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Aly R, Acharya R, Upadhyay KK. Severe hypertriglyceridemia in an infant on chronic hemodialysis. Hemodial Int 2023; 27:E1-E4. [PMID: 36259088 DOI: 10.1111/hdi.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Severe hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Children with chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease are at risk for development of hyperlipidemia. In this report, we describe a 7-month-old male infant with Denys-Drash syndrome who was found to have a "milky-layer" floating on the deaerator of the hemodialysis machine. Investigations showed severe hypertriglyceridemia of >1000 mg/dl. The patient had been on chronic continuous manual peritoneal dialysis until 6 months of age and recently had been switched to hemodialysis. Management included lowering of caloric intake and addition of medium chain triglyceride with reduction of the serum triglyceride levels to 300-400 mg/dl. Close monitoring of serum lipids and timely intervention is important to prevent serious complications associated with dyslipidemia. Observation of the "milky layer" in the deaerator of the hemodialysis machine may be an interesting visual clue of underlying severe hypertriglyceridemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Aly
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ratna Acharya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kiran K Upadhyay
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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2
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[Usefulness of a nutritional strategy on dyslipidemia in pediatric patients with terminal chronic kidney disease]. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:530-536. [PMID: 35227067 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE in chronic kidney disease (CKD) there are several factors that increase the presence of dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to identify the usefulness of a nutritional intervention, in children with terminal CKD, on dyslipidemia 6 months after intervention start. MATERIALS AND METHODS a quasi-experiment study (before and after) was performed. End-stage CKD patients on peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis were included. Each child underwent a determination somatometry, and lipid profile at the beginning and at 6 months of follow-up. A nutritional guide was made with food traffic lights, turning the food that should be consumed in the least amount possible in red. In addition to including life-size food using educational models. To compare the quantitative variables before and after the intervention, the variables were transformed to their logarithm and a paired Student's t-test was applied. RESULTS a total of 41 patients were analyzed. After the intervention, the parameters in the lipid profile were modified; meanwhile HDL concentrations increased (41.0 mg/dL vs 44.4 mg/dL, p = 0.048), triglyceride concentrations decreased (227.1 mg/dL vs 185.9 mg/dL, p = 0.007), and these changes persist even after excluding patients who were under lipid-lowering treatment (195 mg/dL vs 171.6, p = 0.049). Regarding the state of dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia decreased, without reaching significance (80.5 % vs 62.5 %, p = 0.073). CONCLUSIONS the nutritional intervention improved HDL and triglyceride concentrations 6 months afterwards in children with terminal CKD.
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The leptin/adiponectin ratio as prognostic marker for dyslipidemia during 1 year of follow-up in pediatric patients receiving kidney replacement therapy. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:977-987. [DOI: 10.20960/nh.03890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Galiyeva DB, Jackson CA, Wild SH, Burns S, Hughes D, Traynor JP, Metcalfe W, Halbesma N. Long-term all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in Scottish children after initiation of renal replacement therapy: a national cohort study. Pediatr Nephrol 2020; 35:677-685. [PMID: 31845058 PMCID: PMC7056691 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-019-04430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on long-term outcomes in children who have received renal replacement therapy (RRT) for end-stage renal disease are limited. METHODS We studied long-term survival and incidence of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and determinants of these outcomes in children who initiated RRT between 1961 and 2013 using data from the Scottish Renal Registry (SRR). Linkage to morbidity records was available from 1981. RESULTS A total of 477 children of whom 55% were boys, almost 50% had congenital urinary tract disease (CAKUT), 10% received a transplant as the first mode of RRT and almost 60% were over 11 years of age at start of RRT were followed for a median of 17.8 years (interquartile range (IQR) 8.7-26.6 years). Survival was 87.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 84.0-90.1) at 10 years and 77.6% (95% CI 73.3-81.7) at 20 years. During a median follow-up of 14.96 years (IQR 7.1-22.9), 20.9% of the 381 patients with morbidity data available had an incident of CVD event. Age < 2 years at start of RRT, receiving dialysis rather than a kidney transplant and primary renal disease (PRD) other than CAKUT or glomerulonephritis (GN), were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Male sex, receiving dialysis rather than a kidney transplant and PRD other than CAKUT or GN, was associated with a higher risk of CVD incidence. CONCLUSIONS Mortality and CVD incidence among children receiving RRT are high. PRD and RRT modality were associated with increased risk of both all-cause mortality and CVD incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah H Wild
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Nynke Halbesma
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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[Android/gynecoid ratio as a prognostic factor for dyslipidemia in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease]. NUTR HOSP 2019; 36:792-798. [PMID: 31192683 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Background: there are multiple factors that increase the presence of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objective: to determine if the android/gynecoid ratio (A/GR) has utility as a cardiometabolic factor for dyslipidemia in pediatric patients with chronic renal failure. Materials and methods: cohort study. Patients with terminal CKD in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis were included. Determinations of body composition, body mass index (BMI), and lipid profile were assessed for each patient. Subsequently, somatometry and lipid profile were performed at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Statistical analysis: to identify the difference between the initial somatic and biochemical variables, and at 6 and 12 months, the Friedman test was applied. The Spearman coefficient determined the correlation of bodily and biochemical variables. Results: twenty-one patients were analyzed. Tryglycerides (TGL) serum at 12 months of follow-up increased significantly (6 vs 12 months, p = 0.05), without evidence of an increase in the Z score of the BMI (p = 0.98) or total cholesterol (p = 0.49). Body fat, fat percentage and Z score BMI did not correlate with changes in cholesterol and triglyceride levels at 6 and 12 months; however, the A/GI presented a statistically significant association with the change in serum concentrations of TGL at 6 (r = 0.65, p = 0.003) and 12 months of follow-up (r = 0.54, p = 0.02). Conclusions: the A/GI showed an association with the increase in the serum concentration of TGL at 12 months of follow-up.
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Clinical aspects of tacrolimus use in paediatric renal transplant recipients. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:31-43. [PMID: 29479631 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-3892-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus, cornerstone of most immunosuppressive regimens, is a drug with a narrow therapeutic window: underexposure can lead to allograft rejection and overexposure can result in an increased incidence of infections, toxicity and malignancies. Tacrolimus is metabolised in the liver and intestine by the cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) isoforms CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. This review focusses on the clinical aspects of tacrolimus pharmacodynamics, such as efficacy and toxicity. Factors affecting tacrolimus pharmacokinetics, including pharmacogenetics and the rationale for routine CYP3A5*1/*3 genotyping in prospective paediatric renal transplant recipients, are also reviewed. Therapeutic drug monitoring, including pre-dose concentrations and pharmacokinetic profiles with the available "reference values", are discussed. Factors contributing to high intra-patient variability in tacrolimus exposure and its impact on clinical outcome are also reviewed. Lastly, suggestions for future research and clinical perspectives are discussed.
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Haasova M, Snowsill T, Jones-Hughes T, Crathorne L, Cooper C, Varley-Campbell J, Mujica-Mota R, Coelho H, Huxley N, Lowe J, Dudley J, Marks S, Hyde C, Bond M, Anderson R. Immunosuppressive therapy for kidney transplantation in children and adolescents: systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess 2018; 20:1-324. [PMID: 27557331 DOI: 10.3310/hta20610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND End-stage renal disease is a long-term irreversible decline in kidney function requiring kidney transplantation, haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. The preferred option is kidney transplantation followed by induction and maintenance immunosuppressive therapy to reduce the risk of kidney rejection and prolong graft survival. OBJECTIVES To systematically review and update the evidence for the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of basiliximab (BAS) (Simulect,(®) Novartis Pharmaceuticals) and rabbit antihuman thymocyte immunoglobulin (Thymoglobuline,(®) Sanofi) as induction therapy and immediate-release tacrolimus [Adoport(®) (Sandoz); Capexion(®) (Mylan); Modigraf(®) (Astellas Pharma); Perixis(®) (Accord Healthcare); Prograf(®) (Astellas Pharma); Tacni(®) (Teva); Vivadex(®) (Dexcel Pharma)], prolonged-release tacrolimus (Advagraf,(®) Astellas Pharma); belatacept (BEL) (Nulojix,(®) Bristol-Myers Squibb), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) [Arzip(®) (Zentiva), CellCept(®) (Roche Products), Myfenax(®) (Teva), generic MMF is manufactured by Accord Healthcare, Actavis, Arrow Pharmaceuticals, Dr Reddy's Laboratories, Mylan, Sandoz and Wockhardt], mycophenolate sodium, sirolimus (Rapamune,(®) Pfizer) and everolimus (Certican,(®) Novartis Pharmaceuticals) as maintenance therapy in children and adolescents undergoing renal transplantation. DATA SOURCES Clinical effectiveness searches were conducted to 7 January 2015 in MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (via Wiley Online Library) and Web of Science [via Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)], Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) (The Cochrane Library via Wiley Online Library) and Health Management Information Consortium (via Ovid). Cost-effectiveness searches were conducted to 15 January 2015 using a costs or economic literature search filter in MEDLINE (via Ovid), EMBASE (via Ovid), NHS Economic Evaluation Databases (via Wiley Online Library), Web of Science (via ISI), Health Economic Evaluations Database (via Wiley Online Library) and EconLit (via EBSCOhost). REVIEW METHODS Titles and abstracts were screened according to predefined inclusion criteria, as were full texts of identified studies. Included studies were extracted and quality appraised. Data were meta-analysed when appropriate. A new discrete time state transition economic model (semi-Markov) was developed; graft function, and incidences of acute rejection and new-onset diabetes mellitus were used to extrapolate graft survival. Recipients were assumed to be in one of three health states: functioning graft, graft loss or death. RESULTS Three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and four non-RCTs were included. The RCTs only evaluated BAS and tacrolimus (TAC). No statistically significant differences in key outcomes were found between BAS and placebo/no induction. Statistically significantly higher graft function (p < 0.01) and less biopsy-proven acute rejection (odds ratio 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 0.57) was found between TAC and ciclosporin (CSA). Only one cost-effectiveness study was identified, which informed NICE guidance TA99. BAS [with TAC and azathioprine (AZA)] was predicted to be cost-effective at £20,000-30,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) versus no induction (BAS was dominant). BAS (with CSA and MMF) was not predicted to be cost-effective at £20,000-30,000 per QALY versus no induction (BAS was dominated). TAC (with AZA) was predicted to be cost-effective at £20,000-30,000 per QALY versus CSA (TAC was dominant). A model based on adult evidence suggests that at a cost-effectiveness threshold of £20,000-30,000 per QALY, BAS and TAC are cost-effective in all considered combinations; MMF was also cost-effective with CSA but not TAC. LIMITATIONS The RCT evidence is very limited; analyses comparing all interventions need to rely on adult evidence. CONCLUSIONS TAC is likely to be cost-effective (vs. CSA, in combination with AZA) at £20,000-30,000 per QALY. Analysis based on one RCT found BAS to be dominant, but analysis based on another RCT found BAS to be dominated. BAS plus TAC and AZA was predicted to be cost-effective at £20,000-30,000 per QALY when all regimens were compared using extrapolated adult evidence. High-quality primary effectiveness research is needed. The UK Renal Registry could form the basis for a prospective primary study. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42014013544. FUNDING The National Institute for Health Research HTA programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Haasova
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tristan Snowsill
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tracey Jones-Hughes
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Louise Crathorne
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Chris Cooper
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jo Varley-Campbell
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ruben Mujica-Mota
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Helen Coelho
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nicola Huxley
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jenny Lowe
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Jan Dudley
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children (University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust), Bristol, UK
| | - Stephen Marks
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Chris Hyde
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Mary Bond
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rob Anderson
- Peninsula Technology Assessment Group (PenTAG), Evidence Synthesis & Modelling for Health Improvement, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Tjaden LA, Jager KJ, Bonthuis M, Kuehni CE, Lilien MR, Seeman T, Stefanidis CJ, Tse Y, Harambat J, Groothoff JW, Noordzij M. Racial variation in cardiovascular disease risk factors among European children on renal replacement therapy-results from the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology/European Renal Association - European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017; 32:1908-1917. [PMID: 28158862 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfw423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Racial differences in overall mortality rates have been found in children on renal replacement therapy (RRT). We used data from the European Society for Paediatric Nephrology/European Renal Association - European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry to study racial variation in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among European children on RRT. Methods We included patients aged <20 years between 2006-13 who (i) initiated dialysis treatment or (ii) had a renal transplant vintage of ≥1 year. Racial groups were defined as white, black, Asian and other. The CVD risk factors assessed included uncontrolled hypertension, obesity, hyperphosphataemia and anaemia. Differences between racial groups in CVD risk factors were examined using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models while adjusting for potential confounders. Results In this study, 1161 patients on dialysis and 1663 patients with a transplant were included. The majority of patients in both groups were white (73.8% and 79.9%, respectively). The crude prevalence of the CVD risk factors was similar across racial groups. However, after adjustment for potential confounders, Asian background was associated with higher risk of uncontrolled hypertension both in the dialysis group [odds ratio (OR): 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.64] and the transplant group (OR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.11-1.68) compared with white patients. Patients of Asian and other racial background with a renal transplant had a higher risk of anaemia compared with white patients (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.15-1.96 and OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.01-2.07, respectively). Finally, the mean number of CVD risk factors among dialysis patients was higher in Asian patients (1.83, 95% CI: 1.64-2.04) compared with white patients (1.52, 95% CI: 1.40-1.65). Conclusions We found a higher prevalence of modifiable CVD risk factors in Asian children on RRT. Early identification and management of these risk factors could potentially improve long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidwien A Tjaden
- ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kitty J Jager
- ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Bonthuis
- ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Swiss Pediatric Renal Registry, Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc R Lilien
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tomas Seeman
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Motol, Charles University Prague, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Yincent Tse
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jérôme Harambat
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jaap W Groothoff
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marlies Noordzij
- ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Habbig S, Volland R, Krupka K, Querfeld U, Dello Strologo L, Noyan A, Yalcinkaya F, Topaloglu R, Webb NJA, Kemper MJ, Pape L, Bald M, Kranz B, Taylan C, Höcker B, Tönshoff B, Weber LT. Dyslipidemia after pediatric renal transplantation-The impact of immunosuppressive regimens. Pediatr Transplant 2017; 21. [PMID: 28370750 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in pediatric transplant recipients. Data on prevalence and risk factors in pediatric cohorts are, however, scarce. We therefore determined the prevalence of dyslipidemia in 386 pediatric renal transplant recipients enrolled in the CERTAIN registry. Data were obtained before and during the first year after RTx to analyze possible non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 95% before engraftment and 88% at 1 year post-transplant. Low estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year post-transplant was associated with elevated serum triglyceride levels. The use of TAC and of MPA was associated with significantly lower concentrations of all lipid parameters compared to regimens containing CsA and mTORi. Immunosuppressive regimens consisting of CsA, MPA, and steroids as well as of CsA, mTORi, and steroids were associated with a three- and 25-fold (P<.001) increased risk of having more than one pathologic lipid parameter as compared to the use of TAC, MPA, and steroids. Thus, amelioration of the cardiovascular risk profile after pediatric RTx may be attained by adaption of the immunosuppressive regimen according to the individual risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Habbig
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's and Adolescent's Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ruth Volland
- Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's and Adolescent's Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kai Krupka
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Querfeld
- Pediatric Nephrology Charité, University Children's Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Aytül Noyan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Adana Teaching and Research Center, Baskent University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Fatos Yalcinkaya
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rezan Topaloglu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nicholas J A Webb
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Center, Manchester, UK
| | - Markus J Kemper
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Pediatric Asklepios Hospital Nord-Heidberg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lars Pape
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Bald
- Clinic of Stuttgart, Olga Children's Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Birgitta Kranz
- Department of General Pediatrics, Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christina Taylan
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's and Adolescent's Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Britta Höcker
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tönshoff
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz T Weber
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's and Adolescent's Hospital, Cologne, Germany
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Different effect of hypercholesterolemia on mortality in hemodialysis patients based on coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:211. [PMID: 27927204 PMCID: PMC5143465 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies on the association of total cholesterol (TC) levels and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients demonstrated conflicting results. The differenct effect of Hypercholesterolemia on HD patients based on the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) or coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown. Methods We analyzed data from the Taiwan Renal Registry Data System (TWRDS) between 2005 and 2012. Patients were divided into MI/CAD or non-MI/CAD group. The primary outcome was three-year mortality. The association between primary outcome and first year average TC and effect of change in cholesterol level between the first and third year of dialysis were explored. Results Of 90,795 HD patients, 77,762 (85.6%) patients were assigned to non-MI/CAD group and 13,033 (14.4%) to the MI/CAD group. In the non-MI/CAD subjects, both TC > 250 mg/dL and < 150 mg/dL were associated with increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27; 1.17–1.37 and 1.14; 1.11–1.18) compared to the reference (TC: 150–200 mg/dL). In the MI/CAD patients, only TC < 150 mg/dL had increased risk (HR; 95% CI: 1.15; 1.08–1.24). In addition, patients of the non-MI/CAD group with highest level of TC (>250 mg/dL) in both first and third year of dialysis had a 64% increased risk for mortality (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.51–1.80). Conclusion In this nationwide hemodialysis cohort, hypercholesterolemia was associated with increased mortality in HD patients without MI/CAD. Further investigation on primary prevention of CAD with statin is warranted.
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Harambat J, Bonthuis M, Groothoff JW, Schaefer F, Tizard EJ, Verrina E, van Stralen KJ, Jager KJ. Lessons learned from the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry. Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:2055-64. [PMID: 26498279 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) in children is a medically challenging condition. Due to its rarity and special features, methodologically sound collaborative studies are required. In 2007, a new European registry of pediatric renal replacement therapy (RRT), the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, was launched. In recent years, the Registry has provided comprehensive data on incidence, prevalence, patient characteristics, RRT modalities, and mortality in pediatric ESRD, along with relevant insights into cardiovascular risk, anemia, nutrition and growth, transplantation outcomes, and rare diseases. In this review, we describe the study design and structure underlying the ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, summarize the major research findings from more than 20 publications, and discuss current limitations and the future challenges to overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Harambat
- Department of Pediatrics, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Marjolein Bonthuis
- ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap W Groothoff
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Franz Schaefer
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Jane Tizard
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Enrico Verrina
- Dialysis Unit, Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Karlijn J van Stralen
- ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kitty J Jager
- ESPN/ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Tainio J, Qvist E, Hölttä T, Pakarinen M, Jahnukainen T, Jalanko H. Metabolic risk factors and long-term graft function after paediatric renal transplantation. Transpl Int 2014; 27:583-92. [PMID: 24606122 DOI: 10.1111/tri.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate metabolic risk factors and their impact on long-term allograft function in paediatric renal transplant (RTx) patients. We reviewed the medical records of 210 RTx patients who underwent transplantation at a median age of 4.5 years (range 0.7-18.2) and a median follow-up of 7.0 years (range 1.5-18.0). Data on lipid and glucose metabolism, uric acid levels, weight and blood pressure were collected up to 13 years post-RTx, and the findings were correlated with the measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Beyond the first year, GFR showed gradual deterioration with a mean decline of 2.4 ml/min/1.73 m(2)/year. Metabolic syndrome, overweight, hypertension and type 2 diabetes were diagnosed in 14-19%, 20-23%, 62-87% and 3-5% of the patients, respectively. These entities showed only mild association with the concomitant or long-term GFR values. Dyslipidaemia was common and hypertriglyceridaemia associated with a lower GFR at 1.5 and 5 years post-RTx (P = 0.008 and P = 0.017, respectively). Similarly, hyperuricaemia was frequent and associated significantly with GFR (P < 0.001). Except for hyperuricaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia, metabolic risk factors beyond the first postoperative year associated modestly with the long-term kidney graft function in paediatric RTx patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juuso Tainio
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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