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Ibarra-Sanchez AS, Abelsen B, Chen G, Wisløff T. Educational patterns of health behaviors and body mass index: A longitudinal multiple correspondence analysis of a middle-aged general population, 2007-2016. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295302. [PMID: 38039296 PMCID: PMC10691680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Social differences in body mass index and health behaviors are a major public health challenge. The uneven distribution of unhealthy body mass index and of unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, physical inactivity, and harmful alcohol consumption has been shown to mediate social inequalities in chronic diseases. While differential exposures to these health variables have been investigated, the extent to which they vary over the lifetime in the same population and their relationship with level of education is not well understood. This study examines patterns of body mass index and multiple health behaviors (smoking, physical activity and alcohol consumption), and investigates their association with education level among adults living in Northern Norway. It presents findings from a longitudinal multiple correspondence analysis of the Tromsø Study. Longitudinal data from 8,906 adults aged 32-87 in 2007-2008, with repeated measurements in 2015-2016 were retrieved from the survey's sixth and seventh waves. The findings suggest that most in the study population remained in the same categories of body mass index and the three health behaviors at the follow-up, with a clear educational gradient in healthy patterns. That is, both healthy changes and maintained healthy categories were associated with the highest education levels. Estimating differential exposures to mediators of health inequalities could benefit policy priority setting for tackling inequalities in health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Birgit Abelsen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gang Chen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Torbjørn Wisløff
- Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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Liu X, Zhou H, Wei J, Li M, Luo G, Naidoo N, Zhang G, Bi Y, Gao M. An occupational health survey on health utility and occupational diseases in Chinese university staff to inform cost-utility analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1022344. [PMID: 36703839 PMCID: PMC9871467 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1022344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The occupational health of university staff bears great social and economic value for which health utility is an indivisible aspect. Utility is also the primary data for the cost-utility analysis of occupational health programs. Health utility and occupational diseases have not been reported for the university staff in China. In the light of "Healthy China," we conducted this study aiming to (1) estimate the health utility of university staff to inform cost-utility analysis and (2) screen and identify potential occupational diseases for this occupation and examine their impacts on health. Methods An occupational health survey was conducted in a sample of working-age university staff. Participants were interviewed face-to-face using the WHO Health and Work Performance Questionnaire and the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) instrument to measure health conditions and health utility, respectively. The univariate analysis included the t-test, chi-square test, and correlation techniques. Multivariate generalized linear models were applied to evaluate the significance of each health condition when controlling for other factors. Results The sample (n = 154) had a mean age of 40.65 years and consisted of slightly more women (51.30%). Participants attained a mean (standard deviation) health utility of 0.945 (0.073). The most affected domain was anxiety/depression with 62 (40.26%) participants reporting problems, followed by pain/discomfort which captured 60 (37.66%) staff with problems. Thus, pain and psychologically related conditions were prevalent. Multivariate models identified two conditions that can significantly reduce the health utility. The psychological/emotional conditions were associated with a utility loss of -0.067 (95%CI: -0.089, -0.045). The pain in body parts other than the head, neck, and back reduced the utility by -0.034 (95%CI: -0.055, -0.014). Conclusion Working-age staff in Chinese universities may have a lower health utility than the general population. Psychological conditions and musculoskeletal pain appear like occupational diseases. With the health utility data available, economic evaluation of cost-utility should follow up to facilitate the implementation of cost-effective programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China,Department of Medical Affairs, The First People's Hospital of Tai'an, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Huijun Zhou
- Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Huijun Zhou ✉
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of TCM Manipulative Orthopedics, PLA Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Guofen Luo
- Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Nasheen Naidoo
- Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Guang Zhang
- Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Bi
- I.baby Preconception Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Gao
- Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Does Regular Physical Activity Improve Personal Income? Empirical Evidence from China. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173522. [PMID: 36079780 PMCID: PMC9460796 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A lack of adequate exercise threatens human health, weakening human capital accumulation. The relationship between exercise and income has become the focus of attention in health economics. In terms of reducing body weight and improving physical fitness, diet and physical exercise are intertwined and become effective ways to shape a healthy state. Based on individual-level survey data from China, this study quantified the economic returns of habitual exercise behavior by using an endogenous switching regression model (ESRM) to eliminate selection bias. The study shows that (1) participants in the group with regular exercise behavior increased their income by 3.79% compared with those not exercising regularly; (2) for the group with no regular exercise behavior, regular exercise increased their income by 13.36% compared with those not exercising regularly. Additionally, empirical evidence shows that both drinking and smoking can significantly increase individual income, despite unhealthy habits. These results suggest that the habit of regular physical activity plays a vital role in increasing individual income and improving overall national health, and the effect of individual behavior on income is affected by national culture. The outcomes are empirical evidence for the Chinese government to promote Healthy China Action and support developing countries worldwide to enable habitual exercise, stimulating a policy of exercise behavior.
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Sugano R, Ikegami K, Eguchi H, Tsuji M, Tateishi S, Nagata T, Matsuda S, Fujino Y, Ogami A. A Cross-Sectional Study of the Relationship Between Exercise, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Japanese Workers. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:809465. [PMID: 35280221 PMCID: PMC8908011 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.809465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have determined that exercise and physical activity positively affect physical and mental health, and that healthy workers contribute to increased work performance. The relationship between the time spent on exercise during leisure time and physical activity, including work, with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in workers is unclear, with variations observed between occupational types. This cross-sectional study examined these associations among Japanese workers from various occupations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An Internet-based national health survey—Collaborative Online Research on Novel-coronavirus and Work-study (CORoNaWork study)—was conducted among 33,087 Japanese workers in December 2020. After excluding invalid responses, 27,036 participants were categorized into four and five groups according to exercise and physical activity time, respectively. Each group's scores were compared on each of the four questions on the Japanese version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Health-Related Quality of Life (CDC HRQOL-4) using generalized linear models. Age-sex adjusted and multivariate models were used to compare each index of the CDC HRQOL-4. Results Compared to the reference category (almost never), any level of exercise (ORs 0.56–0.77) and physical activity (ORs 0.93–0.88) were associated with better self-rated health in the multivariate model. Any exercise was also associated with significantly reduced odds for physically or mentally unhealthy days; however, high levels of physical activity (≥120 min/day) were associated with significantly increased odds for these outcomes (ORs = 1.11 and 1.16, respectively). Conclusions The results suggest that exercise habits are more critical to workers' HRQOL than physical activity. Interventions that encourage daily exercise even for a short time are likely to be associated with better workers' health and work performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sugano
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikegami
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hisashi Eguchi
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Tateishi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagata
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsuda
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akira Ogami
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Akira Ogami
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Hunter JR, Meiring RM, Cripps A, Suppiah HT, Vicendese D, Kingsley MI, Gordon BA. Relationships between Physical Activity, Work Ability, Absenteeism and Presenteeism in Australian and New Zealand Adults during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12563. [PMID: 34886290 PMCID: PMC8657020 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Public health movement and social restrictions imposed by the Australian and New Zealand governments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the working environment and may have affected health behaviours, work ability, and job performance. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between health behaviours and work ability and performance during COVID-19 restrictions and if health behaviours were related to demographic or population factors. A cross-sectional survey was used to gather responses from 433 adult employees in Australia and New Zealand between June and August 2020. The survey requested demographic information and used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Work Ability Index, and the World Health Organisation's Health and Work Performance Questionnaire. Multivariate regression models were used to explore relationships between the identified variables while controlling for several possible confounders. Being sufficiently physically active was associated with higher reported physical (aOR = 2.1; p = 0.001) and mental work abilities (aOR = 1.8; p = 0.007) and self-reported job performance (i.e., lower presenteeism) (median +7.42%; p = 0.03). Part-time employees were 56% less likely (p = 0.002) to report a good or very good mental work ability. Those with existing medical conditions were 14% less likely (p = 0.008) to be sufficiently active and 80% less likely (p = 0.002) to report rather good or very good physical work ability. Being sufficiently active was associated with higher physical and mental work abilities and better job performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Employers should support opportunities for regular physical activity and provide specific support to individuals with medical conditions or in part-time employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayden R. Hunter
- Holsworth Research Initiative, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo 3552, Australia; (M.I.K.); (B.A.G.)
| | - Rebecca M. Meiring
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
- Movement Physiology Research Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Ashley Cripps
- School of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle 6160, Australia;
| | - Haresh T. Suppiah
- Sport and Exercise Science, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia;
| | - Don Vicendese
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia;
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton 3053, Australia
| | - Michael I. Kingsley
- Holsworth Research Initiative, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo 3552, Australia; (M.I.K.); (B.A.G.)
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Brett A. Gordon
- Holsworth Research Initiative, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo 3552, Australia; (M.I.K.); (B.A.G.)
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Koohsari MJ, Yasunaga A, McCormack GR, Shibata A, Ishii K, Nakaya T, Oka K. Domain-Specific Active and Sedentary Behaviors in Relation to Workers' Presenteeism and Absenteeism. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e685-e688. [PMID: 34310542 PMCID: PMC8478307 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the associations between domain-specific sedentary and active behaviors and workers' presenteeism and absenteeism in a sample of company employees. METHODS This study recruited participants (n = 2466) from a nationwide online survey database (Japan, 2019). Participants completed a questionnaire that captured data on relative and absolute presenteeism and absenteeism and domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviors. RESULTS Daily minutes of work-related physical activity were negatively associated with relative absenteeism. Daily minutes of leisure-related physical activity were positively associated with absolute presenteeism (ie, better productivity). Daily minutes of total physical activity were negatively and positively associated with relative absenteeism and absolute presenteeism (ie, better productivity). There was also a positive association between car sitting time and absolute absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS A change in work culture and practices that support active behaviors at work and outside of work may improve employee's productivity indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan (Dr Koohsari, Dr McCormack, Dr Ishii, and Dr Oka); Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia (Dr Koohsari); Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Bunka Gakuen University, Japan (Dr Yasunaga); Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada (Dr McCormack); Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada (Dr McCormack); School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, University of Calgary, Canada (Dr McCormack); Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan (Dr Shibata); Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Japan (Dr Nakaya)
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Marzuca-Nassr GN, Soto-Rodríguez FJ, Bascour-Sandoval C, Cofré-Obando V, Hermosilla C, Sepúlveda P, Muñoz-Poblete C. Influence of age on functional capacity and work ability in Chilean workers: a cross-sectional study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:1307-1315. [PMID: 33730207 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if there are differences in functional capacity and work ability between older and younger active workers in public institutions, and to relate functional capacity to work ability. METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluated 360 subjects from two public institutions, a university and a high-complexity regional hospital. The participants were divided into 3 age ranges 40-49, 50-59 and ≥ 60 years. The following evaluations were applied: a multidimensional assessment questionnaire, work ability and functional capacity using physical tests (strength, flexibility and balance). RESULTS There are no significant differences in work ability among the different age groups (P > 0.05). Significant differences were found according to age group in 30-s chair-stand test (30-s CST), 1 repetition maximum (1RM) extending the knee 90° (1RM-leg extension) and 1RM of handgrip strength (1RM-handgrip), upper body flexibility, lower body flexibility, static balance or dynamic balance (P < 0.05). Only the variables 30-s CST (rs = 0.13, P = 0.018), lower body flexibility (rs = 0.13, P = 0.012) and static balance (rs = 0.13, P = 0.012) were related to work ability. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in functional capacity as the workers' ages increase. By contrast, work ability does not present any differences when comparing older and younger adults. Some physical tests of the lower extremities presented a small correlation with work ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Javier Soto-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile.,Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
| | - Claudio Bascour-Sandoval
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Víctor Cofré-Obando
- Evaluador Sujetos Proyecto IST-UFRO 2017-2020, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Cristóbal Hermosilla
- Carrera de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pablo Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Jackson-Koku G. In this issue of Occupational Medicine. Occup Med (Lond) 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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