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Rosok LM, Fifield LM, Sarma R, Keye SA, Walk AM, Khan NA. Skin Carotenoids Are Related to Cognitive Abilities among Toddlers. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)01013-7. [PMID: 39278413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotenoids are antioxidant pigments that deposit in human tissues (e.g., skin, macula, and brain) upon dietary consumption. The health implications of skin carotenoids, which reflect overall dietary carotenoid consumption, have not been adequately studied in younger populations. OBJECTIVES This work aimed to examine links between skin carotenoids and cognitive, language, and motor skills among toddlers. A secondary aim explored relationships between skin carotenoids and neurophysiologic outcomes of sensory memory [i.e., mismatch negativity (MMN)] and the functional integrity of the visual pathway [i.e., visual evoked potentials (VEPs)]. METHODS Toddlers aged 12-18 mo (n = 45) were included in a cross-sectional study. Skin carotenoids were measured with reflection spectroscopy via the Veggie Meter®. Cognitive, language, and motor skills were measured using the Bayley Scale of Infant and Toddler Development IV Screening Test (BSID-IV). MMN and VEPs were collected with an auditory oddball task and a pattern reversal task, respectively, using electroencephalography. Analyses adjusted for age, household income, highest level of parental education, and total carotenoid intake (mg/1000 kcal). RESULTS Regression modeling revealed that skin carotenoids significantly related to cognition (β = 0.24; P = 0.04) and not to any other BSID-IV subsets. Neither MMN nor VEP outcomes significantly related to skin carotenoids. CONCLUSIONS Greater skin carotenoids were selectively related to cognition, indicating that carotenoids may play a role in cognition in toddlers. Additional research is needed to understand links between skin carotenoids and specific domains of cognitive function and brain health in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Rosok
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States
| | - Lexi M Fifield
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States
| | - Rhea Sarma
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States
| | - Shelby A Keye
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States
| | - Anne M Walk
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, Unites States
| | - Naiman A Khan
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States; Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States; Beckman Institute for the Advancement of Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, Unites States.
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Pasenkiewicz-Gierula M, Hryc J, Markiewicz M. Dynamic and Energetic Aspects of Carotenoids In-and-Around Model Lipid Membranes Revealed in Molecular Modelling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8217. [PMID: 39125791 PMCID: PMC11312187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to plants, humans are unable to synthesise carotenoids and have to obtain them from diet. Carotenoids fulfil several crucial biological functions in the organism; however, due to poor solubility in water, their bioavailability from plant-based food is low. The processes of carotenoid absorption and availability in the human body have been intensively studied. The recent experimental findings concerning these processes are briefly presented in the introductory part of this review, together with a summary of such topics as carotenoid carriers, body transport and tissue delivery, to finally report on molecular-level studies of carotenoid binding by membrane receptors. The main message of the review is contained in the section describing computational investigations of carotenoid intercalation and dynamic behaviour in lipid bilayers. The relevance of these computational studies lies in showing the direct link between the microscopic behaviour of molecules and the characteristics of their macroscopic ensembles. Furthermore, studying the interactions between carotenoids and lipid bilayers, and certainly proteins, on the molecular- and atomic-level using computational methods facilitates the interpretation and explanation of their macroscopic properties and, hopefully, helps to better understand the biological functions of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pasenkiewicz-Gierula
- Department of Computational Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.H.); (M.M.)
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Cifuentes M, Vahid F, Devaux Y, Bohn T. Biomarkers of food intake and their relevance to metabolic syndrome. Food Funct 2024; 15:7271-7304. [PMID: 38904169 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00721b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) constitutes a prevalent risk factor associated with non communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. A major factor impacting the etiology of MetS is diet. Dietary patterns and several individual food constituents have been related to the risk of developing MetS or have been proposed as adjuvant treatment. However, traditional methods of dietary assessment such as 24 h recalls rely greatly on intensive user-interaction and are subject to bias. Hence, more objective methods are required for unbiased dietary assessment and efficient prevention. While it is accepted that some dietary-derived constituents in blood plasma are indicators for certain dietary patterns, these may be too unstable (such as vitamin C as a marker for fruits/vegetables) or too broad (e.g. polyphenols for plant-based diets) or reflect too short-term intake only to allow for strong associations with prolonged intake of individual food groups. In the present manuscript, commonly employed biomarkers of intake including those related to specific food items (e.g. genistein for soybean or astaxanthin and EPA for fish intake) and novel emerging ones (e.g. stable isotopes for meat intake or microRNA for plant foods) are emphasized and their suitability as biomarker for food intake discussed. Promising alternatives to plasma measures (e.g. ethyl glucuronide in hair for ethanol intake) are also emphasized. As many biomarkers (i.e. secondary plant metabolites) are not limited to dietary assessment but are also capable of regulating e.g. anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, special attention will be given to biomarkers presenting a double function to assess both dietary patterns and MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cifuentes
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
- Doctoral School in Science and Engineering, University of Luxembourg, 2, Avenue de l'Université, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Precision Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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4
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Short E, Selig JP, Felix HC, Painter J, McElfish PA, Rowland B, Ammerman AS, Bounds K, Henske J, Hudson JS, Li J, Young SG, Long CR. Healthy food delivery for type 2 diabetes management in rural clinics' patients: A comparative effectiveness randomized controlled trial protocol. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 140:107491. [PMID: 38458560 PMCID: PMC11065573 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rural populations experience a higher prevalence of both food insecurity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than metropolitan populations and face many challenges in accessing resources essential to optimal T2DM self-management. This study aims to address these challenges by delivering a T2DM-appropriate food box and recipes directly to rural participants' homes. METHODS This is a comparative effectiveness randomized controlled trial including 400 English- or Spanish-speaking rural adult participants with T2DM (HbA1c ≥6.5%) experiencing food insecurity. Participants are randomly assigned to a 3-month Healthy Food Delivery Intervention (HFDI) plus one 60-min virtual consultation with a diabetes educator or consultation only. The HFDI includes a weekly food box delivery with recipes. Data are collected at pre-intervention, 3-months (post-intervention), 9-months, and 15-months. The primary outcome is change in HbA1c, with secondary measures including diet quality (Healthy Eating Index-2015, calculated from one 24-h dietary recall at each data collection time point), cardio-metabolic risk factors (i.e., blood pressure, lipids, body mass index, glucose), and patient-centered outcomes (e.g., T2DM self-efficacy, T2DM-related distress). Process evaluation data (e.g., successful food box deliveries, diabetes educator consultation attendance, intervention satisfaction) are collected during and post-intervention (3-months). A cost-effectiveness analysis based on traditional cost per quality-adjusted life year gain thresholds will be conducted to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness between HFDI plus consultation and consultation alone. CONCLUSION Findings from this study will provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of an intervention that promotes participant adherence and improves access to healthy food. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04876053.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Short
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, 14301 FNB Parkway, Suite 100, Omaha, NE 68154, USA
| | - James P Selig
- Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 2708 S. 48(th) St., Springdale, AR 72762, USA
| | - Holly C Felix
- Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jacob Painter
- College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 2708 S. 48(th) St., Springdale, AR 72762, USA.
| | - Brett Rowland
- Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 2708 S. 48(th) St., Springdale, AR 72762, USA
| | - Alice S Ammerman
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 MLK, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kelsey Bounds
- Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 2708 S. 48(th) St., Springdale, AR 72762, USA
| | - Joseph Henske
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jonell S Hudson
- College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 N. College Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 2708 S. 48(th) St., Springdale, AR 72762, USA
| | - Sean G Young
- Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Christopher R Long
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, 14301 FNB Parkway, Suite 100, Omaha, NE 68154, USA
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5
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Ahn S, Ahn S, Jang H, Eom K, Kim YJ, Hwang JE, Chung JI, Park JY, Nam S, Choi YH, Joung H. Validation of resonance Raman spectroscopy-measured skin carotenoid status as a biomarker for fruit and vegetable intake in Korean adults. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1993-2001. [PMID: 37184085 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Blood carotenoid concentration measurement is considered the gold standard for fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake estimation; however, this method is invasive and expensive. Recently, skin carotenoid status (SCS) measured by optical sensors has been evaluated as a promising parameter for F&V intake estimation. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to validate the utility of resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS)-assessed SCS as a biomarker of F&V intake in Korean adults. We used data from 108 participants aged 20-69 years who completed SCS measurements, blood collection and 3-d dietary recordings. Serum carotenoid concentrations were quantified using HPLC, and dietary carotenoid and F&V intakes were estimated via 3-d dietary records using a carotenoid database for common Korean foods. The correlations of the SCS with serum carotenoid concentrations, dietary carotenoid intake and F&V intake were examined to assess SCS validity. SCS was positively correlated with total serum carotenoid concentration (r = 0·52, 95 % CI = 0·36, 0·64, P < 0·001), serum β-carotene concentration (r = 0·60, 95 % CI = 0·47, 0·71, P < 0·001), total carotenoid intake (r = 0·20, 95 % CI = 0·01, 0·37, P = 0·04), β-carotene intake (r = 0·30, 95 % CI = 0·11, 0·46, P = 0·002) and F&V intake (r = 0·40, 95 % CI = 0·23, 0·55, P < 0·001). These results suggest that SCS can be a valid biomarker of F&V intake in Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoeun Ahn
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmo Ahn
- Advanced Sensor Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongseok Jang
- Advanced Sensor Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunsun Eom
- Advanced Sensor Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jae Kim
- Advanced Sensor Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Hwang
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Sensor Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji In Chung
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Park
- Advanced Sensor Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghyun Nam
- Advanced Sensor Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Ho Choi
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
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6
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Madore MP, Hwang JE, Park JY, Ahn S, Joung H, Chun OK. A Narrative Review of Factors Associated with Skin Carotenoid Levels. Nutrients 2023; 15:2156. [PMID: 37432294 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite consistent evidence that greater consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) is associated with significant reductions in chronic disease morbidity and mortality, the majority of adults in the United States consume less than the amounts recommended by public health agencies. As such, there is a critical need to design and implement effective programs and policies to facilitate increases in FV consumption for the prevention of these diseases. To accomplish this, an accurate, inexpensive, and convenient method for estimating the dietary FV intake is required. A promising method for quantifying the FV intake via proxy that has gained interest in recent years is the measurement of skin carotenoid levels via spectroscopy-based devices. However, there exist certain dietary and non-dietary factors that may affect the skin carotenoid levels independently of the dietary intake of carotenoids. In order to validate the ability of this method to accurately estimate the FV intake among diverse demographics, these factors must be identified and taken into consideration. Therefore, this narrative review seeks to summarize the available research on factors that may affect the skin carotenoid levels, determine current gaps in knowledge, and provide guidance for future research efforts seeking to validate spectroscopy-measured skin carotenoid levels as a means of accurately estimating the FV intake among various populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Madore
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Jeong-Eun Hwang
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon 16678, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Park
- Device Research Center, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoeun Ahn
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ock K Chun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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7
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Carotenoids in Human SkinIn Vivo: Antioxidant and Photo-Protectant Role against External and Internal Stressors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081451. [PMID: 35892651 PMCID: PMC9394334 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant system of the human body plays a crucial role in maintaining redox homeostasis and has an important protective function. Carotenoids have pronounced antioxidant properties in the neutralization of free radicals. In human skin, carotenoids have a high concentration in the stratum corneum (SC)-the horny outermost layer of the epidermis, where they accumulate within lipid lamellae. Resonance Raman spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy are optical methods that are used to non-invasively determine the carotenoid concentration in the human SC in vivo. It was shown by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy that carotenoids support the entire antioxidant status of the human SC in vivo by neutralizing free radicals and thus, counteracting the development of oxidative stress. This review is devoted to assembling the kinetics of the carotenoids in the human SC in vivo using non-invasive optical and spectroscopic methods. Factors contributing to the changes of the carotenoid concentration in the human SC and their influence on the antioxidant status of the SC in vivo are summarized. The effect of chemotherapy on the carotenoid concentration of the SC in cancer patients is presented. A potential antioxidant-based pathomechanism of chemotherapy-induced hand-foot syndrome and a method to reduce its frequency and severity are discussed.
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Di Noia J, Gellermann W. Reply to Byker Shanks et al. Measurement of Fruit and Vegetable Intake Incorporating a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Lens. Comment on "Di Noia, J.; Gellermann, W. Use of the Spectroscopy-Based Veggie Meter ® to Objectively Assess Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Low-Income Adults. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2270". Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040811. [PMID: 35215460 PMCID: PMC8875836 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We thank Byker Shanks et al. [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Di Noia
- Department of Sociology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(973)-720-3714
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Byker Shanks C, Izumi B, Parks CA, Yaroch AL. Measurement of Fruit and Vegetable Intake Incorporating a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Lens. Comment on Di Noia, J.; Gellermann, W. Use of the Spectroscopy-Based Veggie Meter ® to Objectively Assess Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Low-Income Adults. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2270. Nutrients 2022; 14:809. [PMID: 35215459 PMCID: PMC8876407 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Disparities in fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) and diet-related diseases exist among low-income and racial/ethnic minority populations [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Byker Shanks
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE 58154, USA; (C.A.P.); (A.L.Y.)
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Betty Izumi
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University-Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA;
| | - Courtney A. Parks
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE 58154, USA; (C.A.P.); (A.L.Y.)
| | - Amy L. Yaroch
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE 58154, USA; (C.A.P.); (A.L.Y.)
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Jilcott Pitts SB, Moran NE, Wu Q, Harnack L, Craft NE, Hanchard N, Bell R, Moe SG, Johnson N, Obasohan J, Carr-Manthe PL, Laska MN. Pressure-Mediated Reflection Spectroscopy Criterion Validity as a Biomarker of Fruit and Vegetable Intake: A 2-Site Cross-Sectional Study of 4 Racial or Ethnic Groups. J Nutr 2022; 152:107-116. [PMID: 34562088 PMCID: PMC8754514 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valid biomarkers of fruit and vegetable (FV) intake are needed for field-based nutrition research. OBJECTIVES To examine criterion-related validity of pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy as a proxy measure of FV intake, using plasma carotenoids and self-reported FV and carotenoid intake as primary and secondary criterion measures, respectively. METHODS Healthy adults 18-65 y of age, self-identifying as African American/black (n = 61), Asian (n = 53), white (n = 70), or Hispanic (n = 29), in North Carolina and Minnesota were recruited. Skin carotenoids were assessed via pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy (Veggie Meter), skin melanin via spectrophotometer, and total plasma carotenoid concentration by HPLC-photodiode array detection. Self-reported carotenoid and FV intake was assessed using a semiquantitative FFQ. Relations between skin carotenoids, plasma carotenoids, FV, and carotenoid intake, with differences by race or ethnicity, age, sex, weight status, cholesterol, and melanin index, were examined by bivariate correlations and adjusted multivariate linear regressions. RESULTS The overall unadjusted correlation between skin and total plasma carotenoids was r = 0.71 and ranged from 0.64 (non-Hispanic black) to 0.80 (Hispanic). Correlations between skin carotenoids and self-reported FV intake ranged from 0.24 (non-Hispanic black) to 0.53 (non-Hispanic white), with an overall correlation of r = 0.35. In models adjusted for age, sex, racial or ethnic group, and BMI, skin carotenoids were associated with plasma carotenoids (R2 = 0.55), FV (R2 = 0.17), and carotenoid intake (R2 = 0.20). For both plasma carotenoid and FV measures, associations with skin carotenoids did not vary by race, but these relations did differ by skin melanin-those with lower melanin had a lower correlation between skin and plasma carotenoids. CONCLUSIONS Reflection spectroscopy-assessed skin carotenoids may be a reasonable alternative to measurement of plasma carotenoids, a biomarker used to approximate FV intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy E Moran
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC,
USA
| | - Lisa Harnack
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Neil Hanchard
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ronny Bell
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stacey G Moe
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nevin Johnson
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Justice Obasohan
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Pamela L Carr-Manthe
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Melissa N Laska
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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11
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Hill EB, Chen L, Bailey MT, Singh Khalsa A, Maltz R, Kelleher K, Spees CK, Zhu J, Loman BR. Facilitating a high-quality dietary pattern induces shared microbial responses linking diet quality, blood pressure, and microbial sterol metabolism in caregiver-child dyads. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2150502. [PMID: 36457073 PMCID: PMC9721422 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2150502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-resource individuals are at increased risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD), partially attributable to poor dietary patterns and dysfunctional microbiota. Dietary patterns in childhood play critical roles in physiological development and are shaped by caregivers, making caregiver-child dyads attractive targets for dietary interventions to reduce metabolic disease risk. Herein, we targeted low-resource caregiver-child dyads for a 10-week, randomized, controlled, multifaceted lifestyle intervention including: nutrition and physical activity education, produce harvesting, cooking demonstrations, nutrition counseling, and kinetic activites; to evaluate its effects on dietary patterns, CVD risk factors, and microbiome composition. Subjects in the lifestyle intervention group improved total diet quality, increased whole grain intake, decreased energy intake, and enhanced fecal elimination of the microbe-derived metabolite lithocholic acid (LCA) in contrast to control subjects. Microbiomes were highly personalized, similar within dyads, and altered by lifestyle intervention. Differential modeling of microbiome composition identified taxa associated with total diet quality, whole grain intake, and LCA elimination including recognized fiber-degrading bacteria such as Subdoligranulum, and bile acid metabolizing organisms like Bifidobacterium. Inclusion of taxa identified in diet and metabolite modeling within blood pressure models improved prediction accuracy of microbiome-blood pressure associations. Importantly, microbiota-blood pressure relationships were shared between dyads, implying shared host-microbiota responses to lifestyle intervention. Overall, these outcomes provide insight into mechanisms by which dietary interventions impact the gut-cardiovascular axis to reduce future CVD risk. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05367674.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Human Sciences and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael T. Bailey
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Primary Care Pediatrics, Center for Child Health Equity and Outcomes Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amrik Singh Khalsa
- Division of Primary Care Pediatrics, Center for Child Health Equity and Outcomes Research, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ross Maltz
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kelly Kelleher
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Colleen K. Spees
- Division of Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Department of Human Sciences and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Brett R. Loman
- Department of Animal Sciences, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Seguin-Fowler RA, Hanson KL, Marshall GA, Belarmino EH, Jilcott Pitts SB, Kolodinsky J, Sitaker M, Ammerman A. Fruit and Vegetable Intake Assessed by Repeat 24 h Recalls, but Not by A Dietary Screener, Is Associated with Skin Carotenoid Measurements in Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:980. [PMID: 33803576 PMCID: PMC8003042 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate measurement of fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is important for nutrition surveillance and evaluation of dietary interventions. We compared two tools for reporting FV intake to objective measurement of skin carotenoids among children. FV cups/day was assessed by repeated 24 h dietary recalls (24H FV) and the National Cancer Institute's All-Day Fruit and Vegetable Screener (NCI FV). Skin carotenoids were measured by repeated resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) of the palm. FV cups were regressed on RRS scores in unadjusted, field-based, and research-setting models with covariates feasible in each scenario. Data were baseline values from children aged 2-12 years in low-income households enrolled in a healthy eating randomized trial in four U.S. states (n = 177). Twenty-four-hour FV cups were associated with skin carotenoids in all models (p < 0.001) but NCI FV cups were not. Predicted RRS scores for discrete 24H FV cups provide a guide to interpretation of RRS in children (2 cups FV intake ~36,000 RRS units), with the research-setting scenario generally providing the narrowest prediction range (+/-1924). When self-reported data are required, 24 h recalls are more accurate than NCI FV screener data; and, when limited time, resources, or literacy must be considered, RRS scores can be quickly obtained and easily interpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Seguin-Fowler
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and the Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University System, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Karla L. Hanson
- Master of Public Health Program and the Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (K.L.H.); (G.A.M.)
| | - Grace A. Marshall
- Master of Public Health Program and the Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (K.L.H.); (G.A.M.)
| | - Emily H. Belarmino
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
| | | | - Jane Kolodinsky
- Community Development and Applied Economics Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;
| | | | - Alice Ammerman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
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