1
|
Chen K, Dong Y, He G, He X, Pan M, Huang X, Yu X, Xia J. UBTF mediates activation of L3MBTL2 to suppress NISCH expression through histone H2AK119 monoubiquitination modification in breast cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024:10.1007/s10585-024-10299-x. [PMID: 38935187 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-024-10299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 2 (L3MBTL2) has been related to transcriptional inhibition and chromatin compaction. Nevertheless, the biological functions and mechanisms of L3MBTL2 are undefined in breast cancer (BRCA). Here, we revealed that L3MBTL2 is responsible for the decline of Nischarin (NISCH), a well-known tumor suppressor, in BRCA, and explored the detailed mechanism. Knockdown of L3MBTL2 reduced monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine-119 (H2AK119ub), leading to reduced binding to the NISCH promoter and increased expression of NISCH. Meanwhile, the knockdown of L3MBTL2 decreased proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BRCA cells, and increased apoptosis, which were abated by NISCH knockdown. Nucleolar transcription factor 1 (UBTF) induced the transcription of L3MBTL2 in BRCA, and the suppressing effects of UBTF silencing on EMT in BRCA cells were also reversed by NISCH knockdown. Knockdown of UBTF slowed tumor progression and attenuated lung tumor infiltration, whereas simultaneous knockdown of NISCH accelerated EMT and increased tumor lung metastasis. Taken together, our results show that L3MBTL2, transcriptionally activated by UBTF, exerts oncogenic functions in BRCA, by catalyzing H2AK119Ub and reducing expression of NISCH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- Department of Technology and Social Services, Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Tongchuan District, Vocational Education Park, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, P.R. China
| | - Yun Dong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, P.R. China
| | - Gaojian He
- Dean's office, Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng He
- Department of Technology and Social Services, Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Tongchuan District, Vocational Education Park, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, P.R. China
| | - Meitong Pan
- Department of Technology and Social Services, Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Tongchuan District, Vocational Education Park, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Huang
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646099, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646099, P.R. China.
| | - Jiyi Xia
- Department of Technology and Social Services, Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Tongchuan District, Vocational Education Park, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, P.R. China.
- Dazhou Chinese medicine research and development center, Dazhou, Sichuan, 635000, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhong L, Wang J, Chen W, Lv D, Zhang R, Wang X, Zeng C, He X, Zheng L, Gao Y, Wang S, Li M, Wu Y, Yin J, Kang T, Liao D. Augmenting L3MBTL2-induced condensates suppresses tumor growth in osteosarcoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0889. [PMID: 37992172 PMCID: PMC10664996 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive cancer and lacks effective therapeutic targets. We found that L3MBTL2 acts as a tumor suppressor by transcriptionally repressing IFIT2 in osteosarcoma. L3MBTL2 recruits the components of Polycomb repressive complex 1.6 to form condensates via both Pho-binding pockets and polybasic regions within carboxyl-terminal intrinsically disordered regions; the L3MBTL2-induced condensates are required for its tumor suppression. Multi-monoubiquitination of L3MBTL2 by UBE2O results in its proteasomal degradation, and the UBE2O/L3MBTL2 axis was crucial for osteosarcoma growth. There is a reverse correlation between L3MBTL2 and UBE2O in osteosarcoma tissues, and higher UBE2O and lower L3MBTL2 are associated with poorer prognosis in osteosarcoma. Pharmacological blockage of UBE2O by arsenic trioxide can enhance L3MBTL2-induced condensates and consequently suppress osteosarcoma growth. Our findings unveil a crucial biological function of L3MBTL2-induced condensates in mediating tumor suppression, proposing the UBE2O-L3MBTL2 axis as a potential cancer therapeutic target in osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Digestive Diseases, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqi Chen
- Center of Digestive Diseases, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongming Lv
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Li
- Center of Digestive Diseases, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanzhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqiang Yin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tan K, Mo J, Li M, Dong Y, Han Y, Sun X, Ma Y, Zhu K, Wu W, Lu L, Liu J, Zhao K, Zhang L, Tang Y, Lv Z. SMAD9-MYCN positive feedback loop represents a unique dependency for MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:352. [PMID: 36539767 PMCID: PMC9764568 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02563-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor occurring during childhood and high-risk NB patients have a poor prognosis. The amplified MYCN gene serves as an important determinant of a high risk of NB. METHODS We performed an integrative screen using public NB tissue and cell line data, and identified that SMAD9 played an important role in high-risk NB. An investigation of the super-enhancers database (SEdb) and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) dataset along with biological experiments of incorporating gene knockdown and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) were performed to identify upstream regulatory mechanism of SMAD9. Gene knockdown and rescue, quantitative real-time PCR (Q-RT-PCR), cell titer Glo assays, colony formation assays, a subcutaneous xenograft model and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the functional role of SMAD9 in NB. An integrative analysis of ChIP-seq data with the validation of CRISPRi and dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data with Q-RT-PCR validation was conducted to analyze the downstream regulatory mechanism of SMAD9. RESULTS High expression of SMAD9 was specifically induced by the transcription factors including MYCN, PHOX2B, GATA3 and HAND2 at the enhancer region. Genetic suppression of SMAD9 inhibited MYCN-amplified NB cell proliferation and tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo. Further studies revealed that SMAD9 bound to the MYCN promoter and transcriptionally regulate MYCN expression, with MYCN reciprocally binding to the SMAD9 enhancer and transactivating SMAD9, thus forming a positive feedback loop along with the MYCN-associated cancer cell cycle. CONCLUSION This study delineates that SMAD9 forms a positive transcriptional feedback loop with MYCN and represents a unique tumor-dependency for MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kezhe Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Mo
- Research Center of Translational medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Li
- Research Center of Translational medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Dong
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Han
- Research Center of Translational medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxuan Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangbin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kewen Zhao
- Research Center of Translational medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Research Center of Translational medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Tang
- Research Center of Translational medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhibao Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Owen BM, Davidovich C. DNA binding by polycomb-group proteins: searching for the link to CpG islands. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:4813-4839. [PMID: 35489059 PMCID: PMC9122586 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group proteins predominantly exist in polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) that cooperate to maintain the repressed state of thousands of cell-type-specific genes. Targeting PRCs to the correct sites in chromatin is essential for their function. However, the mechanisms by which PRCs are recruited to their target genes in mammals are multifactorial and complex. Here we review DNA binding by polycomb group proteins. There is strong evidence that the DNA-binding subunits of PRCs and their DNA-binding activities are required for chromatin binding and CpG targeting in cells. In vitro, CpG-specific binding was observed for truncated proteins externally to the context of their PRCs. Yet, the mere DNA sequence cannot fully explain the subset of CpG islands that are targeted by PRCs in any given cell type. At this time we find very little structural and biophysical evidence to support a model where sequence-specific DNA-binding activity is required or sufficient for the targeting of CpG-dinucleotide sequences by polycomb group proteins while they are within the context of their respective PRCs, either PRC1 or PRC2. We discuss the current knowledge and open questions on how the DNA-binding activities of polycomb group proteins facilitate the targeting of PRCs to chromatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brady M Owen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Chen Davidovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,EMBL-Australia, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sotomska M, Liefke R, Ferrante F, Schwederski H, Oswald F, Borggrefe T. SUMOylated non-canonical polycomb PRC1.6 complex as a prerequisite for recruitment of transcription factor RBPJ. Epigenetics Chromatin 2021; 14:38. [PMID: 34332624 PMCID: PMC8325870 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notch signaling controls cell fate decisions in many contexts during development and adult stem cell homeostasis and, when dysregulated, leads to carcinogenesis. The central transcription factor RBPJ assembles the Notch coactivator complex in the presence of Notch signaling, and represses Notch target gene expression in its absence. RESULTS We identified L3MBTL2 and additional members of the non-canonical polycomb repressive PRC1.6 complex in DNA-bound RBPJ associated complexes and demonstrate that L3MBTL2 directly interacts with RBPJ. Depletion of RBPJ does not affect occupancy of PRC1.6 components at Notch target genes. Conversely, absence of L3MBTL2 reduces RBPJ occupancy at enhancers of Notch target genes. Since L3MBTL2 and additional members of the PRC1.6 are known to be SUMOylated, we investigated whether RBPJ uses SUMO-moieties as contact points. Indeed, we found that RBPJ binds to SUMO2/3 and that this interaction depends on a defined SUMO-interaction motif. Furthermore, we show that pharmacological inhibition of SUMOylation reduces RBPJ occupancy at Notch target genes. CONCLUSIONS We propose that the PRC1.6 complex and its conjugated SUMO-modifications provide a favorable environment for binding of RBPJ to Notch target genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Sotomska
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Robert Liefke
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Strasse 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Marburg and Philipps University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Ferrante
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Heiko Schwederski
- Center for Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Medical Center Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Franz Oswald
- Center for Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Medical Center Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tilman Borggrefe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ogawa LM, Buhagiar AF, Abriola L, Leland BA, Surovtseva YV, Baserga SJ. Increased numbers of nucleoli in a genome-wide RNAi screen reveal proteins that link the cell cycle to RNA polymerase I transcription. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:956-973. [PMID: 33689394 PMCID: PMC8108525 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-10-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoli are dynamic nuclear condensates in eukaryotic cells that originate through ribosome biogenesis at loci that harbor the ribosomal DNA. These loci are known as nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), and there are 10 in a human diploid genome. While there are 10 NORs, however, the number of nucleoli observed in cells is variable. Furthermore, changes in number are associated with disease, with increased numbers and size common in aggressive cancers. In the near-diploid human breast epithelial cell line, MCF10A, the most frequently observed number of nucleoli is two to three per cell. Here, to identify novel regulators of ribosome biogenesis we used high-throughput quantitative imaging of MCF10A cells to identify proteins that, when depleted, increase the percentage of nuclei with ≥5 nucleoli. Unexpectedly, this unique screening approach led to identification of proteins associated with the cell cycle. Functional analysis on a subset of hits further revealed not only proteins required for progression through the S and G2/M phase, but also proteins required explicitly for the regulation of RNA polymerase I transcription and protein synthesis. Thus, results from this screen for increased nucleolar number highlight the significance of the nucleolus in human cell cycle regulation, linking RNA polymerase I transcription to cell cycle progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Amber F Buhagiar
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Laura Abriola
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Bryan A Leland
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Yulia V Surovtseva
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Susan J Baserga
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520.,Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Geng Z, Gao Z. Mammalian PRC1 Complexes: Compositional Complexity and Diverse Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8594. [PMID: 33202645 PMCID: PMC7697839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins function as vital epigenetic regulators in various biological processes, including pluripotency, development, and carcinogenesis. PcG proteins form multicomponent complexes, and two major types of protein complexes have been identified in mammals to date, Polycomb Repressive Complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1 and PRC2). The PRC1 complexes are composed in a hierarchical manner in which the catalytic core, RING1A/B, exclusively interacts with one of six Polycomb group RING finger (PCGF) proteins. This association with specific PCGF proteins allows for PRC1 to be subdivided into six distinct groups, each with their own unique modes of action arising from the distinct set of associated proteins. Historically, PRC1 was considered to be a transcription repressor that deposited monoubiquitylation of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119ub1) and compacted local chromatin. More recently, there is increasing evidence that demonstrates the transcription activation role of PRC1. Moreover, studies on the higher-order chromatin structure have revealed a new function for PRC1 in mediating long-range interactions. This provides a different perspective regarding both the transcription activation and repression characteristics of PRC1. This review summarizes new advancements regarding the composition of mammalian PRC1 and accompanying explanations of how diverse PRC1-associated proteins participate in distinct transcription regulation mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Geng
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Zhonghua Gao
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
- Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- The Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology Program, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Though genetic data suggest that Polycomb group proteins (PcGs) are central chromatin modifiers and repressors that have been implicated in control of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency, the precise mechanism of PcG complex recruitment remains elusive, especially in mammals. We now report that the first and second MBT repeats of L3mbtl2 are important structural and functional features that are necessary and sufficient for L3mbtl2-mediated recruitment of PRC1.6 complex to target promoters. Interestingly, this region of L3mbtl2 harbors the evolutionarily conserved Pho-binding pocket also present in Drosophila Sfmbt, and mutation of the critical residues within this pocket completely abolishes its interaction with target promoters. Additionally, decreased PRC1.6 chromatin occupancy was observed following loss of individual components (L3mbtl2, Pcgf6, and Max) of the complex. Our findings suggest that the recruitment of noncanonical PRC1.6 complex in ESCs might be the result of L3mbtl2's interaction with multiple components of the complex.
Collapse
|
9
|
Panganiban RA, Park HR, Sun M, Shumyatcher M, Himes BE, Lu Q. Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies suppressors of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13384-13393. [PMID: 31213543 PMCID: PMC6613086 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1906275116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), cells initiate the ER stress response and, when overwhelmed, undergo apoptosis. However, little is known about how cells prevent excessive ER stress response and cell death to restore homeostasis. Here, we report the identification and characterization of cellular suppressors of ER stress-induced apoptosis. Using a genome-wide CRISPR library, we screen for genes whose inactivation further increases ER stress-induced up-regulation of C/EBP homologous protein 10 (CHOP)-the transcription factor central to ER stress-associated apoptosis. Among the top validated hits are two interacting components of the polycomb repressive complex (L3MBTL2 [L(3)Mbt-Like 2] and MGA [MAX gene associated]), and microRNA-124-3 (miR-124-3). CRISPR knockout of these genes increases CHOP expression and sensitizes cells to apoptosis induced by multiple ER stressors, while overexpression confers the opposite effects. L3MBTL2 associates with the CHOP promoter in unstressed cells to repress CHOP induction but dissociates from the promoter in the presence of ER stress, whereas miR-124-3 directly targets the IRE1 branch of the ER stress pathway. Our study reveals distinct mechanisms that suppress ER stress-induced apoptosis and may lead to a better understanding of diseases whose pathogenesis is linked to overactive ER stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Panganiban
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hae-Ryung Park
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Maoyun Sun
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Maya Shumyatcher
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Blanca E Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Quan Lu
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115;
- Department of Genetics & Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Link S, Spitzer RMM, Sana M, Torrado M, Völker-Albert MC, Keilhauer EC, Burgold T, Pünzeler S, Low JKK, Lindström I, Nist A, Regnard C, Stiewe T, Hendrich B, Imhof A, Mann M, Mackay JP, Bartkuhn M, Hake SB. PWWP2A binds distinct chromatin moieties and interacts with an MTA1-specific core NuRD complex. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4300. [PMID: 30327463 PMCID: PMC6191444 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06665-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin structure and function is regulated by reader proteins recognizing histone modifications and/or histone variants. We recently identified that PWWP2A tightly binds to H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes and is involved in mitotic progression and cranial-facial development. Here, using in vitro assays, we show that distinct domains of PWWP2A mediate binding to free linker DNA as well as H3K36me3 nucleosomes. In vivo, PWWP2A strongly recognizes H2A.Z-containing regulatory regions and weakly binds H3K36me3-containing gene bodies. Further, PWWP2A binds to an MTA1-specific subcomplex of the NuRD complex (M1HR), which consists solely of MTA1, HDAC1, and RBBP4/7, and excludes CHD, GATAD2 and MBD proteins. Depletion of PWWP2A leads to an increase of acetylation levels on H3K27 as well as H2A.Z, presumably by impaired chromatin recruitment of M1HR. Thus, this study identifies PWWP2A as a complex chromatin-binding protein that serves to direct the deacetylase complex M1HR to H2A.Z-containing chromatin, thereby promoting changes in histone acetylation levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Link
- Department of Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ramona M M Spitzer
- Department of Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maryam Sana
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Mario Torrado
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Moritz C Völker-Albert
- Department of Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Eva C Keilhauer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
- Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstr. 18B, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Thomas Burgold
- Wellcome Trust - MRC Stem Cell Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sebastian Pünzeler
- Department of Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Coparion GmbH & Co. KG, Charles-de-Gaulle-Platz 1d, 50679, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jason K K Low
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Ida Lindström
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Regnard
- Department of Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Oncology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Brian Hendrich
- Wellcome Trust - MRC Stem Cell Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Axel Imhof
- Department of Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Joel P Mackay
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Marek Bartkuhn
- Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Sandra B Hake
- Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), 81377, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jawaid A, Roszkowski M, Mansuy IM. Transgenerational Epigenetics of Traumatic Stress. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 158:273-298. [PMID: 30072057 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic stress is a type of environmental experience that can modify behavior, cognition and physiological functions such as metabolism, in mammals. Many of the effects of traumatic stress can be transmitted to subsequent generations even when individuals from these generations are not exposed to any traumatic stressor. This book chapter discusses the concept of epigenetic/non-genomic inheritance of such traits involving the germline in mammals. It includes a comprehensive review of animal and human studies on inter- and transgenerational inheritance of the effects of traumatic stress, some of the epigenetic changes in the germline currently known to be associated with traumatic stress, and possible mechanisms for their induction and maintenance during development and adulthood. We also describe some experimental interventions that attempted to prevent the transmission of these effects, and consider the evolutionary importance of transgenerational inheritance and future outlook of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jawaid
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich and Department of Health Science and Technology of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Roszkowski
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich and Department of Health Science and Technology of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle M Mansuy
- Laboratory of Neuroepigenetics, Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich and Department of Health Science and Technology of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nowsheen S, Aziz K, Aziz A, Deng M, Qin B, Luo K, Jeganathan KB, Zhang H, Liu T, Yu J, Deng Y, Yuan J, Ding W, van Deursen JM, Lou Z. L3MBTL2 orchestrates ubiquitin signalling by dictating the sequential recruitment of RNF8 and RNF168 after DNA damage. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:455-464. [PMID: 29581593 PMCID: PMC6083879 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells respond to cytotoxic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by recruiting DNA repair proteins to the damaged site. This recruitment is dependent on ubiquitylation of adjacent chromatin areas by E3 ubiquitin ligases such as RNF8 and RNF168, which are recruited sequentially to the DSBs. However, it is unclear what dictates the sequential order and recruits RNF168 to the DNA lesion. Here, we reveal that L3MBTL2 (lethal(3)malignant brain tumour-like protein 2) is the missing link between RNF8 and RNF168. We found that L3MBTL2 is recruited by MDC1 and subsequently ubiquitylated by RNF8. Ubiquitylated L3MBTL2, in turn, facilitates recruitment of RNF168 to the DNA lesion and promotes DNA DSB repair. These results identify L3MBTL2 as a key target of RNF8 following DNA damage and demonstrates how the DNA damage response pathway is orchestrated by ubiquitin signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Khaled Aziz
- Mayo Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Asef Aziz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bo Qin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kuntian Luo
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Karthik B Jeganathan
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Henan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tongzheng Liu
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yibin Deng
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, The University of Minnesota Hormel Institute, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Jian Yuan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jan M van Deursen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Di Costanzo A, Del Gaudio N, Conte L, Dell'Aversana C, Vermeulen M, de Thé H, Migliaccio A, Nebbioso A, Altucci L. The HDAC inhibitor SAHA regulates CBX2 stability via a SUMO-triggered ubiquitin-mediated pathway in leukemia. Oncogene 2018; 37:2559-2572. [PMID: 29467492 PMCID: PMC5945585 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polycomb group (PcG) proteins regulate transcription, playing a key role in stemness and differentiation. Deregulation of PcG members is known to be involved in cancer pathogenesis. Emerging evidence suggests that CBX2, a member of the PcG protein family, is overexpressed in several human tumors, correlating with lower overall survival. Unraveling the mechanisms regulating CBX2 expression may thus provide a promising new target for anticancer strategies. Here we show that the HDAC inhibitor SAHA regulates CBX2 stability via a SUMO-triggered ubiquitin-mediated pathway in leukemia. We identify CBX4 and RNF4 as the E3 SUMO and E3 ubiquitin ligase, respectively, and describe the specific molecular mechanism regulating CBX2 protein stability. Finally, we show that CBX2-depleted leukemic cells display impaired proliferation, underscoring its critical role in regulating leukemia cell tumorogenicity. Our results show that SAHA affects CBX2 stability, revealing a potential SAHA-mediated anti-leukemic activity though SUMO2/3 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Costanzo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Nunzio Del Gaudio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lidio Conte
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmela Dell'Aversana
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - Michiel Vermeulen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hugues de Thé
- INSERM Unite ́ Mixte de Recherche 944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St. Louis, Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - Antimo Migliaccio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Napoli, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
From Flies to Mice: The Emerging Role of Non-Canonical PRC1 Members in Mammalian Development. EPIGENOMES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes2010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
15
|
Stielow B, Finkernagel F, Stiewe T, Nist A, Suske G. MGA, L3MBTL2 and E2F6 determine genomic binding of the non-canonical Polycomb repressive complex PRC1.6. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007193. [PMID: 29381691 PMCID: PMC5806899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse Polycomb repressive complexes 1 (PRC1) play essential roles in gene regulation, differentiation and development. Six major groups of PRC1 complexes that differ in their subunit composition have been identified in mammals. How the different PRC1 complexes are recruited to specific genomic sites is poorly understood. The Polycomb Ring finger protein PCGF6, the transcription factors MGA and E2F6, and the histone-binding protein L3MBTL2 are specific components of the non-canonical PRC1.6 complex. In this study, we have investigated their role in genomic targeting of PRC1.6. ChIP-seq analysis revealed colocalization of MGA, L3MBTL2, E2F6 and PCGF6 genome-wide. Ablation of MGA in a human cell line by CRISPR/Cas resulted in complete loss of PRC1.6 binding. Rescue experiments revealed that MGA recruits PRC1.6 to specific loci both by DNA binding-dependent and by DNA binding-independent mechanisms. Depletion of L3MBTL2 and E2F6 but not of PCGF6 resulted in differential, locus-specific loss of PRC1.6 binding illustrating that different subunits mediate PRC1.6 loading to distinct sets of promoters. Mga, L3mbtl2 and Pcgf6 colocalize also in mouse embryonic stem cells, where PRC1.6 has been linked to repression of germ cell-related genes. Our findings unveil strikingly different genomic recruitment mechanisms of the non-canonical PRC1.6 complex, which specify its cell type- and context-specific regulatory functions. Polycomb group proteins assemble in two major repressive multi-subunit complexes (PRC1 and PRC2), which play important roles in many physiological processes, including stem cell maintenance, differentiation, cell cycle control and cancer. In mammals, six different groups of PRC1 complexes exist (PRC1.1 to PRC1.6), which differ in their subunit composition. The mechanisms that target the different PRC1 complexes to specific genomic sites appear diverse and are poorly understood. In this study, we have investigated the genomic targeting mechanisms of the non-canonical PRC1.6 complex. In PRC1.6, the defining subunit PCGF6 is specifically associated with several proteins including the transcription factors MGA and E2F6, and the histone-binding protein L3MBTL2. We found that MGA is absolutely essential for targeting PRC1.6. MGA executes recruitment of PRC1.6 to its target sites through two distinct functions. On the one hand it acts as a sequence-specific DNA-binding factor; on the other hand it has a scaffolding function, which is independent of its DNA binding capacity. E2F6 and L3MBTL2 are also important in genomic targeting of PRC1.6 as they promote binding of PRC1.6 to different sets of genes associated with distinct functions. Our finding that different components specify loading of PRC1.6 to distinct sets of genes could establish a paradigm for other chromatin-associated complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Stielow
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Guntram Suske
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tomasi ML, Ramani K, Ryoo M, Cossu C, Floris A, Murray BJ, Iglesias-Ara A, Spissu Y, Mavila N. SUMOylation regulates cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and activity in alcoholic liver disease. FASEB J 2018; 32:3278-3288. [PMID: 29401608 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701124r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol acts through numerous pathways leading to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1), an ethanol-inducible enzyme, metabolizes ethanol-producing toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is regulated at the posttranslational level. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation is a posttranslational modification that involves the addition of SUMOs, which modulate protein stability, activity, and localization. We demonstrated that ubiquitin-conjugation enzyme 9, the SUMO-conjugating enzyme, is induced in the livers of an intragastric ethanol mouse model. Our aim is to examine whether SUMOylation could regulate ethanol-induced CYP2E1 expression in ALD and to elucidate the molecular mechanism(s). CYP2E1 and UBC9 expression in vitro and in vivo was detected by real-time PCR and immunoblotting/immunostaining. SUMOylation was assayed by mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation. Ubc9 expression was induced in ethanol-fed mouse livers, and silencing inhibited ethanol-mediated CYP2E1 microsomal retention and enzymatic activity. CYP2E1 SUMOylation was found to be induced by ethanol in vitro and in vivo. Ubc9 silencing prevents ethanol-induced lipid accumulation and ROS production. UBC9 was highly expressed in human ALD livers. Finally, we found that lysine 410 is a key SUMOylated residue contributing to CYP2E1 protein stability and activity preventing CYP2E1 SUMOylation. Ethanol-mediated up-regulation of CYP2E1 via SUMOylation enhancing its protein stability and activity and may have important implications in ALD.-Tomasi, M. L., Ramani, K., Ryoo, M., Cossu, C., Floris, A., Murray, B. J., Iglesias-Ara, A., Spissu, Y., Mavila, N. SUMOylation regulates cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and activity in alcoholic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lauda Tomasi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Komal Ramani
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Minjung Ryoo
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carla Cossu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Floris
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ben J Murray
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ainhoa Iglesias-Ara
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ylenia Spissu
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nirmala Mavila
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Usui N, Co M, Harper M, Rieger MA, Dougherty JD, Konopka G. Sumoylation of FOXP2 Regulates Motor Function and Vocal Communication Through Purkinje Cell Development. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:220-230. [PMID: 27009683 PMCID: PMC4983264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) result in brain developmental abnormalities, including reduced gray matter in both human patients and rodent models and speech and language deficits. However, neither the region-specific function of FOXP2 in the brain, in particular the cerebellum, nor the effects of any posttranslational modifications of FOXP2 in the brain and disorders have been explored. METHODS We characterized sumoylation of FOXP2 biochemically and analyzed the region-specific function and sumoylation of FOXP2 in the developing mouse cerebellum. Using in utero electroporation to manipulate the sumoylation state of FOXP2 as well as Foxp2 expression levels in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum in vivo, we reduced Foxp2 expression approximately 40% in the mouse cerebellum. Such a reduction approximates the haploinsufficiency observed in human patients who demonstrate speech and language impairments. RESULTS We identified sumoylation of FOXP2 at K674 (K673 in mice) in the cerebellum of neonates. In vitro co-immunoprecipitation and in vivo colocalization experiments suggest that PIAS3 acts as the small ubiquitin-like modifier E3 ligase for FOXP2 sumoylation. This sumoylation modifies transcriptional regulation by FOXP2. We demonstrated that FOXP2 sumoylation is required for regulation of cerebellar motor function and vocal communication, likely through dendritic outgrowth and arborization of Purkinje cells in the mouse cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS Sumoylation of FOXP2 in neonatal mouse cerebellum regulates Purkinje cell development and motor functions and vocal communication, demonstrating evidence for sumoylation in regulating mammalian behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyoshi Usui
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-911, USA
| | - Marissa Co
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-911, USA
| | - Matthew Harper
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-911, USA
| | - Michael A. Rieger
- Department of Genetics and Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joseph D. Dougherty
- Department of Genetics and Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Genevieve Konopka
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Methionine adenosyltransferase α2 sumoylation positively regulate Bcl-2 expression in human colon and liver cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37706-23. [PMID: 26416353 PMCID: PMC4741959 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (Ubc9) is required for sumoylation and inhibits apoptosis via Bcl-2 by unknown mechanism. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) encodes for MATα2, the catalytic subunit of the MATII isoenzyme that synthesizes S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe). Ubc9, Bcl-2 and MAT2A expression are up-regulated in several malignancies. Exogenous SAMe decreases Ubc9 and MAT2A expression and is pro-apoptotic in liver and colon cancer cells. Here we investigated whether there is interplay between Ubc9, MAT2A and Bcl-2. We used human colon and liver cancer cell lines RKO and HepG2, respectively, and confirmed key finding in colon cancer specimens. We found MATα2 can regulate Bcl-2 expression at multiple levels. MATα2 binds to Bcl-2 promoter to activate its transcription. This effect is independent of SAMe as MATα2 catalytic mutant was also effective. MATα2 also directly interacts with Bcl-2 to enhance its protein stability. MATα2's effect on Bcl-2 requires Ubc9 as MATα2's stability is influenced by sumoylation at K340, K372 and K394. Overexpressing wild type (but not less stable MATα2 sumoylation mutants) protected from 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis in both colon and liver cancer cells. Colon cancer have higher levels of sumoylated MATα2, total MATα2, Ubc9 and Bcl-2 and higher MATα2 binding to the Bcl-2 P2 promoter. Taken together, Ubc9's protective effect on apoptosis may be mediated at least in part by sumoylating and stabilizing MATα2 protein, which in turn positively maintains Bcl-2 expression. These interactions feed forward to further enhance growth and survival of the cancer cell.
Collapse
|
19
|
Eid A, Torres-Padilla ME. Characterization of non-canonical Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 subunits during early mouse embryogenesis. Epigenetics 2016; 11:389-97. [PMID: 27081692 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1172160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An intense period of chromatin remodeling takes place after fertilization in mammals, which is thought necessary for epigenetic reprogramming to start a new developmental program. While much attention has been given to the role of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) and to canonical PRC1 complexes during this process, little is known as to whether there is any contribution of non-canonical PRC1 in shaping the chromatin landscape after fertilization. Here, we first describe in detail the temporal dynamics and abundance of H2A ubiquitylation (H2AK119ub), a histone modification catalyzed by PRC1, during pre-implantation mouse development. In addition, we have analyzed the presence of the 2 characteristic subunits of non-canonical PRC1 complexes, RYBP and its homolog YAF-2. Our results indicate that H2AK119ub is inherited from the sperm, rapidly removed from the paternal chromatin after fertilization, but detected again prior to the first mitosis, suggesting that PRC1 activity occurs as early as the zygotic stage. RYBP and YAF-2, together with the non-canonical subunit L3MBTL2, are all present during pre-implantation development but show different temporal dynamics. While RYBP is absent in the zygote, it is strongly induced from the 4-cell stage onwards. YAF-2 is inherited maternally and localizes to the pericentromeric regions in the zygote, is strongly induced between the 2- and 4-cell stages but then remains weak to undetectable subsequently. All together, our data suggest that non-canonical PRC1 is active during pre-implantation development and should be regarded as an additional component during epigenetic reprogramming and in the establishment of cellular plasticity of the early embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Eid
- a Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM U964 , U de S, F-67404 Illkirch , CU de Strasbourg , France
| | - Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla
- a Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM U964 , U de S, F-67404 Illkirch , CU de Strasbourg , France.,b Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München D-81377 , München , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zinc finger independent genome-wide binding of Sp2 potentiates recruitment of histone-fold protein Nf-y distinguishing it from Sp1 and Sp3. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005102. [PMID: 25793500 PMCID: PMC4368557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are grouped into families based on sequence similarity within functional domains, particularly DNA-binding domains. The Specificity proteins Sp1, Sp2 and Sp3 are paradigmatic of closely related transcription factors. They share amino-terminal glutamine-rich regions and a conserved carboxy-terminal zinc finger domain that can bind to GC rich motifs in vitro. All three Sp proteins are ubiquitously expressed; yet they carry out unique functions in vivo raising the question of how specificity is achieved. Crucially, it is unknown whether they bind to distinct genomic sites and, if so, how binding site selection is accomplished. In this study, we have examined the genomic binding patterns of Sp1, Sp2 and Sp3 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts by ChIP-seq. Sp1 and Sp3 essentially occupy the same promoters and localize to GC boxes. The genomic binding pattern of Sp2 is different; Sp2 primarily localizes at CCAAT motifs. Consistently, re-expression of Sp2 and Sp3 mutants in corresponding knockout MEFs revealed strikingly different modes of genomic binding site selection. Most significantly, while the zinc fingers dictate genomic binding of Sp3, they are completely dispensable for binding of Sp2. Instead, the glutamine-rich amino-terminal region is sufficient for recruitment of Sp2 to its target promoters in vivo. We have identified the trimeric histone-fold CCAAT box binding transcription factor Nf-y as the major partner for Sp2-chromatin interaction. Nf-y is critical for recruitment of Sp2 to co-occupied regulatory elements. Equally, Sp2 potentiates binding of Nf-y to shared sites indicating the existence of an extensive Sp2-Nf-y interaction network. Our results unveil strikingly different recruitment mechanisms of Sp1/Sp2/Sp3 transcription factor members uncovering an unexpected layer of complexity in their binding to chromatin in vivo. A major question in eukaryotic gene regulation is how transcription factors with similar structural features elicit specific biological responses. We used the three transcription factors Sp1, Sp2 and Sp3 as a paradigm for investigating this question. All three proteins are ubiquitously expressed, and they share glutamine-rich domains as well as a conserved bona fide zinc finger DNA binding domain. Yet, each of the three proteins carries out unique functions in vivo, and each is absolutely essential for mouse development. By genome-wide binding analysis, we found that Sp1 and Sp3 on the one hand, and Sp2 on the other hand engage completely different protein domains for their genomic binding site selection. Most strikingly, the zinc finger domain of Sp2 is dispensable for recruitment to its target sites in vivo. Moreover, we provide strong evidence that the histone-fold protein Nf-y is necessary for recruitment of Sp2. Conversely, Sp2 potentiates Nf-y binding showing that binding of Sp2 and Nf-y to shared sites is mutually dependent. Our findings uncover an unexpected mechanistic diversity in promoter recognition by seemingly similar transcription factors. This work has broader implications for our understanding of how members of other multi-protein transcription factor families could achieve specificity.
Collapse
|
21
|
Roper SJ, Chrysanthou S, Senner CE, Sienerth A, Gnan S, Murray A, Masutani M, Latos P, Hemberger M. ADP-ribosyltransferases Parp1 and Parp7 safeguard pluripotency of ES cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:8914-27. [PMID: 25034692 PMCID: PMC4132717 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are in a dynamic equilibrium of distinct functional states, characterized by the heterogeneous expression of critical pluripotency factors and regulated by a spectrum of reversible histone modifications. Maintenance of this equilibrium is a hallmark of pluripotency. Here we find that the ADP-ribosyltransferases Parp1 and Parp7 play a critical role in safeguarding this state by occupying key pluripotency genes, notably Nanog, Pou5f1, Sox2, Stella, Tet1 and Zfp42, thereby protecting them from progressive epigenetic repression. In the absence of either Parp1 or Parp7, or upon inhibition of the ADP-ribosylating activity, ES cells exhibit a decrease in ground state pluripotency as they cannot maintain the typical heterogeneity characteristic of the metastable state. As a consequence, they display a higher propensity to differentiate. These findings place Parp1 and Parp7 at the genetic-epigenetic interface of pluripotency networks, fine-tuning the transcriptional heterogeneity and thereby determining the developmental plasticity of ES cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Roper
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Stephanie Chrysanthou
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Claire E Senner
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Arnold Sienerth
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Stefano Gnan
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Alexander Murray
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Paulina Latos
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Myriam Hemberger
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| |
Collapse
|