1
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Wang J, Tian L, Barr T, Jin L, Chen Y, Li Z, Wang G, Liu JC, Wang LS, Zhang J, Hsu D, Feng M, Caligiuri MA, Yu J. Enhanced treatment of breast cancer brain metastases with oncolytic virus expressing anti-CD47 antibody and temozolomide. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200824. [PMID: 39035202 PMCID: PMC11260018 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Limited therapeutic options are available for patients with breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM), and thus there is an urgent need for novel treatment approaches. We previously engineered an effective oncolytic herpes simplex virus 1 (oHSV) expressing a full-length anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody (mAb) with a human IgG1 scaffold (OV-αCD47-G1) that was used to treat both ovarian cancer and glioblastoma. Here, we demonstrate that the combination of OV-αCD47-G1 and temozolomide (TMZ) improve outcomes in preclinical models of BCBM. The combination of TMZ with OV-αCD47-G1 synergistically increased macrophage phagocytosis against breast tumor cells and led to greater activation of NK cell cytotoxicity. In addition, the combination of OV-αCD47-G1 with TMZ significantly prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice when compared with TMZ or OV-αCD47-G1 alone. Combination treatment with the mouse counterpart of OV-αCD47-G1, termed OV-A4-IgG2b, also enhanced mouse macrophage phagocytosis, NK cell cytotoxicity, and survival in an immunocompetent model of mice bearing BCBM compared with TMZ or OV-A4-IgG2b alone. Collectively, these results suggest that OV-αCD47-G1 combined with TMZ should be explored in patients with BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tasha Barr
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lewei Jin
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhiyao Li
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ge Wang
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jian-Chang Liu
- Center for Biomedicine and Genetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Li-Shu Wang
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - David Hsu
- Center for Biomedicine and Genetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Mingye Feng
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 91010, USA
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2
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Hunt AL, Khan I, Wu AML, Makohon-Moore SC, Hood BL, Conrads KA, Abulez T, Ogata J, Mitchell D, Gist G, Oliver J, Wei D, Chung MA, Rahman S, Bateman NW, Zhang W, Conrads TP, Steeg PS. The murine metastatic microenvironment of experimental brain metastases of breast cancer differs by host age in vivo: a proteomic study. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024; 41:229-249. [PMID: 37917186 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer in young patients is known to exhibit more aggressive biological behavior and is associated with a less favorable prognosis than the same disease in older patients, owing in part to an increased incidence of brain metastases. The mechanistic explanations behind these findings remain poorly understood. We recently reported that young mice, in comparison to older mice, developed significantly greater brain metastases in four mouse models of triple-negative and luminal B breast cancer. Here we have performed a quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis to identify proteins potentially contributing to age-related disparities in the development of breast cancer brain metastases. Using a mouse hematogenous model of brain-tropic triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231BR), we harvested subpopulations of tumor metastases, the tumor-adjacent metastatic microenvironment, and uninvolved brain tissues via laser microdissection followed by quantitative proteomic analysis using high resolution mass spectrometry to characterize differentially abundant proteins potentially contributing to age-dependent rates of brain metastasis. Pathway analysis revealed significant alterations in signaling pathways, particularly in the metastatic microenvironment, modulating tumorigenesis, metabolic processes, inflammation, and neuronal signaling. Tenascin C (TNC) was significantly elevated in all laser microdissection (LMD) enriched compartments harvested from young mice relative to older hosts, which was validated and confirmed by immunoblot analysis of whole brain lysates. Additional in vitro studies including migration and wound-healing assays demonstrated TNC as a positive regulator of tumor cell migration. These results provide important new insights regarding microenvironmental factors, including TNC, as mechanisms contributing to the increased brain cancer metastatic phenotype observed in young breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison L Hunt
- Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Inova Women's Service Line, Inova Health System, 3289 Woodburn Rd, Annandale, VA, 22042, USA
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Imran Khan
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1126, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alex M L Wu
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1126, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Zymeworks Inc, Vancouver, BC, V5T 1G4, Canada
| | - Sasha C Makohon-Moore
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Brian L Hood
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Kelly A Conrads
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Tamara Abulez
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Jonathan Ogata
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Dave Mitchell
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Glenn Gist
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Julie Oliver
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Debbie Wei
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1126, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Monika A Chung
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1126, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Samiur Rahman
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1126, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas W Bateman
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Suite 100, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
- Department of Surgery, The John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1126, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thomas P Conrads
- Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Inova Women's Service Line, Inova Health System, 3289 Woodburn Rd, Annandale, VA, 22042, USA.
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence and the Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Obstetrics, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
- Department of Surgery, The John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
| | - Patricia S Steeg
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 1126, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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3
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Ou Y, Wang M, Xu Q, Sun B, Jia Y. Small molecule agents for triple negative breast cancer: Current status and future prospects. Transl Oncol 2024; 41:101893. [PMID: 38290250 PMCID: PMC10840364 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with poor prognosis. The number of cases increased by 2.26 million in 2020, making it the most commonly diagnosed cancer type in the world. TNBCs lack hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), which limits treatment options. Currently, paclitaxel-based drugs combined with other chemotherapeutics remain the main treatment for TNBC. There is currently no consensus on the best therapeutic regimen for TNBC. However, there have been successful clinical trials exploring large-molecule monoclonal antibodies, small-molecule targeted drugs, and novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Although monoclonal antibodies have produced clinical success, their large molecular weight can limit therapeutic benefits. It is worth noting that in the past 30 years, the FDA has approved small molecule drugs for HER2-positive breast cancers. The lack of effective targets and the occurrence of drug resistance pose significant challenges in the treatment of TNBC. To improve the prognosis of TNBC, it is crucial to search for effective targets and to overcome drug resistance. This review examines the clinical efficacy, adverse effects, resistance mechanisms, and potential solutions of targeted small molecule drugs in both monotherapies and combination therapies. New therapeutic targets, including nuclear export protein 1 (XPO1) and hedgehog (Hh), are emerging as potential options for researchers and become integrated into clinical trials for TNBC. Additionally, there is growing interest in the potential of targeted protein degradation chimeras (PROTACs), degraders of rogue proteins, as a future therapy direction. This review provides potentially valuable insights with clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ou
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengchao Wang
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Xu
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Binxu Sun
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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4
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He S, Zhu Y, Chauhan S, Tavakol DN, Lee JH, Berris RBL, Xu C, Lee JH, Lee C, Cai S, McElroy S, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Tomer R, Azizi E, Xu B, Lao YH, Leong KW. Human vascular organoids with a mosaic AKT1 mutation recapitulate Proteus syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.26.577324. [PMID: 38328122 PMCID: PMC10849631 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Vascular malformation, a key clinical phenotype of Proteus syndrome, lacks effective models for pathophysiological study and drug development due to limited patient sample access. To bridge this gap, we built a human vascular organoid model replicating Proteus syndrome's vasculature. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and gene overexpression, we created induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) embodying the Proteus syndrome-specific AKTE17K point mutation for organoid generation. Our findings revealed that AKT overactivation in these organoids resulted in smaller sizes yet increased vascular connectivity, although with less stable connections. This could be due to the significant vasculogenesis induced by AKT overactivation. This phenomenon likely stems from boosted vasculogenesis triggered by AKT overactivation, leading to increased vascular sprouting. Additionally, a notable increase in dysfunctional PDGFRβ+ mural cells, impaired in matrix secretion, was observed in these AKT-overactivated organoids. The application of AKT inhibitors (ARQ092, AZD5363, or GDC0068) reversed the vascular malformations; the inhibitors' effectiveness was directly linked to reduced connectivity in the organoids. In summary, our study introduces an innovative in vitro model combining organoid technology and gene editing to explore vascular pathophysiology in Proteus syndrome. This model not only simulates Proteus syndrome vasculature but also holds potential for mimicking vasculatures of other genetically driven diseases. It represents an advance in drug development for rare diseases, historically plagued by slow progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA
| | - Yuefei Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Shradha Chauhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Jong Ha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Cong Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jounghyun H. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Center for Healthcare Innovation, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Caleb Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sarah Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Shannon McElroy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Raju Tomer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Elham Azizi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY10027, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yeh-Hsing Lao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo NY 14214, USA
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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5
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Takahashi RH, Malhi V, Liederer BM, Cho S, Deng Y, Dean B, Nugteren J, Yost E, Al-Sayah MA, Sane R, Kshirsagar S, Ma S, Musib L. The Absolute Bioavailability and Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion of Ipatasertib, a Potent and Highly Selective Protein Kinase B (Akt) Inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1332-1341. [PMID: 37524543 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ipatasertib (GDC-0068) is a potent, highly selective, small-molecule inhibitor of protein kinase B (Akt) being developed by Genentech/Roche as a single agent and in combination with other therapies for the treatment of cancers. To fully understand the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of ipatasertib in humans, an open-label study using 14C-radiolabeled ipatasertib was completed to characterize the absolute bioavailability (period 1) and mass balance and metabolite profiling (period 2). In period 1, subjects were administered a 200 mg oral dose of ipatasertib followed by an 80 μg (800 nCi) intravenous dose of [14C]-ipatasertib. In period 2, subjects received a single oral dose containing approximately 200 mg (100 μCi) [14C]-ipatasertib. In an integrated analytical strategy, accelerator mass spectrometry was applied to measure the 14C microtracer intravenous pharmacokinetics in period 1 and fully profile plasma radioactivity in period 2. The systemic plasma clearance and steady-state volume of distribution were 98.8 L/h and 2530 L, respectively. The terminal half-lives after oral and intravenous administrations were similar (26.7 and 27.4 hours, respectively) and absolute bioavailability of ipatasertib was 34.0%. After a single oral dose of [14C]-ipatasertib, 88.3% of the administered radioactivity was recovered with approximately 69.0% and 19.3% in feces and urine, respectively. Radioactivity in feces and urine was predominantly metabolites with 24.4% and 8.26% of dose as unchanged parent, respectively; indicating that ipatasertib had been extensively absorbed and hepatic metabolism was the major route of clearance. The major metabolic pathway was N-dealkylation mediated by CYP3A, and minor pathways were oxidative by cytochromes P450 and aldehyde oxidase. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The study provided definitive information regarding the absolute bioavailability and the absorption, metabolism, and excretion pathways of ipatasertib, a potent, novel, and highly selective small-molecule inhibitor of protein kinase B (Akt). An ultrasensitive radioactive counting method, accelerator mass spectrometry was successfully applied for 14C-microtracer absolute bioavailability determination and plasma metabolite profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H Takahashi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Vikram Malhi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Bianca M Liederer
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Sungjoon Cho
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Yuzhong Deng
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Brian Dean
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - James Nugteren
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Edward Yost
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Mohammad A Al-Sayah
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Rucha Sane
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Smita Kshirsagar
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Shuguang Ma
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Luna Musib
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (R.H.T., B.M.L., S.C., Y.D., B.D., S.M.), Clinical Pharmacology (V.M., R.S., S.K., L.M.), BioAnalytical Sciences (J.N.), Small Molecule Pharmaceutics (E.Y.), and Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry (M.A.A.-S.), Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
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6
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Schulz JA, Hartz AMS, Bauer B. ABCB1 and ABCG2 Regulation at the Blood-Brain Barrier: Potential New Targets to Improve Brain Drug Delivery. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:815-853. [PMID: 36973040 PMCID: PMC10441638 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The drug efflux transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 at the blood-brain barrier limit the delivery of drugs into the brain. Strategies to overcome ABCB1/ABCG2 have been largely unsuccessful, which poses a tremendous clinical problem to successfully treat central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Understanding basic transporter biology, including intracellular regulation mechanisms that control these transporters, is critical to solving this clinical problem.In this comprehensive review, we summarize current knowledge on signaling pathways that regulate ABCB1/ABCG2 at the blood-brain barrier. In Section I, we give a historical overview on blood-brain barrier research and introduce the role that ABCB1 and ABCG2 play in this context. In Section II, we summarize the most important strategies that have been tested to overcome the ABCB1/ABCG2 efflux system at the blood-brain barrier. In Section III, the main component of this review, we provide detailed information on the signaling pathways that have been identified to control ABCB1/ABCG2 at the blood-brain barrier and their potential clinical relevance. This is followed by Section IV, where we explain the clinical implications of ABCB1/ABCG2 regulation in the context of CNS disease. Lastly, in Section V, we conclude by highlighting examples of how transporter regulation could be targeted for therapeutic purposes in the clinic. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The ABCB1/ABCG2 drug efflux system at the blood-brain barrier poses a significant problem to successful drug delivery to the brain. The article reviews signaling pathways that regulate blood-brain barrier ABCB1/ABCG2 and could potentially be targeted for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Schulz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.A.S., B.B.), Sanders-Brown Center on Aging and Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine (A.M.S.H.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Anika M S Hartz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.A.S., B.B.), Sanders-Brown Center on Aging and Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine (A.M.S.H.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Björn Bauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (J.A.S., B.B.), Sanders-Brown Center on Aging and Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine (A.M.S.H.), University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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7
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Terceiro LEL, Ikeogu NM, Lima MF, Edechi CA, Nickel BE, Fischer G, Leygue E, McManus KJ, Myal Y. Navigating the Blood-Brain Barrier: Challenges and Therapeutic Strategies in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12034. [PMID: 37569410 PMCID: PMC10418424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, with metastatic BC being responsible for the highest number of deaths. A frequent site for BC metastasis is the brain. Brain metastasis derived from BC involves the cooperation of multiple genetic, epigenetic, angiogenic, and tumor-stroma interactions. Most of these interactions provide a unique opportunity for development of new therapeutic targets. Potentially targetable signaling pathways are Notch, Wnt, and the epidermal growth factor receptors signaling pathways, all of which are linked to driving BC brain metastasis (BCBM). However, a major challenge in treating brain metastasis remains the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This barrier restricts the access of unwanted molecules, cells, and targeted therapies to the brain parenchyma. Moreover, current therapies to treat brain metastases, such as stereotactic radiosurgery and whole-brain radiotherapy, have limited efficacy. Promising new drugs like phosphatase and kinase modulators, as well as BBB disruptors and immunotherapeutic strategies, have shown the potential to ease the disease in preclinical studies, but remain limited by multiple resistance mechanisms. This review summarizes some of the current understanding of the mechanisms involved in BC brain metastasis and highlights current challenges as well as opportunities in strategic designs of potentially successful future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas E. L. Terceiro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (B.E.N.); (G.F.)
| | - Nnamdi M. Ikeogu
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
| | - Matheus F. Lima
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
| | - Chidalu A. Edechi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (B.E.N.); (G.F.)
| | - Barbara E. Nickel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (B.E.N.); (G.F.)
| | - Gabor Fischer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (B.E.N.); (G.F.)
| | - Etienne Leygue
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (E.L.); (K.J.M.)
| | - Kirk J. McManus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (E.L.); (K.J.M.)
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada; (L.E.L.T.); (C.A.E.); (B.E.N.); (G.F.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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8
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Kempska J, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Grottke A, Qi M, Alawi M, Meyer F, Borgmann K, Hamester F, Eylmann K, Rossberg M, Smit DJ, Jücker M, Laakmann E, Witzel I, Schmalfeldt B, Müller V, Legler K. Impact of AKT1 on cell invasion and radiosensitivity in a triple negative breast cancer cell line developing brain metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1129682. [PMID: 37483521 PMCID: PMC10358765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1129682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The PI3K/AKT pathway is activated in 43-70% of breast cancer (BC)-patients and promotes the metastatic potential of BC cells by increasing cell proliferation, invasion and radioresistance. Therefore, AKT1-inhibition in combination with radiotherapy might be an effective treatment option for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)-patients with brain metastases. Methods The impact of AKT1-knockout (AKT1_KO) and AKT-inhibition using Ipatasertib on MDA-MB-231 BR cells was assessed using in vitro cell proliferation and migration assays. AKT1-knockout in MDA-MB-231BR cells was performed using CRISPR/Cas9. The effect of AKT1-knockout on radiosensitivity of MDA-MB-231BR cell lines was determined via colony formation assays after cell irradiation. To detect genomic variants in AKT1_KO MDA-MB-231BR cells, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed. Results Pharmacological inhibition of AKT with the pan-AKT inhibitor Ipatasertib led to a significant reduction of cell viability but did not impact cell migration. Moreover, only MDA-MB-231BR cells were sensitized following Ipatasertib-treatment. Furthermore, specific AKT1-knockout in MDA-MB-231BR showed reduced cell viability in comparison to control cells, with significant effect in one of two analyzed clones. Unexpectedly, AKT1 knockout led to increased cell migration and clonogenic potential in both AKT1_KO clones. RNAseq-analysis revealed the deregulation of CTSO, CYBB, GPR68, CEBPA, ID1, ID4, METTL15, PBX1 and PTGFRN leading to the increased cell migration, higher clonogenic survival and decreased radiosensitivity as a consequence of the AKT1 knockout in MDA-MB-231BR. Discussion Collectively, our results demonstrate that Ipatasertib leads to radiosensitization and reduced cell proliferation of MDA-MB-231BR. AKT1-inhibition showed altered gene expression profile leading to modified cell migration, clonogenic survival and radioresistance in MDA-MB-231BR. We conclude, that AKT1-inhibition in combination with radiotherapy contribute to novel treatment strategies for breast cancer brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kempska
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Astrid Grottke
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Minyue Qi
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malik Alawi
- Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Meyer
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radio Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radio Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabienne Hamester
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Eylmann
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maila Rossberg
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Smit
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Jücker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elena Laakmann
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabell Witzel
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karen Legler
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Farahani MK, Gharibshahian M, Rezvani A, Vaez A. Breast cancer brain metastasis: from etiology to state-of-the-art modeling. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:41. [PMID: 37386445 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00352-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, breast carcinoma is the most common form of malignancy and the main cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. The metastasis of cancer cells from the primary tumor site to other organs in the body, notably the lungs, bones, brain, and liver, is what causes breast cancer to ultimately be fatal. Brain metastases occur in as many as 30% of patients with advanced breast cancer, and the 1-year survival rate of these patients is around 20%. Many researchers have focused on brain metastasis, but due to its complexities, many aspects of this process are still relatively unclear. To develop and test novel therapies for this fatal condition, pre-clinical models are required that can mimic the biological processes involved in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM). The application of many breakthroughs in the area of tissue engineering has resulted in the development of scaffold or matrix-based culture methods that more accurately imitate the original extracellular matrix (ECM) of metastatic tumors. Furthermore, specific cell lines are now being used to create three-dimensional (3D) cultures that can be used to model metastasis. These 3D cultures satisfy the requirement for in vitro methodologies that allow for a more accurate investigation of the molecular pathways as well as a more in-depth examination of the effects of the medication being tested. In this review, we talk about the latest advances in modeling BCBM using cell lines, animals, and tissue engineering methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maliheh Gharibshahian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezvani
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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10
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Wu L, Lin Y, Gao S, Wang Y, Pan H, Wang Z, Pozzolini M, Yang F, Zhang H, Yang Y, Xiao L, Xu Y. Luteolin inhibits triple-negative breast cancer by inducing apoptosis and autophagy through SGK1-FOXO3a-BNIP3 signaling. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1200843. [PMID: 37346292 PMCID: PMC10279868 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1200843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most prominent neoplasm disorders and lacks efficacious treatments yet. Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a natural flavonoid commonly presented in plants, has been reported to delay the progression of TNBC. However, the precise mechanism is still elusive. We aimed to elucidate the inhibition and molecular regulation mechanism of luteolin on TNBC. Methods: The effects of luteolin on the biological functions of TNBC cells were first evaluated using the corresponding assays for cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, wound-healing assay, and transwell migration assay, respectively. The mechanism of luteolin on TNBC cells was then analyzed by RNA sequencing and verified by RT-qPCR, Western blot, transmission electron microscopy, etc. Finally, in vivo mouse tumor models were constructed to further confirm the effects of luteolin on TNBC. Results: Luteolin dramatically suppressed cell proliferation, invasion, and migration while favoring cell apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In TNBC cells treated with luteolin, SGK1 and AKT3 were significantly downregulated while their downstream gene BNIP3 was upregulated. According to the results of 3D modeling, the direct binding of luteolin to SGK1 was superior to that of AKT3. The inhibition of SGK1 promoted FOXO3a translocation into the nucleus and led to the transcription of BNIP3 both in vitro and in vivo, eventually facilitating the interaction between BNIP3 and apoptosis and autophagy protein. Furthermore, the upregulation of SGK1, induced by luteolin, attenuated the apoptosis and autophagy of the TNBC. Conclusion: Luteolin inhibits TNBC by inducing apoptosis and autophagy through SGK1-FOXO3a-BNIP3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yingda Lin
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Songyu Gao
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Huiji Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaozhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Marina Pozzolini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Fengling Yang
- Department of Healthcare, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Healthcare, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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11
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Bassey-Archibong BI, Rajendra Chokshi C, Aghaei N, Kieliszek AM, Tatari N, McKenna D, Singh M, Kalpana Subapanditha M, Parmar A, Mobilio D, Savage N, Lam F, Tokar T, Provias J, Lu Y, Chafe SC, Swanton C, Hynds RE, Venugopal C, Singh SK. An HLA-G/SPAG9/STAT3 axis promotes brain metastases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2205247120. [PMID: 36780531 PMCID: PMC9974476 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205247120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases (BM) are the most common brain neoplasm in adults. Current BM therapies still offer limited efficacy and reduced survival outcomes, emphasizing the need for a better understanding of the disease. Herein, we analyzed the transcriptional profile of brain metastasis initiating cells (BMICs) at two distinct stages of the brain metastatic cascade-the "premetastatic" or early stage when they first colonize the brain and the established macrometastatic stage. RNA sequencing was used to obtain the transcriptional profiles of premetastatic and macrometastatic (non-premetastatic) lung, breast, and melanoma BMICs. We identified that lung, breast, and melanoma premetastatic BMICs share a common transcriptomic signature that is distinct from their non-premetastatic counterparts. Importantly, we show that premetastatic BMICs exhibit increased expression of HLA-G, which we further demonstrate functions in an HLA-G/SPAG9/STAT3 axis to promote the establishment of brain metastatic lesions. Our findings suggest that unraveling the molecular landscape of premetastatic BMICs allows for the identification of clinically relevant targets that can possibly inform the development of preventive and/or more efficacious BM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chirayu Rajendra Chokshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Nikoo Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Agata Monika Kieliszek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Nazanin Tatari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Dillon McKenna
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Mohini Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | | | - Arun Parmar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Daniel Mobilio
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Neil Savage
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Fred Lam
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Tomas Tokar
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
- Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - John Provias
- Department of Anatomical Pathology (Neuropathology), Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, ON, L8L 2X2, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | | | - Charles Swanton
- The Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, United Kingdom
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Edward Hynds
- The Cancer Research UK (CRUK) Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London (UCL) Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, United Kingdom
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Chitra Venugopal
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Sheila Kumari Singh
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada
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12
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Venkatesham P, Ranjan N, Mudiraj A, Kuchana V, Chedupaka R, Manga V, Babu PP, Vedula RR. New class of fused [3,2-b][1,2,4]triazolothiazoles for targeting glioma in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 80:129103. [PMID: 36494051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.129103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is aggressive malignant tumor with limited therapeutic interventions. Herein we report the synthesis of fused bicyclic 1,2,4-triazolothiazoles by a one-pot multi-component approach and their activity against C6 rat and LN18 human glioma cell lines. The target compounds 2-(6-phenylthiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-2-yl) isoindoline-1,3-diones and (E)-1-phenyl-N-(6-phenylthiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-2-yl) methanimines were obtained by the reaction of 5-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with substituted phenacyl bromide, phthalic anhydride, and different aromatic aldehydes in EtOH/HCl under reflux conditions. In C6 rat glioma cell lines, compounds 4g and 6i showed good cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 8.09 and 8.74 μM, respectively, resulting in G1 and G2-M phase arrest of the cell cycle and activation of apoptosis by modulating phosphorylation of ERK and AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papisetti Venkatesham
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Nikhil Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Anwita Mudiraj
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Vinutha Kuchana
- Molecular Modeling and Medicinal Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, 500007 Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Raju Chedupaka
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Vijjulatha Manga
- Molecular Modeling and Medicinal Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, 500007 Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Phanithi Prakash Babu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
| | - Rajeswar Rao Vedula
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India.
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13
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Chen Q, Xiong J, Ma Y, Wei J, Liu C, Zhao Y. Systemic treatments for breast cancer brain metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1086821. [PMID: 36686840 PMCID: PMC9853531 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1086821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in females and BC brain metastasis (BCBM) is considered as the second most frequent brain metastasis. Although the advanced treatment has significantly prolonged the survival in BC patients, the prognosis of BCBM is still poor. The management of BCBM remains challenging. Systemic treatments are important to maintain control of central nervous system disease and improve patients' survival. BCBM medical treatment is a rapidly advancing area of research. With the emergence of new targeted drugs, more options are provided for the treatment of BM. This review features currently available BCBM treatment strategies and outlines novel drugs and ongoing clinical trials that may be available in the future. These treatment strategies are discovered to be more efficacious and potent, and present a paradigm shift in the management of BCBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cuiwei Liu
- *Correspondence: Cuiwei Liu, ; Yanxia Zhao,
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14
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Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastases represent an aggressive stage of cancer with few durable treatment options. Improved understanding of cancer biology, neoplastic reliance on oncogenic driver mutations, and complex immune system interactions have resulted in an explosion in cancer-directed therapy in the last two decades to include small molecule inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Most of these therapeutics are underexplored in patients with leptomeningeal metastases, limiting extrapolation of extracranial and even intracranial efficacy outcomes to the unique leptomeningeal space. Further confounding our interpretation of drug activity in the leptomeninges is an incomplete understanding of drug penetration through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier of the choroid plexus. Nevertheless, a number of retrospective studies and promising prospective trials provide evidence of leptomeningeal activity of several small molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitors and underscore potential areas of further therapeutic development for patients harboring leptomeningeal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Wilcox
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Adrienne A Boire
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Su Z, Zhang L, Xue S, Wang Y, Ding R. Comparison of immunotherapy combined with stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapy for patients with brain metastases: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220559. [PMID: 36874630 PMCID: PMC9979008 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in brain imaging have led to a higher incidence of brain metastases (BM) being diagnosed. Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS), systemic immunotherapy, and targeted drug therapy are commonly used for treating BM. In this study, we summarized the differences in overall survival (OS) between several treatments alone and in combination. We carried out a systematic literature search on Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Differences in OS associated with Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) alone versus targeted therapy alone and SRS + ICI or ICI alone were evaluated. This analysis was conducted on 11 studies involving 4,154 patients. The comprehensive results of fixed effect model showed that the OS of SRS + ICI group was longer than that of the ICI group (hazard ratio, 1.72; 95% CI: 1.41-2.11; P = 0.22; I 2 = 30%). The combined fixed-effect model showed that the OS time of ICI was longer than that of targeted therapy (hazard ratio, 2.09; 95% CI: 1.37-3.20; P = 0.21; I 2 = 35%). The study had a low risk of bias. In conclusion, our analysis confirmed that immunotherapy alone showed a higher OS benefit in BM patients than targeted therapy alone. The total survival time of patients with SRS combined with ICI was higher than that of patients with single ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Su
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Shaolong Xue
- Department of Oncology, West China School of Medicine, SCU, Chengdu, China
| | - Youke Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ruining Ding
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Drug Clinical Trial/GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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16
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Sun H, Xu J, Dai S, Ma Y, Sun T. Breast cancer brain metastasis: Current evidence and future directions. Cancer Med 2023; 12:1007-1024. [PMID: 35822637 PMCID: PMC9883555 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths after lung cancer. Metastasis of the central nervous system is a terrible event for breast cancer patients, affecting their survival and quality of life. Compared with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer patients, brain metastases are more likely to affect patients with triple-negative breast cancer and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. The treatment of breast cancer has improved greatly in the last two decades. However, brain metastases from breast cancer remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients with breast cancer brain metastasis have been in an inferior position due to the lack of clinical research in this field, and they are often explicitly excluded from almost all clinical trials. The occurrence and progression of brain metastases will result in severe cognitive impairment and adverse physical consequences, so we must have a good understanding of the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer brain metastasis. In this article, we have retrieved the latest literature of molecules and pathways associated with breast cancer brain metastasis, summarized common therapy strategies, and discussed the prospects and clinical implications of targeting the molecules involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongna Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junnan Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung cancer center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiwen Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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17
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Pi C, Zhao W, Zeng M, Yuan J, Shen H, Li K, Su Z, Liu Z, Wen J, Song X, Lee RJ, Wei Y, Zhao L. Anti-lung cancer effect of paclitaxel solid lipid nanoparticles delivery system with curcumin as co-loading partner in vitro and in vivo. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1878-1891. [PMID: 35748365 PMCID: PMC9246235 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2086938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to improve the therapeutic potential of a paclitaxel (PTX) and curcumin (CU) combination regimen using solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). PTX and CU were successfully co-encapsulated at a predetermined ratio in SLNs (PC-SLNs) with high encapsulation efficiency (CU: 97.6%, PTX: 95.8%), appropriate particle size (121.8 ± 1.69 nm), small PDI (0.267 ± 0.023), and negative zeta potential (–30.4 ± 1.25 mV). Compared with PTX or the combination of CU and PTX (CU + PTX), PC-SLNs can greatly reduce the dose of PTX while still achieving the same therapeutic effect on four cancer cell lines, among which the inhibitory effect on A549 lung cancer cells was the strongest. PC-SLNs improved the area under the curve (CU: 1.40-fold; PTX: 2.88-fold), prolonged the residence time (CU: 6.94-fold; PTX: 2.51-fold), and increased the half-life (CU: 5.62-fold; PTX: 6.46-fold), achieving long circulation. PC-SLNs were used to treat lung cancer in a nude mouse xenograft tumor model and the tumor suppression rate reached 78.42%, while those of PTX and (CU + PTX) were 40.53% and 51.56%, respectively. As PC-SLNs can prevent P-glycoprotein efflux, reverse MDR and downregulate the NF-κB pathway. PC-SLNs are a potential antineoplastic agent that is more effective and less toxic in treating lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China.,Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Wenmei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China.,Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Mingtang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China.,Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jiyuan Yuan
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China
| | - Hongping Shen
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China.,Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Zhilian Su
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China.,Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Zerong Liu
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Credit Pharmaceutical CO., Ltd, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, Shapingba, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China.,Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xinjie Song
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert J Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yumeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Chronic Diseases Jointly Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P. R. China
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18
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Pelargonidin inhibits vascularization and metastasis of brain gliomas by blocking the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. J Biosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00281-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Long Noncoding RNA LINC00909 Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Contributes to Osteosarcoma Tumorigenesis and Metastasis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8660965. [PMID: 36262353 PMCID: PMC9576421 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8660965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor that is highly metastatic with a high mortality rate. Although mounting evidence suggests that LINC00909 is strongly associated with the malignant progression of various tumors, the exact role of LINC00909 in OS remains unknown. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the relationship between LINC00909 and the malignant progression of OS. Methods LINC00909 expression was measured in OS cell lines and clinical specimens using RT-qPCR assays. The effects of LINC00909 on OS proliferation, invasion, and migration were calculated both in vitro and in vivo. Apart from that, bioinformatics analyses, FISH, RIP, and luciferase reporter assays were carried out to investigate the downstream target of LINC00909. Rescue experiments were also conducted to investigate the potential mechanisms of action of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Results In this study, we found that LINC00909 was highly expressed in OS cell lines and clinical specimens. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that LINC00909 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and contributes to OS tumorigenesis and metastasis. FISH, RIP, and luciferase assays indicated that miR-875-5p is a direct target of LINC00909. Moreover, HOXD9 was validated as the downstream target of miR-875-5p in a luciferase reporter assay and western blotting experiments. Rescue experiments revealed that HOXD9 reversed the effect of LV-sh-LINC00909 on OS cells by positively regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Collectively, LINC00909 induces EMT and contributes to OS tumorigenesis and metastasis through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway by binding to miR-875-5p to upregulate HOXD9 expression. Targeting the LINC00909/miR-875-5p/HOXD9 axis may have potential in treating OS.
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20
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Quan Z, Yang Y, Zheng H, Zhan Y, Luo J, Ning Y, Fan S. Clinical implications of the interaction between PD-1/PD-L1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in progression and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer 2022; 13:3434-3443. [PMID: 36313041 PMCID: PMC9608206 DOI: 10.7150/jca.77619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of immune checkpoints has been well known to provide novel clues for cancer treatments. Immunotherapy against the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) /programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1), one of the most popular auxiliary treatments in recent years, has been applied in various tumor treatments, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, inevitable issues such as side effects and drug resistance emerge following the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may participate in the regulation of PD-L1 expression. Abnormal PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation results in increased PD-L1 protein translation, whereas PD-L1 overexpression can activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inversely. Via downstream proteins, including 4E-BP1, STAT3, NF-κB, c-MYC, and AMPK in aberrant energy status, the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway can regulate PD-L1 post-transcription and translation. Besides, the regulation of the PI3K pathway by the PD-1/PD-L1 axis involves both tumor cells and the tumor immune microenvironment. Inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 have been successfully applied in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer and breast cancer. Meanwhile, drug resistance from alternative pathway activation also evidently affects clinical progress. To achieve a better therapeutic effect and quality of survival, the combination of multiple treatment modalities presents great research value. Here we reviewed the interaction between PD-1/PD-L1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the progression and treatment of NSCLC and summarized its clinical implications. The intracellular interactions between PD-1/PD-L1 and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway indicate that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have a wide range of potential applications. And we presented the mechanism for combining therapy with monoclonal antibody PD-1/PD-L1 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors in this review, to broaden the therapies for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Songqing Fan
- ✉ Corresponding author: Songqing Fan, Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China. E-mail address:
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21
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Aizer AA, Lamba N, Ahluwalia MS, Aldape K, Boire A, Brastianos PK, Brown PD, Camidge DR, Chiang VL, Davies MA, Hu LS, Huang RY, Kaufmann T, Kumthekar P, Lam K, Lee EQ, Lin NU, Mehta M, Parsons M, Reardon DA, Sheehan J, Soffietti R, Tawbi H, Weller M, Wen PY. Brain metastases: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) consensus review on current management and future directions. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1613-1646. [PMID: 35762249 PMCID: PMC9527527 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases occur commonly in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Yet, less is known about brain metastases than cancer-related entities of similar incidence. Advances in oncologic care have heightened the importance of intracranial management. Here, in this consensus review supported by the Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO), we review the landscape of brain metastases with particular attention to management approaches and ongoing efforts with potential to shape future paradigms of care. Each coauthor carried an area of expertise within the field of brain metastases and initially composed, edited, or reviewed their specific subsection of interest. After each subsection was accordingly written, multiple drafts of the manuscript were circulated to the entire list of authors for group discussion and feedback. The hope is that the these consensus guidelines will accelerate progress in the understanding and management of patients with brain metastases, and highlight key areas in need of further exploration that will lead to dedicated trials and other research investigations designed to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayal A Aizer
- Corresponding Author: Dr. Ayal A. Aizer, MD/MHS, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA ()
| | | | | | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Adrienne Boire
- Department of Neurology, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Priscilla K Brastianos
- Departments of Neuro-Oncology and Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul D Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - D Ross Camidge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Veronica L Chiang
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiation Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael A Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leland S Hu
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Raymond Y Huang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Priya Kumthekar
- Department of Neurology at The Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University and The Malnati Brain Tumor Institute at the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Keng Lam
- Department of Neurology, Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eudocia Q Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nancy U Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Minesh Mehta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Parsons
- Departments of Oncology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Reardon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason Sheehan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Hussein Tawbi
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Zhu L, Yang F, Wang G, Li Q. CXC Motif Chemokine Receptor Type 4 Disrupts Blood-Brain Barrier and Promotes Brain Metastasis Through Activation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway in Lung Cancer. World Neurosurg 2022; 166:e369-e381. [PMID: 35817351 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CXC motif chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an indispensable factor in the process of lung cancer brain metastasis (LCBM). The PI3K/AKT signal pathway is crucial in affecting cell invasion and metastasis and serves as a pivotal regulator in LCBM. However, the relationship between CXCR4 and the PI3K/AKT signal pathway is unclear. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of CXCR4 and PI3K/AKT in LCBM. METHODS Two lung cancer cells (A549 and H1299) and cells transfected with short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-CXCR4 were cocultured with normal human astrocyte cells and human brain endothelial (hCMEC/D3) cells to establish a blood-brain barrier model in vitro. The proliferation, migration, and invasion tight junction proteins (claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1) were examined. Finally, results were verified in a nude mice model. RESULTS The abilities of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly reduced in A549 and H1299 cells transfected with shRNA-CXCR4 compared with the negative control group. The proteins phosphorylated PI3K and phosphorylated AKT were downregulated in lung cancer cells transfected with shRNA-CXCR4. The proteins claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1 were upregulated in the A549 and H1299 cells transfected with shRNA-CXCR4. In vivo experiment results confirmed that the knockdown of CXCR4 played a protective role in the process of LCBM. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that CXCR4 promotes LCBM by regulating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway. We also demonstrated that inhibiting CXCR4 could lead to prevention of LCBM. This study provides further rationale for clinical therapy that targets CXCR4/PI3K/AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fugui Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangxue Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinchuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang Y, Li C, Xia C, Wah To KK, Guo Z, Ren C, Wen L, Wang F, Fu L, Liao N. Adagrasib, a KRAS G12C inhibitor, reverses the multidrug resistance mediated by ABCB1 in vitro and in vivo. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:142. [PMID: 36104708 PMCID: PMC9472360 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a complex phenomenon that frequently leads to chemotherapy failure during cancer treatment. The overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters represents the major mechanism contributing to MDR. To date, no effective MDR modulator has been applied in clinic. Adagrasib (MRTX849), a specific inhibitor targeting KRAS G12C mutant, is currently under investigation in clinical trials for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study focused on investigating the circumvention of MDR by MRTX849.
Methods
The cytotoxicity and MDR reversal effect of MRTX849 were assessed by MTT assay. Drug accumulation and drug efflux were evaluated by flow cytometry. The MDR reversal by MRTX849 in vivo was investigated in two ABCB1-overexpressing tumor xenograft models in nude mice. The interaction between MRTX849 and ABCB1 substrate binding sites was studied by the [125I]-IAAP-photoaffinity labeling assay. The vanadate-sensitive ATPase assay was performed to identify whether MRTX849 would change ABCB1 ATPase activity. The effect of MRTX849 on expression of ABCB1 and PI3K/AKT signaling molecules was examined by flow cytometry, Western blot and Quantitative Real-time PCR analyses.
Results
MRTX849 was shown to enhance the anticancer efficacy of ABCB1 substrate drugs in the transporter-overexpressing cells both in vitro and in vivo. The MDR reversal effect was specific against ABCB1 because no similar effect was observed in the parental sensitive cells or in ABCG2-mediated MDR cells. Mechanistically, MRTX849 increased the cellular accumulation of ABCB1 substrates including doxorubicin (Dox) and rhodamine 123 (Rho123) in ABCB1-overexpressing MDR cells by suppressing ABCB1 efflux activity. Additionally, MRTX849 stimulated ABCB1 ATPase activity and competed with [125I]-IAAP for photolabeling of ABCB1 in a concentration-dependent manner. However, MRTX849 did not alter ABCB1 expression or phosphorylation of AKT/ERK at the effective MDR reversal drug concentrations.
Conclusions
In summary, MRTX849 was found to overcome ABCB1-mediated MDR both in vitro and in vivo by specifically attenuating ABCB1 efflux activity in drug-resistant cancer cells. Further studies are warranted to translate the combination of MRTX849 and conventional chemotherapy to clinical application for circumvention of MDR.
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Zhu K, Wu Y, He P, Fan Y, Zhong X, Zheng H, Luo T. PI3K/AKT/mTOR-Targeted Therapy for Breast Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:2508. [PMID: 36010585 PMCID: PMC9406657 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (PAM) pathways play important roles in breast tumorigenesis and confer worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. The inhibitors targeting three key nodes of these pathways, PI3K, AKT and mTOR, are continuously developed. For breast cancer patients to truly benefit from PAM pathway inhibitors, it is necessary to clarify the frequency and mechanism of abnormal alterations in the PAM pathway in different breast cancer subtypes, and further explore reliable biomarkers to identify the appropriate population for precision therapy. Some PI3K and mTOR inhibitors have been approved by regulatory authorities for the treatment of specific breast cancer patient populations, and many new-generation PI3K/mTOR inhibitors and AKT isoform inhibitors have also been shown to have good prospects for cancer therapy. This review summarizes the changes in the PAM signaling pathway in different subtypes of breast cancer, and the latest research progress about the biomarkers and clinical application of PAM-targeted inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunrui Zhu
- Breast Disease Center, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Multi-Omics Laboratory of Breast Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative, Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yanqi Wu
- Breast Disease Center, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ping He
- Breast Disease Center, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Multi-Omics Laboratory of Breast Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative, Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Multi-Omics Laboratory of Breast Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative, Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Breast Disease Center, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Multi-Omics Laboratory of Breast Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative, Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Breast Disease Center, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Multi-Omics Laboratory of Breast Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative, Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Breast Disease Center, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Multi-Omics Laboratory of Breast Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative, Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
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25
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Routh ED, Van Swearingen AED, Sambade MJ, Vensko S, McClure MB, Woodcock MG, Chai S, Cuaboy LA, Wheless A, Garrett A, Carey LA, Hoyle AP, Parker JS, Vincent BG, Anders CK. Comprehensive Analysis of the Immunogenomics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Brain Metastases From LCCC1419. Front Oncol 2022; 12:818693. [PMID: 35992833 PMCID: PMC9387304 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.818693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive variant of breast cancer that lacks the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) and HER2. Nearly 50% of patients with advanced TNBC will develop brain metastases (BrM), commonly with progressive extracranial disease. Immunotherapy has shown promise in the treatment of advanced TNBC; however, the immune contexture of BrM remains largely unknown. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of TNBC BrM and matched primary tumors to characterize the genomic and immune landscape of TNBC BrM to inform the development of immunotherapy strategies in this aggressive disease. Methods Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing were conducted on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of BrM and primary tumors of patients with clinical TNBC (n = 25, n = 9 matched pairs) from the LCCC1419 biobank at UNC—Chapel Hill. Matched blood was analyzed by DNA sequencing as a comparison for tumor WES for the identification of somatic variants. A comprehensive genomics assessment, including mutational and copy number alteration analyses, neoantigen prediction, and transcriptomic analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment were performed. Results Primary and BrM tissues were confirmed as TNBC (23/25 primaries, 16/17 BrM) by immunohistochemistry and of the basal intrinsic subtype (13/15 primaries and 16/19 BrM) by PAM50. Compared to primary tumors, BrM demonstrated a higher tumor mutational burden. TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene and was altered in 50% of the samples. Neoantigen prediction showed elevated cancer testis antigen- and endogenous retrovirus-derived MHC class I-binding peptides in both primary tumors and BrM and predicted that single-nucleotide variant (SNV)-derived peptides were significantly higher in BrM. BrM demonstrated a reduced immune gene signature expression, although a signature associated with fibroblast-associated wound healing was elevated in BrM. Metrics of T and B cell receptor diversity were also reduced in BrM. Conclusions BrM harbored higher mutational burden and SNV-derived neoantigen expression along with reduced immune gene signature expression relative to primary TNBC. Immune signatures correlated with improved survival, including T cell signatures. Further research will expand these findings to other breast cancer subtypes in the same biobank. Exploration of immunomodulatory approaches including vaccine applications and immune checkpoint inhibition to enhance anti-tumor immunity in TNBC BrM is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Routh
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Amanda E. D. Van Swearingen
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Maria J. Sambade
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Steven Vensko
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Marni B. McClure
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark G. Woodcock
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Shengjie Chai
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Luz A. Cuaboy
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Amy Wheless
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Amy Garrett
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Lisa A. Carey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Alan P. Hoyle
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Joel S. Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Benjamin G. Vincent
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Division of Hematology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Carey K. Anders
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Carey K. Anders,
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Buckingham L, Hao T, O’Donnell J, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Fan Y, Sun W, Zhang Y, Suo H, Secord AA, Zhou C, Bae-Jump V. Ipatasertib, an oral AKT inhibitor, inhibits cell proliferation and migration, and induces apoptosis in serous endometrial cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:2850-2862. [PMID: 35812065 PMCID: PMC9251705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ipatasertib (IPAT) is an orally administered, selective protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor with promising data in solid tumors in both pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. Given that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently dysregulated in uterine serous carcinoma (USC), we aimed to explore the functional impact of IPAT on anti-tumorigenic activity in USC cell lines and primary cultures of USC. We found that IPAT significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner in USC cells. Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis was observed in IPAT-treated ARK1 and SPEC-2 cells. Treatment with IPAT resulted in reduced adhesion and invasion of both cell lines with a concomitant decrease in the expression of Snail, Slug, and N-Cadherin. Compared with single-drug treatment, the combination of IPAT and paclitaxel synergistically reduced cell proliferation and increased the activity of cleaved caspase 3 in both cell lines. Additionally, IPAT inhibited growth in four of five primary USC cultures, and three of five primary cultures also exhibited synergistic growth inhibition when paclitaxel and IPAT were combined. These results support that IPAT appears to be a promising targeted agent in the treatment of USC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Buckingham
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tianran Hao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jillian O’Donnell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Yali Fan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingao Zhang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hongyan Suo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalBeijing, China
| | - Angeles Alvarez Secord
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologic, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victoria Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel Hill, NC, USA
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Mechanisms of Natural Extracts of Andrographis paniculata That Target Lipid-Dependent Cancer Pathways: A View from the Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115972. [PMID: 35682652 PMCID: PMC9181071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata is a local medicinal plant that is widely cultivated in Malaysia. It is comprised of numerous bioactive compounds that can be isolated using water, ethanol or methanol. Among these compounds, andrographolide has been found to be the major compound and it exhibits varieties of pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer properties, particularly in the lipid-dependent cancer pathway. Lipids act as crucial membrane-building elements, fuel for energy-demanding activities, signaling molecules, and regulators of several cellular functions. Studies have shown that alterations in lipid composition assist cancer cells in changing microenvironments. Thus, compounds that target the lipid pathway might serve as potential anti-cancer therapeutic agents. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of A. paniculata and its active compounds in terms of anti-cancer activity, primary mechanism of action, and cellular targets, particularly in the lipid-dependent cancer pathway.
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Alvarez-Breckenridge C, Remon J, Piña Y, Nieblas-Bedolla E, Forsyth P, Hendriks L, Brastianos PK. Emerging Systemic Treatment Perspectives on Brain Metastases: Moving Toward a Better Outlook for Patients. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2022; 42:1-19. [PMID: 35522917 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_352320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of brain metastases has historically been a dreaded, end-stage complication of systemic disease. Additionally, with the increasing effectiveness of systemic therapies that prolong life expectancy and improved imaging tools, the incidence of intracranial progression is becoming more common. Within this context, there has been increasing attention directed at understanding the molecular underpinnings of intracranial progression. Exploring the unique features of brain metastases compared with their extracranial counterparts to identify aberrant signaling pathways, which can be targeted pharmacologically, may help lead to new treatments for this patient population. Additionally, critical discoveries outside the sphere of the central nervous system are increasingly being applied to brain metastases with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibition, becoming a prevalent treatment option for patients with brain metastases across multiple histologies. As novel treatment strategies are considered, they require thoughtful incorporation of agents that can cross the blood-brain barrier and can synergize with pre-existing agents through rational combinations. Lastly, as clinicians and scientists continue to understand key molecular features of these tumors, they will continue to influence the treatment algorithms that are developing for the management of these patients. Due to the complexity of treatment decisions for patients with brain metastases, an emerging tool is the utilization of multidisciplinary brain metastasis tumor boards to ensure optimal treatment decisions are made and that patients are provided access to applicable clinical trials. Looking to the future, the collective effort to understand the various tumor-intrinsic and tumor-extrinsic factors that promote central nervous system seeding and propagation will have the potential to change the clinical trajectory for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordi Remon
- Department of Medical Oncology, HM CIOCC Barcelona (Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal), Hospital HM Delfos, HM Hospitales, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Piña
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Peter Forsyth
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Lizza Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases - GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Strickland MR, Alvarez-Breckenridge C, Gainor JF, Brastianos PK. Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Brain Metastases: Toward Unlocking Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:1199-1216. [PMID: 35394521 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BrM) is a devastating complication of solid tumors associated with poor outcomes. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of cancer, but determinants of response are incompletely understood. Given the rising incidence of BrM, improved understanding of immunobiologic principles unique to the central nervous system (CNS) and dissection of those that govern the activity of ICIs are paramount toward unlocking BrM-specific antitumor immunity. In this review, we seek to discuss the current clinical landscape of ICI activity in the CNS and CNS immunobiology, and we focus, in particular, on the role of glial cells in the CNS immune response to BrM. SIGNIFICANCE There is an urgent need to improve patient selection for and clinical activity of ICIs in patients with cancer with concomitant BrM. Increased understanding of the unique immunobiologic principles that govern response to ICIs in the CNS is critical toward identifying targets in the tumor microenvironment that may potentiate antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin F Gainor
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Du J, Gong A, Zhao X, Wang G. Pseudouridylate Synthase 7 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Invasion in Colon Cancer Through Activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:1260-1270. [PMID: 33811565 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is commonly malignant tumor. Herein, we demonstrate that pseudouridylate synthase 7 (PUS7) is closely related to colon cancer. But the biological role of PUS7 in colon cancer is not known. AIMS The present study aims to investigate the effects of PUS7 in colon cancer clinical samples and cells and the related molecular mechanism. METHODS A profile data set was downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database, which included data from colon cancer tissue samples and normal tissue samples. The top 200 differentially expressed genes were subsequently investigated by a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. RT-PCR and western blot assays were used to determine gene expression levels. CCK8 assay, colony formation experiment, transwell and flow cytometry assay were used to determine cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. RESULTS PUS7 is a key gene from the most significant module of the PPI network. PUS7 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cell lines. Moreover, PUS7 overexpression is significantly related to the poor survival rate for 60 colon cancer's patients. Cell proliferation and invasion was significantly reduced by PUS7 inhibition and promoted by PUS7 overexpression. The protein levels of cleaved caspase-3/9, c-myc, E-cadherin and vimentin genes were significantly regulated in colon cancer cells transfected with PUS7 interference or overexpression. PUS7 overexpression significantly upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that PUS7 overexpression upregulates cell proliferation, invasion and inhibits cell apoptosis of colon cancer cells via activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Du
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, 156 Wansui Street Shahekou District, Dalian City, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Aimin Gong
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, 156 Wansui Street Shahekou District, Dalian City, 116000, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Xuefeng Zhao
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, 156 Wansui Street Shahekou District, Dalian City, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guixin Wang
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, 156 Wansui Street Shahekou District, Dalian City, 116000, Liaoning Province, China
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Knier NN, Pellizzari S, Zhou J, Foster PJ, Parsyan A. Preclinical Models of Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030667. [PMID: 35327469 PMCID: PMC8945440 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Brain metastases confer extremely poor prognosis due to a lack of understanding of their specific biology, unique physiologic and anatomic features of the brain, and limited treatment strategies. A major roadblock in advancing the treatment of breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) is the scarcity of representative experimental preclinical models. Current models are predominantly based on the use of animal xenograft models with immortalized breast cancer cell lines that poorly capture the disease’s heterogeneity. Recent years have witnessed the development of patient-derived in vitro and in vivo breast cancer culturing systems that more closely recapitulate the biology from individual patients. These advances led to the development of modern patient-tissue-based experimental models for BCBM. The success of preclinical models is also based on the imaging technologies used to detect metastases. Advances in animal brain imaging, including cellular MRI and multimodality imaging, allow sensitive and specific detection of brain metastases and monitoring treatment responses. These imaging technologies, together with novel translational breast cancer models based on patient-derived cancer tissues, represent a unique opportunity to advance our understanding of brain metastases biology and develop novel treatment approaches. This review discusses the state-of-the-art knowledge in preclinical models of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha N. Knier
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (N.N.K.); (P.J.F.)
- Imaging Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Sierra Pellizzari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Paula J. Foster
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (N.N.K.); (P.J.F.)
- Imaging Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Armen Parsyan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
- London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Science Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-519-646-4831; Fax: +1-519-646-6327
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Tehranian C, Fankhauser L, Harter PN, Ratcliffe CDH, Zeiner PS, Messmer JM, Hoffmann DC, Frey K, Westphal D, Ronellenfitsch MW, Sahai E, Wick W, Karreman MA, Winkler F. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway as a preventive target in melanoma brain metastasis. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:213-225. [PMID: 34216217 PMCID: PMC8804893 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastases (BM) are a frequent complication of malignant melanoma (MM), with limited treatment options and poor survival. Prevention of BM could be more effective and better tolerated than treating established BM in various conditions. METHODS To investigate the temporospatial dynamics of PI3K/Akt/mTOR (PAM) pathway activation during BM formation and the preventive potential of its inhibition, in vivo molecular imaging with an Akt biosensor was performed, and long-term intravital multiphoton microscopy through a chronic cranial window in mice. RESULTS In vivo molecular imaging revealed invariable PAM pathway activation during the earliest steps of brain colonization. In order to perform a long-term intravascular arrest and to extravasate, circulating MM cells needed to activate their PAM pathway during this process. However, the PAM pathway was quite heterogeneously activated in established human brain metastases, and its inhibition with the brain-penetrant PAM inhibitor GNE-317 resulted in only modest therapeutic effects in mice. In contrast, giving GNE-317 in preventive schedules that included very low doses effectively reduced the growth rate and number of BM in two MM mouse models over time, and led to an overall survival benefit. Longitudinal intravital multiphoton microscopy found that the first, rate-limiting steps of BM formation-permanent intravascular arrest, extravasation, and initial perivascular growth-are most vulnerable to dual PI3K/mTOR inhibition. CONCLUSION These findings establish a key role of PAM pathway activation for critical steps of early metastatic brain colonization and reveal its pharmacological inhibition as a potent avenue to prevent the formation of clinically relevant BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Tehranian
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Fankhauser
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Edinger Institute, Institute of Neurology, University of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center DKFZ Heidelberg, Germany and German Cancer Consortium DKTK partner site, Frankfurt/Mainz Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Pia S Zeiner
- Edinger Institute, Institute of Neurology, University of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia M Messmer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk C Hoffmann
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Frey
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dana Westphal
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael W Ronellenfitsch
- Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthia A Karreman
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Sebestyén A, Dankó T, Sztankovics D, Moldvai D, Raffay R, Cervi C, Krencz I, Zsiros V, Jeney A, Petővári G. The role of metabolic ecosystem in cancer progression — metabolic plasticity and mTOR hyperactivity in tumor tissues. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 40:989-1033. [PMID: 35029792 PMCID: PMC8825419 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite advancements in cancer management, tumor relapse and metastasis are associated with poor outcomes in many cancers. Over the past decade, oncogene-driven carcinogenesis, dysregulated cellular signaling networks, dynamic changes in the tissue microenvironment, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, protein expression within regulatory pathways, and their part in tumor progression are described in several studies. However, the complexity of metabolic enzyme expression is considerably under evaluated. Alterations in cellular metabolism determine the individual phenotype and behavior of cells, which is a well-recognized hallmark of cancer progression, especially in the adaptation mechanisms underlying therapy resistance. In metabolic symbiosis, cells compete, communicate, and even feed each other, supervised by tumor cells. Metabolic reprogramming forms a unique fingerprint for each tumor tissue, depending on the cellular content and genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental alterations of the developing cancer. Based on its sensing and effector functions, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is considered the master regulator of metabolic adaptation. Moreover, mTOR kinase hyperactivity is associated with poor prognosis in various tumor types. In situ metabolic phenotyping in recent studies highlights the importance of metabolic plasticity, mTOR hyperactivity, and their role in tumor progression. In this review, we update recent developments in metabolic phenotyping of the cancer ecosystem, metabolic symbiosis, and plasticity which could provide new research directions in tumor biology. In addition, we suggest pathomorphological and analytical studies relating to metabolic alterations, mTOR activity, and their associations which are necessary to improve understanding of tumor heterogeneity and expand the therapeutic management of cancer.
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Chi F, Chen L, Jin X, He G, Liu Z, Han S. CKAP2L, transcriptionally inhibited by FOXP3, promotes breast carcinogenesis through the AKT/mTOR pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 412:113035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Yang YY, Zhang W, Liu H, Jiang JJ, Wang WJ, Jia ZY. Cell-Penetrating Peptide-Modified Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded with Rictor siRNA for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4961-4972. [PMID: 34916779 PMCID: PMC8671723 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s330059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women's life and health. Methods In this study, we proposed to use graphene nanoparticles loaded with siRNA that can silence Rictor molecules essential for the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 (mTORC2) complex to enhance gene delivery to tumor cells through modification of cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) for the treatment of breast cancer. Results Remarkably, we successfully synthesized graphene oxide (GO)/polyethyleneimine (PEI)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/CPP/small interfering RNA (siRNA) system, and the results were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra. The optimum mass ratio of siRNA to GO-PEI-PEG-CPP was 1:0.5. We screened out Rictor siRNA-2 from 9 candidates, which presented the highest inhibition rate, and this siRNA was selected for the subsequent experiments. We validated that Rictor siRNA-2 significantly reduced the Rictor expression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Confocal fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry analysis showed that GO-PEI-PEG-CPP/siRNA was able to be effectively uptake by TNBC cells. GO-PEI-PEG-CPP/siRNA improved the effect of siRNA on the inhibition of TNBC cell viability and the induction of TNBC cell apoptosis. The expression of Rictor and the phosphorylation of Akt and p70s6k were inhibited by GO-PEI-PEG-CPP/siRNA. Tumorigenicity analysis in nude mice showed that GO-PEI-PEG-CPP/siRNA significantly repressed the tumor growth of TNBC cells in vivo. The levels of ki-67 were repressed by GO-PEI-PEG-CPP/siRNA, and the apoptosis was induced by GO-PEI-PEG-CPP/siRNA in the system. Discussion Therefore, we concluded that CPP-modified GO nanoparticles loaded with Rictor siRNA significantly repressed TNBC progression by the inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. Our finding provides a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Yang
- Outpatient Comprehensive Treatment, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast I, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast I, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jie Jiang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast I, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Botou Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Yan Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Qingxian People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
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Liu H, Qiu W, Sun T, Wang L, Du C, Hu Y, Liu W, Feng F, Chen Y, Sun H. Therapeutic strtegies of glioblastoma (GBM): The current advances in the molecular targets and bioactive small molecule compounds. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 12:1781-1804. [PMID: 35847506 PMCID: PMC9279645 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common aggressive malignant tumor in brain neuroepithelial tumors and remains incurable. A variety of treatment options are currently being explored to improve patient survival, including small molecule inhibitors, viral therapies, cancer vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies. Among them, the unique advantages of small molecule inhibitors have made them a focus of attention in the drug discovery of glioblastoma. Currently, the most used chemotherapeutic agents are small molecule inhibitors that target key dysregulated signaling pathways in glioblastoma, including receptor tyrosine kinase, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, DNA damage response, TP53 and cell cycle inhibitors. This review analyzes the therapeutic benefit and clinical development of novel small molecule inhibitors discovered as promising anti-glioblastoma agents by the related targets of these major pathways. Meanwhile, the recent advances in temozolomide resistance and drug combination are also reviewed. In the last part, due to the constant clinical failure of targeted therapies, this paper reviewed the research progress of other therapeutic methods for glioblastoma, to provide patients and readers with a more comprehensive understanding of the treatment landscape of glioblastoma.
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Kieliszek AM, Aghaei N, Bassey-Archibong B, Singh SK. Low and steady wins the race: for melanoma-brain metastases, is prevention better than a cure? Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:226-228. [PMID: 34850156 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Agata M Kieliszek
- McMaster Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nikoo Aghaei
- McMaster Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sheila K Singh
- McMaster Centre for Discovery in Cancer Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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38
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Taniguchi K, Suzuki T, Okamura T, Kurita A, Nohara G, Ishii S, Kado S, Takagi A, Tsugane M, Shishido Y. Perifosine, a Bioavailable Alkylphospholipid Akt Inhibitor, Exhibits Antitumor Activity in Murine Models of Cancer Brain Metastasis Through Favorable Tumor Exposure. Front Oncol 2021; 11:754365. [PMID: 34804943 PMCID: PMC8600181 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.754365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic brain tumors are regarded as the most advanced stage of certain types of cancer; however, chemotherapy has played a limited role in the treatment of brain metastases. Here, we established murine models of brain metastasis using cell lines derived from human brain metastatic tumors, and aimed to explore the antitumor efficacy of perifosine, an orally active allosteric Akt inhibitor. We evaluated the effectiveness of perifosine by using it as a single agent in ectopic and orthotopic models created by injecting the DU 145 and NCI-H1915 cell lines into mice. Initially, the injected cells formed distant multifocal lesions in the brains of NCI-H1915 mice, making surgical resection impractical in clinical settings. We determined that perifosine could distribute into the brain and remain localized in that region for a long period. Perifosine significantly prolonged the survival of DU 145 and NCI-H1915 orthotopic brain tumor mice; additionally, complete tumor regression was observed in the NCI-H1915 model. Perifosine also elicited much stronger antitumor responses against subcutaneous NCI-H1915 growth; a similar trend of sensitivity to perifosine was also observed in the orthotopic models. Moreover, the degree of suppression of NCI-H1915 tumor growth was associated with long-term exposure to a high level of perifosine at the tumor site and the resultant blockage of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, a decrease in tumor cell proliferation, and increased apoptosis. The results presented here provide a promising approach for the future treatment of patients with metastatic brain cancers and emphasize the importance of enriching a patient population that has a higher probability of responding to perifosine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomo Suzuki
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Okamura
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Kurita
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gou Nohara
- Pharmaceutical Research & Development Department, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishii
- Pharmaceutical Research & Development Department, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kado
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Takagi
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momomi Tsugane
- Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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Wang L, Ren B, Zhuang H, Zhong Y, Nan Y. CBX2 Induces Glioma Cell Proliferation and Invasion Through the Akt/PI3K Pathway. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211045831. [PMID: 34709960 PMCID: PMC8558802 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211045831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor. Abnormal expression of CBX2 (ChromoBox2) is associated with tumorigenesis and tumor development. TCGA data in UALCAN showed that CBX2 was overexpressed in glioma tissue. To confirm the role of CBX2 in glioma, we regulated the level of CBX2 and conducted colony formation, Transwell, and CCK-8 assays to verify the effect of CBX2. The results showed that CBX2 knockdown reduced glioma cell proliferation and invasion and that the cells were less tumorigenic. CBX2 overexpression induced glioma cell proliferation and invasion and glioma stem cell self-renewal. The animal experiments showed that CBX2 knockdown inhibited glioma growth and improved survival time. CBX2 knockdown inhibited activation of the Akt/PI3K pathway. epidermal growth factor rescued the effects of CBX2. CBX2 could induce the growth and invasion of glioma cells via the Akt/PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- 117865Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Site, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingcheng Ren
- 117865Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Site, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhuang
- Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue Zhong
- 117865Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Site, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Nan
- 117865Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Site, Tianjin, China
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40
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Zeng X, Shi G, He Q, Zhu P. Screening and predicted value of potential biomarkers for breast cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20799. [PMID: 34675265 PMCID: PMC8531389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Increasing molecular targets have been discovered for breast cancer prognosis and therapy. However, there is still an urgent need to identify new biomarkers. Therefore, we evaluated biomarkers that may aid the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. We searched three mRNA microarray datasets (GSE134359, GSE31448 and GSE42568) and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing tumor and non-tumor tissues using GEO2R. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed using the DAVID database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was plotted with STRING and visualized using Cytoscape. Module analysis of the PPI network was done using MCODE. The associations between the identified genes and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using an online Kaplan-Meier tool. The redundancy analysis was conducted by DepMap. Finally, we verified the screened HUB gene at the protein level. A total of 268 DEGs were identified, which were mostly enriched in cell division, cell proliferation, and signal transduction. The PPI network comprised 236 nodes and 2132 edges. Two significant modules were identified in the PPI network. Elevated expression of the genes Discs large-associated protein 5 (DLGAP5), aurora kinase A (AURKA), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C), ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2(RRM2), kinesin family member 23(KIF23), kinesin family member 11(KIF11), non-structural maintenance of chromosome condensin 1 complex subunit G (NCAPG), ZW10 interactor (ZWINT), and denticleless E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog(DTL) are associated with poor OS of breast cancer patients. The enriched functions and pathways included cell cycle, oocyte meiosis and the p53 signaling pathway. The DEGs in breast cancer have the potential to become useful targets for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gaoli Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiankun He
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Pingping Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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41
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Breast cancer brain metastasis: insight into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:1056-1067. [PMID: 34226684 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women worldwide. Early-stage breast cancer is considered a curable disease; however, once distant metastasis occurs, the 5-year overall survival rate of patients becomes significantly reduced. There are four distinct metastatic patterns in breast cancer: bone, lung, liver and brain. Among these, breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is the leading cause of death; it is highly associated with impaired quality of life and poor prognosis due to the limited permeability of the blood-brain barrier and consequent lack of effective treatments. Although the sequence of events in BCBM is universally accepted, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, we outline progress surrounding the molecular mechanisms involved in BCBM as well as experimental methods and research models to better understand the process. We further discuss the challenges in the management of brain metastases, as well as providing an overview of current therapies and highlighting innovative research towards developing novel efficacious targeted therapies.
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42
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Comprehensive understanding of anchorage-independent survival and its implication in cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:629. [PMID: 34145217 PMCID: PMC8213763 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Detachment is the initial and critical step for cancer metastasis. Only the cells that survive from detachment can develop metastases. Following the disruption of cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, cells are exposed to a totally different chemical and mechanical environment. During which, cells inevitably suffer from multiple stresses, including loss of growth stimuli from ECM, altered mechanical force, cytoskeletal reorganization, reduced nutrient uptake, and increased reactive oxygen species generation. Here we review the impact of these stresses on the anchorage-independent survival and the underlying molecular signaling pathways. Furthermore, its implications in cancer metastasis and treatment are also discussed.
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43
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Yao D, Jiang J, Zhang H, Huang Y, Huang J, Wang J. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dual mTOR/HDAC6 inhibitors in MDA-MB-231 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 47:128204. [PMID: 34139324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The excessive activation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling promotes tumor growth and progression. We proposed that dual targeting mTOR and HDAC inhibitors is a promising strategy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. In this study, a series of dual mTOR/HDAC6 inhibitors were designed and synthesized by structure-based strategy. 10g was documented to be a potent dual mTOR/HDAC6 inhibitor with IC50 value of 133.7 nM against mTOR and 56 nM against HDAC6, presenting mediate antiproliferative activity in TNBC cells. Furthermore, we predicted the binding mode of 10g and mTOR/HDAC6 by molecule docking. In addition, 10g was documented to induce significant autophagy, apoptosis and suppress migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. Collectively, these findings revealed that 10g is a novel potent dual mTOR/HDAC6 inhibitor, which provides promising rationale for the combination of dual mTOR/HDAC6 inhibitors for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahong Yao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road 157, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, PR China
| | - Jin Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road 157, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Hualin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road 157, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Yelan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518118, PR China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road 157, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, PR China.
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road 157, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, PR China.
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Bergen ES, Scherleitner P, Ferreira P, Kiesel B, Müller C, Widhalm G, Dieckmann K, Prager G, Preusser M, Berghoff AS. Primary tumor side is associated with prognosis of colorectal cancer patients with brain metastases. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100168. [PMID: 34098230 PMCID: PMC8190486 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastases (BM) are a rare complication in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and associated with an unfavorable survival prognosis. Primary tumor side (PTS) was shown to act as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in several trials including metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients. Here, we aim to investigate whether PTS is also associated with the outcome of CRC patients with BM. Methods Patients treated for CRC BM between 1988 and 2017 at an academic care center were included. Right-sided CRC was defined as located in the appendix, cecum and ascending colon and left-sided CRC was defined as located in the descending colon, sigma and rectum. Results Two hundred and eighty-one CRC BM patients were available for this analysis with 239/281 patients (85.1%) presenting with a left-sided and 42/281 patients (14.9%) with a right-sided primary CRC. BM-free survival (BMFS) was significantly longer in left-sided compared with right-sided CRC patients (33 versus 20 months, P = 0.009). Overall survival from CRC diagnosis as well as from diagnosis of BM was significantly longer in patients with a left-sided primary (42 versus 25 months, P = 0.002 and 5 versus 4 months, P = 0.005, respectively). In a multivariate analysis including graded prognostic assessment, PTS remained significantly associated with prognosis after BM (hazard ratio 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.46-0.92 months, P = 0.0016). Conclusions PTS was associated with survival times after the rare event of BM development in CRC patients. Therefore, its prognostic value remains significant even thereafter. Primary tumor side is a relevant and independent prognostic factor in mCRC. Left-sided CRC was associated with a significantly longer BMFS compared with right-sided CRC. OS from initial diagnosis of CRC as well as from BM was significantly longer in patients with left-sided primaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Bergen
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Scherleitner
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Ferreira
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Kiesel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Müller
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Widhalm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Dieckmann
- Department of Radiooncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Prager
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Preusser
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A S Berghoff
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Rather GM, Pramono AA, Szekely Z, Bertino JR, Tedeschi PM. In cancer, all roads lead to NADPH. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 226:107864. [PMID: 33894275 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells require increased levels of NADPH for increased nucleotide synthesis and for protection from ROS. Recent studies show that increased NADPH is generated in several ways. Activated AKT phosphorylates NAD kinase (NADK), increasing its activity. NADP formed, is rapidly converted to NADPH by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzymes, overexpressed in tumor cells with mutant p53. Calmodulin, overexpressed in some cancers, also increases NADK activity. Also, in IDH1/2 mutant cancer, NADPH serves as the cofactor to generate D-2 hydroxyglutarate, an oncometabolite. The requirement of cancer cells for elevated levels of NADPH provides an opportunity to target its synthesis for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulam Mohmad Rather
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Alvinsyah Adhityo Pramono
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Research Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Zoltan Szekely
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph R Bertino
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Philip Michael Tedeschi
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Zhou BH, Tian EJ, Tian WS, Wang HW. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of low molybdenum inducing thymus atrophy and participating in immune deficiency-related diseases. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 216:112200. [PMID: 33862434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum is a trace element with extremely uneven distribution in the environment. It constitutes the active sites of molybdenum enzymes that can catalyze redox reactions in almost all organisms. In this study, a mouse model with a low molybdenum diet was established to investigate the differential protein expressions in the thymus and the mechanism of molybdenum regulating thymocyte development. Results showed that the thymus evidently atrophied, and the weight and organ index of the thymus substantially decreased under the condition of low molybdenum (P < 0.01). A total of 274 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were screened through isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification; amongst them, ribosomal proteins (38) were the most abundant. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that DEPs were mainly involved in protein metabolism (18%), nucleus (15%) and nucleic acid binding activity (17%), corresponding to biological process, cellular component and molecular function, respectively. Moreover, DEPs induced by low molybdenum were enriched in 94 pathways, of which typical maps including ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation and systemic lupus erythematosus. Flow cytometry analysis indicated the prominent imbalances of CD4+ and CD8+ cell ratios (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), suggesting the disordered development of T cell subsets. Overall, low molybdenum resulted in thymus atrophy by interfering with ribosomal protein expression and protein metabolism. This study provides a data platform for revealing the linkage between molybdenum and thymus-dependent immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Bian-Hua Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Er-Jie Tian
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Shun Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, South Korea
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China.
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Yang J, Huang H, Xiao D, Duan Y, Zheng Y, Chen Z. Knockdown of TMED3 inhibits cell viability and migration and increases apoptosis in human chordoma cells. Int J Oncol 2021; 58:15. [PMID: 33760171 PMCID: PMC7949631 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare low‑grade tumor of the axial skeleton. Over previous decades, a range of targeted drugs have been used for treating chordoma, with more specific and effective therapies under investigation. Transmembrane Emp24 protein transport domain containing 3 (TMED3) is a novel gene reported to be a regulator of oncogenesis, cancer development and metastasis; however, its role in chordoma remains unclear. In the present study, the expression of TMED3 was investigated in chordoma cells, and the effect of TMED3 knockdown on chordoma development was examined in vitro and in vivo, followed by exploration of differentially expressed proteins in TMED3‑silenced chordoma cells via an apoptosis antibody array. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blot assays were performed to determine the expression levels. It was revealed that TMED3 was highly expressed in chordoma, and that knockdown of TMED3 inhibited cell viability and migration, and enhanced the apoptosis of chordoma cells. Additionally, knockdown of TMED3 inhibited the expression of Bcl‑2, heat shock protein 27, insulin‑like growth factor (IGF)‑I, IGF‑II, IGF binding protein‑2, Livin, Akt, CDK6 and cyclin D1 proteins, whereas MAPK9 was upregulated. Furthermore, a xenograft nude mice model demonstrated that TMED3 expression promoted tumor growth. Collectively, the present findings suggested that knockdown of TMED3 inhibited cell viability and migration, and enhanced apoptosis in chordoma cells, and that TMED3 may be a novel target for chordoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518035, P.R. China
| | - Hanwen Huang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Orthopedics Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yang Duan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
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Ranjan N, Pandey V, Panigrahi MK, Klumpp L, Naumann U, Babu PP. The Tumor Suppressor MTUS1/ATIP1 Modulates Tumor Promotion in Glioma: Association with Epigenetics and DNA Repair. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061245. [PMID: 33809019 PMCID: PMC7999421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite multidisciplinary treatments, survival remains poor in glioma patients. Although novel therapeutic approaches are being explored, no outstanding effects on the survival have been achieved so far, which substantiates the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. To understand the mechanisms responsible for its high malignancy and obligatory recurrence, we examined the impact of MTUS1, a tumor-suppressor gene (TSG), coding for ATIP1, in glioma malignancy as well as how its expression might influence glioma therapy. We confirmed that in glioma cells, elevated ATIP1 expression damps tumor progression by mitigating proliferation and motility. Additionally, MTUS1/ATIP1 can be used as a biological marker to predict therapy outcomes. In glioma cell lines, glioma sphere cultures (GSC), high-grade glioma (HGG) and especially in glioma recurrence, MTUS1/ATIP1 expression is downregulated, probably by promoter hypermethylation. However, in GBM, high ATIP1 expression might interfere with radiation-therapy since elevated expression of MTUS1/ATIP1 drives double-strand break (DSB) DNA repair. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor. Resistance mechanisms in GBM present an array of challenges to understand its biology and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. We investigated the role of a TSG, MTUS1/ATIP1 in glioma. Glioma specimen, cells and low passage GBM sphere cultures (GSC) were analyzed for MTUS1/ATIP1 expression at the RNA and protein level. Methylation analyses were done by bisulfite sequencing (BSS). The consequence of chemotherapy and irradiation on ATIP1 expression and the influence of different cellular ATIP1 levels on survival was examined in vitro and in vivo. MTUS1/ATIP1 was downregulated in high-grade glioma (HGG), GSC and GBM cells and hypermethylation at the ATIP1 promoter region seems to be at least partially responsible for this downregulation. ATIP1 overexpression significantly reduced glioma progression by mitigating cell motility, proliferation and facilitate cell death. In glioma-bearing mice, elevated MTUS1/ATIP1 expression prolonged their survival. Chemotherapy, as well as irradiation, recovered ATIP1 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, ATIP1 overexpression increased irradiation-induced DNA-damage repair, resulting in radio-resistance. Our findings indicate that MTUS1/ATIP1 serves as TSG-regulating gliomagenesis, progression and therapy resistance. In HGG, higher MTUS1/ATIP1 expression might interfere with tumor irradiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Ranjan
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of General Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center Neurology, University of Tuebingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 27, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Vimal Pandey
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
| | - Manas Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Secunderabad, Telangana 500003, India
| | - Lukas Klumpp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Naumann
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of General Neurology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center Neurology, University of Tuebingen, Otfried-Mueller-Str. 27, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Phanithi Prakash Babu
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Telangana 500046, India
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Panday NK, Thakkar D, Patel S, Shard A, Sengupta P. Metabolite profiling of IMID-2, a novel anticancer molecule of piperazine derivative: In silico prediction, in vitro and in vivo metabolite characterization using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5082. [PMID: 33570183 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
IMID-2, a newly identified piperazine-based anticancer molecule, has been shown to be cytotoxic against various cancer cell lines. The primary aim of this research was to identify and characterize possible metabolites of the molecule formed during biotransformation. A metabolite identification study was first executed using an in silico tool to predict the possible metabolism sites of IMID-2. Thereafter, metabolites generated in vitro (rat liver microsomes, rat S9 fractions and human liver microsomes) and in vivo (rat plasma, urine and feces) were identified and characterized employing UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. A total of eight metabolites, among which were six in phase I and two in phase II reactions, were recognized. The plausible structure of the metabolites and probable metabolic pathway have been established based on the mass fragmentation pattern, mass ppm error, ring double bond calculation and nitrogen rule. The majority of phase I metabolites were generated by N-oxidation, hydroxylation, oxidative deamination followed by reduction, oxidative dechlorination, N-dearylation, and N-dealkylation. Glucuronidation played a significant role in the formation of phase II metabolites of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Panday
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, India
| | - Disha Thakkar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, India
| | - Sagarkumar Patel
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, India
| | - Amit Shard
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, India
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50
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Zhang B, Zeng M, Li B, Kan Y, Wang S, Cao B, Huang Y, Zheng X, Feng W. Arbutin attenuates LPS-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:153466. [PMID: 33494001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbutin (Ar) has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of Ar on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) are not clear. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ar on LPS-induced AKI in rats. METHODS The possible data regarding the effects of Ar on AKI were collected by network pharmacology research. Histological changes in the kidney and the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and kidney injury molecule 1 were measured to assess the effects of Ar on renal function in LPS-induced AKI. The levels of inflammatory were detected by live small-animal imaging, cytometric bead array and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis of primary kidney cells were detected by flow cytometry. The oxidative stress-related markers were detected by the cuvette assay. The TLR4/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 levels and apoptosis were detected by Western blot analysis. The effects of GDC-0068 (GDC, Akt inhibitor) on Ar interposed on LPS-induced NRK-52e cell apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry. RESULTS The data collected by network pharmacology suggested that Ar might inhibit AKI by exerting an anti-inflammatory effect and regulating the Akt signaling pathway. The experimental results showed that Ar markedly improved renal function, and attenuated inflammation and cell apoptosis via regulating PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway following LPS challenge in vivo, which blocked by GDC effectively in vitro. CONCLUSION In a word, this study demonstrated that Ar attenuated LPS-induced AKI by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Benke Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuxuan Kan
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bing Cao
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Weisheng Feng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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