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Lee LCC, Lo KKW. Shining New Light on Biological Systems: Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes for Bioimaging and Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8825-9014. [PMID: 39052606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence imaging is a powerful and versatile technique for investigating cell physiology and pathology in living systems, making significant contributions to life science research and clinical diagnosis. In recent years, luminescent transition metal complexes have gained significant attention for diagnostic and therapeutic applications due to their unique photophysical and photochemical properties. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, with a focus on transition metal centers with a d6, d8, and d10 electronic configuration. We elucidate the structure-property relationships of luminescent transition metal complexes, exploring how their structural characteristics can be manipulated to control their biological behavior such as cellular uptake, localization, biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution. Furthermore, we introduce the various design strategies that leverage the interesting photophysical properties of luminescent transition metal complexes for a wide variety of biological applications, including autofluorescence-free imaging, multimodal imaging, organelle imaging, biological sensing, microenvironment monitoring, bioorthogonal labeling, bacterial imaging, and cell viability assessment. Finally, we provide insights into the challenges and perspectives of luminescent transition metal complexes for bioimaging and biosensing applications, as well as their use in disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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2
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Huynh M, Vinck R, Gibert B, Gasser G. Strategies for the Nuclear Delivery of Metal Complexes to Cancer Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311437. [PMID: 38174785 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The nucleus is an essential organelle for the function of cells. It holds most of the genetic material and plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. Since many antitumoral therapies target nucleic acids to induce cell death, tumor-specific nuclear drug delivery could potentiate therapeutic effects and prevent potential off-target side effects on healthy tissue. Due to their great structural variety, good biocompatibility, and unique physico-chemical properties, organometallic complexes and other metal-based compounds have sparked great interest as promising anticancer agents. In this review, strategies for specific nuclear delivery of metal complexes are summarized and discussed to highlight crucial parameters to consider for the design of new metal complexes as anticancer drug candidates. Moreover, the existing opportunities and challenges of tumor-specific, nucleus-targeting metal complexes are emphasized to outline some new perspectives and help in the design of new cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Huynh
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry of Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, Paris, F-75005, France
- Gastroenterology and technologies for Health, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS5286, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, 69008, France
| | - Robin Vinck
- Orano, 125 avenue de Paris, Châtillon, 92320, France
| | - Benjamin Gibert
- Gastroenterology and technologies for Health, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS5286, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, 69008, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry of Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, Paris, F-75005, France
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3
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Huang R, Huang CH, Chen J, Yan ZY, Tang M, Shao J, Cai K, Zhu BZ. Unprecedented enantio-selective live-cell mitochondrial DNA super-resolution imaging and photo-sensitizing by the chiral ruthenium polypyridyl DNA "light-switch". Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11981-11998. [PMID: 37933856 PMCID: PMC10711558 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is known to play a critical role in cellular functions. However, the fluorescent probe enantio-selectively targeting live-cell mtDNA is rare. We recently found that the well-known DNA 'light-switch' [Ru(phen)2dppz]Cl2 can image nuclear DNA in live-cells with chlorophenolic counter-anions via forming lipophilic ion-pairing complex. Interestingly, after washing with fresh-medium, [Ru(phen)2dppz]Cl2 was found to re-localize from nucleus to mitochondria via ABC transporter proteins. Intriguingly, the two enantiomers of [Ru(phen)2dppz]Cl2 were found to bind enantio-selectively with mtDNA in live-cells not only by super-resolution optical microscopy techniques (SIM, STED), but also by biochemical methods (mitochondrial membrane staining with Tomo20-dronpa). Using [Ru(phen)2dppz]Cl2 as the new mtDNA probe, we further found that each mitochondrion containing 1-8 mtDNA molecules are distributed throughout the entire mitochondrial matrix, and there are more nucleoids near nucleus. More interestingly, we found enantio-selective apoptotic cell death was induced by the two enantiomers by prolonged visible light irradiation, and in-situ self-monitoring apoptosis process can be achieved by using the unique 'photo-triggered nuclear translocation' property of the Ru complex. This is the first report on enantio-selective targeting and super-resolution imaging of live-cell mtDNA by a chiral Ru complex via formation and dissociation of ion-pairing complex with suitable counter-anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhu-Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Environmental Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
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Shen C, Sheng ZG, Shao J, Tang M, Mao L, Huang CH, Zhang ZH, Zhu BZ. Mechanistic investigation of the differential synergistic neurotoxicity between pesticide metam sodium and copper or zinc. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 328:138430. [PMID: 36963585 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest neurological disorders have been associated with the co-exposure to certain pesticides and transition metals. The present study aims to investigate whether co-exposure to the widely-used pesticide metam sodium and copper (Cu2+) or zinc ion (Zn2+) is able to cause synergistic neurotoxicity in neural PC12 cells and its possible mechanism(s). We found that both metam/Cu2+ and metam/Zn2+ synergistically induced apoptosis, intracellular Cu2+/Zn2+ uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, double-strand DNA breakage, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, and nerve function disorder. In addition, metam/Cu2+ was shown to release cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to cytoplasm and nucleus, respectively, and activate the caspase 9, 8, 3, 7. However, metam/Zn2+ induced caspase 7 activation and AIF translocation and mildly activated cytochrome c/caspase 9/caspase 3 pathway. Furthermore, metam/Cu2+ activated caspase 3/7 by the p38 pathway, whereas metam/Zn2+ did so via both the p38 and JNK pathways. These results demonstrated that metam/Cu2+ or metam/Zn2+ co-exposure cause synergistic neurotoxicity via different mechanisms, indicating a potential risk to human health when they environmentally co-exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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Feng W, Xiao Y, Zhao C, Zhang Z, Liu W, Ma J, Ganz T, Zhang J, Liu S. New Deferric Amine Compounds Efficiently Chelate Excess Iron to Treat Iron Overload Disorders and to Prevent Ferroptosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202679. [PMID: 36031399 PMCID: PMC9561787 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Excess iron accumulation occurs in organs of patients with certain genetic disorders or after repeated transfusions. No physiological mechanism is available to excrete excess iron and iron overload to promote lipid peroxidation to induce ferroptosis, thus iron chelation becomes critical for preventing ion toxicity in these patients. To date, several iron chelators have been approved for iron chelation therapy, such as deferiprone and deferoxamine, but the current iron chelators suffer from significant limitations. In this context, new agents are continuously sought. Here, a library of new deferric amine compounds (DFAs) with adjustable skeleton and flexibility is synthesized by adopting the beneficial properties of conventional chelators. After careful evaluations, compound DFA1 is found to have greater efficacy in binding iron through two molecular oxygens in the phenolic hydroxyl group and the nitrogen atom in the amine with a 2:1 stoichiometry. This compound remarkably ameliorates iron overload in diverse murine models through both oral and intravenous administration, including hemochromatosis, high iron diet-induced, and iron dextran-stimulated iron accumulation. Strikingly, this compound is found to suppress iron-induced ferroptosis by modulating the intracellular signaling that drives lipid peroxidation. This study opens a new approach for the development of iron chelators to treat iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Yuanjing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal University500 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200241P. R. China
| | - Chuanfang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Zhanming Zhang
- Department of ChemistryFudan University2005 Songhu RoadShanghai200438P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Tomas Ganz
- Department of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of ChemistryFudan University2005 Songhu RoadShanghai200438P. R. China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
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He SF, Liao JX, Huang MY, Zhang YQ, Zou YM, Wu CL, Lin WY, Chen JX, Sun J. Rhenium-guanidine complex as photosensitizer: trigger HeLa cell apoptosis through death receptor-mediated, mitochondria-mediated and cell cycle arrest pathways. Metallomics 2022; 14:6527583. [PMID: 35150263 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, growing evidence indicates that the photodynamic antitumor activity of transition metal complexes, and Re(I) compounds are potential candidates for photodynamic therapy (PDT). This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and anti-tumor activity of three new Re(I)-guadinium complexes. Cytotoxicity tests reveal that complex Re1 increased cytotoxicity by 145-fold from IC50 > 180 μM in the dark to 1.3 ± 0.7 μM following 10 min of light irradiation (425 nm) in HeLa cells. Further, the mechanism by which Re1 induces apoptosis in the presence or absence of light irradiation was investigated, and results indicate that cell death was caused through different pathways. Upon irradiation, Re1 first accumulates on the cell membrane and interacts with death receptors to activate the extrinsic death receptor-mediated signaling pathway, then is transported into the cell cytoplasm. Most of the intracellular Re1 locates within mitochondria, improving the ROS level, and decreasing MMP and ATP levels, and inducing the activation of caspase-9 and, thus, apoptosis. Subsequently, the residual Re1 can translocate into the cell nucleus, and activates the p53 pathway, causing cell-cycle arrest and eventually cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fen He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Dongguan Peaple's Hospital, Dongguan, 523059, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Min-Ying Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yi-Min Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ci-Ling Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jia-Xi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
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Huang CH, Tang M, Xu D, Shao B, Li PL, Tang TS, Qin L, Zhu BZ. The critical role of unique azido-substituted chloro-O-semiquinone radical intermediates in the synergistic toxicity between sodium azide and chlorocatecholic carcinogens. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:260-269. [PMID: 34673144 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have shown previously that exposing bacteria to tetrachlorocatechol (TCC) and sodium azide (NaN3) together causes synergistic cytotoxicity in a biphasic mode. However, the underlying chemical mechanism remains unclear. In this study, an unexpected ring-contraction 3(2H)-furanone and two quinoid-compounds were identified as the major and minor reaction products, respectively; and two unusual azido-substituted chloro-O-semiquinone radicals were detected and characterized as the major radical intermediates by complementary applications of direct ESR, HPLC/ESI-Q-TOF and high-resolution MS studies with nitrogen-15 isotope-labeled NaN3. Taken together, we proposed a novel molecular mechanism for the reaction of TCC/NaN3: N3- may attack on tetrachloro-O-semiquinone radical, forming two transient 4-azido-3,5,6-trichloro- and 4,5-diazido-3,6-dichloro-O-semiquinone radicals, consecutively. The second-radical intermediate may either undergo an unusual zwitt-azido cleavage to form the less-toxic ring-contraction 3(2H)-furanone product, or further oxidize to form the more toxic quinoid-product 4-amino-5-azido-3,6-dichloro-O-benzoquinone. A good correlation was observed between the biphasic formation of this toxic quinone due to the two competing decomposition pathways of the radical intermediate and the biphasic synergism between TCC and NaN3, which are dependent on their molar-ratios. This is the first report of detection and identification of two unique azido-substituted chloro-O-semiquinone radicals, and an unprecedented ring-contraction mechanism via an unusually mild and facile zwitt-azido rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Technical Center of Zhengzhou Customs District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, PR China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Pei-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Tian-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Beijing, Hong Kong, China.
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Habib A, Serniabad S, Khan MS, Islam R, Chakraborty M, Nargis A, Quayum ME, Alam MA, rapozzi V, Tabata M. Kinetics and mechanism of formation of nickel(II)porphyrin and its interaction with DNA in aqueous medium. J CHEM SCI 2021; 133:83. [PMID: 34366601 PMCID: PMC8329907 DOI: 10.1007/s12039-021-01945-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Kinetics between 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methylpyridium-4-yl)porphyrin and Ni2+ species were investigated in aqueous solution at 25 ±1 °C in I = 0.10 M (NaNO3). Speciation of Ni2+ was done in I = 0.10 M (NaNO3) for knowing distribution of Ni2+ species with solution pH. Experimental data were compared with speciation diagram constructed from the values of hydrolysis constants of Ni2+ ion. Speciation data showed that hexaaquanickel(II) ions took place in hydrolysis reactions through formation of [Ni(OH2)6-n(OH)n]2-n species with solution pH. According to speciation of Ni2+ and pH dependent rate constants, rate expression can be written as: d[Ni(TMPyP)4+]/dt = (k1[Ni2+(aq)] + k2[Ni(OH)+(aq)] + k3[Ni(OH)2o(aq)] + k4[Ni(OH)3-(aq)])[H2TMPyP4+], where k1, k2, k3 and k4 were found to be k1 = (0.62 ± 0.22) × 10-2; k2 = (3.60 ± 0.40) × 10-2; k3 = (2.09 ± 0.52) × 10-2, k4 = (0.53 ± 0.04) × 10-2 M-1s-1 at 25 ±1 °C, respectively. Formation of hydrogen bonding between [Ni(H2O)5(OH)]+ and [H2TMPyP]4+ causes enhanced reactivity. Rate of formation of [Ni(II)TMPyP]4+ complex was to be 3.99 × 10-2 M-1s-1 in I = 0.10 M, NaNO3 (25 ± 1 °C). UV-Vis and fluorescence data suggested that [Ni(II)TMPyP]4+ and [H2(TMPyP)]4+ interact with DNA via outside binding with self-stacking and intercalation, respectively. SYNOPSIS
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsan Habib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Salma Serniabad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shamim Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Rokayea Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Mrittika Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Aklima Nargis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Emran Quayum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814 Bangladesh
| | - Valentina rapozzi
- Department of Medicine, Udine University, P.le Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Masaaki Tabata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1, Honjo-machi, Saga, 840-8502 Japan
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9
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Yan ZY, Chen J, Shao J, Jiao ZQ, Tang TS, Tang M, Sheng ZG, Mao L, Huang R, Huang CH, Zhang ZH, Su HM, Zhu BZ. The cell-impermeable Ru(II) polypyridyl complex as a potent intracellular photosensitizer under visible light irradiation via ion-pairing with suitable lipophilic counter-anions. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:69-79. [PMID: 33957221 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Developing the cell-impermeable Ru(II) polypyridyl cationic complexes as effective photosensitizers (PS) which have high cellular uptake and photo-toxicity, but low dark toxicity, is quite challenging. Here we found that the highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2) can be generated by the irradiation of a typical Ru(II) polypyridyl complex Ru(II)tris(tetramethylphenanthroline) ([Ru(TMP)3]2+) under visible light irradiation by ESR with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-N-oxyl) as 1O2 probe. Effective cellular and nuclear delivery of cationic [Ru(TMP)3]2+ was achieved through our recently developed ion-pairing method, and 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol (2,3,4,5-TeCP) was found to be the most effective among all chlorophenols tested. The accelerated cellular, especially nuclear uptake of [Ru(TMP)3]2+ results in the formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and DNA strand breaks, caspase 3/7 activation and cell apoptosis in HeLa cells upon light irradiation. More importantly, compared with other traditional photosensitizers, [Ru(TMP)3]2+ showed significant photo-toxicity but low dark toxicity. Similar effects were observed when 2,3,4,5-TeCP was substituted by the currently clinically used anti-inflammatory drug flufenamic acid. This represents the first report that the cell-impermeable Ru(II) polypyridyl complex ion-paired with suitable lipophilic counter-anions functions as potent intracellular photosensitizer under visible light irradiation mainly via a 1O2-mediated mechanism. These findings should provide new perspectives for future investigations on other metal complexes with similar characteristics as promising photosensitizers for potential photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Ze-Qing Jiao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Tian-Shu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Hong-Mei Su
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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10
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Zhu BZ, Tang M, Huang CH, Mao L, Shao J. Mechanistic Study on Oxidative DNA Damage and Modifications by Haloquinoid Carcinogenic Intermediates and Disinfection Byproducts. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1701-1712. [PMID: 34143619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Haloquinones (XQs) are a group of carcinogenic intermediates of the haloaromatic environmental pollutants and newly identified chlorination disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water. The highly reactive hydroxyl radicals/alkoxyl radicals and quinone enoxy/ketoxy radicals were found to arise in XQs and H2O2 or organic hydroperoxides system, independent of transition-metal ions. However, it was not clear whether these haloquinoid carcinogens and hydroperoxides can cause oxidative DNA damage and modifications, and if so, what are the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that 8-oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), DNA strand breaks, and three methyl oxidation products could arise when DNA was treated with tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone and H2O2 via a metal-independent and intercalation-enhanced oxidation mechanism. Similar effects were observed with other XQs, which are generally more efficient than the typical Fenton system. We further extended our studies from isolated DNA to genomic DNA in living cells. We also found that potent oxidation of DNA to the more mutagenic imidazolone dIz could be induced by XQs and organic hydroperoxides such as t-butylhydroperoxide or the physiologically relevant hydroperoxide 13S-hydroperoxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid via an unprecedented quinone-enoxy radical-mediated mechanism. These findings should provide new perspectives to explain the potential genotoxicity, mutagenesis, and carcinogenicity for the ubiquitous haloquinoid carcinogenic intermediates and DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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11
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Shao B, Mao L, Tang M, Yan ZY, Shao J, Huang CH, Sheng ZG, Zhu BZ. Caffeic Acid Phenyl Ester (CAPE) Protects against Iron-Mediated Cellular DNA Damage through Its Strong Iron-Binding Ability and High Lipophilicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050798. [PMID: 34069954 PMCID: PMC8157578 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and its structurally-related caffeic acid (CA), ferulic acid (FA) and ethyl ferulate (EF) are constituents of honeybee propolis that have important pharmacological activities. This study found that CAPE—but not CA, FA, and EF—could effectively prevent cellular DNA damage induced by overloaded iron through decreasing the labile iron pool (LIP) levels in HeLa cells. Interestingly, CAPE was found to be more effective than CA in protecting against plasmid DNA damage induced by Fe(II)–H2O2 or Fe(III)–citrate–ascorbate-H2O2 via the inhibition of hydroxyl radical (•OH) production. We further provided more direct and unequivocal experimental evidences for the formation of inactive CAPE/CA–iron complexes. CAPE was found to have a stronger iron-binding ability and a much higher lipophilicity than CA. Taken together, we propose that the esterification of the carboxylic moiety with phenethyl significantly enhanced the iron-binding ability and lipophilicity of CAPE, which is also responsible for its potent protection against iron-mediated cellular DNA damage. A study on the iron coordination mechanism of such natural polyphenol antioxidants will help to design more effective antioxidants for the treatment and prevention of diseases caused by metal-induced oxidative stress, as well as help to understand the structure–activity relationships of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shao
- Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (B.-Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-10-62849030 (B.-Z.Z.)
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhu-Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (M.T.); (Z.-Y.Y.); (J.S.); (C.-H.H.); (Z.-G.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Joint Institute for Environmental Science, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University, Beijing 100085/Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (B.-Z.Z.); Tel.: +86-10-62849030 (B.-Z.Z.)
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12
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Wu S, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Wu L, Jiang P, Ding N, Zhang H, Zhao L, Yin F, Yang Q. A novel “on-off-on” acylhydrazone-based fluorescent chemosensor for ultrasensitive detection of Pd2+. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Berrones Reyes J, Kuimova MK, Vilar R. Metal complexes as optical probes for DNA sensing and imaging. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 61:179-190. [PMID: 33784589 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transition and lanthanide metal complexes have rich photophysical properties that can be used for cellular imaging, biosensing and phototherapy. One of the applications of such luminescent compounds is the detection and visualisation of nucleic acids. In this brief review, we survey the recent literature on the use of luminescent metal complexes (including ReI, RuII, OsII, IrIII, PtII, EuIII and TbIII) as DNA optical probes, including examples of compounds that bind selectively to non-duplex DNA topologies such as quadruplex, i-motif and DNA mismatches. We discuss the applications of metal-based luminescent complexes in cellular imaging, including time-resolved microscopy and super-resolution techniques. Their applications in biosensing and phototherapy are briefly mentioned in the relevant sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Berrones Reyes
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Marina K Kuimova
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Ramon Vilar
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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14
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Shao J, Yan ZY, Tang M, Huang CH, Sheng ZG, Chen J, Shao B, Zhu BZ. Potent oxidation of DNA by Ru(ii) tri(polypyridyl) complexes under visible light irradiation via a singlet oxygen-mediated mechanism. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01518k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The irradiation of Ru(ii) tri(polypridyl) complexes with visible light can induce potent oxidation of DNA mediated by 1O2via a type II photosensitization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
| | - Zhu-Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-toxicology
- Research Centre for Eco-environmental Sciences and University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100085
- PR China
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15
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Huang R, Feng FP, Huang CH, Mao L, Tang M, Yan ZY, Shao B, Qin L, Xu T, Xue YH, Zhu BZ. Chiral Os(II) Polypyridyl Complexes as Enantioselective Nuclear DNA Imaging Agents Especially Suitable for Correlative High-Resolution Light and Electron Microscopy Studies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:3465-3473. [PMID: 31913004 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The high-resolution technique transmission electron microscopy (TEM), with OsO4 as the traditional fixative, is an essential tool for cell biology and medicine. Although OsO4 has been extensively used, it is far from perfect because of its high volatility and toxicity. Os(II) polypyridyl complexes like [Os(phen)2(dppz)]2+ (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; dppz = dipyridophenazine) are not only the well-known molecular DNA "light-switches" but also the potential ideal candidates for TEM studies. Here, we report that the cell-impermeable cationic [Os(phen)2(dppz)]2+ can be preferentially delivered into the live-cell nucleus through ion-pairing with chlorophenolate counter-anions, where it functions as an unparalleled enantioselective nuclear DNA imaging reagent especially suitable for correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) studies in both living and fixed cells, which can clearly visualize chromosome aggregation and decondensation during mitosis simultaneously. We propose that the chiral Os(II) polypyridyl complexes can be used as a distinctive group of enantioselective high-resolution CLEM imaging probes for live-cell nuclear DNA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Feng-Ping Feng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Li Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Zhu-Ying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Yan-Hong Xue
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Joint Institute for Environmental Science , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences and Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon 999077 , Hong Kong
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16
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Huang R, Zhu JQ, Tang M, Huang CH, Zhang ZH, Sheng ZG, Liu S, Zhu BZ. Unexpected reversible and controllable nuclear uptake and efflux of the DNA “light-switching” Ru(ii)-polypyridyl complex in living cellsviaion-pairing with chlorophenolate counter-anions. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:10327-10336. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00821d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of cellular uptake and efflux would facilitate the design of metal complexes with not only better functionality and targeted theranostic efficiency, but also with controlled toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Miao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zhi-Guo Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
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17
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Huang R, Huang CH, Shao J, Zhu BZ. Enantioselective and Differential Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Nucleus and Nucleolus by the Two Enantiomers of Chiral Os(II) Polypyridyl Complex. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5909-5916. [PMID: 31538789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The nucleolus is an important subnuclear structure, but very few dyes are available for nucleolar imaging. Here we show that the Λ-enantiomer of [Os(phen)2(dppz)]Cl2 can differentially distinguish the nucleolus from nucleus in living cells with tetrachlorophenolate as counteranion, while the Δ-enantiomer can do so in fixed cells by FLIM imaging. Further studies with three specific metabolic inhibitors for nucleolar protein synthesis found that the lifetime changes of the two enantiomers in the nucleolus can reflect the alteration of the cellular microenvironment, which is related to the general pathological status of the nucleolus. We then observed dynamical architecture changes of the nucleolus, chromosome and spindle apparatus during cell differentiation by these two enantiomers. The chiral Os(II) complex shows many advantages as compared to the commercially available nucleolus dye Syto 9: it displays a much larger Stokes shift value with a near-red emission and a longer lifetime, it can image spindle apparatus during mitosis, and more importantly, it is enantioselective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ben-Zhan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology , Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , People's Republic of China
- Linus Pauling Institute , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
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