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The relationship between serum miR-21 levels and left atrium dilation in elderly patients with essential hypertension. J Geriatr Cardiol 2022; 19:833-842. [PMID: 36561056 PMCID: PMC9748264 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is related to hypertension and cardiac remodelling. Left atrium (LA) dilation is highly sensitive to small haemodynamic changes in the left ventricle (LV) that are induced by hypertension. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between miR-21 expression and LA dilation in elderly patients with essential hypertension (EH). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, one hundred elderly patients with EH were recruited for the study. According to their left atrium diameters (LADs), the patients were divided into the LA dilation group [42 patients (42%)] and the no-LA dilation group [58 patients (58%)]. The serum levels of miR-21 and chemical biomarkers used in the clinic, such as creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lp(a), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), and apolipoprotein B, were measured. All the patients underwent echocardiographic examination, and the LAD, interventricular septum (IVS), right atrium diameter (RAD), right ventricle diameter (RVD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured. RESULTS The levels of miR-21 [8.02 (5.21, 14.39) vs. 6.05 (3.81, 8.95), P = 0.011] and LVEF (67.02 ± 3.82 vs. 64.14 ± 4.43, P = 0.001) were higher in the LA dilation group. The levels of creatinine [70.40 (64.45, 80.15) vs. 63.9(60.1, 73.43)], P = 0.020] were higher in the no-LA dilation group. The levels of HDLC (r = - 0.209, P = 0.037), apoA1 (r = -0.269, P = 0.007) and RAD (r = 0.203, P = 0.043) were significantly correlated with miR-21 expression. The LAD was significantly correlated with the RAD (r = 0.287, P = 0.004), RVD (r = 0.450, P < 0.001), LVEDD (r = 0.248, P = 0.013) and LVEF (r = 0.232, P = 0.020). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that miR-21 significantly influenced LA dilation in elderly patients with EH (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Circulating serum levels of miR-21 are increased in elderly patients with EH with LA dilation. miR-21 levels are significantly correlated with LA dilation in elderly patients with EH, and miR-21 may be a factor related to the clinical pathophysiological occurrence of and treatment for the progression of hypertension-related early heart damage in EH patients.
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Teixeira AR, Ferreira VV, Pereira-da-Silva T, Ferreira RC. The role of miRNAs in the diagnosis of stable atherosclerosis of different arterial territories: A critical review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1040971. [PMID: 36505351 PMCID: PMC9733725 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerosis may be present in different arterial territories and as a single- or multi-territorial disease. The different phenotypes of atherosclerosis are attributable only in part to acquired cardiovascular risk factors and genetic Mendelian inheritance. miRNAs, which regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, may also contribute to such heterogeneity. Numerous miRNAs participate in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis by modulating endothelial function, smooth vascular cell function, vascular inflammation, and cholesterol homeostasis in the vessel, among other biological processes. Moreover, miRNAs are present in peripheral blood with high stability and have the potential to be used as non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis. However, the circulating miRNA profile may vary according to the involved arterial territory, considering that atherosclerosis expression, including the associated molecular phenotype, varies according to the affected arterial territory. In this review, we discuss the specific circulating miRNA profiles associated with atherosclerosis of different arterial territories, the common circulating miRNA profile of stable atherosclerosis irrespective of the involved arterial territory, and the circulating miRNA signature of multi-territorial atherosclerosis. miRNAs may consist of a simple non-invasive method for discriminating atherosclerosis of different arterial sites. The limitations of miRNA profiling for such clinical application are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Teixeira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Ana Rita Teixeira
| | - Vera Vaz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Pereira-da-Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Cruz Ferreira
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal
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3
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Cho AY, Oh JH, Lee KY, Sun IO. The clinical significance of circulating microRNA-21 in patients with IgA nephropathy. KOSIN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.7180/kmj.22.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Urinary microRNA-21 (miR-21) has been reported to correlate with the histologic lesions of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). We investigated whether urinary or circulating miR-21 could serve as a biomarker for detecting the renal progression of IgAN.Methods: Forty patients with biopsy-proven IgAN were enrolled in this study. Serum and urinary sediment miRs were extracted, and the expression of miR-21 was quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Renal progression was defined as end-stage renal disease, a sustained doubling of serum creatinine, or a 50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from baseline.Results: Six patients experienced renal progression during the follow-up period. The baseline eGFR was lower in the progression group (49±11 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs. 90±23 mL/min/1.73 m2, p<0.05) than in the non-progression group. The level of circulating miR-21 on kidney biopsy was higher in the progression group than in the non-progression group (40.0±0.6 vs. 38.2±1.1 ΔCt value of miR-21, p<0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in urinary miR-21 (38.1±2.1 vs. 37.8±1.4 ΔCt value of miR-21, p=0.687) between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that circulating miR-21 had good discriminative power for diagnosing renal progression of IgAN, with an area under the curve of 0.975.Conclusions: The level of circulating miR-21 was higher in the progression group than in the non-progression group at the time of kidney biopsy. Therefore, circulating miR-21 could be a surrogate marker of renal progression in patients with IgAN.
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Fang Y, Dai X. Emerging Roles of Extracellular Non-Coding RNAs in Vascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:492-499. [PMID: 35460016 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10237-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by cells and carry diverse components, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites. EVs could be found in blood and other biofluids. They vary greatly in size, function, cargo, and cellular origin. Accumulating evidence shows that extracellular non-coding RNAs, the dominant extracellular RNAs encapsulated into EVs, function as critical mediators of cell-cell communication and play critical roles in human health and disease. Blood vessels form a dense network that nourishes all of the body's tissues. These vascular networks' dysregulated functions contribute to vascular diseases, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), hypertension, atherosclerosis, and aneurysm. With the increase in unhealthy lifestyle-associated obesity and metabolic disorders, vascular diseases are becoming serious medical and public health issues with a profound global economic burden. The present review summarizes the latest advances on extracellular non-coding RNAs in pathological vascular remodeling-associated diseases, briefly describing vessel-associated extracellular non-coding RNAs and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, Guangdong, China.
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Motshwari DD, George C, Matshazi DM, Weale CJ, Davids SFG, Zemlin AE, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP, Matsha TE. Expression of whole blood miR-126-3p, -30a-5p, -1299, -182-5p and -30e-3p in chronic kidney disease in a South African community-based sample. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4107. [PMID: 35260775 PMCID: PMC8904505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Africa remains poorly characterized, due partly to the lack of appropriate diagnostic strategies. Although in recent years the diagnostic and prognostic utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained prominence in the context of CKD, its value has not been evaluated in African populations. We investigated the expression of whole blood miRNAs (miR-126-3p, -30a-5p, -1299, -182-5p and -30e-3p) in a total sample of 1449 comprising of 13.3% individuals with CKD (stage 1-5) and 26.4% male participants, as well as the association of these miRNAs with prevalent CKD, in a community-based sample of South African adults. We used Reverse Transcription Quantitative Real-Time PCR (RT-qPCR) to analyze miRNA expression. There was an increased expression in whole blood miR-126-3p, -30a-5p, -1299 and -182-5p in individuals with CKD, compared to those without (all p ≤ 0.036), whereas miR-30e-3p showed no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.482). Only miR-126-3p, -182-5p and -30e-3p were independently associated with increased risk of CKD (all p ≤ 0.022). This study showed for the first time that there is a dysregulation of whole blood miR-126-3p, -30a-5p, -1299 and -182-5p in South Africans of mixed-ancestry with CKD. More research is needed to ascertain their role in CKD risk screening in African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipuo D Motshwari
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cindy George
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Parow, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Don M Matshazi
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cecil J Weale
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saarah F G Davids
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Annalise E Zemlin
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rajiv T Erasmus
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Parow, Francie van Zijl Drive, Parow Valley, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tandi E Matsha
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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Friedrich J, Hammes HP, Krenning G. miRetrieve-an R package and web application for miRNA text mining. NAR Genom Bioinform 2021; 3:lqab117. [PMID: 34988440 PMCID: PMC8696973 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and thereby influence biological processes in health and disease. As a consequence, miRNAs are intensely studied and literature on miRNAs has been constantly growing. While this growing body of literature reflects the interest in miRNAs, it generates a challenge to maintain an overview, and the comparison of miRNAs that may function across diverse disease fields is complex due to this large number of relevant publications. To address these challenges, we designed miRetrieve, an R package and web application that provides an overview on miRNAs. By text mining, miRetrieve can characterize and compare miRNAs within specific disease fields and across disease areas. This overview provides focus and facilitates the generation of new hypotheses. Here, we explain how miRetrieve works and how it is used. Furthermore, we demonstrate its applicability in an exemplary case study and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Friedrich
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (CAVAREM), Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- 5th Medical Department, Section of Endocrinology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Hammes
- 5th Medical Department, Section of Endocrinology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Guido Krenning
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine (CAVAREM), Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Olivieri F, Prattichizzo F, Giuliani A, Matacchione G, Rippo MR, Sabbatinelli J, Bonafè M. miR-21 and miR-146a: The microRNAs of inflammaging and age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101374. [PMID: 34082077 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The first paper on "inflammaging" published in 2001 paved the way for a unifying theory on how and why aging turns out to be the main risk factor for the development of the most common age-related diseases (ARDs). The most exciting challenge on this topic was explaining how systemic inflammation steeps up with age and why it shows different rates among individuals of the same chronological age. The "epigenetic revolution" in the past twenty years conveyed that the assessment of the individual genetic make-up is not enough to depict the trajectories of age-related inflammation. Accordingly, others and we have been focusing on the role of non-coding RNA, i.e. microRNAs (miRNAs), in inflammaging. The results obtained in the latest 10 years underpinned the key role of a miRNA subset that we have called inflammamiRs, owing to their ability to master (NF-κB)-driven inflammatory pathways. In this review, we will focus on two inflammamiRs, i.e. miR-21-5p and miR-146a-5p, which target a variety of molecules belonging to the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways. The interplay between miR-146a-5p and IL-6 in the context of aging and ARDs will also be highlighted. We will also provide the most relevant evidence suggesting that circulating inflammamiRs, along with IL-6, can measure the degree of inflammaging.
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8
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Yun CY, Lim JH, Oh JH, Cho AY, Lee KY, Sun IO. Urinary Exosomal microRNA-21 as a Marker for Scrub Typhus-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:140-144. [PMID: 33596145 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Urinary microRNA (miRNA)-21 is a biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI). We conducted this study to determine if a urinary exosomal analysis for this biomarker could serve as a novel diagnostic approach for detecting kidney disease. Materials and Methods: We investigated the clinical significance of urinary exosomal miRNA-21 levels for AKI in scrub typhus patients. We collected 138 urine samples from scrub typhus patients at the time of admission. Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 was assessed in 25 age- and sex-matched scrub typhus patients with and without AKI. Results: The total leukocyte count was higher in AKI patients than in non-AKI patients (10.40 × 103/mL vs. 6.40 × 103/mL, p < 0.01). Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 levels were higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group (20.1 ± 1.2 vs. 17.8 ± 1.8 ΔCt value of miRNA-21, p < 0.01). Additionally, the miRNA-21 levels correlated directly with the total leukocyte counts and inversely with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated good discriminative power for the diagnosis of scrub typhus-associated AKI, with an area under the curve value of 0.907. Conclusion: Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 could be a surrogate marker for scrub typhus-associated AKI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Young Yun
- Christian Medical Research Center, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ju Hwan Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
| | - A Young Cho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kwang Young Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
| | - In O Sun
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
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Kim SR, Jiang K, Ogrodnik M, Chen X, Zhu XY, Lohmeier H, Ahmed L, Tang H, Tchkonia T, Hickson LJ, Kirkland JL, Lerman LO. Increased renal cellular senescence in murine high-fat diet: effect of the senolytic drug quercetin. Transl Res 2019; 213:112-123. [PMID: 31356770 PMCID: PMC6783353 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and dyslipidemia can be associated with cellular senescence, and may impair kidney function. However, whether senescence contributes to renal dysfunction in these conditions remains unclear. Quercetin is an abundant dietary flavonoid that selectively clears inhibiting PI3K/AKT and p53/p21/serpines and inducing apoptosis. We hypothesized that high-fat-diet-induced obesity causes renal senescence, which would be mitigated by quercetin. C57BL/6J mice fed either standard chow or high-fat diets (HFDs) were treated with quercetin (50 mg/kg) or vehicle 5-days biweekly via oral gavage for 10 weeks. Subsequently, renal function was studied in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging, and renal senescence and histology were evaluated ex vivo. Mice fed with a HFD developed obesity and hypercholesterolemia, whereas renal size remained unchanged. Murine obesity impaired renal function and cortical oxygenation, and induced glomerulomegaly. Renal markers of senescence (eg, expression of p16, p19, and p53) and its secretory phenotype were upregulated in the obese hypercholesterolemic compared to lean mice in renal tubular cells, but attenuated in quercetin-treated murine kidneys, as was renal fibrosis. Quercetin treatment also increased renal cortical oxygenation and decreased plasma creatinine levels in obese mice, whereas body weight and cholesterol levels were unaltered. Therefore, murine obesity and dyslipidemia induce renal tissue senescence and impairs kidney function, which is alleviated by chronic senolytic treatment. These findings implicate senescence in loss of kidney function in murine dyslipidemia and obesity, and support further studies of senolytic therapy in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Rin Kim
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kai Jiang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Mikolaj Ogrodnik
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hannah Lohmeier
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Leena Ahmed
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hui Tang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - LaTonya J Hickson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Courand PY, Dinic M, Lorthioir A, Bobrie G, Grataloup C, Denarié N, Soulat G, Mousseaux E, Sapoval M, Azizi M, Amar L. Resistant Hypertension and Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis: Effects of Angioplasty on Ambulatory Blood Pressure. A Retrospective Uncontrolled Single-Center Study. Hypertension 2019; 74:1516-1523. [PMID: 31656101 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The effect of renal artery angioplasty on blood pressure in patients with true resistant hypertension and atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis has not been fully investigated due to the exclusion of these patients from most trials. In this study, we assessed the benefits of renal angioplasty on daytime ambulatory blood pressure (dABP) in this subgroup of patients. Medical records of our hypertension department were retrospectively analyzed from 2000 to 2016. Seventy-two patients were identified with resistant hypertension (dABP >135 or 85 mm Hg despite at least 3 antihypertensive drugs, including a diuretic) and atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis treated by angioplasty. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis was unilateral in 57 patients and bilateral in 15 patients. The mean age of the patients was 67.8±11.2 years; dABP was 157±16/82±10 mm Hg despite 4.0±1.0 antihypertensive treatments; estimated glomerular filtration rate was 52 (41-63) mL/min. After renal angioplasty, dABPM decreased by 14.0±17.3/6.4±8.7 mm Hg (P<0.001 for both), and the number of antihypertensive treatments decreased to 3.6±1.4 (P=0.002) with no significant change in estimated glomerular filtration rate. A high baseline systolic dABP and a low body mass index were independent predictors of systolic dABP changes. The decrease in dABP was confirmed in a subgroup of patients at one and 3 years of follow-up (N=31 and N=18 respectively, P≤0.001 for systolic and diastolic blood pressure at both visits). In this retrospective uncontrolled single-center study, angioplasty in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and with true resistant hypertension significantly decreased dABP, reducing the need for antihypertensive treatment with no change in estimated glomerular filtration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Yves Courand
- From the Université de Paris, INSERM, CIC1418, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (P.-Y.C., A.L., M.A.)
- Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Cardiology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France and Université de Lyon, CREATIS UMR5220; INSERM U1044; INSA-Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Miriana Dinic
- Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, France (M.D.)
| | - Aurélien Lorthioir
- From the Université de Paris, INSERM, CIC1418, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (P.-Y.C., A.L., M.A.)
- Hypertension Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (A.L., G.B., N.D., M.A., L.A.)
| | - Guillaume Bobrie
- Hypertension Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (A.L., G.B., N.D., M.A., L.A.)
| | - Christine Grataloup
- Department of Radiology, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (C.G., G.S., E.M.)
| | - Nicolas Denarié
- Hypertension Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (A.L., G.B., N.D., M.A., L.A.)
| | - Gilles Soulat
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-970, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France (G.S., E.M., M.S., M.A., L.A.)
| | - Elie Mousseaux
- Department of Radiology, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (C.G., G.S., E.M.)
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-970, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France (G.S., E.M., M.S., M.A., L.A.)
| | - Marc Sapoval
- Vascular and Oncological Interventional Radiology Department, Vascular and Oncological Interventional Radiology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (M.S.)
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-970, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France (G.S., E.M., M.S., M.A., L.A.)
| | - Michel Azizi
- From the Université de Paris, INSERM, CIC1418, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (P.-Y.C., A.L., M.A.)
- Hypertension Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (A.L., G.B., N.D., M.A., L.A.)
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-970, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France (G.S., E.M., M.S., M.A., L.A.)
| | - Laurence Amar
- Hypertension Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France (A.L., G.B., N.D., M.A., L.A.)
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR-970, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France (G.S., E.M., M.S., M.A., L.A.)
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Eirin
- From the Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., S.C.T., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Stephen C Textor
- From the Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., S.C.T., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- From the Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension (A.E., S.C.T., L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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12
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Sun IO, Lerman LO. Urinary microRNA in kidney disease: utility and roles. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F785-F793. [PMID: 30759023 PMCID: PMC6580242 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00368.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides that modulate physiological and pathological processes by modulating target gene expression. Many miRNAs display tissue-specific expression patterns, the dysregulation of which has been associated with various disease states, including kidney disease. Mounting evidence implicates miRNAs in various biological processes, such as cell proliferation and differentiation and cancer. Because miRNAs are relatively stable in tissue and biological fluids, particularly when carried by extracellular vesicles, changes in their levels may reflect the development of human disease. Urinary miRNAs originate from primary kidney and urinary tract cells, cells infiltrating the renal tissue and shed in the urine, or the systemic circulation. Although their validity as biomarkers for kidney disease has not been fully established, studies have been applying analysis of miRNAs in the urine in an attempt to detect and monitor acute and chronic renal diseases. Because appreciation of the significance of miRNAs in the renal field is on the rise, an understanding of miRNA pathways that regulate renal physiology and pathophysiology is becoming critically important. This review aims to summarize new data obtained in this field of research. It is hoped that new developments in the use of miRNAs as biomarkers and/or therapy will help manage and contain kidney disease in affected subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- In O Sun
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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13
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Hijmans JG, Levy M, Garcia V, Lincenberg GM, Diehl KJ, Greiner JJ, Stauffer BL, DeSouza CA. Insufficient sleep is associated with a pro-atherogenic circulating microRNA signature. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:975-982. [PMID: 31016755 DOI: 10.1113/ep087469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of the study Is habitual short sleep associated with altered circulating levels of specific inflammation- and vascular-related microRNAs? What is the main finding and its importance? Circulating levels of miR-125a, miR-126 and miR-146a were significantly lower in the short sleep compared with the normal sleep group. Altered circulating profiles of these vascular-related microRNAs have been linked to vascular inflammation, dysfunction and increased cardiovascular disease events. Sleep-related changes in these microRNAs are consistent with, and might play a role in, the aberrant vascular physiology and increased vascular risk associated with short sleep. ABSTRACT Habitual short sleep duration (<7 h night-1 ) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality attributable, in large part, to increased inflammatory burden and endothelial dysfunction. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in regulating vascular health, and circulating levels are now recognized to be sensitive and specific biomarkers of cardiovascular function, inflammation and disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether the expression of circulating miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-125a, miR-126, miR-145, miR-146a and miR-150 is disrupted in adults who habitually sleep <7 h night-1 (short sleep). These were chosen based upon their well-established links with vascular inflammation, function and, in turn, cardiovascular risk. Twenty-four adults were studied: 12 with normal nightly sleep duration (six men and six women; age, 55 ± 3 years old; sleep duration, ≥7.0 h night-1 ) and 12 with short nightly sleep duration (seven men and five women; 55 ± 2 years old; sleep duration, <7 h night-1 ), and circulating miRNA expression was assayed by RT-PCR. All subjects were non-smokers, normolipidaemic, non-medicated and free of overt cardiovascular disease. Circulating levels of miR-125a (3.07 ± 1.98 versus 7.34 ± 5.34 a.u.), miR-126 [1.28 (0.42-2.51) versus 1.78 (1.29-4.80) a.u.] and miR-146a [2.55 (1.00-4.80) versus 6.46 (1.50-11.44) a.u.] were significantly lower (∼60, 40 and 60%, respectively) in the short compared with the normal sleep group. However, there were no significant group differences in circulating levels of miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-145 and miR-150. In summary, chronic short sleep is associated with a marked reduction in circulating levels of miR-125a, miR-126 and miR-146a. Dysregulation of these miRNAs might contribute to the increased inflammatory burden and endothelial dysfunction associated with habitual insufficient sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie G Hijmans
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Ma'ayan Levy
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Vinicius Garcia
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Grace M Lincenberg
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kyle J Diehl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.,Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80262, USA.,Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.,Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80262, USA
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14
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Khoothiam K, Treerattrakoon K, Iempridee T, Luksirikul P, Dharakul T, Japrung D. Ultrasensitive detection of lung cancer-associated miRNAs by multiple primer-mediated rolling circle amplification coupled with a graphene oxide fluorescence-based (MPRCA-GO) sensor. Analyst 2019; 144:4180-4187. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00517j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MPRCA-GO sensor can detect low amount of miRNAs, which are biomarkers in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krissana Khoothiam
- Graduate Program in Immunology
- Department of Immunology
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok
| | - Kiatnida Treerattrakoon
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC)
- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)
- Pathumthani
- Thailand
| | - Tawin Iempridee
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC)
- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)
- Pathumthani
- Thailand
| | | | - Tararaj Dharakul
- Department of Immunology
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital
- Mahidol University
- Bangkok
- Thailand
| | - Deanpen Japrung
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC)
- National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)
- Pathumthani
- Thailand
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15
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The diagnostic values of circulating miRNAs for hypertension and bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180525. [PMID: 29961674 PMCID: PMC6147777 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have compared the performances of those reported miRNAs as biomarkers for hypertension in a same cohort, we aimed to comprehensively examine the performances of those reported miRNAs as biomarkers for hypertension and identify the genes and pathways targetted by these miRNAs. Serum samples were collected from patients hospitalized for hypertension in Zhongshan Hospital. Gene expressions of 25 miRNAs were compared between hypertension and normal groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the accuracy of those miRNAs as biomarkers for hypertension. miRWALK2.0 and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed to predict the target genes and pathways of selected miRNAs. A total of 164 participants were enrolled, amongst which 53 were patients with hypertension, 111 were normal population. MiR-122-5p (area under curve (AUC): 0.750), miR-199a-3p (AUC: 0.744), miR-208a-3p (AUC: 0.743), miR-423-5p (AUC: 0.740), and miR-223-5p (AUC: 0.718) showed better performance than others, and the best performance was the combination of miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p, and miR-223-3p (AUC: 0.80). Pathway analysis revealed that 94 pathways enriched with genes targetted by miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-223-5p. FoxO signaling was enriched with genes targetted by all the three miRNAs (miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p). The combination of miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-122-5p, and miR-223-3p has a good diagnostic performance for hypertension, and multitudes of possible mechanisms/pathways through which dysregulation of these miRNAs may impact risk of hypertension.
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Hijmans JG, Diehl KJ, Bammert TD, Kavlich PJ, Lincenberg GM, Greiner JJ, Stauffer BL, DeSouza CA. Association between hypertension and circulating vascular-related microRNAs. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:440-447. [PMID: 29615793 PMCID: PMC6026553 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-018-0061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) have a key role in regulating inflammation, vascular health and in turn, cardiovascular disease. Specifically, altered circulating expression of miR-17, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-126, miR-145, miR-146a, and miR-150 has been linked with the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether the circulating profile of these vascular-related miRNAs is disrupted with hypertension. Thirty sedentary, middle-aged adults were studied: 15 normotensive (10M/5F; age: 56 ± 1 year; BP: 113/71 ± 2/1 mmHg) and 15 hypertensive (10M/5F; 56 ± 2 year; 140/87 ± 2/2 mmHg). All subjects were non-obese and free of other cardiometabolic disorders. Circulating miRNAs were determined in plasma using standard RT-PCR techniques with miRNA primers of interest. Expression was normalized to exogenous C. elegans miR-39 and reported as relative expression in arbitrary units (AU). Circulating expression of miR-34a (9.18 ± 0.94 vs 5.33 ± 0.91 AU) was higher (~170%; P < 0.01) whereas the expression of miR-21 (1.32 ± 0.25 vs 2.50 ± 0.29 AU), miR-126 (0.85 ± 0.10 vs 1.74 ± 0.27 AU) and miR-146a (1.50 ± 0.20 vs 3.10 ± 0.50 AU) were markedly lower (~50%, ~55%, and ~55% respectively; P < 0.05) in the hypertensive vs normotensive groups. Moreover, circulating levels of miR-34a, miR-21, and miR-126 were significantly related to systolic blood pressure (r = 0.48, r = -0.38; r = -0.48); whereas, miR-146a was significantly related to both systolic (r = -0.58) and diastolic (r = -0.55) blood pressure. There were no significant group differences in circulating miR-17, miR-92a, miR-145, and miR-150. In summary, these results suggest that hypertension, independent of other cardiometabolic risk factors, adversely affects the circulating profile of a subset of vascular-related miRNAs that have been link to CVD risk and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie G Hijmans
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kyle J Diehl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Tyler D Bammert
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Philip J Kavlich
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Grace M Lincenberg
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, 80262, USA
- Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, 80262, USA.
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Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is among the major components of the metabolic syndrome, i.e., obesity, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia/insulin resistance. It represents a significant health problem with foremost risks for chronic cardiovascular disease and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, it is not surprising that this disorder constitutes a serious public health concern. Although multiple studies have stressed the multifactorial nature of HT, the pathogenesis remains largely unknown. However, if we want to reduce the global prevalence of HT, restrain the number of deaths (currently 9.4 million/year in the world), and alleviate the socio-economic burden, a deeper insight into the mechanisms is urgently needed in order to define new meaningful therapeutic targets. Recently, the role of epigenetics in the development of various complex diseases has attracted much attention. In the present review, we provide a critical update on the available literature and ongoing research regarding the epigenetic modifications of genes involved in several pathways of elevated blood pressure, especially those linked to the vascular epithelium. This review also focuses on the role of microRNA (miRNA) in the regulation of gene expression associated with HT and of fetal programming mediating susceptibility to HT in adulthood.
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18
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Romaine SPR, Charchar FJ, Samani NJ, Tomaszewski M. Circulating microRNAs and hypertension--from new insights into blood pressure regulation to biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2016; 27:1-7. [PMID: 26827149 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet the molecular mechanisms underpinning the development of high blood pressure remain incompletely understood. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules approximately 22 nucleotides in length that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. We highlight, through a review of recent literature, that studies on circulating microRNAs have provided novel insights into blood pressure regulation. They have also complemented tissue-based and animal-based experiments in shedding new light on our understanding of established pathways in hypertension, such as the renin-angiotensin system. Despite a number of challenges, we believe microRNAs herald particular potential in becoming effective biomarkers of target-organ damage in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P R Romaine
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied and Biomedical Sciences, Federation University Australia, Australia
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Circulating miR-765 and miR-149: potential noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for geriatric coronary artery disease patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:740301. [PMID: 25664324 PMCID: PMC4312568 DOI: 10.1155/2015/740301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating miR-765 and miR-149 as noninvasive early biomarkers for geriatric coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. A total of 69 angiographically documented CAD patients including 37 stable CAD (72.9 ± 4.2 years) and 32 unstable CAD (72.03 ± 4.3 years) and 20 healthy subjects (71.7 ± 5.2 years), matched for age, sex, smoking habit, hypertension, and diabetes, were enrolled in this study. Compared with healthy subjects, circulating miR-765 levels were increased by 2.9-fold in stable CAD and 5.8-fold in unstable CAD patients, respectively, while circulating miR-149 levels were downregulated by 3.5-fold in stable CAD and 4.2-fold in unstable CAD patients, respectively. Furthermore, plasma levels of miR-765 were found to be positively correlated with ages within control, stable, and unstable groups. The ROC curves of miR-765 and miR-149 represented significant diagnostic values with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.959, 0.972 and 0.938, 0.977 in stable CAD patients and unstable CAD patients as compared with healthy subjects, respectively. Plasma levels of miR-765 and miR-149 might be used as noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of CAD in geriatric people.
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