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Gao J, Lei P, Su X, Liang J, Ren B, Ma X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ma W. In vitro pharmacokinetic behavior in lung of harringtonine, an antagonist of SARS-CoV-2 associated proteins: New insights of inhalation therapy for COVID-19. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155582. [PMID: 38608595 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that harringtonine (HT) could specifically bind with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein and host cell transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) to block membrane fusion, which is an effective antagonist for SARS-CoV-2. PURPOSE Our study focused on in-depth exploration of in vitro pharmacokinetic characteristics of HT in lung. METHODS HPLC-fluorescence detection method was used to detect changes of HT content. Incubation systems of lung microsomes for phase I metabolism and UGT incubation systems for phase II metabolism were performed to elucidate metabolites and metabolic mechanisms of HT, and then the metabolic enzyme phenotypes for HT were clarified by chemical inhibition method and recombinant enzyme method. Through metabolomics, we comprehensively evaluated the physiological dynamic changes in SD rat and human lung microsomes, and revealed the relationship between metabolomics and pharmacological activity of HT. RESULTS HPLC-fluorescence detection method showed strong specificity, high accuracy, and good stability for rapid quantification of HT. We confirmed that HT mainly underwent phase I metabolism, and the metabolites of HT in different species were all identified as 4'-demethyl HT, with metabolic pathway being hydrolysis reaction. CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 participated in HT metabolism, but as HT metabolism was not NADPH dependent, the esterase HCES1 in lung also played a role. The main KEGG pathways in SD rat and human lung microsomes were cortisol synthesis and secretion, steroid hormone biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism, respectively. The downregulated key biomarkers of 11-deoxycortisol, 21-deoxycortisol and 9(10)-EpOME suggested that HT could prevent immunosuppression and interfere with infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSION HT was mainly metabolized into 4'-demethyl HT through phase I reactions, which was mediated by CYP1A2, CYP2E1, and HCES1. The downregulation of 11-deoxycortisol, 21-deoxycortisol and 9(10)-EpOME were key ways of HT against SARS-CoV-2. Our study was of great significance for development and clinical application of HT in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Panpan Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xinyue Su
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jinna Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Bingxi Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yuxiu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Weina Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Grosshans D, Thomas R, Zhang D, Cronkite C, Thomas R, Singh S, Bronk L, Morales R, Duman J. Subcellular functions of tau mediates repair response and synaptic homeostasis in injury. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3897741. [PMID: 38464175 PMCID: PMC10925419 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3897741/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Injury responses in terminally differentiated cells such as neurons is tightly regulated by pathways aiding homeostatic maintenance. Cancer patients subjected to neuronal injury in brain radiation experience cognitive declines similar to those seen in primary neurodegenerative diseases. Numerous studies have investigated the effect of radiation in proliferating cells of the brain, yet the impact in differentiated, post-mitotic neurons, especially the structural and functional alterations remain largely elusive. We identified that microtubule-associated tau is a critical player in neuronal injury response via compartmentalized functions in both repair-centric and synaptic regulatory pathways. Ionizing radiation-induced injury acutely induces increase in phosphorylated tau in the nucleus and directly interacts with histone 2AX (H2AX), a DNA damage repair (DDR) marker. Loss of tau significantly reduced H2AX after irradiation, indicating that tau may play an important role in neuronal DDR response. We also observed that loss of tau increases eukaryotic elongation factor levels after irradiation, the latter being a positive regulator of protein translation. This cascades into a significant increase in synaptic proteins, resulting in disrupted homeostasis. Consequently, novel object recognition test showed decrease in learning and memory in tau-knockout mice after irradiation, and electroencephalographic activity showed increase in delta and theta band oscillations, often seen in dementia patients. Our findings demonstrate tau's previously undefined, multifunctional role in acute responses to injury, ranging from DDR response in the nucleus to synaptic function within a neuron. Such knowledge is vital to develop therapeutic strategies targeting neuronal injury in cognitive decline for at risk and vulnerable populations.
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Kelly JA, Dinman JD. Shiftless Is a Novel Member of the Ribosome Stress Surveillance Machinery That Has Evolved to Play a Role in Innate Immunity and Cancer Surveillance. Viruses 2023; 15:2296. [PMID: 38140537 PMCID: PMC10747187 DOI: 10.3390/v15122296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A longstanding paradox in molecular biology has centered on the question of how very long proteins are synthesized, despite numerous measurements indicating that ribosomes spontaneously shift reading frame at rates that should preclude their ability completely translate their mRNAs. Shiftless (SFL; C19orf66) was originally identified as an interferon responsive gene encoding an antiviral protein, indicating that it is part of the innate immune response. This activity is due to its ability to bind ribosomes that have been programmed by viral sequence elements to shift reading frame. Curiously, Shiftless is constitutively expressed at low levels in mammalian cells. This study examines the effects of altering Shiftless homeostasis, revealing how it may be used by higher eukaryotes to identify and remove spontaneously frameshifted ribosomes, resolving the apparent limitation on protein length. Data also indicate that Shiftless plays a novel role in the ribosome-associated quality control program. A model is proposed wherein SFL recognizes and arrests frameshifted ribosomes, and depending on SFL protein concentrations, either leads to removal of frameshifted ribosomes while leaving mRNAs intact, or to mRNA degradation. We propose that SFL be added to the growing pantheon of proteins involved in surveilling translational fidelity and controlling gene expression in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan D. Dinman
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
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Brünnert D, Seupel R, Goyal P, Bach M, Schraud H, Kirner S, Köster E, Feineis D, Bargou RC, Schlosser A, Bringmann G, Chatterjee M. Ancistrocladinium A Induces Apoptosis in Proteasome Inhibitor-Resistant Multiple Myeloma Cells: A Promising Therapeutic Agent Candidate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1181. [PMID: 37631095 PMCID: PMC10459547 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The N,C-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid ancistrocladinium A belongs to a novel class of natural products with potent antiprotozoal activity. Its effects on tumor cells, however, have not yet been explored. We demonstrate the antitumor activity of ancistrocladinium A in multiple myeloma (MM), a yet incurable blood cancer that represents a model disease for adaptation to proteotoxic stress. Viability assays showed a potent apoptosis-inducing effect of ancistrocladinium A in MM cell lines, including those with proteasome inhibitor (PI) resistance, and in primary MM cells, but not in non-malignant blood cells. Concomitant treatment with the PI carfilzomib or the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat strongly enhanced the ancistrocladinium A-induced apoptosis. Mass spectrometry with biotinylated ancistrocladinium A revealed significant enrichment of RNA-splicing-associated proteins. Affected RNA-splicing-associated pathways included genes involved in proteotoxic stress response, such as PSMB5-associated genes and the heat shock proteins HSP90 and HSP70. Furthermore, we found strong induction of ATF4 and the ATM/H2AX pathway, both of which are critically involved in the integrated cellular response following proteotoxic and oxidative stress. Taken together, our data indicate that ancistrocladinium A targets cellular stress regulation in MM and improves the therapeutic response to PIs or overcomes PI resistance, and thus may represent a promising potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Brünnert
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Translational Oncology, 97080 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.)
| | - Raina Seupel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pankaj Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Kishangarh 305817, India;
| | - Matthias Bach
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Schraud
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Translational Oncology, 97080 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.)
| | - Stefanie Kirner
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Translational Oncology, 97080 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.)
| | - Eva Köster
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ralf C. Bargou
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Translational Oncology, 97080 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.)
| | - Andreas Schlosser
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manik Chatterjee
- University Hospital of Würzburg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Translational Oncology, 97080 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.)
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Ma H, Wen H, Qin Y, Wu S, Zhang G, Wu CI, Cai Q. Homo-harringtonine, highly effective against coronaviruses, is safe in treating COVID-19 by nebulization. SCIENCE CHINA LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1263-1266. [PMID: 35362917 PMCID: PMC8972673 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huajuan Ma
- Cancer Center, Clifford Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511495, China
| | - Haijun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yaoxu Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shijie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Cancer Center, Clifford Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511495, China
| | - Chung-I Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Qichun Cai
- Cancer Center, Clifford Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511495, China.
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Ren PX, Shang WJ, Yin WC, Ge H, Wang L, Zhang XL, Li BQ, Li HL, Xu YC, Xu EH, Jiang HL, Zhu LL, Zhang LK, Bai F. A multi-targeting drug design strategy for identifying potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:483-493. [PMID: 33907306 PMCID: PMC8076879 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is threatening public health, and there is no effective treatment. In this study, we have implemented a multi-targeted anti-viral drug design strategy to discover highly potent SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors, which simultaneously act on the host ribosome, viral RNA as well as RNA-dependent RNA polymerases, and nucleocapsid protein of the virus, to impair viral translation, frameshifting, replication, and assembly. Driven by this strategy, three alkaloids, including lycorine, emetine, and cephaeline, were discovered to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 with EC50 values of low nanomolar levels potently. The findings in this work demonstrate the feasibility of this multi-targeting drug design strategy and provide a rationale for designing more potent anti-virus drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Xuan Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, and Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Wei-Juan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wan-Chao Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huan Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, and Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiang-Lei Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, and Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Bing-Qian Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, and Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hong-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ye-Chun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Eric H Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hua-Liang Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, and Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li-Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Lei-Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Fang Bai
- School of Life Science and Technology, and Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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Wen HJ, Liu FL, Huang MX, Luo RH, He WB, Feng J, Chen FL, Cai QC, Ma HJ, Yang ZF, Zhou X, Shang Y, Lyu XM, Zhang DY, Xiao F, Shan H, He JX, Zheng YT, Wu CI. A proposal for clinical trials of COVID-19 treatment using homo-harringtonine. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 8:nwaa257. [PMID: 34676091 PMCID: PMC7665622 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Feng-Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Kunming National High-Level Bio-Safety Research Center for Non-Human Primates, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Ming-Xing Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Rong-Hua Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Kunming National High-Level Bio-Safety Research Center for Non-Human Primates, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Wen-Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Fang-Liang Chen
- Kunming Police Dog Base of the Ministry of Public Security, China
| | - Qi-Chun Cai
- Cancer Center, Clifford Hospital, Jinan University, China
| | - Hua-Juan Ma
- Cancer Center, Clifford Hospital, Jinan University, China
| | - Zi-Feng Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease (Guangzhou Medical University), China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, China
- Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, China
| | - You Shang
- Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, China
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xue-Mei Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Ding-Yu Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, China
- Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Hong Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
- Center for Interventional Medical, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jian-Xing He
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease (Guangzhou Medical University), China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Kunming National High-Level Bio-Safety Research Center for Non-Human Primates, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Chung-I Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, China
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