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Li X, Song D, Chen Y, Huang C, Liu A, Wu Q, She X, Li K, Wan K, Yu C, Qiu C, Liu L, Wang G, Xu F, Wang J, Hu J. NSD2 methylates AROS to promote SIRT1 activation and regulates fatty acid metabolism-mediated cancer radiotherapy. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113126. [PMID: 37756162 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism plays a critical role in both tumorigenesis and cancer radiotherapy. However, the regulatory mechanism of fatty acid metabolism has not been fully elucidated. NSD2, a histone methyltransferase that catalyzes di-methylation of histone H3 at lysine 36, has been shown to play an essential role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Here, we show that NSD2 promotes fatty acid oxidation (FAO) by methylating AROS (active regulator of SIRT1) at lysine 27, facilitating the physical interaction between AROS and SIRT1. The mutation of lysine 27 to arginine weakens the interaction between AROS and SIRT1 and impairs AROS-SIRT1-mediated FAO. Additionally, we examine the effect of NSD2 inhibition on radiotherapy efficacy and find an enhanced effectiveness of radiotherapy. Together, our findings identify a NSD2-dependent methylation regulation pattern of the AROS-SIRT1 axis, suggesting that NSD2 inhibition may be a potential adjunct for tumor radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Da Song
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yaqi Chen
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Changsheng Huang
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Anyi Liu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei She
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Kangdi Li
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Kairui Wan
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Chengxin Yu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lang Liu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Wang
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China.
| | - Junbo Hu
- GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China.
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2
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Lu L, Tian Z, Lu J, Jiang M, Chen J, Guo S, Huang Y. LINC00106/RPS19BP1/p53 axis promotes the proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15232. [PMID: 37180577 PMCID: PMC10174055 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is among the most prevalent cancers in males with high biochemical recurrence risk. LINC00106 contributes to the carcinogenesis of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it is unclear how it affects PCa advancement. Here, we studied LINC00106's effects on PCa cells' ability to proliferate, invade, and metastasize. Methods The data of LINC00106 from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) in human PCa tissues were analyzed using TANRIC and survival analysis. In order to determine the expression levels of genes and proteins, we also performed reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. The migration, invasion, colony formation, and proliferation (CCK-8) of PCa cells with LINC00106 knockdown were investigated. The impact of LINC00106 on cell proliferation and invasion was also analyzed in mice. LncRNA prediction software catRAPID omics v2.1 (catRAPID omics v2.0 (tartaglialab.com)) was used to predict proteins that might interact with LINC00106. The interactions were verified via RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays and finally, the interaction between LINC00106 and its target protein and the p53 signaling pathway was studied using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results In PCa, LINC00106 was over-expressed in comparison to normal tissues, and it was linked to an unfavorableprognosis. In vitro and in vivo analyses showed that downregulating LINC00106 decreased PCa cells'ability to proliferate and migrate. A common regulatory axis generated by LINC00106 and RPS19BP1 prevents p53 activity. Conclusion Our experimental data indicate that LINC00106 functions as an oncogene in the onset of PCa, and the LINC00106/RPS19BP1/P53 axis canserve as a novel therapeutic target for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Lu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jicheng Lu
- Oncology Department, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minjun Jiang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianchun Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Knight JRP, Vlahov N, Gay DM, Ridgway RA, Faller WJ, Proud C, Mallucci GR, von der Haar T, Smales CM, Willis AE, Sansom OJ. Rpl24Bst mutation suppresses colorectal cancer by promoting eEF2 phosphorylation via eEF2K. eLife 2021; 10:e69729. [PMID: 34895463 PMCID: PMC8668188 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased protein synthesis supports the rapid cell proliferation associated with cancer. The Rpl24Bst mutant mouse reduces the expression of the ribosomal protein RPL24 and has been used to suppress translation and limit tumorigenesis in multiple mouse models of cancer. Here, we show that Rpl24Bst also suppresses tumorigenesis and proliferation in a model of colorectal cancer (CRC) with two common patient mutations, Apc and Kras. In contrast to previous reports, Rpl24Bst mutation has no effect on ribosomal subunit abundance but suppresses translation elongation through phosphorylation of eEF2, reducing protein synthesis by 40% in tumour cells. Ablating eEF2 phosphorylation in Rpl24Bst mutant mice by inactivating its kinase, eEF2K, completely restores the rates of elongation and protein synthesis. Furthermore, eEF2K activity is required for the Rpl24Bst mutant to suppress tumorigenesis. This work demonstrates that elevation of eEF2 phosphorylation is an effective means to suppress colorectal tumorigenesis with two driver mutations. This positions translation elongation as a therapeutic target in CRC, as well as in other cancers where the Rpl24Bst mutation has a tumour suppressive effect in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- John RP Knight
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Nikola Vlahov
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - David M Gay
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Christopher Proud
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Giovanna R Mallucci
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Tobias von der Haar
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of KentKentUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Anne E Willis
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Owen J Sansom
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
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4
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Byles V, Cormerais Y, Kalafut K, Barrera V, Hughes Hallett JE, Sui SH, Asara JM, Adams CM, Hoxhaj G, Ben-Sahra I, Manning BD. Hepatic mTORC1 signaling activates ATF4 as part of its metabolic response to feeding and insulin. Mol Metab 2021; 53:101309. [PMID: 34303878 PMCID: PMC8368025 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is dynamically regulated by fasting and feeding cycles in the liver to promote protein and lipid synthesis while suppressing autophagy. However, beyond these functions, the metabolic response of the liver to feeding and insulin signaling orchestrated by mTORC1 remains poorly defined. Here, we determine whether ATF4, a stress responsive transcription factor recently found to be independently regulated by mTORC1 signaling in proliferating cells, is responsive to hepatic mTORC1 signaling to alter hepatocyte metabolism. METHODS ATF4 protein levels and expression of canonical gene targets were analyzed in the liver following fasting and physiological feeding in the presence or absence of the mTORC1 inhibitor, rapamycin. Primary hepatocytes from wild-type or liver-specific Atf4 knockout (LAtf4KO) mice were used to characterize the effects of insulin-stimulated mTORC1-ATF4 function on hepatocyte gene expression and metabolism. Both unbiased steady-state metabolomics and stable-isotope tracing methods were employed to define mTORC1 and ATF4-dependent metabolic changes. RNA-sequencing was used to determine global changes in feeding-induced transcripts in the livers of wild-type versus LAtf4KO mice. RESULTS We demonstrate that ATF4 and its metabolic gene targets are stimulated by mTORC1 signaling in the liver, in a hepatocyte-intrinsic manner by insulin in response to feeding. While we demonstrate that de novo purine and pyrimidine synthesis is stimulated by insulin through mTORC1 signaling in primary hepatocytes, this regulation was independent of ATF4. Metabolomics and metabolite tracing studies revealed that insulin-mTORC1-ATF4 signaling stimulates pathways of nonessential amino acid synthesis in primary hepatocytes, including those of alanine, aspartate, methionine, and cysteine, but not serine. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that ATF4 is a novel metabolic effector of mTORC1 in the liver, extending the molecular consequences of feeding and insulin-induced mTORC1 signaling in this key metabolic tissue to the control of amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Byles
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yann Cormerais
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krystle Kalafut
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor Barrera
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James E Hughes Hallett
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannan Ho Sui
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gerta Hoxhaj
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brendan D Manning
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Singh S, Vanden Broeck A, Miller L, Chaker-Margot M, Klinge S. Nucleolar maturation of the human small subunit processome. Science 2021; 373:eabj5338. [PMID: 34516797 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj5338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Singh
- Laboratory of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Arnaud Vanden Broeck
- Laboratory of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Linamarie Miller
- Laboratory of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Tri-Institutional Training Program in Chemical Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Malik Chaker-Margot
- Laboratory of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Tri-Institutional Training Program in Chemical Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sebastian Klinge
- Laboratory of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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6
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Bakshi A, Moin M, Madhav MS, Kirti PB. Target of rapamycin, a master regulator of multiple signalling pathways and a potential candidate gene for crop improvement. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21:190-205. [PMID: 30411830 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The target of rapamycin (TOR) protein regulates growth and development in photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic eukaryotes. Although the TOR regulatory networks are involved in nutrient and energy signalling, and transcriptional and translational control of multiple signalling pathways, the molecular mechanism of TOR regulation of plant abiotic stress responses is still unclear. The TOR-mediated transcriptional regulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RP) is a necessity under stress conditions for balanced growth and productivity in plants. The activation of SnRKs (sucrose non-fermenting-related kinases) and the inactivation of TOR signalling in abiotic stresses is in line with the accumulation of ABA and transcriptional activation of stress responsive genes. Autophagy is induced under abiotic stress conditions, which results in degradation of proteins and the release of amino acids, which might possibly induce phosphorylation of TOR and, hence, its activation. TOR signalling also has a role in regulating ABA biosynthesis for transcriptional regulation of stress-related genes. The switch between activation and inactivation of TOR by its phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation maintains balanced growth in response to stresses. In the present review, we discuss the important signalling pathways that are regulated by TOR and try to assess the relationship between TOR signalling and tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants. The review also discusses possible cross-talk between TOR and RP genes in response to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bakshi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Moin
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - M S Madhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - P B Kirti
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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7
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Schuhmacher MK, Rolando M, Bröhm A, Weirich S, Kudithipudi S, Buchrieser C, Jeltsch A. The Legionella pneumophila Methyltransferase RomA Methylates Also Non-histone Proteins during Infection. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:1912-1925. [PMID: 29733858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RomA is a SET-domain containing protein lysine methyltransferase encoded by the Gram-negative bacterium Legionella pneumophila. It is exported into human host cells during infection and has been previously shown to methylate histone H3 at lysine 14 [Rolando et al. (2013), Cell Host Microbe, 13, 395-405]. Here, we investigated the substrate specificity of RomA on peptide arrays showing that it mainly recognizes a G-K-X-(PA) sequence embedded in a basic amino acid sequence context. Based on the specificity profile, we searched for possible additional RomA substrates in the human proteome and identified 34 novel peptide substrates. For nine of these, the corresponding full-length protein or protein domains could be cloned and purified. Using radioactive and antibody-based methylation assays, we showed that seven of them are methylated by RomA, four of them strongly, one moderately, and two weakly. Mutagenesis confirmed for the seven methylated proteins that methylation occurs at target lysine residues fitting to the specificity profile. Methylation of one novel substrate (AROS) was investigated in HEK293 cells overexpressing RomA and during infection with L. pneumophila. Methylation could be detected in both conditions, confirming that RomA methylates non-histone proteins in human cells. Our data show that the bacterial methyltransferase RomA methylates also human non-histone proteins suggesting a multifaceted role in the infection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Kirstin Schuhmacher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Monica Rolando
- Institut Pasteur, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, 75724 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3525, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Alexander Bröhm
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sara Weirich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Srikanth Kudithipudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Carmen Buchrieser
- Institut Pasteur, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, 75724 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3525, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Albert Jeltsch
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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8
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Oxidative stress promotes SIRT1 recruitment to the GADD34/PP1α complex to activate its deacetylase function. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:255-267. [PMID: 28984870 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor, eIF2α, by stress-activated protein kinases and dephosphorylation by the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34)-containing phosphatase is a central node in the integrated stress response. Mass spectrometry demonstrated GADD34 acetylation at multiple lysines. Substituting K315 and K322 with alanines or glutamines did not impair GADD34's ability to recruit protein phosphatase 1α (PP1α) or eIF2α, suggesting that GADD34 acetylation did not modulate eIF2α phosphatase activity. Arsenite (Ars)-induced oxidative stress increased cellular GADD34 levels and enhanced Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) recruitment to assemble a cytoplasmic complex containing GADD34, PP1α, eIF2α and SIRT1. Induction of GADD34 in WT MEFs paralleled the dephosphorylation of eIF2α (phosphoserine-51) and SIRT1 (phosphoserine-47). By comparison, eIF2α and SIRT1 were persistently phosphorylated in Ars-treated GADD34-/- MEFs. Expressing WT GADD34, but not a mutant unable to bind PP1α in GADD34-/- MEFs restored both eIF2α and SIRT1 dephosphorylation. SIRT1 dephosphorylation increased its deacetylase activity, measured in vitro and in cells. Loss of function of GADD34 or SIRT1 enhanced cellular p-eIF2α levels and attenuated cell death following Ars exposure. These results highlighted a novel role for the GADD34/PP1α complex in coordinating the dephosphorylation and reactivation of eIF2α and SIRT1 to determine cell fate following oxidative stress.
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Wu X, Cao N, Fenech M, Wang X. Role of Sirtuins in Maintenance of Genomic Stability: Relevance to Cancer and Healthy Aging. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:542-575. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiayu Wu
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Neng Cao
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Michael Fenech
- Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Food and Nutrition, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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10
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Human Ribosomal RNA-Derived Resident MicroRNAs as the Transmitter of Information upon the Cytoplasmic Cancer Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:7562085. [PMID: 27517048 PMCID: PMC4969525 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7562085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of ribosome biogenesis induces divergent ribosome-related diseases including ribosomopathy and occasionally results in carcinogenesis. Although many defects in ribosome-related genes have been investigated, little is known about contribution of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in ribosome-related disorders. Meanwhile, microRNA (miRNA), an important regulator of gene expression, is derived from both coding and noncoding region of the genome and is implicated in various diseases. Therefore, we performed in silico analyses using M-fold, TargetScan, GeneCoDia3, and so forth to investigate RNA relationships between rRNA and miRNA against cellular stresses. We have previously shown that miRNA synergism is significantly correlated with disease and the miRNA package is implicated in memory for diseases; therefore, quantum Dynamic Nexus Score (DNS) was also calculated using MESer program. As a result, seventeen RNA sequences identical with known miRNAs were detected in the human rRNA and termed as rRNA-hosted miRNA analogs (rmiRNAs). Eleven of them were predicted to form stem-loop structures as pre-miRNAs, and especially one stem-loop was completely identical with hsa-pre-miR-3678 located in the non-rDNA region. Thus, these rmiRNAs showed significantly high DNS values, participation in regulation of cancer-related pathways, and interaction with nucleolar RNAs, suggesting that rmiRNAs may be stress-responsible resident miRNAs which transmit stress-tuning information in multiple levels.
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11
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Záhonová K, Füssy Z, Oborník M, Eliáš M, Yurchenko V. RuBisCO in Non-Photosynthetic Alga Euglena longa: Divergent Features, Transcriptomic Analysis and Regulation of Complex Formation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158790. [PMID: 27391690 PMCID: PMC4938576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Euglena longa, a close relative of the photosynthetic model alga Euglena gracilis, possesses an enigmatic non-photosynthetic plastid. Its genome has retained a gene for the large subunit of the enzyme RuBisCO (rbcL). Here we provide new data illuminating the putative role of RuBisCO in E. longa. We demonstrated that the E. longa RBCL protein sequence is extremely divergent compared to its homologs from the photosynthetic relatives, suggesting a possible functional shift upon the loss of photosynthesis. Similarly to E. gracilis, E. longa harbors a nuclear gene encoding the small subunit of RuBisCO (RBCS) as a precursor polyprotein comprising multiple RBCS repeats, but one of them is highly divergent. Both RBCL and the RBCS proteins are synthesized in E. longa, but their abundance is very low compared to E. gracilis. No RBCS monomers could be detected in E. longa, suggesting that processing of the precursor polyprotein is inefficient in this species. The abundance of RBCS is regulated post-transcriptionally. Indeed, blocking the cytoplasmic translation by cycloheximide has no immediate effect on the RBCS stability in photosynthetically grown E. gracilis, but in E. longa, the protein is rapidly degraded. Altogether, our results revealed signatures of evolutionary degradation (becoming defunct) of RuBisCO in E. longa and suggest that its biological role in this species may be rather unorthodox, if any.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Záhonová
- Life Science Research Centre, Department of Biology and Ecology and Institute of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Zoltán Füssy
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre ASCR, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Oborník
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre ASCR, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology ASCR, Centrum Agaltech, 379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Eliáš
- Life Science Research Centre, Department of Biology and Ecology and Institute of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Vyacheslav Yurchenko
- Life Science Research Centre, Department of Biology and Ecology and Institute of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre ASCR, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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12
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Knight JRP, Bastide A, Peretti D, Roobol A, Roobol J, Mallucci GR, Smales CM, Willis AE. Cooling-induced SUMOylation of EXOSC10 down-regulates ribosome biogenesis. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 22:623-635. [PMID: 26857222 PMCID: PMC4793216 DOI: 10.1261/rna.054411.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The RNA exosome is essential for 3' processing of functional RNA species and degradation of aberrant RNAs in eukaryotic cells. Recent reports have defined the substrates of the exosome catalytic domains and solved the multimeric structure of the exosome complex. However, regulation of exosome activity remains poorly characterized, especially in response to physiological stress. Following the observation that cooling of mammalian cells results in a reduction in 40S:60S ribosomal subunit ratio, we uncover regulation of the nuclear exosome as a result of reduced temperature. Using human cells and an in vivo model system allowing whole-body cooling, we observe reduced EXOSC10 (hRrp6, Pm/Scl-100) expression in the cold. In parallel, both models of cooling increase global SUMOylation, leading to the identification of specific conjugation of SUMO1 to EXOSC10, a process that is increased by cooling. Furthermore, we define the major SUMOylation sites in EXOSC10 by mutagenesis and show that overexpression of SUMO1 alone is sufficient to suppress EXOSC10 abundance. Reducing EXOSC10 expression by RNAi in human cells correlates with the 3' preribosomal RNA processing defects seen in the cold as well as reducing the 40S:60S ratio, a previously uncharacterized consequence of EXOSC10 suppression. Together, this work illustrates that EXOSC10 can be modified by SUMOylation and identifies a physiological stress where this regulation is prevalent both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R P Knight
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Amandine Bastide
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Peretti
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Roobol
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Roobol
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna R Mallucci
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - C Mark Smales
- Centre for Molecular Processing and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Anne E Willis
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester, LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
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13
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MacInnes AW. The role of the ribosome in the regulation of longevity and lifespan extension. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2016; 7:198-212. [PMID: 26732699 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The most energy-consuming process that a cell must undertake to stay viable is the continuous biogenesis of ribosomes for the translation of RNA into protein. Given the inextricable links between energy consumption and cellular lifespan, it is not surprising that mutations and environmental cues that reduce ribosome biogenesis result in an extension of eukaryotic lifespan. This review goes into detail describing recent discoveries of different and often unexpected elements that play a role in the regulation of longevity by virtue of their ribosome biogenesis functions. These roles include controlling the transcription and processing of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the translation of ribosomal protein (RP) genes, and the number of ribosomes overall. Together these findings suggest that a fundamental mechanism across eukaryotic species for extending lifespan is to slow down or halt the expenditure of cellular energy that is normally absorbed by the manufacturing and assembly of new ribosomes.
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14
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Kwon JH, Ahn KS, Moon YH, Park JY, Wang HJ, Choi KY, Kim G, Joh JW, Lee KG, Kang KJ. AROS Is a Significant Biomarker for Tumor Aggressiveness in Non-cirrhotic Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:1253-9. [PMID: 26339164 PMCID: PMC4553671 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.9.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a low risk of liver failure and preserved liver function, non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis. In the current study, we evaluated an active regulator of SIRT1 (AROS) as a prognostic biomarker in non-cirrhotic HCC. mRNA levels of AROS were measured in tumor and non-tumor tissues obtained from 283 non-cirrhotic HCC patients. AROS expression was exclusively up-regulated in recurrent tissues from the non-cirrhotic HCC patients (P = 0.015) and also in tumor tissues irrespective of tumor stage (P < 0.001) or BCLC stage (P < 0.001). High mRNA levels of AROS were statistically significantly associated with tumor stage (P < 0.001), BCLC stage (P = 0.007), alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level (P = 0.013), microvascular invasion (P = 0.001), tumor size (P = 0.036), and portal vein invasion (P = 0.005). Kaplan-Meir curve analysis demonstrated that HCC patients with higher AROS levels had shorter disease-free survival (DFS) in both the short-term (P < 0.001) and long-term (P = 0.005) compared to those with low AROS. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that AROS is a significant predictor for DFS along with large tumor size, tumor multiplicity, vascular invasion, and poor tumor differentiation, which are the known prognostic factors. In conclusion, AROS is a significant biomarker for tumor aggressiveness in non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keun Soo Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | | | | | - Hee Jung Wang
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kwan Yong Choi
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Gundo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae Won Joh
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Geun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Koo Jeong Kang
- Department of Surgery, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
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15
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HIPK2 restricts SIRT1 activity upon severe DNA damage by a phosphorylation-controlled mechanism. Cell Death Differ 2015; 23:110-22. [PMID: 26113041 PMCID: PMC4815982 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2015.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon severe DNA damage a cellular signalling network initiates a cell death response through activating tumour suppressor p53 in association with promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) nuclear bodies. The deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) suppresses cell death after DNA damage by antagonizing p53 acetylation. To facilitate efficient p53 acetylation, SIRT1 function needs to be restricted. How SIRT1 activity is regulated under these conditions remains largely unclear. Here we provide evidence that SIRT1 activity is limited upon severe DNA damage through phosphorylation by the DNA damage-responsive kinase HIPK2. We found that DNA damage provokes interaction of SIRT1 and HIPK2, which phosphorylates SIRT1 at Serine 682 upon lethal damage. Furthermore, upon DNA damage SIRT1 and HIPK2 colocalize at PML nuclear bodies, and PML depletion abrogates DNA damage-induced SIRT1 Ser682 phosphorylation. We show that Ser682 phosphorylation inhibits SIRT1 activity and impacts on p53 acetylation, apoptotic p53 target gene expression and cell death. Mechanistically, we found that DNA damage-induced SIRT1 Ser682 phosphorylation provokes disruption of the complex between SIRT1 and its activator AROS. Our findings indicate that phosphorylation-dependent restriction of SIRT1 activity by HIPK2 shapes the p53 response.
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16
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Kokkola T, Suuronen T, Molnár F, Määttä J, Salminen A, Jarho EM, Lahtela-Kakkonen M. AROS has a context-dependent effect on SIRT1. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:1523-8. [PMID: 24681097 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of protein deacetylase SIRT1 has a vast therapeutic potential in treatment of several aging-associated diseases. Active regulator of SIRT1 (AROS) is a small endogenous protein which was originally reported to activate SIRT1 through a direct interaction in cancer cells. We show that the interaction between the two proteins is weak and does not alter the activity of SIRT1 in non-cancerous human cells. The results of different in vitro SIRT1 activity assays disclosed AROS as an inhibitor of SIRT1. The functional relationship between AROS and SIRT1 proved to be dependent on the biological context and experimental setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarja Kokkola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Tiina Suuronen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ferdinand Molnár
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Määttä
- Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elina M Jarho
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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17
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Knight JRP, Allison SJ, Milner J. Active regulator of SIRT1 is required for cancer cell survival but not for SIRT1 activity. Open Biol 2013; 3:130130. [PMID: 24258275 PMCID: PMC3843821 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.130130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 is involved in diverse cellular processes, and has also been linked with multiple disease states. Among these, SIRT1 expression negatively correlates with cancer survival in both laboratory and clinical studies. Active regulator of SIRT1 (AROS) was the first reported post-transcriptional regulator of SIRT1 activity, enhancing SIRT1-mediated deacetylation and downregulation of the SIRT1 target p53. However, little is known regarding the role of AROS in regulation of SIRT1 during disease. Here, we report the cellular and molecular effects of RNAi-mediated AROS suppression, comparing this with the role of SIRT1 in a panel of human cell lines of both cancerous and non-cancerous origins. Unexpectedly, AROS is found to vary in its modulation of p53 acetylation according to cell context. AROS suppresses p53 acetylation only following the application of cell damaging stress, whereas SIRT1 suppresses p53 under all conditions analysed. This supplements the original characterization of AROS but indicates that SIRT1 activity can persist following suppression of AROS. We also demonstrate that knockdown of AROS induces apoptosis in three cancer cell lines, independent of p53 activation. Importantly, AROS is not required for the viability of three non-cancer cell lines indicating a putative role for AROS in specifically promoting cancer cell survival.
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