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Vázquez-Coto D, Albaiceta GM, Amado-Rodríguez L, Clemente MG, Cuesta-Llavona E, Gómez J, Coto E. Common mitochondrial haplogroups as modifiers of the onset-age for critical COVID-19. Mitochondrion 2022; 67:1-5. [PMID: 36115538 PMCID: PMC9474411 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As a key regulator of innate immunity, mitochondrial function is essential to maintain antiviral activities. Common mitochondrial DNA variants (haplogroups) have been associated with different physiological capacities and the nrisk of developing several diseases. Haplogroup H was associated with increased survival among sepsis patients, and lower risk of progression toward AIDS in HIV infected and lower manifestation of severe manifestation of herpex virus disease. We studied 316 Spanish with critical COVID-19, and found that the 7028C (haplogroup H) was protective among patients with early-onset disease (≤65 vs > 65 years, p = 0.01), while the ancestral 16223T was a risk factor for early-onset critical COVID-19 (OR = 3.36, 95 %CI = 1.49-7.54). Our work suggested that common mitochondrial variants may serve as predictors of COVID-19 severity. Additional studies to confirm this effect from other populations are of special interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo M. Albaiceta
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiológicos, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado deAsturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain,Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain,CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Amado-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Cardiológicos, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado deAsturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain,Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain,CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta G. Clemente
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado deAsturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain,Neumología, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Elías Cuesta-Llavona
- Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado deAsturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Gómez
- Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado deAsturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain,CIBER-Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Genética Molecular, Hospital Universitario Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado deAsturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain,Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain,Corresponding author at: Genética Molecular-HUCA, Oviedo, Spain
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2
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Martinez-Reviejo R, Tejada S, Adebanjo GAR, Chello C, Machado MC, Parisella FR, Campins M, Tammaro A, Rello J. Varicella-Zoster virus reactivation following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination or infection: New insights. Eur J Intern Med 2022; 104:73-79. [PMID: 35931613 PMCID: PMC9340059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2022.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation has been reported following vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the real extent remains unknown. METHODS We conducted a systematic review to summarize evidence of VZV reactivation or infection following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Episodes after coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) were also identified. Related articles were identified in PubMed and EMBASE databases till December 31, 2021 using the terms "varicella zoster" and "COVID-19″. PROSPERO Register Number: CRD42021289399. RESULTS The search revealed 314 articles, of which 55 met the inclusion criteria. VZV manifestations were documented in 179 (82.1%) subjects following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and in 39 (17.9%) patients with COVID-19. Among the vaccinated, median (IQR) age was 56.5 (42-70) years, and 56.8% were female. Twenty-one (16.8%) were immunosuppressed. The median (IQR) latency time after vaccination was 6 (3-10) days, and 84.4% received mRNA vaccines. VZV reactivation occurred following a first dose (68.2%), a second dose (12.8%) or a booster (0.6%). The most important VZV manifestation was dermatome herpes zoster rash, which accounted for 86.4% of events in vaccinated subjects. Twenty patients (11.3%) presented serious VZV events after vaccination, with Herpes Zoster ophthalmicus (5.6%) and post-herpetic neuralgia (3.4%) predominating. No VZV pneumonia or deaths were recorded. Antiviral prescriptions were made in 96.2% of vaccinated subjects. No significant differences between vaccinated and infected subjects were found. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the occurrence of VZV reactivation is clinically relevant. However, our findings suggest that COVID-19 vaccination is safe, and remains strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Martinez-Reviejo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical Research/Epidemiology in Pneumonia & Sepsis (CRIPS), Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sofia Tejada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical Research/Epidemiology in Pneumonia & Sepsis (CRIPS), Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Camilla Chello
- NESMOS Department of Dermatology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Magda Campins
- Department of Epidemiology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonella Tammaro
- NESMOS Department of Dermatology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jordi Rello
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical Research/Epidemiology in Pneumonia & Sepsis (CRIPS), Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Research, Department of Anesthesia, CHRU Nîmes, Nîmes, France.
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3
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Erlandson KM, Bradford Y, Samuels DC, Brown TT, Sun J, Wu K, Tassiopoulos K, Ritchie MD, Haas DW, Hulgan T. Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups and Frailty in Adults Living with HIV. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:214-219. [PMID: 31822125 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2019.0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup has been associated with disease risk and longevity. Among persons with HIV (PWH), mtDNA haplogroup has been associated with AIDS progression, neuropathy, cognitive impairment, and gait speed decline. We sought to determine whether haplogroup is associated with frailty and its components among older PWH. A cross-sectional analysis was performed of AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5322 (HAILO) participants with available genome-wide genotype and frailty assessments. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, education, smoking, hepatitis C, and prior use of didanosine/stavudine. Among 634 participants, 81% were male, 49% non-Hispanic white, 31% non-Hispanic black, and 20% Hispanic. Mean age was 51.0 (standard deviation 7.5) years and median nadir CD4 count was 212 (interquartile range 72, 324) cells/μL; 6% were frail, 7% had slow gait, and 21% weak grip. H haplogroup participants were more likely to be frail/prefrail (p = .064), have slow gait (p = .09), or weak grip (p = .017) compared with non-H haplogroup participants (not all comparisons reached statistical significance). In adjusted analyses, PWH with haplogroup H had a greater odds of being frail versus nonfrail [odds ratio (OR) 4.0 (95% confidence interval 1.0-15.4)] and having weak grip [OR 2.1 (1.1, 4.1)], but not slow gait [OR 1.6 (0.5, 5.0)] compared with non-H haplogroup. Among black and Hispanic participants, haplogroup was not significantly associated with frailty, grip, or gait. Among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated PWH, mtDNA haplogroup H was independently associated with weak grip and frailty. This association could represent a mechanism of weakness and frailty in the setting of HIV and ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine M. Erlandson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Yuki Bradford
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David C. Samuels
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Todd T. Brown
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jing Sun
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kunling Wu
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine Tassiopoulos
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marylyn D. Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David W. Haas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Todd Hulgan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Guadagnini G, Lo Baido S, Poli F, Govi A, Borin S, Fais P, Pelotti S. Fatal varicella in immigrants from tropical countries: Case reports and forensic perspectives. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2018; 32:83-86. [PMID: 29605790 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The primary Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) infection results in varicella, a generally benign, self-limiting disease in immunocompetent children. Despite the usual course a possible fatal evolution of the primary infection is observed predominantly in immunocompromised subjects and in adults, especially emigrating from tropical regions. Two cases of fatal varicella have been investigated and discussed. Death occurred in two patients over 40 years of age, coming from South Asia and receiving chronic immunosuppressive therapy. The forensic expert must be cautious and consider all clinical records in managing fatal varicella cases, bearing in mind risk factors and pre-existing conditions such as age, geographical provenance and pathological comorbidity, which may lead to a bad prognosis irrespective of therapies. Based on the severe and fatal course observed in the reported cases, an extension of the immunization program appears advisable for immigrants from tropical countries, especially before scheduled immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Guadagnini
- DIMEC - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Lo Baido
- DIMEC - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Poli
- Struttura Complessa di Medicina legale, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Annamaria Govi
- DIMEC - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sveva Borin
- DIMEC - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Fais
- DIMEC - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Susi Pelotti
- DIMEC - Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 49, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Kawai K, Yawn BP. Risk Factors for Herpes Zoster: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc 2017; 92:1806-1821. [PMID: 29202939 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review studies examining risk factors for herpes zoster (HZ). METHODS We performed a literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for articles published from January 1, 2003, to February 1, 2017. A random-effects model was used to summarize the risk ratio (RR) or odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. RESULTS Of the 3450 studies screened, we included 84 studies in the systematic review and conducted meta-analysis in 62 studies. Women were at increased risk of HZ compared with men (pooled adjusted RR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.27-1.34). Black individuals had almost half the risk of HZ as white individuals (pooled RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.47-0.63). Family history was found to be a risk factor for HZ (pooled OR, 3.59; 95% CI, 2.39-5.40). Autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (pooled RR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.41-1.98) and systemic lupus erythematosus (pooled RR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.40-3.15), were associated with an elevated risk of HZ. Other comorbidities were associated with an increased risk of HZ, with the pooled RRs ranging from 1.25 (95% CI, 1.13-1.39) for asthma to 1.30 (95% CI, 1.17-1.45) for diabetes mellitus and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.22-1.41) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CONCLUSION Our review revealed that female sex, race/ethnicity, family history, and comorbidities are risk factors for HZ. Efforts are needed to increase the uptake of zoster vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Kawai
- Clinical Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Barbara P Yawn
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Blaine, MN
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