1
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Giambruno R, Zacco E, Ugolini C, Vandelli A, Mulroney L, D’Onghia M, Giuliani B, Criscuolo E, Castelli M, Clementi N, Clementi M, Mancini N, Bonaldi T, Gustincich S, Leonardi T, Tartaglia GG, Nicassio F. Unveiling the role of PUS7-mediated pseudouridylation in host protein interactions specific for the SARS-CoV-2 RNA genome. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 34:102052. [PMID: 38028201 PMCID: PMC10630655 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a positive single-stranded RNA virus, engages in complex interactions with host cell proteins throughout its life cycle. While these interactions enable the host to recognize and inhibit viral replication, they also facilitate essential viral processes such as transcription, translation, and replication. Many aspects of these virus-host interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we employed the catRAPID algorithm and utilized the RNA-protein interaction detection coupled with mass spectrometry technology to predict and validate the host proteins that specifically bind to the highly structured 5' and 3' terminal regions of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Among the interactions identified, we prioritized pseudouridine synthase PUS7, which binds to both ends of the viral RNA. Using nanopore direct RNA sequencing, we discovered that the viral RNA undergoes extensive post-transcriptional modifications. Modified consensus regions for PUS7 were identified at both terminal regions of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA, including one in the viral transcription regulatory sequence leader. Collectively, our findings offer insights into host protein interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 UTRs and highlight the likely significance of pseudouridine synthases and other post-transcriptional modifications in the viral life cycle. This new knowledge enhances our understanding of virus-host dynamics and could inform the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Giambruno
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Elsa Zacco
- Central RNA and RNA Systems Biology Labs, Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Camilla Ugolini
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Vandelli
- Central RNA and RNA Systems Biology Labs, Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16152 Genova, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Logan Mulroney
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, RM 00015, Italy
| | - Manfredi D’Onghia
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Bianca Giuliani
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Criscuolo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Castelli
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Clementi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Clementi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicasio Mancini
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Virology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milano, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Central RNA and RNA Systems Biology Labs, Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Tommaso Leonardi
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Central RNA and RNA Systems Biology Labs, Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 16152 Genova, Italy
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Nicassio
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 20139 Milano, Italy
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2
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Tao S, Hou Y, Diao L, Hu Y, Xu W, Xie S, Xiao Z. Long noncoding RNA study: Genome-wide approaches. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2491-2510. [PMID: 37554208 PMCID: PMC10404890 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to play a crucial role in various biological processes across several species. Though many efforts have been devoted to the expansion of the lncRNAs landscape, much about lncRNAs is still unknown due to their great complexity. The development of high-throughput technologies and the constantly improved bioinformatic methods have resulted in a rapid expansion of lncRNA research and relevant databases. In this review, we introduced genome-wide research of lncRNAs in three parts: (i) novel lncRNA identification by high-throughput sequencing and computational pipelines; (ii) functional characterization of lncRNAs by expression atlas profiling, genome-scale screening, and the research of cancer-related lncRNAs; (iii) mechanism research by large-scale experimental technologies and computational analysis. Besides, primary experimental methods and bioinformatic pipelines related to these three parts are summarized. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive and systemic overview of lncRNA genome-wide research strategies and indicate a genome-wide lncRNA research system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Tao
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Yarui Hou
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Liting Diao
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Wanyi Xu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Shujuan Xie
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
- Institute of Vaccine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Zhendong Xiao
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
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3
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Zelenka T, Papamatheakis DA, Tzerpos P, Panagopoulos G, Tsolis KC, Papadakis VM, Mariatos Metaxas D, Papadogkonas G, Mores E, Kapsetaki M, Papamatheakis J, Stanek D, Spilianakis C. A novel SATB1 protein isoform with different biophysical properties. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1242481. [PMID: 37635874 PMCID: PMC10457122 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1242481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-thymic T cell development is coordinated by the regulatory actions of SATB1 genome organizer. In this report, we show that SATB1 is involved in the regulation of transcription and splicing, both of which displayed deregulation in Satb1 knockout murine thymocytes. More importantly, we characterized a novel SATB1 protein isoform and described its distinct biophysical behavior, implicating potential functional differences compared to the commonly studied isoform. SATB1 utilized its prion-like domains to transition through liquid-like states to aggregated structures. This behavior was dependent on protein concentration as well as phosphorylation and interaction with nuclear RNA. Notably, the long SATB1 isoform was more prone to aggregate following phase separation. Thus, the tight regulation of SATB1 isoforms expression levels alongside with protein post-translational modifications, are imperative for SATB1's mode of action in T cell development. Our data indicate that deregulation of these processes may also be linked to disorders such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Zelenka
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dionysios-Alexandros Papamatheakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Petros Tzerpos
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Konstantinos C. Tsolis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Vassilis M. Papadakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - George Papadogkonas
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Mores
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Manouela Kapsetaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Joseph Papamatheakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - David Stanek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Charalampos Spilianakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology—Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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4
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Zacco E, Kantelberg O, Milanetti E, Armaos A, Panei FP, Gregory J, Jeacock K, Clarke DJ, Chandran S, Ruocco G, Gustincich S, Horrocks MH, Pastore A, Tartaglia GG. Probing TDP-43 condensation using an in silico designed aptamer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3306. [PMID: 35739092 PMCID: PMC9226187 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30944-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are artificial oligonucleotides binding to specific molecular targets. They have a promising role in therapeutics and diagnostics but are often difficult to design. Here, we exploited the catRAPID algorithm to generate aptamers targeting TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), whose aggregation is associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. On the pathway to forming insoluble inclusions, TDP-43 adopts a heterogeneous population of assemblies, many smaller than the diffraction-limit of light. We demonstrated that our aptamers bind TDP-43 and used the tightest interactor, Apt-1, as a probe to visualize TDP-43 condensates with super-resolution microscopy. At a resolution of 10 nanometers, we tracked TDP-43 oligomers undetectable by standard approaches. In cells, Apt-1 interacts with both diffuse and condensed forms of TDP-43, indicating that Apt-1 can be exploited to follow TDP-43 phase transition. The de novo generation of aptamers and their use for microscopy opens a new page to study protein condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Zacco
- Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Enrico Melen, 83, 16152, Genova, Italy
| | - Owen Kantelberg
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Enrico Melen, 83, 16152, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Panei
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Jenna Gregory
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little F, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kiani Jeacock
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - David J Clarke
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh bioQuarter, Chancellor's Building, 49 Little F, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Euan MacDonald Centre for MND Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Enrico Melen, 83, 16152, Genova, Italy
| | - Mathew H Horrocks
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Annalisa Pastore
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the Maurice Wohl Institute of King's College London, London, SE5 9RT, UK.
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Enrico Melen, 83, 16152, Genova, Italy.
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy.
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5
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Vandelli A, Vocino G, Tartaglia GG. Phase Separation Drives SARS-CoV-2 Replication: A Hypothesis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:893067. [PMID: 35647024 PMCID: PMC9132231 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.893067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying human proteins that interact with SARS-CoV-2 genome is important to understand its replication and to identify therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have unveiled protein interactions of SARS-COV-2 in different cell lines and through a number of high-throughput approaches. Here, we carried out a comparative analysis of four experimental and one computational studies to characterize the interactions of SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA. Although hundreds of interactors have been identified, only twenty-one appear in all the experiments and show a strong propensity to bind. This set of interactors includes stress granule forming proteins, pre-mRNA regulators and elements involved in the replication process. Our calculations indicate that DDX3X and several editases bind the 5′ end of SARS-CoV-2, a regulatory region previously reported to attract a large number of proteins. The small overlap among experimental datasets suggests that SARS-CoV-2 genome establishes stable interactions only with few interactors, while many proteins bind less tightly. In analogy to what has been previously reported for Xist non-coding RNA, we propose a mechanism of phase separation through which SARS-CoV-2 progressively sequesters human proteins hijacking the host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vandelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Vocino
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
- Department of Biology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Gian Gaetano Tartaglia,
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6
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Ren ZH, Yu CQ, Li LP, You ZH, Guan YJ, Li YC, Pan J. SAWRPI: A Stacking Ensemble Framework With Adaptive Weight for Predicting ncRNA-Protein Interactions Using Sequence Information. Front Genet 2022; 13:839540. [PMID: 35360836 PMCID: PMC8963817 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.839540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) take essential effects on biological processes, like gene regulation. One critical way of ncRNA executing biological functions is interactions between ncRNA and RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Identifying proteins, involving ncRNA-protein interactions, can well understand the function ncRNA. Many high-throughput experiment have been applied to recognize the interactions. As a consequence of these approaches are time- and labor-consuming, currently, a great number of computational methods have been developed to improve and advance the ncRNA-protein interactions research. However, these methods may be not available to all RNAs and proteins, particularly processing new RNAs and proteins. Additionally, most of them cannot process well with long sequence. In this work, a computational method SAWRPI is proposed to make prediction of ncRNA-protein through sequence information. More specifically, the raw features of protein and ncRNA are firstly extracted through the k-mer sparse matrix with SVD reduction and learning nucleic acid symbols by natural language processing with local fusion strategy, respectively. Then, to classify easily, Hilbert Transformation is exploited to transform raw feature data to the new feature space. Finally, stacking ensemble strategy is adopted to learn high-level abstraction features automatically and generate final prediction results. To confirm the robustness and stability, three different datasets containing two kinds of interactions are utilized. In comparison with state-of-the-art methods and other results classifying or feature extracting strategies, SAWRPI achieved high performance on three datasets, containing two kinds of lncRNA-protein interactions. Upon our finding, SAWRPI is a trustworthy, robust, yet simple and can be used as a beneficial supplement to the task of predicting ncRNA-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hao Ren
- School of Information Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chang-Qing Yu
- School of Information Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Ping Li, ; Chang-Qing Yu,
| | - Li-Ping Li
- School of Information Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Ping Li, ; Chang-Qing Yu,
| | - Zhu-Hong You
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yong-Jian Guan
- School of Information Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue-Chao Li
- School of Information Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Information Engineering, Xijing University, Xi’an, China
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7
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Cava C, Armaos A, Lang B, Tartaglia GG, Castiglioni I. Identification of long non-coding RNAs and RNA binding proteins in breast cancer subtypes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:693. [PMID: 35027621 PMCID: PMC8758778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease classified into four main subtypes with different clinical outcomes, such as patient survival, prognosis, and relapse. Current genetic tests for the differential diagnosis of BC subtypes showed a poor reproducibility. Therefore, an early and correct diagnosis of molecular subtypes is one of the challenges in the clinic. In the present study, we identified differentially expressed genes, long non-coding RNAs and RNA binding proteins for each BC subtype from a public dataset applying bioinformatics algorithms. In addition, we investigated their interactions and we proposed interacting biomarkers as potential signature specific for each BC subtype. We found a network of only 2 RBPs (RBM20 and PCDH20) and 2 genes (HOXB3 and RASSF7) for luminal A, a network of 21 RBPs and 53 genes for luminal B, a HER2-specific network of 14 RBPs and 30 genes, and a network of 54 RBPs and 302 genes for basal BC. We validated the signature considering their expression levels on an independent dataset evaluating their ability to classify the different molecular subtypes with a machine learning approach. Overall, we achieved good performances of classification with an accuracy >0.80. In addition, we found some interesting novel prognostic biomarkers such as RASSF7 for luminal A, DCTPP1 for luminal B, DHRS11, KLC3, NAGS, and TMEM98 for HER2, and ABHD14A and ADSSL1 for basal. The findings could provide preliminary evidence to identify putative new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for individual breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cava
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Via F.Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate-Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,RNA System Biology Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - Benjamin Lang
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Structural Biology and Center for Data Driven Discovery (C3D), St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Gian G Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,RNA System Biology Lab, Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano Di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy.,Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Castiglioni
- Department of Physics "Giuseppe Occhialini", University of Milan-Bicocca Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1 - 20126, Milan, Italy
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8
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Xiang Y, Zhou C, Zeng Y, Guo Q, Huang J, Wu T, Liu J, Liang Q, Zeng H, Liang X. NAT10-Mediated N4-Acetylcytidine of RNA Contributes to Post-transcriptional Regulation of Mouse Oocyte Maturation in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:704341. [PMID: 34395433 PMCID: PMC8363255 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.704341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), a newly identified epigenetic modification within mRNA, has been characterized as a crucial regulator of mRNA stability and translation efficiency. However, the role of ac4C during oocyte maturation, the process mainly controlled via post-transcriptional mechanisms, has not been explored. N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) is the only known enzyme responsible for ac4C production in mammals and ac4C-binding proteins have not been reported yet. In this study, we have documented decreasing trends of both ac4C and NAT10 expression from immature to mature mouse oocytes. With NAT10 knockdown mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in germinal vesicle (GV)-stage oocytes, ac4C modification was reduced and meiotic maturation in vitro was significantly retarded. Specifically, the rate of first polar body extrusion was significantly decreased with NAT10 knockdown (34.6%) compared to control oocytes without transfection (74.6%) and oocytes transfected with negative control siRNA (72.6%) (p < 0.001), while rates of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) were not significantly different (p = 0.6531). RNA immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing using HEK293T cells revealed that the modulated genes were enriched in biological processes associated with nucleosome assembly, chromatin silencing, chromatin modification and cytoskeletal anchoring. In addition, we identified TBL3 as a potential ac4C-binding protein by a bioinformatics algorithm and RNA pulldown with HEK293T cells, which may mediate downstream cellular activities. Taken together, our results suggest that NAT10-mediated ac4C modification is an important regulatory factor during oocyte maturation in vitro and TBL3 is a potential ac4C-binding protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanchuan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiana Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taibao Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiqi Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Armaos A, Colantoni A, Proietti G, Rupert J, Tartaglia G. catRAPID omics v2.0: going deeper and wider in the prediction of protein-RNA interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:W72-W79. [PMID: 34086933 PMCID: PMC8262727 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediction of protein-RNA interactions is important to understand post-transcriptional events taking place in the cell. Here we introduce catRAPID omics v2.0, an update of our web server dedicated to the computation of protein-RNA interaction propensities at the transcriptome- and RNA-binding proteome-level in 8 model organisms. The server accepts multiple input protein or RNA sequences and computes their catRAPID interaction scores on updated precompiled libraries. Additionally, it is now possible to predict the interactions between a custom protein set and a custom RNA set. Considerable effort has been put into the generation of a new database of RNA-binding motifs that are searched within the predicted RNA targets of proteins. In this update, the sequence fragmentation scheme of the catRAPID fragment module has been included, which allows the server to handle long linear RNAs and to analyse circular RNAs. For the top-scoring protein-RNA pairs, the web server shows the predicted binding sites in both protein and RNA sequences and reports whether the predicted interactions are conserved in orthologous protein-RNA pairs. The catRAPID omics v2.0 web server is a powerful tool for the characterization and classification of RNA-protein interactions and is freely available at http://service.tartaglialab.com/page/catrapid_omics2_group along with documentation and tutorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Armaos
- Center for Human Technology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genoa 16152, Italy
| | - Alessio Colantoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Gabriele Proietti
- Center for Human Technology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genoa 16152, Italy
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, University of Genova, Genoa 16126, Italy
| | - Jakob Rupert
- Center for Human Technology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genoa 16152, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Center for Human Technology, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genoa 16152, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome 00161, Italy
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10
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Zooming in on protein-RNA interactions: a multi-level workflow to identify interaction partners. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1529-1543. [PMID: 32820806 PMCID: PMC7458403 DOI: 10.1042/bst20191059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between proteins and RNA are at the base of numerous cellular regulatory and functional phenomena. The investigation of the biological relevance of non-coding RNAs has led to the identification of numerous novel RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). However, defining the RNA sequences and structures that are selectively recognised by an RBP remains challenging, since these interactions can be transient and highly dynamic, and may be mediated by unstructured regions in the protein, as in the case of many non-canonical RBPs. Numerous experimental and computational methodologies have been developed to predict, identify and verify the binding between a given RBP and potential RNA partners, but navigating across the vast ocean of data can be frustrating and misleading. In this mini-review, we propose a workflow for the identification of the RNA binding partners of putative, newly identified RBPs. The large pool of potential binders selected by in-cell experiments can be enriched by in silico tools such as catRAPID, which is able to predict the RNA sequences more likely to interact with specific RBP regions with high accuracy. The RNA candidates with the highest potential can then be analysed in vitro to determine the binding strength and to precisely identify the binding sites. The results thus obtained can furthermore validate the computational predictions, offering an all-round solution to the issue of finding the most likely RNA binding partners for a newly identified potential RBP.
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11
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Monti M, Guiducci G, Paone A, Rinaldo S, Giardina G, Liberati FR, Cutruzzolá F, Tartaglia GG. Modelling of SHMT1 riboregulation predicts dynamic changes of serine and glycine levels across cellular compartments. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:3034-3041. [PMID: 34136101 PMCID: PMC8175283 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) regulates the serine-glycine one carbon metabolism and plays a role in cancer metabolic reprogramming. Two SHMT isozymes are acting in the cell: SHMT1 encoding the cytoplasmic isozyme, and SHMT2 encoding the mitochondrial one. Here we present a molecular model built on experimental data reporting the interaction between SHMT1 protein and SHMT2 mRNA, recently discovered in lung cancer cells. Using a stochastic dynamic model, we show that RNA moieties dynamically regulate serine and glycine concentration, shaping the system behaviour. For the first time we observe an active functional role of the RNA in the regulation of the serine-glycine metabolism and availability, which unravels a complex layer of regulation that cancer cells exploit to fine tune amino acids availability according to their metabolic needs. The quantitative model, complemented by an experimental validation in the lung adenocarcinoma cell line H1299, exploits RNA molecules as metabolic switches of the SHMT1 activity. Our results pave the way for the development of RNA-based molecules able to unbalance serine metabolism in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Monti
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- RNA System Biology Lab, Centre for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Giulia Guiducci
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A.Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P-le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Paone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A.Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P-le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Rinaldo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A.Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P-le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giardina
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A.Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P-le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Liberati
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A.Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P-le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Cutruzzolá
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A.Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, P-le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- RNA System Biology Lab, Centre for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genova, Italy
- ICREA, Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, P-le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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12
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Armaos A, Zacco E, Sanchez de Groot N, Tartaglia GG. RNA-protein interactions: Central players in coordination of regulatory networks. Bioessays 2020; 43:e2000118. [PMID: 33284474 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the abundance of protein and RNA molecules can impair the formation of complexes in the cell leading to toxicity and death. Here we exploit the information contained in protein, RNA and DNA interaction networks to provide a comprehensive view of the regulation layers controlling the concentration-dependent formation of assemblies in the cell. We present the emerging concept that RNAs can act as scaffolds to promote the formation ribonucleoprotein complexes and coordinate the post-transcriptional layer of gene regulation. We describe the structural and interaction network properties that characterize the ability of protein and RNA molecules to interact and phase separate in liquid-like compartments. Finally, we show that presence of structurally disordered regions in proteins correlate with the propensity to undergo liquid-to-solid phase transitions and cause human diseases. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/kfpqibsNfS0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Elsa Zacco
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Natalia Sanchez de Groot
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.,Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Vandelli A, Monti M, Milanetti E, Armaos A, Rupert J, Zacco E, Bechara E, Delli Ponti R, Tartaglia GG. Structural analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genome and predictions of the human interactome. Nucleic Acids Res 2020. [PMID: 33068416 DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.28.013789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific elements of viral genomes regulate interactions within host cells. Here, we calculated the secondary structure content of >2000 coronaviruses and computed >100 000 human protein interactions with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genomic regions display different degrees of conservation. SARS-CoV-2 domain encompassing nucleotides 22 500-23 000 is conserved both at the sequence and structural level. The regions upstream and downstream, however, vary significantly. This part of the viral sequence codes for the Spike S protein that interacts with the human receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Thus, variability of Spike S is connected to different levels of viral entry in human cells within the population. Our predictions indicate that the 5' end of SARS-CoV-2 is highly structured and interacts with several human proteins. The binding proteins are involved in viral RNA processing, include double-stranded RNA specific editases and ATP-dependent RNA-helicases and have strong propensity to form stress granules and phase-separated assemblies. We propose that these proteins, also implicated in viral infections such as HIV, are selectively recruited by SARS-CoV-2 genome to alter transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of host cells and to promote viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vandelli
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Biology of Infection Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Michele Monti
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jakob Rupert
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Elsa Zacco
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elias Bechara
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Delli Ponti
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 23 Passeig Lluis Companys, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Vandelli A, Monti M, Milanetti E, Armaos A, Rupert J, Zacco E, Bechara E, Delli Ponti R, Tartaglia G. Structural analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genome and predictions of the human interactome. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:11270-11283. [PMID: 33068416 PMCID: PMC7672441 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific elements of viral genomes regulate interactions within host cells. Here, we calculated the secondary structure content of >2000 coronaviruses and computed >100 000 human protein interactions with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The genomic regions display different degrees of conservation. SARS-CoV-2 domain encompassing nucleotides 22 500-23 000 is conserved both at the sequence and structural level. The regions upstream and downstream, however, vary significantly. This part of the viral sequence codes for the Spike S protein that interacts with the human receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Thus, variability of Spike S is connected to different levels of viral entry in human cells within the population. Our predictions indicate that the 5' end of SARS-CoV-2 is highly structured and interacts with several human proteins. The binding proteins are involved in viral RNA processing, include double-stranded RNA specific editases and ATP-dependent RNA-helicases and have strong propensity to form stress granules and phase-separated assemblies. We propose that these proteins, also implicated in viral infections such as HIV, are selectively recruited by SARS-CoV-2 genome to alter transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of host cells and to promote viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vandelli
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Biology of Infection Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Michele Monti
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jakob Rupert
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Elsa Zacco
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elias Bechara
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Delli Ponti
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Human Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, 16152 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 23 Passeig Lluis Companys, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Abstract
The interaction between polycomb-repressive complexes 1/2 (PRC1/2) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), such as the X inactive specific transcript Xist and the HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), has been the subject of intense debate. While cross-linking, immuno-precipitation and super-resolution microscopy argue against direct interaction of Polycomb with some lncRNAs, there is increasing evidence supporting the ability of both PRC1 and PRC2 to functionally associate with RNA. Recent data indicate that these interactions are in most cases spurious, but nonetheless crucial for a number of cellular activities. In this review, we suggest that while PRC1/2 recruitment by HOTAIR might be direct, in the case of Xist, it might occur indirectly and, at least in part, through the process of liquid-liquid phase separation. We present recent models of lncRNA-mediated PRC1/2 recruitment to their targets and describe potential RNA-mediated roles in the three-dimensional organization of the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cerase
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 23 Passeig Lluis Companys, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
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16
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Lang B, Armaos A, Tartaglia GG. RNAct: Protein-RNA interaction predictions for model organisms with supporting experimental data. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:D601-D606. [PMID: 30445601 PMCID: PMC6324028 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-RNA interactions are implicated in a number of physiological roles as well as diseases, with molecular mechanisms ranging from defects in RNA splicing, localization and translation to the formation of aggregates. Currently, ∼1400 human proteins have experimental evidence of RNA-binding activity. However, only ∼250 of these proteins currently have experimental data on their target RNAs from various sequencing-based methods such as eCLIP. To bridge this gap, we used an established, computationally expensive protein-RNA interaction prediction method, catRAPID, to populate a large database, RNAct. RNAct allows easy lookup of known and predicted interactions and enables global views of the human, mouse and yeast protein-RNA interactomes, expanding them in a genome-wide manner far beyond experimental data (http://rnact.crg.eu).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lang
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Gian G Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 23 Passeig Lluís Companys, Barcelona 08010, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
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17
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Learning distributed representations of RNA and protein sequences and its application for predicting lncRNA-protein interactions. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 18:20-26. [PMID: 31890140 PMCID: PMC6926125 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are ubiquitous in organisms and play crucial role in a variety of biological processes and complex diseases. Emerging evidences suggest that lncRNAs interact with corresponding proteins to perform their regulatory functions. Therefore, identifying interacting lncRNA-protein pairs is the first step in understanding the function and mechanism of lncRNA. Since it is time-consuming and expensive to determine lncRNA-protein interactions by high-throughput experiments, more robust and accurate computational methods need to be developed. In this study, we developed a new sequence distributed representation learning based method for potential lncRNA-Protein Interactions Prediction, named LPI-Pred, which is inspired by the similarity between natural language and biological sequences. More specifically, lncRNA and protein sequences were divided into k-mer segmentation, which can be regard as “word” in natural language processing. Then, we trained out the RNA2vec and Pro2vec model using word2vec and human genome-wide lncRNA and protein sequences to mine distribution representation of RNA and protein. Then, the dimension of complex features is reduced by using feature selection based on Gini information impurity measure. Finally, these discriminative features are used to train a Random Forest classifier to predict lncRNA-protein interactions. Five-fold cross-validation was adopted to evaluate the performance of LPI-Pred on three benchmark datasets, including RPI369, RPI488 and RPI2241. The results demonstrate that LPI-Pred can be a useful tool to provide reliable guidance for biological research.
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18
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Post-transcriptional regulatory patterns revealed by protein-RNA interactions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4302. [PMID: 30867517 PMCID: PMC6416249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40939-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordination of the synthesis of functionally-related proteins can be achieved at the post-transcriptional level by the action of common regulatory molecules, such as RNA–binding proteins (RBPs). Despite advances in the genome-wide identification of RBPs and their binding transcripts, the protein–RNA interaction space is still largely unexplored, thus hindering a broader understanding of the extent of the post-transcriptional regulation of related coding RNAs. Here, we propose a computational approach that combines protein–mRNA interaction networks and statistical analyses to provide an inferred regulatory landscape for more than 800 human RBPs and identify the cellular processes that can be regulated at the post-transcriptional level. We show that 10% of the tested sets of functionally-related mRNAs can be post-transcriptionally regulated. Moreover, we propose a classification of (i) the RBPs and (ii) the functionally-related mRNAs, based on their distinct behaviors in the functional landscape, hinting towards mechanistic regulatory hypotheses. In addition, we demonstrate the usefulness of the inferred functional landscape to investigate the cellular role of both well-characterized and novel RBPs in the context of human diseases.
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19
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Delli Ponti R, Armaos A, Marti S, Tartaglia GG. A Method for RNA Structure Prediction Shows Evidence for Structure in lncRNAs. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:111. [PMID: 30560136 PMCID: PMC6286970 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To compare the secondary structure profiles of RNA molecules we developed the CROSSalign method. CROSSalign is based on the combination of the Computational Recognition Of Secondary Structure (CROSS) algorithm to predict the RNA secondary structure profile at single-nucleotide resolution and the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) method to align profiles of different lengths. We applied CROSSalign to investigate the structural conservation of long non-coding RNAs such as XIST and HOTAIR as well as ssRNA viruses including HIV. CROSSalign performs pair-wise comparisons and is able to find homologs between thousands of matches identifying the exact regions of similarity between profiles of different lengths. In a pool of sequences with the same secondary structure CROSSalign accurately recognizes repeat A of XIST and domain D2 of HOTAIR and outperforms other methods based on covariance modeling. The algorithm is freely available at the webpage http://service.tartaglialab.com//new_submission/crossalign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Delli Ponti
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandros Armaos
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefanie Marti
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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20
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Ribeiro DM, Zanzoni A, Cipriano A, Delli Ponti R, Spinelli L, Ballarino M, Bozzoni I, Tartaglia GG, Brun C. Protein complex scaffolding predicted as a prevalent function of long non-coding RNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:917-928. [PMID: 29165713 PMCID: PMC5778612 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human transcriptome contains thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Characterizing their function is a current challenge. An emerging concept is that lncRNAs serve as protein scaffolds, forming ribonucleoproteins and bringing proteins in proximity. However, only few scaffolding lncRNAs have been characterized and the prevalence of this function is unknown. Here, we propose the first computational approach aimed at predicting scaffolding lncRNAs at large scale. We predicted the largest human lncRNA-protein interaction network to date using the catRAPID omics algorithm. In combination with tissue expression and statistical approaches, we identified 847 lncRNAs (∼5% of the long non-coding transcriptome) predicted to scaffold half of the known protein complexes and network modules. Lastly, we show that the association of certain lncRNAs to disease may involve their scaffolding ability. Overall, our results suggest for the first time that RNA-mediated scaffolding of protein complexes and modules may be a common mechanism in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo M Ribeiro
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, TAGC UMR_S1090, Marseille, France
| | - Andreas Zanzoni
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, TAGC UMR_S1090, Marseille, France
| | - Andrea Cipriano
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Delli Ponti
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lionel Spinelli
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, TAGC UMR_S1090, Marseille, France
| | - Monica Ballarino
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bozzoni
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 23 Passeig Lluıs Companys, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christine Brun
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, TAGC UMR_S1090, Marseille, France
- CNRS, Marseille, France
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Marchese D, de Groot NS, Lorenzo Gotor N, Livi CM, Tartaglia GG. Advances in the characterization of RNA-binding proteins. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2016; 7:793-810. [PMID: 27503141 PMCID: PMC5113702 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
From transcription, to transport, storage, and translation, RNA depends on association with different RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Methods based on next-generation sequencing and protein mass-spectrometry have started to unveil genome-wide interactions of RBPs but many aspects still remain out of sight. How many of the binding sites identified in high-throughput screenings are functional? A number of computational methods have been developed to analyze experimental data and to obtain insights into the specificity of protein-RNA interactions. How can theoretical models be exploited to identify RBPs? In addition to oligomeric complexes, protein and RNA molecules can associate into granular assemblies whose physical properties are still poorly understood. What protein features promote granule formation and what effects do these assemblies have on cell function? Here, we describe the newest in silico, in vitro, and in vivo advances in the field of protein-RNA interactions. We also present the challenges that experimental and computational approaches will have to face in future studies. WIREs RNA 2016, 7:793-810. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1378 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Marchese
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Sanchez de Groot
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nieves Lorenzo Gotor
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Maria Livi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- IFOM Foundation, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian G Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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Molecular Pathophysiology of Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome and Perspectives for Drug Development. THE CEREBELLUM 2016; 15:599-610. [DOI: 10.1007/s12311-016-0800-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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HafezQorani S, Lafzi A, de Bruin RG, van Zonneveld AJ, van der Veer EP, Son YA, Kazan H. Modeling the combined effect of RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs in post-transcriptional regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:e83. [PMID: 26837572 PMCID: PMC4872080 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) function in coordination with each other to control post-transcriptional regulation (PTR). Despite this, the majority of research to date has focused on the regulatory effect of individual RBPs or miRNAs. Here, we mapped both RBP and miRNA binding sites on human 3'UTRs and utilized this collection to better understand PTR. We show that the transcripts that lack competition for HuR binding are destabilized more after HuR depletion. We also confirm this finding for PUM1(2) by measuring genome-wide expression changes following the knockdown of PUM1(2) in HEK293 cells. Next, to find potential cooperative interactions, we identified the pairs of factors whose sites co-localize more often than expected by random chance. Upon examining these results for PUM1(2), we found that transcripts where the sites of PUM1(2) and its interacting miRNA form a stem-loop are more stabilized upon PUM1(2) depletion. Finally, using dinucleotide frequency and counts of regulatory sites as features in a regression model, we achieved an AU-ROC of 0.86 in predicting mRNA half-life in BEAS-2B cells. Altogether, our results suggest that future studies of PTR must consider the combined effects of RBPs and miRNAs, as well as their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber HafezQorani
- Graduate School of Informatics, Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Üniversiteler Mahallesi, Dumlupınar Bulvarı, No:1, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atefeh Lafzi
- Graduate School of Informatics, Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Üniversiteler Mahallesi, Dumlupınar Bulvarı, No:1, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ruben G de Bruin
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Nephrology, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Nephrology, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric P van der Veer
- Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands Department of Nephrology, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yeşim Aydın Son
- Graduate School of Informatics, Department of Health Informatics, Middle East Technical University, Üniversiteler Mahallesi, Dumlupınar Bulvarı, No:1, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hilal Kazan
- Department of Computer Engineering, Antalya International University, Çıplaklı Mahallesi, Farabi Caddesi No:23, 07190 Döşemealtı, Antalya, Turkey
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Abstract
Protein-RNA interactions play important roles in a wide variety of cellular processes, ranging from transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of genes to host defense against pathogens. In this chapter we present the computational approach catRAPID to predict protein-RNA interactions and discuss how it could be used to find trends in ribonucleoprotein networks. We envisage that the combination of computational and experimental approaches will be crucial to unravel the role of coding and noncoding RNAs in protein networks.
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Zhang F, Zhang L, Zhang C. Long noncoding RNAs and tumorigenesis: genetic associations, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:163-75. [PMID: 26586396 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The human genome contains a large number of nonprotein-coding sequences. Recently, new discoveries in the functions of nonprotein-coding sequences have demonstrated that the "Dark Genome" significantly contributes to human diseases, especially with regard to cancer. Of particular interest in this review are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which comprise a class of nonprotein-coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. Accumulating evidence indicates that a large number of lncRNAs exhibit genetic associations with tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Our current understanding of the molecular bases of these lncRNAs that are associated with cancer indicate that they play critical roles in gene transcription, translation, and chromatin modification. Therapeutic strategies based on the targeting of lncRNAs to disrupt their expression or their functions are being developed. In this review, we briefly summarize and discuss the genetic associations and the aberrant expression of lncRNAs in cancer, with a particular focus on studies that have revealed the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis. In addition, we also discuss different therapeutic strategies that involve the targeting of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The first Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiguo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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26
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Yang Y, Wen L, Zhu H. Unveiling the hidden function of long non-coding RNA by identifying its major partner-protein. Cell Biosci 2015; 5:59. [PMID: 26500759 PMCID: PMC4618879 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-015-0050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tens of thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered in eukarya, but their functions are largely unknown. Fortunately, lncRNA-protein interactions may offer details of how lncRNAs play important roles in various biological processes, thus identifying proteins associated with lncRNA is critical. Here we review progress of molecular archetypes that lncRNAs execute as guides, scaffolds, or decoys for protein, focusing on advantages, shortcomings and applications of various conventional and emerging technologies to probe lncRNAs and protein interactions, including protein-centric biochemistry approaches such as nRIP and CLIP, and RNA-centric biochemistry approaches such as ChIRP, CHART and RAP. Overall, this review provides strategies for probing interactions between lncRNAs and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Yang
- Department of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Wen
- Department of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Zhu
- Department of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083 Beijing, China
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27
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Zhu Y, Luo M, Brooks M, Clouthier SG, Wicha MS. Biological and clinical significance of cancer stem cell plasticity. Clin Transl Med 2014; 3:32. [PMID: 26932376 PMCID: PMC4883980 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-014-0032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, the traditional view of cancers as a homogeneous collection of malignant cells is being replaced by a model of ever increasing complexity suggesting that cancers are complex tissues composed of multiple cell types. This complex model of tumorigenesis has been well supported by a growing body of evidence indicating that most cancers including those derived from blood and solid tissues display a hierarchical organization of tumor cells with phenotypic and functional heterogeneity and at the apex of this hierarchy are cells capable of self-renewal. These "tumor imitating cells" or "cancer stem cells" drive tumorigenesis and contribute to metastasis, treatment resistance and tumor relapse. Although tumor stem cells themselves may display both genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, recent studies have demonstrated that cancer stem cells maintain plasticity to transition between mesenchymal-like (EMT) and epithelial-like (MET) states, which may be regulated by the tumor microenvironment. These stem cell state transitions may play a fundamental role in tumor progression and treatment resistance. In this review, we discuss the emerging knowledge regarding the plasticity of cancer stem cells with an emphasis on the signaling pathways and noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulation of this plasticity during tumor growth and metastasis. Lastly, we point out the importance of targeting both the EMT and MET states of CSCs in order to eliminate these lethal seeds of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyou Zhu
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA.
| | - Ming Luo
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA.
| | - Michael Brooks
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA.
| | - Shawn G Clouthier
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA.
| | - Max S Wicha
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA.
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28
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Kasim M, Benko E, Winkelmann A, Mrowka R, Staudacher JJ, Persson PB, Scholz H, Meier JC, Fähling M. Shutdown of achaete-scute homolog-1 expression by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-A2/B1 in hypoxia. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:26973-26988. [PMID: 25124043 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.579391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor hASH1, encoded by the ASCL1 gene, plays an important role in neurogenesis and tumor development. Recent findings indicate that local oxygen tension is a critical determinant for the progression of neuroblastomas. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the oxygen-dependent expression of hASH1 in neuroblastoma cells. Exposure of human neuroblastoma-derived Kelly cells to 1% O2 significantly decreased ASCL1 mRNA and hASH1 protein levels. Using reporter gene assays, we show that the response of hASH1 to hypoxia is mediated mainly by post-transcriptional inhibition via the ASCL1 mRNA 5'- and 3'-UTRs, whereas additional inhibition of the ASCL1 promoter was observed under prolonged hypoxia. By RNA pulldown experiments followed by MALDI/TOF-MS analysis, we identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-A2/B1 and hnRNP-R as interactors binding directly to the ASCL1 mRNA 5'- and 3'-UTRs and influencing its expression. We further demonstrate that hnRNP-A2/B1 is a key positive regulator of ASCL1, findings that were also confirmed by analysis of a large compilation of gene expression data. Our data suggest that a prominent down-regulation of hnRNP-A2/B1 during hypoxia is associated with the post-transcriptional suppression of hASH1 synthesis. This novel post-transcriptional mechanism for regulating hASH1 levels will have important implications in neural cell fate development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Kasim
- Institut für Vegetative Physiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin
| | - Edgar Benko
- Institut für Vegetative Physiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin
| | - Aline Winkelmann
- RNA Editing and Hyperexcitability Disorders Helmholtz Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13125 Berlin, and
| | - Ralf Mrowka
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, AG Experimentelle Nephrologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jonas J Staudacher
- Institut für Vegetative Physiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin
| | - Pontus B Persson
- Institut für Vegetative Physiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin
| | - Holger Scholz
- Institut für Vegetative Physiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin
| | - Jochen C Meier
- RNA Editing and Hyperexcitability Disorders Helmholtz Group, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13125 Berlin, and
| | - Michael Fähling
- Institut für Vegetative Physiologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, D-10117 Berlin,.
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29
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Zagrovic B. Of RNA-binding proteins and their targets: interaction determines expression. Genome Biol 2014; 15:102. [PMID: 24468021 PMCID: PMC4053697 DOI: 10.1186/gb4155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining the prediction of interactions between mRNAs and RNA-binding proteins with experimental expression profiles uncovers novel regulatory paradigms concerning proliferation and differentiation processes. See related research, http://genomebiology.com/2014/15/1/R13
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30
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Cirillo D, Marchese D, Agostini F, Livi CM, Botta-Orfila T, Tartaglia GG. Constitutive patterns of gene expression regulated by RNA-binding proteins. Genome Biol 2014; 15:R13. [PMID: 24401680 PMCID: PMC4054784 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2014-15-1-r13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background RNA-binding proteins regulate a number of cellular processes, including synthesis, folding, translocation, assembly and clearance of RNAs. Recent studies have reported that an unexpectedly large number of proteins are able to interact with RNA, but the partners of many RNA-binding proteins are still uncharacterized. Results We combined prediction of ribonucleoprotein interactions, based on catRAPID calculations, with analysis of protein and RNA expression profiles from human tissues. We found strong interaction propensities for both positively and negatively correlated expression patterns. Our integration of in silico and ex vivo data unraveled two major types of protein–RNA interactions, with positively correlated patterns related to cell cycle control and negatively correlated patterns related to survival, growth and differentiation. To facilitate the investigation of protein–RNA interactions and expression networks, we developed the catRAPID express web server. Conclusions Our analysis sheds light on the role of RNA-binding proteins in regulating proliferation and differentiation processes, and we provide a data exploration tool to aid future experimental studies.
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31
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Nakajima T, Sado T. Current view of the potential roles of proteins enriched on the inactive X chromosome. Genes Genet Syst 2014; 89:151-7. [DOI: 10.1266/ggs.89.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takashi Sado
- Department of Advanced Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University
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32
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Cirillo D, Livi CM, Agostini F, Tartaglia GG. Discovery of protein–RNA networks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 10:1632-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00099d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We review the latest advances and future challenges in experimental and computational investigation of protein–RNA networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cirillo
- Gene Function and Evolution
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Maria Livi
- Gene Function and Evolution
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Agostini
- Gene Function and Evolution
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Gene Function and Evolution
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)
- 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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33
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Lu Q, Ren S, Lu M, Zhang Y, Zhu D, Zhang X, Li T. Computational prediction of associations between long non-coding RNAs and proteins. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:651. [PMID: 24063787 PMCID: PMC3827931 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Though most of the transcripts are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), little is known about their functions. lncRNAs usually function through interactions with proteins, which implies the importance of identifying the binding proteins of lncRNAs in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of lncRNAs. Only a few approaches are available for predicting interactions between lncRNAs and proteins. In this study, we introduce a new method lncPro. Results By encoding RNA and protein sequences into numeric vectors, we used matrix multiplication to score each RNA–protein pair. This score can be used to measure the interactions between an RNA–protein pair. This method effectively discriminates interacting and non-interacting RNA–protein pairs and predicts RNA–protein interactions within a given complex. Applying this method on all human proteins, we found that the long non-coding RNAs we collected tend to interact with nuclear proteins and RNA-binding proteins. Conclusions Compared with the existing approaches, our method shortens the time for training matrix and obtains optimal results based on the model being used. The ability of predicting the associations between lncRNAs and proteins has also been enhanced. Our method provides an idea on how to integrate different information into the prediction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongshi Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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34
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Zanzoni A, Marchese D, Agostini F, Bolognesi B, Cirillo D, Botta-Orfila M, Livi CM, Rodriguez-Mulero S, Tartaglia GG. Principles of self-organization in biological pathways: a hypothesis on the autogenous association of alpha-synuclein. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:9987-98. [PMID: 24003031 PMCID: PMC3905859 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence indicates that a number of proteins are able to interact with cognate mRNAs. These autogenous associations represent important regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression at the translational level. Using the catRAPID approach to predict the propensity of proteins to bind to RNA, we investigated the occurrence of autogenous associations in the human proteome. Our algorithm correctly identified binding sites in well-known cases such as thymidylate synthase, tumor suppressor P53, synaptotagmin-1, serine/ariginine-rich splicing factor 2, heat shock 70 kDa, ribonucleic particle-specific U1A and ribosomal protein S13. In addition, we found that several other proteins are able to bind to their own mRNAs. A large-scale analysis of biological pathways revealed that aggregation-prone and structurally disordered proteins have the highest propensity to interact with cognate RNAs. These findings are substantiated by experimental evidence on amyloidogenic proteins such as TAR DNA-binding protein 43 and fragile X mental retardation protein. Among the amyloidogenic proteins, we predicted that Parkinson’s disease-related α-synuclein is highly prone to interact with cognate transcripts, which suggests the existence of RNA-dependent factors in its function and dysfunction. Indeed, as aggregation is intrinsically concentration dependent, it is possible that autogenous interactions play a crucial role in controlling protein homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zanzoni
- Gene Function and Evolution, Bioinformatics and Genomics, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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35
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Agostini F, Zanzoni A, Klus P, Marchese D, Cirillo D, Tartaglia GG. catRAPID omics: a web server for large-scale prediction of protein-RNA interactions. Bioinformatics 2013; 29:2928-30. [PMID: 23975767 PMCID: PMC3810848 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary: Here we introduce catRAPID omics, a server for large-scale calculations of protein–RNA interactions. Our web server allows (i) predictions at proteomic and transcriptomic level; (ii) use of protein and RNA sequences without size restriction; (iii) analysis of nucleic acid binding regions in proteins; and (iv) detection of RNA motifs involved in protein recognition. Results: We developed a web server to allow fast calculation of ribonucleoprotein associations in Caenorhabditis elegans, Danio rerio, Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Xenopus tropicalis (custom libraries can be also generated). The catRAPID omics was benchmarked on the recently published RNA interactomes of Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 (EZH2), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) and RNA-binding protein FUS (FUS) as well as on the protein interactomes of U1/U2 small nucleolar RNAs, X inactive specific transcript (Xist) repeat A region (RepA) and Crumbs homolog 3 (CRB3) 3′-untranslated region RNAs. Our predictions are highly significant (P < 0.05) and will help the experimentalist to identify candidates for further validation. Availability:catRAPID omics can be freely accessed on the Web at http://s.tartaglialab.com/catrapid/omics. Documentation, tutorial and FAQs are available at http://s.tartaglialab.com/page/catrapid_group. Contact:gian.tartaglia@crg.eu
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Agostini
- Gene Function and Evolution, Bioinformatics and Genomics, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Parisien M, Wang X, Perdrizet G, Lamphear C, Fierke CA, Maheshwari KC, Wilde MJ, Sosnick TR, Pan T. Discovering RNA-protein interactome by using chemical context profiling of the RNA-protein interface. Cell Rep 2013; 3:1703-13. [PMID: 23665222 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-protein (RNP) interactions generally are required for RNA function. At least 5% of human genes code for RNA-binding proteins. Whereas many approaches can identify the RNA partners for a specific protein, finding the protein partners for a specific RNA is difficult. We present a machine-learning method that scores a protein's binding potential for an RNA structure by utilizing the chemical context profiles of the interface from known RNP structures. Our approach is applicable even when only a single RNP structure is available. We examined 801 mammalian proteins and find that 37 (4.6%) potentially bind transfer RNA (tRNA). Most are enzymes involved in cellular processes unrelated to translation and were not known to interact with RNA. We experimentally tested six positive and three negative predictions for tRNA binding in vivo, and all nine predictions were correct. Our computational approach provides a powerful complement to experiments in discovering new RNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Parisien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Cirillo D, Agostini F, Klus P, Marchese D, Rodriguez S, Bolognesi B, Tartaglia GG. Neurodegenerative diseases: quantitative predictions of protein-RNA interactions. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 19:129-140. [PMID: 23264567 PMCID: PMC3543085 DOI: 10.1261/rna.034777.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that RNA plays an active role in a number of neurodegenerative diseases. We recently introduced a theoretical framework, catRAPID, to predict the binding ability of protein and RNA molecules. Here, we use catRAPID to investigate ribonucleoprotein interactions linked to inherited intellectual disability, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Creutzfeuld-Jakob, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. We specifically focus on (1) RNA interactions with fragile X mental retardation protein FMRP; (2) protein sequestration caused by CGG repeats; (3) noncoding transcripts regulated by TAR DNA-binding protein 43 TDP-43; (4) autogenous regulation of TDP-43 and FMRP; (5) iron-mediated expression of amyloid precursor protein APP and α-synuclein; (6) interactions between prions and RNA aptamers. Our results are in striking agreement with experimental evidence and provide new insights in processes associated with neuronal function and misfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cirillo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico Agostini
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Petr Klus
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Domenica Marchese
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodriguez
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benedetta Bolognesi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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