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Pan D, Guo J, Wu S, Wang H, Wang J, Wang C, Gu Y. Association of secondhand smoke exposure with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in patients with hypertension: Insights from NHANES. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1779-1786. [PMID: 38658224 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The impact of environmental chemical exposure on blood pressure (BP) is well-established. However, the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) and mortality in hypertensive patients in the general population remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS This cohort study included US adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018. All-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality outcomes were determined by associating them with the National Death Index records. Cox proportional risk models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for SHSE. The cohort included 10,760 adult participants. The mean serum cotinine level was 0.024 ng/mL. During a mean follow-up period of 76.9 months, there were 1729 deaths, including 469 cardiovascular disease deaths recorded. After adjusting for lifestyle factors, BMI, hypertension duration, medication use, and chronic disease presence, the highest SHSE was significantly associated with higher all-cause and CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that higher SHSE is significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality and CVD mortality. Further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dikang Pan
- Vascular Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Julong Guo
- Vascular Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Sensen Wu
- Vascular Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Vascular Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Cong Wang
- Vascular Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongquan Gu
- Vascular Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Okekunle AP, Asowata OJ, Danladi DK, Ogunjuyigbe AS, Akpa OM. Association of second-hand smoking with sleep quality among adults in Ibadan, Nigeria: a cross-sectional evaluation of data from the COMBAT-CVDs study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:279-289. [PMID: 38252129 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep quality (SQ) is essential in the overall well-being and quality of life, but little is known about the association of secondhand smoking (SHS) with SQ. This study assessed the relationship between SHS and SQ among adults who had never smoked in Ibadan, Nigeria. METHODS We identified 3193 respondents who had never smoked or used any form of tobacco product in the Community-based Investigation of the Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in the Ibadan and suburbs (COMBAT-CVDs) study. SHS was self-reported, SQ assessed using a sleep quality scale, and SQ scores were classified by the quartile distributions of SQ scores in this sample as good (< 7), moderate (7-13), fair (14-20), and poor (≥ 21), and logistic regression models were used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association between SHS and SQ in a two-sided test at P < 0.05. RESULTS The mean (SD) of age in this sample was 34.8 ± 15.1 years; 1621 (50.8%) were females, and 848 (26.6%) experienced SHS. The multivariable-adjusted odds by categories of SQ scores (using good SQ as reference) in the light of SHS were OR: 1.64 (95%CI 1.28, 2.12) for moderate SQ, OR: 1.88 (95%CI 1.46, 2.42) for fair SQ and OR: 2.14 (95%CI 1.66, 2.75) for poor SQ; P < 0.0001 after adjusting for relevant covariates. The sex- and age groups- stratified analyses revealed similar trends. CONCLUSION SHS is associated with higher odds of poor SQ in this study. Culturally relevant interventions for mitigating exposure to SHS might improve SQ and overall quality of life, particularly among vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
- The Postgraduate College, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Osahon Jeffery Asowata
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
| | - David Kadan Danladi
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji Samson Ogunjuyigbe
- The Postgraduate College, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria
| | - Onoja Matthew Akpa
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria.
- The Postgraduate College, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria.
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria.
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, USA.
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Lin GM, Lloyd-Jones DM, Colangelo LA, Lima JAC, Szklo M, Liu K. Association between secondhand smoke exposure and incident heart failure: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:199-207. [PMID: 38291555 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS There are no studies on the association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and incident heart failure (HF). This cohort study aimed to examine the associations of self-reported and urinary cotinine-assessed SHS exposure with incident HF. METHODS AND RESULTS This study included 5548 non-active smoking participants aged 45-84 years and free of known cardiovascular diseases and HF at baseline who self-reported SHS exposure time in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) at baseline (2000-2002). A cohort subset of 3376 non-active smoking participants underwent urinary cotinine measurements. HF events were verified by medical records or death certificates and ascertained from baseline through 2019. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used with adjustment for demographic variables, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, physical activity, tobacco pack-years and medications. During a median follow-up of 17.7 years, 353 and 196 HF events were identified in the self-report cohort and cohort subset, respectively. In the self-report cohort, compared with the SHS unexposed group (0 h/week), the highest tertile of the SHS exposed group (7-168 h/week) was not associated with incident HF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-1.00; p = 0.052). In contrast, in the cohort subset, participants with detectable urinary cotinine >7.07 ng/ml had a higher risk of incident HF than those with undetectable urinary cotinine ≤7.07 ng/ml (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.03-2.06; p = 0.034). There were no significant heterogeneities in HF risk by age, sex, race/ethnicity, or past smoking status. CONCLUSION Secondhand smoke exposure reflected by modestly increased urinary cotinine (>7.07 ng/ml) rather than self-report in non-active smokers was associated with a 40-50% higher risk of any HF event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-Min Lin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Departments of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura A Colangelo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Departments of Cardiology and Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kiang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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4
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Upadhya B, Hegde S, Tannu M, Stacey RB, Kalogeropoulos A, Schocken DD. Preventing new-onset heart failure: Intervening at stage A. Am J Prev Cardiol 2023; 16:100609. [PMID: 37876857 PMCID: PMC10590769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2023.100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) prevention is an urgent public health need with national and global implications. Stage A HF patients do not show HF symptoms or structural heart disease but are at risk of HF development. There are no unique recommendations on detecting Stage A patients. Patients in Stage A are heterogeneous; many patients have different combinations of risk factors and, therefore, have markedly different absolute risks for HF. Comprehensive strategies to prevent HF at Stage A include intensive blood pressure lowering, adequate glycemic and lipid management, and heart-healthy behaviors (adopting Life's Essential 8). First and foremost, it is imperative to improve public awareness of HF risk factors and implement healthy lifestyle choices very early. In addition, recognize the HF risk-enhancing factors, which are nontraditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors that identify individuals at high risk for HF (genetic susceptibility for HF, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, chronic inflammatory disease, sleep-disordered breathing, adverse pregnancy outcomes, radiation therapy, a history of cardiotoxic chemotherapy exposure, and COVID-19). Early use of biomarkers, imaging markers, and echocardiography (noninvasive measures of subclinical systolic and diastolic dysfunction) may enhance risk prediction among individuals without established CV disease and prevent chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy. Efforts are needed to address social determinants of HF risk for primordial HF prevention.Central illustrationPolicies developed by organizations such as the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and the American Diabetes Association to reduce CV disease events must go beyond secondary prevention and encompass primordial and primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharathi Upadhya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Manasi Tannu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R. Brandon Stacey
- Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Andreas Kalogeropoulos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Long Island, NY, USA
| | - Douglas D. Schocken
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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5
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Freeman S, Leone F, Mathew AR, Hitsman B. The Need for More Robust Clinical Prevention Approaches to Secondhand Smoke Exposure: Beyond Smoke-Free. Chest 2023; 164:1084-1086. [PMID: 37945191 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Freeman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
| | - Frank Leone
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amanda R Mathew
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, IL
| | - Brian Hitsman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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Díez-Villanueva P, Jiménez-Méndez C, López-Lluva MT, Wasniewski S, Solís J, Fernández-Friera L, Martínez-Sellés M. Heart Failure in the Elderly: the Role of Biological and Sociocultural Aspects Related to Sex. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2023; 20:321-332. [PMID: 37498496 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-023-00619-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heart failure (HF) entails poor prognosis, with high morbidity and mortality burden, particularly in elderly patients. Notably, important sex differences have been described between men and women with HF. In this regard, some biological and sociocultural aspects related to sex may play a key role in the different development and prognosis of HF in elderly men and women. RECENT FINDINGS Important differences between men and women with HF, especially in the elderly population, have been specifically addressed in recent studies. Consequently, specific differences in biological and sociocultural aspects have been found to associate differences in pathophysiology, baseline clinical profile, and prognosis according to sex. Moreover, differences in comorbidities and frailty and other geriatric conditions, frequent in elderly population with HF, have also been described. Biological and sociocultural differences related to sex are key in the different clinical presentation and prognosis of heart failure in elderly women. Further studies will be required to better understand some other underlying reasons that may differently impact prognosis in elderly patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Díez-Villanueva
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Calle Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | - Samantha Wasniewski
- Cardiac Imaging Unit, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe-CIEC, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain
- Atria Clinic, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Solís
- Atria Clinic, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades CardioVasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Fernández-Friera
- Cardiac Imaging Unit, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe-CIEC, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Camilo José Cela, Madrid, Spain
- Atria Clinic, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de enfermedades CardioVasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez-Sellés
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense and Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Okekunle AP, Asowata OJ, Fakunle AG, Akpa OM, Sarfo FS, Akpalu A, Wahab K, Obiako R, Komolafe M, Owolabi L, Osaigbovo GO, Tiwari HK, Akinyemi J, Jenkins C, Arulogun O, Ibinaiye P, Appiah L, Agunloye AM, Adeoye AM, Yaria J, Calys-Tagoe B, Uvere EO, Ogbole G, Agyekum F, Sanni TA, Amusa GA, Ogunronbi M, Olowookere S, Balogun O, Ogunmodede JA, Olalusi OV, Samuel D, Mande A, Rabiu M, Adebayo P, Sunday A, Imoh LC, Oguntade AS, Ajose A, Singh A, Adeegbe OT, Mensah Y, Fawale MB, Abdul S, Ikubor J, Tolulope A, Yahaya IS, Akisanya C, Odo CJ, Efidi R, Chukwuonye II, Shidali V, Adebowale A, Ohagwu KA, Adeleye OO, Iheonye H, Akintunde A, Olabinri E, Akpalu J, Adesina J, Onyeonoro U, Onasanya A, Arnett DK, Lackland D, Akinyemi R, Ovbiagele B, Owolabi M. Secondhand smoke exposure is independently associated with stroke among non-smoking adults in West Africa. J Neurol Sci 2022; 443:120489. [PMID: 36399928 PMCID: PMC9712270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, but little is known about the contribution of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) to stroke epidemiology among indigenous Africans. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of SHSE with stroke among indigenous Africans. METHODS We analyzed the relationship of SHSE with stroke among 2990 case-control pairs of adults who had never smoked (identified in the SIREN study) using conditional logistic regression at a two-sided P < 0.05. RESULTS Multivariable-adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval; 1.25 (1.04, 1.50; P = 0.02) revealed SHSE was positively associated with stroke independent of stroke subtypes. CONCLUSION Culturally relevant primary prevention strategies targeted at SHSE might be promising in preventing stroke among Africans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Adekunle G Fakunle
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Public Health, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Onoja Matthew Akpa
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Fred S Sarfo
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Albert Akpalu
- Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kolawole Wahab
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Reginald Obiako
- Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Lukman Owolabi
- Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Joshua Akinyemi
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Oyedunni Arulogun
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Philip Ibinaiye
- Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Lambert Appiah
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | | | - Abiodun M Adeoye
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Yaria
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Godwin Ogbole
- Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Francis Agyekum
- Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | | | | | - Olayemi Balogun
- Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Diala Samuel
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Mande
- Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Musbahu Rabiu
- Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Adeniyi Sunday
- Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Ayodipupo S Oguntade
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Big Data Institute, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Abiodun Ajose
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Arti Singh
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | | | - Yaw Mensah
- Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Joyce Ikubor
- Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria
| | | | - Isah S Yahaya
- Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Chidi J Odo
- Department of Radiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Richard Efidi
- Department of Radiology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Henry Iheonye
- Department of Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Lokoja, Nigeria
| | - Adeseye Akintunde
- Ladoke Akintola University of Technology/Teaching Hospital, Ogbomosho, Nigeria
| | | | - Josephine Akpalu
- Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Lackland
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Rufus Akinyemi
- Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Bruce Ovbiagele
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, USA
| | - Mayowa Owolabi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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8
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Fried ND, Oakes JM, Whitehead AK, Lazartigues E, Yue X, Gardner JD. Nicotine and novel tobacco products drive adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in preclinical studies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:993617. [PMID: 36277777 PMCID: PMC9582354 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.993617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The heart undergoes structural and functional changes in response to injury and hemodynamic stress known as cardiac remodeling. Cardiac remodeling often decompensates causing dysfunction and heart failure (HF). Cardiac remodeling and dysfunction are significantly associated with cigarette smoking. Although cigarette smoking has declined, the roles of nicotine and novel tobacco products (including electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco) in cardiac remodeling are unclear. In this perspective, we present evidence demonstrating maladaptive cardiac remodeling in nicotine-exposed mice undergoing hemodynamic stress with angiotensin (Ang)-II infusion and review preclinical literature linking nicotine and novel tobacco products with cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Methods Adult, male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to room air or chronic, inhaled nicotine for 8 weeks. A subset of mice was infused with Ang-II via subcutaneous osmotic mini-pumps during the final 4 weeks of exposure. Left ventricular structure and function were assessed with echocardiography. Results Chronic, inhaled nicotine abrogated Ang-II-induced thickening of the left ventricular posterior wall, leading to reduced relative wall thickness. Ang-II infusion was associated with increased left ventricular mass index in both air- and nicotine-exposed mice. Conclusions These changes suggest a phenotypic shift from concentric hypertrophy to eccentric hypertrophy in nicotine-exposed, hemodynamically-stressed mice which could drive HF pathogenesis. These findings join a growing body of animal studies demonstrating cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following nicotine and electronic cigarette exposure. Further exploration is necessary; however, clinicians and researchers should not overlook these emerging products as potential risk factors in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling and associated diseases including HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D. Fried
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Joshua M. Oakes
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Anna K. Whitehead
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Eric Lazartigues
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States,Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, New Orleans, LA, United States,Neuroscience center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States,Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care Systems, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Xinping Yue
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jason D. Gardner
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States,*Correspondence: Jason D. Gardner
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