and is more than 90% identical with its ortholog gene in other fungi. PsRPs26 was found to be localized in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Expression of PsRPs26 increased when wheat seedlings were inoculated with the Pst CYR31 isolate. Moreover, knockdown of PsRPs26 by a host-induced gene silencing system inhibited growth and limited urediospore production in Pst. Our discovery that PsRPs26 may contribute to the pathogenicity of Pst and open a new way in the pathogenic function of PsRPs26 in cereal rust fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Na Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunlei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jinbiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanfei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Ribosomal Protein Rps26 Influences 80S Ribosome Assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. mSphere 2016; 1:mSphere00109-15. [PMID: 27303706 PMCID: PMC4863615 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00109-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rps26 is an essential protein of the eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit. Previous experiments demonstrated an interaction between the eukaryote-specific Y62–K70 segment of Rps26 and the 5′ untranslated region of mRNA. The data suggested a specific role of the Y62–K70 motif during translation initiation. Here, we report that single-site substitutions within the Y62–K70 peptide did not affect the growth of engineered yeast strains, arguing against its having a critical role during translation initiation via specific interactions with the 5′ untranslated region of mRNA molecules. Only the simultaneous replacement of five conserved residues within the Y62–K70 fragment or the replacement of the yeast protein with the human homolog resulted in growth defects and caused significant changes in polysome profiles. The results expand our knowledge of ribosomal protein function and suggest a role of Rps26 during ribosome assembly in yeast. The eukaryotic ribosome consists of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. Rps26 is one of the essential ribosomal proteins of the 40S subunit and is encoded by two almost identical genes, RPS26a and RPS26b. Previous studies demonstrated that Rps26 interacts with the 5′ untranslated region of mRNA via the eukaryote-specific 62-YXXPKXYXK-70 (Y62–K70) motif. Those observations suggested that this peptide within Rps26 might play an important and specific role during translation initiation. By using alanine-scanning mutagenesis and engineered strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we found that single amino acid substitutions within the Y62–K70 motif of Rps26 did not affect the in vivo function of the protein. In contrast, complete deletion of the Y62–K70 segment was lethal. The simultaneous replacement of five conserved residues within the Y62–K70 segment by alanines resulted in growth defects under stress conditions and produced distinct changes in polysome profiles that were indicative of the accumulation of free 60S subunits. Human Rps26 (Rps26-Hs), which displays significant homology with yeast Rps26, supported the growth of an S. cerevisiae Δrps26a Δrps26b strain. However, the Δrps26a Δrps26b double deletion strain expressing Rps26-Hs displayed substantial growth defects and an altered ratio of 40S/60S ribosomal subunits. The combined data strongly suggest that the eukaryote-specific motif within Rps26 does not play a specific role in translation initiation. Rather, the data indicate that Rps26 as a whole is necessary for proper assembly of the 40S subunit and the 80S ribosome in yeast. IMPORTANCE Rps26 is an essential protein of the eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit. Previous experiments demonstrated an interaction between the eukaryote-specific Y62–K70 segment of Rps26 and the 5′ untranslated region of mRNA. The data suggested a specific role of the Y62–K70 motif during translation initiation. Here, we report that single-site substitutions within the Y62–K70 peptide did not affect the growth of engineered yeast strains, arguing against its having a critical role during translation initiation via specific interactions with the 5′ untranslated region of mRNA molecules. Only the simultaneous replacement of five conserved residues within the Y62–K70 fragment or the replacement of the yeast protein with the human homolog resulted in growth defects and caused significant changes in polysome profiles. The results expand our knowledge of ribosomal protein function and suggest a role of Rps26 during ribosome assembly in yeast.
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Matelska D, Purta E, Panek S, Boniecki MJ, Bujnicki JM, Dunin-Horkawicz S. S6:S18 ribosomal protein complex interacts with a structural motif present in its own mRNA. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 19:1341-8. [PMID: 23980204 PMCID: PMC3854524 DOI: 10.1261/rna.038794.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Prokaryotic ribosomal protein genes are typically grouped within highly conserved operons. In many cases, one or more of the encoded proteins not only bind to a specific site in the ribosomal RNA, but also to a motif localized within their own mRNA, and thereby regulate expression of the operon. In this study, we computationally predicted an RNA motif present in many bacterial phyla within the 5' untranslated region of operons encoding ribosomal proteins S6 and S18. We demonstrated that the S6:S18 complex binds to this motif, which we hereafter refer to as the S6:S18 complex-binding motif (S6S18CBM). This motif is a conserved CCG sequence presented in a bulge flanked by a stem and a hairpin structure. A similar structure containing a CCG trinucleotide forms the S6:S18 complex binding site in 16S ribosomal RNA. We have constructed a 3D structural model of a S6:S18 complex with S6S18CBM, which suggests that the CCG trinucleotide in a specific structural context may be specifically recognized by the S18 protein. This prediction was supported by site-directed mutagenesis of both RNA and protein components. These results provide a molecular basis for understanding protein-RNA recognition and suggest that the S6S18CBM is involved in an auto-regulatory mechanism.
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MESH Headings
- 5' Untranslated Regions/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/chemistry
- Bacterial Proteins/genetics
- Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
- Base Pairing
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Operon/genetics
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Bacterial/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/chemistry
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism
- Ribosomal Protein S6/chemistry
- Ribosomal Protein S6/genetics
- Ribosomal Protein S6/metabolism
- Ribosomal Proteins/chemistry
- Ribosomal Proteins/genetics
- Ribosomal Proteins/metabolism
- Ribosomes/chemistry
- Ribosomes/genetics
- Ribosomes/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Thermus thermophilus/genetics
- Thermus thermophilus/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Matelska
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, 02-109, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Purta
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, 02-109, Poland
| | - Sylwia Panek
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, 02-109, Poland
| | - Michal J. Boniecki
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, 02-109, Poland
| | - Janusz M. Bujnicki
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, 02-109, Poland
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, 61-614, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Dunin-Horkawicz
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Protein Engineering, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, 02-109, Poland
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Korobeinikova AV, Garber MB, Gongadze GM. Ribosomal proteins: structure, function, and evolution. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:562-74. [PMID: 22817455 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912060028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The question concerning reasons for the variety of ribosomal proteins that arose for more than 40 years ago is still open. Ribosomes of modern organisms contain 50-80 individual proteins. Some are characteristic for all domains of life (universal ribosomal proteins), whereas others are specific for bacteria, archaea, or eucaryotes. Extensive information about ribosomal proteins has been obtained since that time. However, the role of the majority of ribosomal proteins in the formation and functioning of the ribosome is still not so clear. Based on recent data of experiments and bioinformatics, this review presents a comprehensive evaluation of structural conservatism of ribosomal proteins from evolutionarily distant organisms. Considering the current knowledge about features of the structural organization of the universal proteins and their intermolecular contacts, a possible role of individual proteins and their structural elements in the formation and functioning of ribosomes is discussed. The structural and functional conservatism of the majority of proteins of this group suggests that they should be present in the ribosome already in the early stages of its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Korobeinikova
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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Sharifulin D, Khairulina Y, Ivanov A, Meschaninova M, Ven'yaminova A, Graifer D, Karpova G. A central fragment of ribosomal protein S26 containing the eukaryote-specific motif YxxPKxYxK is a key component of the ribosomal binding site of mRNA region 5' of the E site codon. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 40:3056-65. [PMID: 22167470 PMCID: PMC3326325 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic ribosomal protein S26e (rpS26e) lacking eubacterial counterparts is a key component of the ribosomal binding site of mRNA region 5′ of the codon positioned at the exit site. Here, we determined the rpS26e oligopeptide neighboring mRNA on the human 80S ribosome using mRNA analogues bearing perfluorophenyl azide-derivatized nucleotides at designed locations. The protein was cross-linked to mRNA analogues in specific ribosomal complexes, in which the derivatized nucleotide was located at positions −3 to −9. Digestion of cross-linked rpS26e with various specific proteolytic agents followed by identification of the resulting modified oligopeptides made it possible to map the cross-links to fragment 60–71. This fragment contains the motif YxxPKxYxK conserved in eukaryotic but not in archaeal rpS26e. Analysis of X-ray structure of the Tetrahymena thermophila 40S subunit showed that this motif is not implicated in the intraribosomal interactions, implying its involvement in translation process in a eukaryote-specific manner. Comparison of the results obtained with data on positioning of ribosomal ligands on the 40S subunit lead us to suggest that this motif is involved in interaction with both the 5′-untranslated region of mRNA and the initiation factor eIF3 specific for eukaryotes, providing new insights into molecular mechanisms of translation in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Sharifulin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Ilin AA, Malygin AA, Karpova GG. Ribosomal protein S18e as a putative molecular staple for the 18S rRNA 3′-major domain core. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:505-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Malygin AA, Karpova GG. Site-specific cleavage of the 40S ribosomal subunit reveals eukaryote-specific ribosomal protein S28 in the subunit head. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:4396-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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