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Magdi S, Abdelsayed FA, Aboulfotouh MH, Fahim FH. Friction versus frictionless mechanics during maxillary en-masse retraction in adult patients with Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Orthod 2024; 46:cjae034. [PMID: 39011819 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extraction space closure is a challenging phase during orthodontic treatment that affects not only the total treatment duration but also the whole treatment outcome. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficiency of friction and frictionless mechanics during en-masse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth in adult patients with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. TRIAL DESIGN Two-arm parallel group, single-center randomized clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two adult patients with bimaxillary protrusion were recruited and randomly allocated to two different retraction mechanics. A friction group, using NiTi coil springs and a frictionless group using closing T-loops for en-masse retraction. Randomization in a 1:1 ratio was generated by Microsoft Excel. The randomization numbers were secured in opaque sealed envelopes for allocation concealment. Retraction started in all patients following first premolars extraction using miniscrews as a source of indirect anchorage. Activation was done on a monthly basis until complete retraction of anterior segment. The rate of retraction, amount of anchorage loss, the dental, and soft tissue changes were analyzed on digital models and lateral cephalograms taken before retraction and after space closure. BLINDING The outcome assessor was blinded through data concealment during assessment. RESULTS Two patients were lost to follow up, so 30 patients completed the trial. The rate of anterior segment retraction was 0.88 ± 0.66 mm/month in the frictionless group compared to 0.72 ± 0.36 mm/month in the friction group which was statistically significant. Anchorage loss of 1.18 ± 0.72 mm in the friction group compared to 1.29 ± 0.55 mm in the frictionless group with no significant difference. Comparable dental and soft tissue changes following en-masse retraction were reported in both groups, with no statistically significant difference. HARM one patient complained of soft tissue swelling following miniscrew insertion, but the swelling disappeared after one week of using mouth wash. LIMITATION The study focused only on the maxillary arch. CONCLUSION Both mechanics have successfully achieved the required treatment objectives in patients with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. Frictionless group showed a faster rate of retraction than the friction group, which was statistically but not clinically significant. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov with the identifier NCT03261024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Magdi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Abdelsayed
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai H Aboulfotouh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fady H Fahim
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Alawy SB, El Meligy MAA, Salem EM, Alghonemy WY. Impact of concentrated growth factor (CGF) injection on acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement in rabbits. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:783. [PMID: 38997695 PMCID: PMC11245833 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to assess how a concentrated growth factor (CGF) injection affects the rate of orthodontic tooth movement in rabbits. METHODS This experimental investigation employed a split-mouth configuration. Before orthodontic mesialization of the maxillary first molars, CGF was prepared and administered using submucosal injections on the buccal and palatal sides of the maxillary first molars in one randomly assigned quadrant. The opposite quadrant was used as a control. The study examined four time points:1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. The measurement of tooth movement was conducted at each follow-up point using a digital caliper. The rabbits were euthanized, and their maxillary segments, specifically the maxillary first molars, were studied histologically to identify any alterations occurring on both the tension and compression sides. RESULTS Significant tooth movement was observed in the experimental sides versus control sides in the second, third, and fourth week of follow-up periods (p ≤ 0.05). Histologically, on the compression side, the CGF group showed bone resorption and periodontal ligament active reactions from the first week and continued throughout the next three weeks. Also, on the tension side, the CGF group depicted cementoblastic and osteoblastic activities from the first week followed by fibroblastic activities from the second week and all activities continued till the fourth week. CONCLUSIONS CGF has the potential to effectively enhance orthodontic tooth movement without adverse clinical or histological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa B Alawy
- Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mona Al Ahmady El Meligy
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Oral Radiology Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman M Salem
- Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, P. O. Box 37, Sidi Gaber, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Wafaa Yahia Alghonemy
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, 13110, Jordan
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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Elsayed HS, El-Beialy AR, Alshazly R, Almohammad A, Elazab K, El-Badawy R, Palomo JM, Mostafa YA. Implant-supported canine retraction using different reactivation intervals of elastomeric chains: A CBCT-based split-mouth randomized controlled trial. Dental Press J Orthod 2023; 28:e2321166. [PMID: 37937679 PMCID: PMC10627421 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.28.5.e2123166.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Orthodontists attempt to maximize treatment efficiency regarding time, tooth position and adverse effects. A new approach, not yet explored, is the activation frequency. OBJECTIVE The aim of this split-mouth randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effect of reactivation intervals on the efficiency of tooth movement. METHODS Thirty eight patients having a Class I malocclusion with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion or severe crowding, Class II with mandibular deficiency or Class III, requiring first premolar extraction and canine retraction were recruited. Elastomeric chains producing 150g were replaced every two, four, six or eight weeks. There were 36, 37, 36, and 36 quadrants randomly allocated to these groups, respectively. The canine retraction rate was the primary outcome. Canine tipping, rotation, and root resorption and pain were the secondary outcomes. Only the outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment. RESULTS The average total movement for the 6 months was 5.14, 5.31, 2.79 and 3.85 mm for the two-week, four-week, six-week and eight-week reactivation intervals, respectively. Root resorption was significantly higher in the two-week and four-week groups. No adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION The canine retraction rate, tipping, rotation and pain were similar in 2, 4, 6 and 8-week activation intervals groups. Longer reactivation intervals show less root resorption. The trial protocol was not pre-registered. The study was self-funded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend S Elsayed
- Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre, Department of Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry (Giza, Egypt)
| | - Amr R El-Beialy
- Cairo University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Cairo, Egypt)
| | - Reem Alshazly
- Future University in Egypt, Faculty of Oral & Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Cairo, Egypt)
| | - Ahmad Almohammad
- Future University in Egypt, Faculty of Oral & Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Cairo, Egypt)
| | - Karim Elazab
- Future University in Egypt, Faculty of Oral & Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Cairo, Egypt)
| | - Rodayna El-Badawy
- Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre, Department of Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry (Giza, Egypt)
| | - Juan Martin Palomo
- Case Western Reserve University, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics (Cleveland/OH, USA)
| | - Yehya A Mostafa
- Future University in Egypt, Faculty of Oral & Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Cairo, Egypt)
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Singh S, Jain AK, Prasad RR, Sahu A, Priya P, Kumari P. Effect of Mini-implant assisted Micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement-A randomized clinical trial. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:62. [PMID: 38234639 PMCID: PMC10793843 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_18_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) over a 56-day period and to determine the influence of number of perforations on the rate of canine retraction. In addition, the amount of pain and discomfort caused by the MOP was evaluated. TRIAL DESIGN A single-center, split-mouth, triple-blind, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS 22 patients (18-30 years) who need fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to MOP1 and MOP2 groups. The recruited patients were divided into two groups with 1:1 allocation ratio. Randomization for the determination of experimental side and number of perforations was done using sealed envelopes. On each patient, the other side of mouth worked as control side with no MOPs. 4 months after first premolar extraction, patients in MOP1 received 3MOPs on the buccal surface of alveolar bone, whereas patients in MOP2 received three buccal and three palatal MOPs in the experimental side. The amount of canine retraction was measured every 28 days at two intervals on both sides of mouth. Pain perception was measured after 1 hr, 24 hr, 72 hr, 7 days, and 28 days of procedure. RESULTS Result of the intra-examiner reliability using ICC is more than 0.97 (P < 0.001), indicating excellent repeatability and reliability of the measurements. The baseline characteristics between groups were similar (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference in the rate of canine retraction on the MOP side was observed at the end of 56 days, amounting to two folds more than that of the control side. No significant difference was seen between MOP1 and MOP2 groups (P > 0.05). Mild-to-moderate pain was experienced only in first 72 hours of procedure. CONCLUSION The study recommends that MOP procedure has substantial potential to be used as an adjunct to the routine mechanotherapy for accelerating tooth movement, as it may reduce treatment time by half in the first four weeks after the MOP procedure. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial registry of India (CTRI/2022/12/048181).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shresthaa Singh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Abhay K. Jain
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental College, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Raghu R. Prasad
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Anshu Sahu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Parul Priya
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
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Gandini Júnior LG, Schneider PP, Kim KB, Monini ADC, Jacob HB. Evaluation of maxillary canine and molar movement during the first phase of extraction space closure: a multilevel analysis. Dental Press J Orthod 2023; 28:e232338. [PMID: 37729287 PMCID: PMC10508051 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.28.4.e232338.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to analyze and compare the cusp and apex movements of the maxillary canines and first molars during canine retraction in the first step of extraction space closure, and to evaluate if these teeth follow a curvilinear (acceleration and/or deceleration) movement rate. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-five patients (23.3 ± 5.1 years of age) were enrolled. The retraction of the maxillary canines was accomplished using nickel-titanium closed coil springs (100gf) on 0.020-in stainless steel archwire. Oblique cephalograms were traced and superimposed on the anatomic best fit of the maxilla (before the retraction [T0], and after one month [T1], three [T3], five [T5] and seven [T7] months). Statistics was based in a normally distributed data. Multilevel procedures were used to derive polynomials for each of the measurements. Student's t-test and one-way repeated measures ANOVA were conducted. The level of significance of 5% was adopted. RESULTS Canine cusps and apexes did not follow a quadratic curve regarding horizontal movement (neither accelerate nor decelerate). Canine and molar cusps showed more horizontal movement than apexes (4.80 mm vs. 2.78 mm, and 2.64 mm vs. 2.17 mm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Canine did not accelerate or decelerate overtime horizontally; the cusps and apexes of the canines and molars showed more horizontal movement and larger rate at the beginning of canine retraction, followed by significantly smaller and constant movement rate after the first month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gonzaga Gandini Júnior
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil)
| | - Patricia Pigato Schneider
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics (Araraquara/SP, Brazil)
| | - Ki Beom Kim
- Saint Louis University, Center for Advanced Dental Education, Department of Orthodontics (Saint Louis/Missouri, USA)
| | | | - Helder Baldi Jacob
- The University of Texas, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Health Science Center (Houston/Texas, USA)
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Hasan A, Hania M, Mandall N, Fleming PS. The scientific evidence for pre-adjusted edgewise attachments and mechanics. Br Dent J 2023:10.1038/s41415-023-6064-6. [PMID: 37474580 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Fixed orthodontic appliance systems continue to evolve with a wealth of evidence emerging to underpin these refinements.Aims To present the evidence from comparative prospective research informing the selection of fixed appliance design and mechanics.Design Detailed literature review.Materials and methods An electronic search to identify randomised controlled trials and clinical controlled trials was undertaken using pre-defined search terms.Results Based on high-level evidence, no one bracket system has been proven superior in terms of efficiency or outcome. Similarly, a clear advantage associated with one wire type or dimension has not been shown. The effect of lacebacks in terms of anchorage management appears to be limited, while elastomeric chain and nickel titanium closing coils are associated with similar rates of space closure.Discussion A wealth of high-quality recent evidence to support the selection of fixed appliance attachments, archwires and auxiliaries, including lacebacks and space closing mechanics, was identified.Conclusions There has been a considerable increase in the amount of high-quality evidence informing the choice of pre-adjusted edgewise mechanics in recent years. This information can be used to make evidence-based decisions in the selection and manipulation of fixed appliances during daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Hasan
- Orthodontic Speciality Registrar, The Royal London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Hania
- Orthodontic Speciality Senior Registrar, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicky Mandall
- Consultant in Orthodontics, Tameside Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, United Kingdom
| | - Padhraig S Fleming
- Chair/Professor of Orthodontics, School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Honorary Professor, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
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Nahidh M, Yassir YA. Methods of measuring distal canine movement and rotation- A review. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:25. [PMID: 37351417 PMCID: PMC10282536 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_82_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the various methods for measuring distal canine movement and rotation during retraction. Various databases, including PubMed Central, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, the Cochrane Library, Textbooks, Google Scholar, and Research Gate, and a manual search up until September 2022, were used to search for various methods of measuring distal canine movement and rotation during retraction. After excluding the duplicate articles, the papers explaining these techniques were included. Four significant techniques were identified. The digital method with 3D superimposition is the safest, most accurate, and most accessible of the methods reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nahidh
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yassir A. Yassir
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Badran SA, Al-Zaben JM, Al-Taie LM, Tbeishi H, Al-Omiri MK. Comparing patient-centered outcomes and efficiency of space closure between nickel-titanium closed-coil springs and elastomeric power chains during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod 2022; 92:471-477. [PMID: 35348615 DOI: 10.2319/120721-906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare patient-reported pain, discomfort, and difficulty in maintaining proper brushing between nickel-titanium closed-coil springs (CS) and elastomeric power chains (PC) when used for space closure. The secondary aims were to compare plaque control and efficiency of space closure between these two force delivery systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 48 patients who required extractions of upper first premolars and distal movement of upper canines had the CS randomly allocated to either the right or left side. Blinding was applied at data collection and analysis. Primary outcomes were pain intensity measured on visual analog scale, pain onset and duration, discomfort, and difficulty in maintaining proper brushing from the start of canine retraction at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks thereafter. Secondary outcomes were plaque scores and the rate of space closure. RESULTS No significant differences in mean pain scores, pain onset, and duration at different time intervals between CS and PC were observed. The CS side was significantly less comfortable than the PC (P < .0001) and more difficult to keep clean (P = .008). No significant differences in plaque scores were observed between CS and PC groups at any time interval. CS produced a faster rate of space closure than did PC (P = .008). CONCLUSIONS CS were less tolerated than PC by patients but produced an average of 0.5 mm more movement than did the PC during the 12-week study period.
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Abu Alhaija ES, Al Shayeb RA, Al-Khateeb S, Daher HO, Daher SO. A comparative assessment of the amount and rate of orthodontic space closure toward a healed vs recent lower premolar extraction site. Angle Orthod 2022; 92:463-470. [PMID: 35344007 DOI: 10.2319/102921-797.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate and compare the amount and rate of space closure and tooth tipping during orthodontic space closure toward a recent vs healed first premolar extraction site. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mandibular arches of 23 patients were included. Treatment plans included lower first premolar extractions. After reaching 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless-steel archwires (SSAW), patients were subdivided into two groups (Group 1: space closure was carried out toward a healed first premolar extraction space and Group 2: space closure was carried out immediately after first premolar extraction). Elastomeric power chain from second molar to second molar was used to close lower extraction spaces. The following time points were defined: T1: just before space closure; T2-T4: 1-3 months after initial space closure. Records consisted of dental study models. The amount and rate of extraction space closure were evaluated at each time point. RESULTS In Group 1 (healed socket), a total amount of 1.98 mm (coronally) and 1.75 mm (gingivally) of space closure was achieved. The rate of space closure was 0.66 mm/month coronally and 0.58 mm/month gingivally. In Group 2 (recent socket), the total amount of space closure was 3.02 mm coronally and 2.68 mm gingivally. The rate of space closure was 1.01 mm/month coronally and 0.89 mm/month gingivally. Differences between the two groups were significant (P < .01). Tipping of adjacent teeth during space closure was similar in both groups (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS In the lower arch, the amount and rate of space closure toward a recent extraction site were higher than that toward a healed extraction socket with similar tipping of teeth in both groups.
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Elseidy M, Mostafa YA, Mehanni SS, El-Sharaby FA. Evaluation of the Effects of One versus 4 Weeks Activation Intervals on the Rate of Orthodontic Tooth Movement: An Experimental Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the effects of one versus four weeks reactivation of the elastomeric chain on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and supporting structures.
Methods: The 3rd maxillary premolars of 8 male mongrel dogs were extracted. Custom made appliance was constructed so that the 2nd premolars were allowed to slide bodily. An elastomeric chain with calibrated force of 150g was attached to the hooks of soldered tubes on the 2nd premolar’s crowns. The sample was divided into two groups based on the interval of reactivation of the elastomeric chains used for tooth movement where in group I activation was scheduled every one week versus four weeks in group II. Measurements of the amount and rate of OTM were performed every week for 12 weeks using digital caliper. The animals were then sacrificed and specimens were prepared for decalcified histological examination using Hematoxylin and Eosin stains under light microscope.
Results: No remarkable difference in the rate of OTM between the two groups was reported. The total amount of tooth movement in group I was 1.44mm ± 0.5 compared to 1.46mm ± 0.6 in group II. Histological examination revealed a more favorable tissue reaction associated with 4 weeks reactivation as regards the new formed bone, root resorption and periodontal ligament structure.
Conclusion: Altering the reactivation interval of the elastomeric chains from four to one week doesn’t have a significant impact on the rate of OTM. However, four weeks reactivation interval showed a more favorable tissue reaction associated with orthodontic tooth movement.
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Hashemzadeh H, Soleimani M, Golbar M, Dehghani Soltani A, Mirmalek SP. Canine and molar movement, rotation and tipping by NiTi coils versus elastomeric chains in first maxillary premolar extraction orthodontic adolescents: A randomized split-mouth study. Int Orthod 2021; 20:100601. [PMID: 34866026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary objective was to compare canine and molar movement between NiTi coil and elastomeric chains. The secondary objective was to compare the side effects of these techniques (rotation and tipping). MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-blind randomized split-mouth clinical trial was done prospectively. Healthy patients who needed extraction of the first maxillary premolars and did not require anchorage reinforcement techniques for orthodontic treatment were included. Following initial levelling and alignment a dental cast and panoramic radiographs were taken (pre-space closure documents) and canine retraction was done using elastomeric chains on one side and NiTi closed coil spring on the other side. After four months, the same documents were taken and movement (mm), as well as rotation (degree) and tipping (degree) of canines and first molars, were calculated by comparison of pre and post space closure documents by a blinded examiner. Data were analysed by independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test with a significance level of 0.0125. RESULTS Overall 20 patients completed the study. The average canine movement was 3.88 and 5.45mm (distal movement) in elastomeric chains and NiTi coil groups, respectively (P=0.001). For molars, the movement was 1.20 and 1.15mm (mesial movement), respectively (P=0.529). The mean rotation of the canine in elastomeric chains and NiTi coil groups were 4.50° and 7.43° (mesiobuccal rotation), respectively (P=0.006). For the molars, the mean rotation was 0.23° and 1.90° (mesiolingual rotation), respectively (P=0.307). Average tipping of the canine in elastomeric chains and NiTi coil groups were 4.52° and 7.55° (distal tipping), respectively (P=0.011). For the molars, the numbers were 1.45° and 4.80° (mesial tipping), respectively (P=0.028). CONCLUSION Canine retraction by NiTi coil springs is faster compared to elastomeric powerchains with the cost of more canine tipping and rotation and more molar tipping. No significant difference was found in molar movement, rotation and tipping between the two techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Hashemzadeh
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Soleimani
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Alborz Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mona Golbar
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahed University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Dehghani Soltani
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Pegah Mirmalek
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Al Shayeb RA, Alhaija ESA, Al-Khateeb S, Rashaid AHB. The effect of intraoral aging of the working stainless steel archwire on the rate of premolar extraction space closure: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:3011-3020. [PMID: 34779905 PMCID: PMC8591967 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of the working archwire intra-aging on the rate of upper first premolar space closure and to measure frictional resistance during space closure. METHODS A total of 28 subjects participated in this study. All patients were treated by upper first premolar extraction. Subjects were subdivided into 2 groups: non-replacement side: consisted of the right or left sides of the upper arch where space closure was done using the same 0.019 × 0.025-inch SS; replacement side: comprised the other side of the subjects where the working archwire was replaced with a new one each visit. The working archwire in the upper arch was split into 2 halves (new archwire on one side and old one on the other side); each one-half was connected to the other in the midline by a joining shim. Elastomeric chain was used to close extraction spaces. The amount of space closure (mm) was recorded each visit for 3 months. RESULTS In the non-replacement side, the rate of upper space closure was 0.80 mm/month coronally and 0.75 mm/month gingivally. In the replacement side, it was 0.69 mm/month coronally and 0.67 mm/month gingivally (p > 0.05). Mean frictional force for the non-replacement side was 3.58 ± 1.20 N, and it was 2.43 ± 1.21 N for the replacement side (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Intraoral archwire aging has no effect on the rate of upper premolar space closure/month although frictional resistance of the aged archwire was higher than of the new one. Clinical relevance No need to replace 0.019 × 0.025-inch SS every visit during space closure to overcome corrosion and frictional resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A Al Shayeb
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Susan Al-Khateeb
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ayat H Bani Rashaid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
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MacDonald L, Zanjir M, Laghapour Lighvan N, da Costa BR, Suri S, Azarpazhooh A. Efficacy and safety of different interventions to accelerate maxillary canine retraction following premolar extraction: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2021; 24:17-38. [PMID: 34643019 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Decreasing orthodontic treatment duration is at the forefront of innovation for clinical orthodontics. This network meta-analysis aimed to determine the relative efficacy and safety of treatments for accelerated orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in patients undergoing extraction of maxillary first premolars followed by canine retraction in any orthodontic setting. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL and SCOPUS were searched (from inception to 20 April 2020). Study selection and data extraction were performed in duplicate. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were meta-analysed to estimate the rate of tooth movement, 95% credible interval and surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) in the first 3 months following the application of the adjunctive accelerative method. Eligible RCTs were assessed by Cochrane risk of bias tool, and quality of evidence was assessed by GRADE approach, obtained from CINeMA web application. Interventions were ranked for efficacy and reviewed for safety. Nineteen studies pertaining to eight interventions, with data from 415 patients were included. Quality of evidence was very low to moderate. Very low-to low-quality evidence suggests that corticotomy is an efficacious and safe adjunctive treatment to accelerate OTM in comparison with conventional treatment in the first 2 months of treatment. Low-quality evidence suggests that piezocision and micro-osteoperforations (MOP) are efficacious and safe adjunctive treatments only in the first month of treatment. Frequent MOP in conjunction with low-level laser therapy appeared to be an efficacious and safe adjunctive treatment only in the first month following its initial application but not thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura MacDonald
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Zanjir
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Bruno R da Costa
- Clinical Epidemiology & Health Care Research, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sunjay Suri
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amir Azarpazhooh
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology & Health Care Research, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Timing of orthodontic tooth movement in bone defects repaired with synthetic scaffolds: A scoping review of animal studies. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 132:105278. [PMID: 34634537 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The optimal timing of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) could allow earlier tooth movements across alveolar bone defects while minimizing the adverse effects. The objective of this scoping systematic review was therefore designed to review pre-clinical animal studies on the ideal protocol for the timing of orthodontic traction across alveolar defects augmented with synthetic scaffolds. DESIGN Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, three electronic databases were searched (Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science). RESULTS A total of twelve studies were included in the final review that reported on small-animal (rats, guinea pigs, rabbits) and large-animal (dogs and goats) models. Based on the grafting biomaterials, eight papers used cell-free scaffolds, four articles utilised cell-based scaffolds. The timing protocol for the initiation of OTM employed in the studies ranged from immediate to 6 months after surgical grafting. Only four studies included autologous bone graft (gold standard) as positive control. Most papers reported positive results with regards to the rate of OTM and bone augmentation effects while only a few reported side effects such as root resorptions. Overall, the included articles showed a massive heterogeneity in terms of the animal bone defect model characteristics, scaffold materials, study designs, parameters of OTM and methods of analysis. CONCLUSION Since there was inadequate evidence to identify the optimal protocol of OTM, optimization of animal bone defect models and outcome measurements is needed to improve the translational ability of future studies.
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The effect of piezocision vs no piezocision on maxillary extraction space closure: A split-mouth, randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 161:7-19.e2. [PMID: 34654603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this 2-arm-parallel, split-mouth trial was to investigate the effects of piezocision compared with no piezocision on maxillary canine distalization and to evaluate patient perceptions on the surgical procedure. METHODS Twenty-two participants requiring extractions of maxillary first premolars were recruited from the Department of Orthodontics (Sydney Dental Hospital) waiting list. After leveling and alignment, a minimum of 3 mm space was required for canine retraction. Piezocision cuts distal to the canines were 4 mm long and 3 mm deep into the buccal cortical plate. The canine retraction was initiated on both sides immediately after surgery, with coil springs delivering 150 g of force per side. Random assignment of piezocision or control intervention on the patient's right side was performed (www.randomisation.com) for the random number generation, and allocation concealment was accomplished with opaque, sealed envelopes. Patients were assessed every 6 weeks for coil activation and alginate impressions over 18 weeks. The primary outcome was the amount of tooth movement in mm. Secondary outcomes were canine rotation, anchorage loss measured on scanned dental models, and patient pain levels and perception on piezocision using visual analog scale questionnaires. Blinding was feasible for the dental model measurements. RESULTS Twenty patients completed the trial. The treatment × time interaction showed no statistically or clinically significant differences in maxillary extraction space closure (b = -0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.29 to 0.25; P = 0.89) canine rotation (b = -1.45; 95% CI, -4 to 1.09; P = 0.26) and anchorage loss (b = -0.02; 95% CI, -0.38 to 0.34; P = 0.92). All patients except for one had minimal pain associated with the piezocision surgery but found the procedure tolerable and would recommend it. No harm occurred during the trial. CONCLUSIONS Piezocision-assisted maxillary canine distalization was similar to distalization with conventional orthodontics with patients tolerating the procedure.
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Sebastian B, Bhuvaraghan A, Thiruvenkatachari B. Orthodontic space closure in sliding mechanics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod 2021; 44:210-225. [PMID: 34609513 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjab047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review was to compare the different force delivery systems for orthodontic space closure by sliding mechanics. SEARCH METHODS Multiple sources including Cochrane Central, Ovid Medline, Embase etc. were used to identify all relevant studies. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of parallel-group and split-mouth designs were included. PARTICIPANTS Orthodontic patients of any age treated with fixed orthodontic appliances and requiring space closure. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Search result screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently and in duplicate by 2 reviewers. The included studies were grouped into parallel-arm and split-mouth studies and subgroup analysis was then performed for the type of retraction subsets; en-masse and individual canine retraction. A traditional meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis (NMA) for direct and indirect comparisons for the rate of space closure were performed. RESULTS Thirteen studies, six parallel-arm and seven split-mouth were included. The traditional meta-analysis comparing Nickel-titanium (NiTi) closed coil springs and elastomeric power chain for the rate of tooth movement showed statistically significant difference favouring NiTi springs (MD: 0.24; 95% CI, 0.03-0.45; I2 0%, P = 0.02) and the comparison between NiTi springs and active ligatures also showed statistically significant result favouring NiTi springs (MD: 0.53; 95% CI, 0.44-0.63; I2 0%, P ˂ 0.00001) for the rate of tooth movement. NMA for the rate of space closure showed fairly confident evidence for NiTi coil springs when compared with elastomeric chain and active ligatures. The NiTi coil spring ranked best between all methods of space closure. CONCLUSIONS There is moderate quality evidence in favour of NiTi coil springs for the rate of space closure when compared with active ligature and low quality of evidence favouring NiTi springs when compared with elastomeric chain. The ranking from NMA showed NiTi coil springs to be the best method for space closure with 99% chance. An urgent need for standardization of study designs and the need for development of an agreed core outcome sets and core outcome instrument measurement sets is evident. REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020157811.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biju Sebastian
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 162, Poonamallee High Rd, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Aarthi Bhuvaraghan
- Leeds Dental Institute, Worsley Building , The Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Badri Thiruvenkatachari
- Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Management, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600100, India
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Akın Ş, Camcı H. Three-dimensional assessment of two different canine retraction techniques: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial. Prog Orthod 2021; 22:24. [PMID: 34368923 PMCID: PMC8349943 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-021-00374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this split-mouth trial was to compare power-arm sliding (PAS) and direct sliding (DS) canine retraction mechanics in terms of speed, rotation, angulation, and anchorage loss. Methods Thirty-six class II division 1 patients (20 females, 16 males; mean age, 16.94 ± 3.23) requiring upper first premolar extraction were included in the study. Miniscrews were used as anchorage units, and a retraction force of 150 gr was applied from the power arm on one side and from the bracket on the opposite side by using elastomeric chains. Randomization was achieved by block randomization with a 1:1 allocation ratio either to the right or the left with allocations concealed in opaque, sealed envelopes. Digital models were acquired using an intraoral scanner at the beginning of the retraction (T0), the first month (T1), the second month (T2), and the third month (T3). Before the scans, the archwire was removed, and custom metal jigs were inserted into the vertical slot of the canine brackets to evaluate the canine angulation. The digital models of each patient were separately superimposed with the local best-fit algorithm, and the retraction rate, angulation, rotation, and anchorage loss were measured. The digital measurements were performed using the Geomagic Control X software. Results The DS technique’s total retraction rate was higher than that of the PAS technique (2.09 and 1.57, respectively, p = .002). There was, however, no significant difference between the two techniques in terms of angulation, rotation, and anchorage loss. A negative correlation was observed between the retraction rate and age, but it was not statistically significant. No significant difference was observed between the retraction rates of female and male participants in either retraction technique. Conclusions For both orthodontists and patients, the DS technique is simpler and more convenient; thus, it is the preferred method for canine retraction. Trial registration The trial was not registered. Protocol The protocol was not published before the trial commencement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şuayip Akın
- Department of Orthodontics, Afyonkarahisar Health Science University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hasan Camcı
- Department of Orthodontics, Afyonkarahisar Health Science University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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Zubair NR, Ehsan AA, Sakrani H. Comparison of mean canine retraction between healed and recently extracted site: A single center, randomized control trial. APOS TRENDS IN ORTHODONTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.25259/apos_184_2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives:
The objective of this “2-arm parallel” trial was to compare mean canine retraction into healed and recently extracted site.
Materials and Methods:
One of the sides of the maxillary dental arch of the patients having undergone orthodontic treatment at orthodontic department of a private hospital was randomly allocated to recent extraction side, while the contra-lateral side to healed extraction site. Eligibility criteria included no active local or systemic diseases including long-term medications. The main outcome was canine retraction into the extraction sites. Simple randomization technique was used allocate the right and left sides of the arch to one of the groups with allocation concealment through sequentially numbered, opaque, and sealed envelopes. Blinding was applicable for outcome assessor only. The patients were reviewed after 1 month of retraction. Data were analyzed on an intention to treat basis, using paired t-test was applied to compare the canine retraction between healed and recently extracted site (P ≤ 0.05 statistically significant).
Results:
Thirty-five patients with a mean age of 17.6 years were randomized in a 1:1 ratio for one of the sides of the arch to either recent extraction site or healed extraction site. After a month active retraction in 32 patients, the canine at recent extraction site moved 1.17 ± 0.27 mm in 1 month and 0.75 ± 0.26 mm in 1 month on the healed extraction site (P = 0.00). Two patients were lost to follow-up. No harm was observed.
Conclusion:
The results of the study indicate that the mean canine retraction was faster into the recent extraction site. The mean difference of 0.45 mm between the two sides was found be statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazneen Rabia Zubair
- Department of Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan,
| | - Ambreen Afzal Ehsan
- Department of Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan,
| | - Hasnain Sakrani
- Department of Orthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan,
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Barsoum HA, ElSayed HS, El Sharaby FA, Palomo JM, Mostafa YA. Comprehensive comparison of canine retraction using NiTi closed coil springs vs elastomeric chains. Angle Orthod 2021; 91:441-448. [PMID: 34181721 DOI: 10.2319/110620-916.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare canine retraction using NiTi closed coil springs vs elastomeric chains comprehensively in a split-mouth randomized controlled trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS The canines in 64 quadrants were randomly retracted into the first premolar extraction spaces using NiTi closed coil springs or elastomeric chains, in the maxilla and mandible. The retraction force was 150 g. Cone beam computed tomography scans and study models were obtained before the start of canine retraction and 6 months later. The rate and total amount of canine retraction, canine rotation, tipping, and root resorption were evaluated. A visual analogue scale was used to evaluate patients' pain experience. RESULTS The two methods were statistically similar for dental changes, rate of canine retraction, and root resorption. However, patients reported significantly more days of pain with the elastomeric chain compared to the NiTi closed coil springs. CONCLUSIONS Within the constraints of the current study, using either NiTi closed coil springs or elastomeric chains as force delivery systems for canine retraction results in no significant difference in the rate of canine retraction, tipping, rotation, or root resorption. Pain experience during retraction using elastomeric chains is more significant yet needs further investigation.
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Mirhashemi AH, Saffar Shahroudi A, Shahpoorzadeh K, Habibi Khameneh N. Comparative evaluation of force decay pattern in orthodontic active tiebacks exposed to five different mouth rinses: An in vitro Study. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2021; 14:244-249. [PMID: 33575015 PMCID: PMC7867684 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2020.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. This study compared the force decay pattern of two different orthodontic active tiebacks (ATBs) exposed to five different commercially available mouth rinses.
Methods. In this in vitro study, 90 transparent ATBs and 90 gray ATBs were divided into six groups; one was the control group, and the others were exposed to one of these mouth rinses twice a day for 60 seconds: Listerine, chlorhexidine, Orthokin, Persica, and fluoride. The initial force of each ATB was 250 g at a 24-mm extension. The force of ATBs was measured on days 1, 7, 14, and 28 using a digital gauge.
Results. The highest percentage of force loss was observed between days 14 and 28 (P<0.05). At the end of the study, the Persica group exhibited the highest force degradation in both ATB types. In the transparent ATBs, it was followed by Orthokin, Listerine, fluoride, chlorhexidine, and control groups, respectively. In the gray ATBs, Orthokin, chlorhexidine, control, Listerine, and fluoride groups exhibited the highest force decay in descending order. In some groups, the differences between transparent and gray ATBs were significant. In the control group, the force of transparent ATB was significantly higher than gray ones on days 7 and 14 but not significantly after four weeks.
Conclusion. ATBs’ force degradation could be exacerbated by the use of some mouth rinses. There were some differences between force relaxation patterns of transparent and gray ATBs. The data could be beneficial in choosing appropriate O-rings for making ATBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mirhashemi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Saffar Shahroudi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, and Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghorani N, Moradinejad M, Heidarpour M, Noori M, Rakhshan V. Effects of a ceramic active self-ligating bracket on retraction/tipping/rotation of canine, premolar mesialization, and transverse arch dimensions: A preliminary single-blind split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.328749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Mahmoudzadeh M, Poormoradi B, Alijani S, Farhadian M, Kazemisaleh A. Efficacy of Er,Cr Laser incision Corticotomy in Rapid Maxillary Canine Retraction: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:442-449. [PMID: 33425295 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of lasercision corticotomy for the acceleration of canine movement. Our secondary objectives were assessing the canine rotation, the rate of anchorage control, the level of pain, and the gingival index (GI). Methods: Twelve orthodontic patients (9 females and 3 males) referring to the School of Dentistry and one dental clinic from May 2019 to September 2019 participated in this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. The allocation of the test and control sides was performed by flipping a coin. The mean age of patients was 18.91±3.87 years (range 15-30 years). The treatment plan included maxillary first premolar extraction. Following the initial leveling and alignment phase, an initial impression was made. Corticotomy was carried out with the erbium, chromium-doped yttrium scandium gallium garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser (3.5 W, 30 Hz, 40% air, 80% water) in one maxillary quadrant (the laser side). Canine retraction was immediately initiated following surgery using nickel-titanium closed-coil springs with 150 g force. The impression was repeated 1 month after the onset of retraction. The casts were scanned, and the distance between the canine cusp tip and the rugae line was measured to quantify the amount of anteroposterior canine movement. The molar anchorage control was also evaluated by measuring the distance between the mesial contact of the permanent first molar and the rugae line. Gingival health was evaluated using the GI. The modified McGill pain questionnaire was used to assess the level of patients' pain. Results: Lasercision corticotomy accelerated canine retraction with no adverse effect on gingival health. Anchorage loss in the posterior teeth and pain scores were not significantly different between the control and laser sides. Conclusion: Laser corticotomy can effectively accelerate canine retraction with no complications or discomfort for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Mahmoudzadeh
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Banafshe Poormoradi
- Assistant Professor, Laser Research Center, Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Alijani
- Orthodontic Department, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farhadian
- Assistant Professor of Biostatistics, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Kazemisaleh
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Moresca R. Orthodontic treatment time: can it be shortened? Dental Press J Orthod 2019; 23:90-105. [PMID: 30672990 PMCID: PMC6340199 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.23.6.090-105.sar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the literature, no consensus has been reached about orthodontic treatment time. Similarly, the determining factors of the latter have not yet been completely elucidated. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present article was to deepen the discussion on the major factors influencing orthodontic treatment time, as well as to present some strategies that have proven effective in controlling and shortening it. METHOD Based on evidences found in the literature, the method focussed in providing the basis for clinical decision-making. CONCLUSIONS Treatment time varies according to the type of malocclusion and treatment options. Orthodontist's influence, patient's characteristics and compliance are all decisive in determining treatment time, while the effects provided by orthodontic appliances and methods used to speed tooth movement up seem little effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Moresca
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ortodontia (Curitiba/PR, Brazil)
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24
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Azeem M, Afzal A, Jawa SA, Haq AU, Khan M, Akram H. Effectiveness of electric toothbrush as vibration method on orthodontic tooth movement: a split-mouth study. Dental Press J Orthod 2019; 24:49-55. [PMID: 31116287 PMCID: PMC6526764 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.24.2.049-055.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of application of vibratory stimuli, using an electric toothbrush, on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement during maxillary canine retraction. Methods: A split-mouth study was conducted in 28 subjects (mean age = 20.8 years; ranging from 18 to 24 years) whose bilateral maxillary first premolars were extracted with subsequent canine retraction. On the Vibration side, light force (100 g) was applied to the canine for 90 days, in combination with vibratory stimuli provided by an electric toothbrush; only orthodontic force was applied to the canine on the non-vibration side. Amount of canine movement was measured monthly. Related to electronic toothbrush usage, a diary was provided to each patient for recording discomfort during experimental period, having 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). The paired t-test was used to assess the differences in amount of tooth movement between canines of the vibration and non-vibration sides. Results: The amount of tooth movement was similar for canines on the vibration side and on the non-vibration side (mean 0.81 ± 0.10 mm and 0.82 ± 0.11 mm, respectively, p> 0.05). Plaque accumulation was minimal in any subject throughout the study. No subject reported discomfort as a result of using the electric toothbrush. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that application of vibratory stimuli using an electric toothbrush, in combination with light orthodontic force, do not accelerate orthodontic tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azeem
- Faisalabad Medical University, Department of Orthodontics (Faisalabad, Pakistan)
| | - Ambreen Afzal
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics (Karachi, Pakistan)
| | - Saqib Ali Jawa
- King Khalid Hospital (Tabuk, Saudi Arabia).,de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program (Lahore, Pakistan)
| | - Arfan Ul Haq
- Faisalabad Medical University, Department of Orthodontics (Faisalabad, Pakistan)
| | - Mahwish Khan
- de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program (Lahore, Pakistan)
| | - Husnain Akram
- de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program (Lahore, Pakistan)
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Ganzer N, Feldmann I, Bondemark L. Authors' response. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2019; 155:612-613. [PMID: 31053267 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Siriphan N, Leethanakul C, Thongudomporn U. Effects of two frequencies of vibration on the maxillary canine distalization rate and RANKL and OPG secretion: A randomized controlled trial. Orthod Craniofac Res 2019; 22:131-138. [PMID: 30758896 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of 30 and 60 Hz vibratory stimulus on canine distalization and RANKL and OPG secretion. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Sixty patients requiring canine distalization at the Orthodontic Clinic, Prince of Songkla University. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to 30 Hz vibration (n = 20), 60 Hz vibration (n = 20), or the control group (n = 20). Modified electric toothbrushes were used to apply vibration to the randomly selected canine for 20 min/day by the investigator combined with 60 cN continuous distalization force from day 1 to day 7. RANKL and OPG were analysed before (T1) and 24 hours (T2), 48 hours (T3) and 7 days (T4) after initiation of distalization. From day 8, vibratory devices were used by the subjects at home. Rate of canine distalization (T1 to 3 months after initiation [T5]) was calculated. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for multiple comparisons (significance level, 0.05). RESULTS Canine distalization rate was not different between groups (median; 0.82, 0.87, and 0.83 mm/month for 30, 60 Hz, and control group, respectively; P > 0.05). No within- or between-group differences in RANKL and OPG were observed (P > 0.05), except RANKL on the compression side of the control group was significantly higher at T2, T3 and T4 than T1 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In the clinic, 30 and 60 Hz vibratory stimulus have no additive effect on rate of canine distalization rate, RANKL and OPG secretion or RANKL/OPG ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natchanon Siriphan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Chidchanok Leethanakul
- Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Udom Thongudomporn
- Faculty of Dentistry, Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
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Geng H, Su H, Whitley J, Lin FC, Xu X, Ko CC. The effect of orthodontic clinical use on the mechanical characteristics of nickel-titanium closed-coil springs. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:803-814. [PMID: 30616411 PMCID: PMC6381489 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518811765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of clinical use on both force retention and the deactivation of closed-coil nickel-titanium (NiTi) springs in a 16-week trial. METHODS The force-activation curves for NiTi springs were determined before and after clinical use. The rate of tooth movement and maximum force (MF), hysteresis between activation and deactivation, and mean force of the deactivation plateau (MDF) were examined and correlated as a function of 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of clinical use. To recover the force properties, the springs were heat treated at 100°C and the results were compared with the preceding data. RESULTS A total of 36 springs were analysed. The MF loss after use was 60, 74, 55, and 48 g for the 4-, 8-, 12- and 16-week springs, respectively. Heat treating had little effect on the MF. Clinical use lowered hysteresis by a mean of 180 g*mm compared with the pre-clinical use data, and heat treating increased the hysteresis by a mean of 59 g*mm above the post clinic testing data. The MDF was nominally 100 g less than the MF. Teeth moved approximately 1 mm/month, independent of the force loss. CONCLUSIONS The loss of MF and the lowering of the MDF was not time dependent. Heat treating can partially recover the mechanical properties of the used springs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Geng
- 1 Department of Dentistry, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- 2 Department of Orthodontics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongli Su
- 3 Stomatology School, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - John Whitley
- 4 Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Feng-Chang Lin
- 5 Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- 6 School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ching-Chang Ko
- 7 Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Sivarajan S, Doss JG, Papageorgiou SN, Cobourne MT, Wey MC. Mini-implant supported canine retraction with micro-osteoperforation: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Angle Orthod 2018; 89:183-189. [PMID: 30372126 DOI: 10.2319/011518-47.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate, using a split-mouth randomized clinical design, the effect of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) on mini-implant supported canine retraction using fixed appliances. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty subjects (seven males and 23 females) with a mean age of 22.2 (3.72) years were randomized into three canine retraction groups: Group 1 (MOP 4-weekly maxilla/8-weekly mandible; n = 10); Group 2 (MOP 8-weekly maxilla/12-weekly mandible; n = 10) and Group 3 (MOP 12-weekly maxilla/4-weekly mandible; n = 10) measured at 4-week intervals over 16 weeks. Subjects also completed pain (5-point Likert scale) and pain impact (Visual Analogue Scale) questionnaires. The primary outcome was the amount of canine retraction over 16 weeks at MOP (experimental) and non-MOP (control) sites. RESULTS Mean overall canine retraction was 4.16 (1.62) mm with MOP and 3.06 (1.64) mm without. After adjusting for differences between jaws, all MOP groups exhibited significantly higher canine distalization than the control group: 0.89 mm more (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19 to 1.59 mm; P = .01) in the MOP-4 group, 1.08 mm more (95% CI = 0.49 to 1.68 mm; P = .001) in the MOP-8 group and 1.33 mm more (95% CI = 0.55 to 2.10 mm; P = .002) in the MOP-12 group. All subjects reported pain associated with MOP with 60% classifying it as moderate and 15% severe. The main impact of this reported pain was related to chewing and speech. CONCLUSIONS MOP can increase overall mini-implant supported canine retraction over a 16-week period of observation but this difference is unlikely to be clinically significant.
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Li J, Zhao Y, Li H, Li H, Lei L. Effects of force magnitude on torque control in the correction of bimaxillary protrusion with mass retraction. J Orthod Sci 2018; 7:13. [PMID: 29963508 PMCID: PMC6004741 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_65_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to explore whether force magnitude would influence incisor torque control and the overall outcome in patients with bimaxillary protrusion who need mass incisor retraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one female patients (aged > 15 years) with bimaxillary protrusion requiring mass incisor retraction were selected. Two sliding mechanics were utilized, with the elastic group receiving a light force of ~100 g by wearing elastics and the power chain group receiving a moderate force of ~250 g by power chain. Lateral cephalograms obtained before and after treatment were traced and measured. RESULTS: Patients in both groups displayed maxillary protrusion with a similar skeletal class II tendency. A longer treatment time was found in the elastic group. No difference in the distance of incisor tip movement was observed between the two groups; however, a larger inclination of upper incisors was found in the elastic group, indicating less loss of torque. In addition, larger reduction in Sella-Nasion-A and A-Nasion-B angle was observed in the elastic group, which was accompanied by a larger ratio of upper lip retraction to upper incisor retraction as well as more upper lip retraction. CONCLUSIONS: Sliding mechanics with elastics to generate light forces can achieve better torque control with more reduction in skeletal and soft tissue protrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Lei
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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DiBiase AT, Woodhouse NR, Papageorgiou SN, Johnson N, Slipper C, Grant J, Alsaleh M, Khaja Y, Cobourne MT. Effects of supplemental vibrational force on space closure, treatment duration, and occlusal outcome: A multicenter randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 153:469-480.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Alfawal AMH, Hajeer MY, Ajaj MA, Hamadah O, Brad B. Evaluation of piezocision and laser-assisted flapless corticotomy in the acceleration of canine retraction: a randomized controlled trial. Head Face Med 2018; 14:4. [PMID: 29454369 PMCID: PMC5816528 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-018-0161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effectiveness of two minimally invasive surgical procedures in the acceleration of canine retraction: piezocision and laser-assisted flapless corticotomy (LAFC). Methods Trial design: A single-centre randomized controlled trial with a compound design (two-arm parallel-group design and a split-mouth design for each arm). Participants: 36 Class II division I patients (12 males, 24 females; age range: 15 to 27 years) requiring first upper premolars extraction followed by canine retraction. Interventions: piezocision group (PG; n = 18) and laser-assisted flapless corticotomy group (LG; n = 18). A split-mouth design was applied for each group where the flapless surgical intervention was randomly allocated to one side and the other side served as a control side. Outcomes: the rate of canine retraction (primary outcome), anchorage loss and canine rotation, which were assessed at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months following the onset of canine retraction. Also the duration of canine retraction was recorded. Random sequence: Computer-generated random numbers. Allocation concealment: sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes. Blinding: Single blinded (outcomes’ assessor). Results Seventeen patients in each group were enrolled in the statistical analysis. The rate of canine retraction was significantly greater in the experimental side than in the control side in both groups by two-fold in the first month and 1.5-fold in the second month (p < 0.001). Also the overall canine retraction duration was significantly reduced in the experimental side as compared with control side in both groups about 25% (p ≤ 0.001). There were no significant differences between the experimental and the control sides regarding loss of anchorage and upper canine rotation in both groups (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two flapless techniques regarding the studied variables during all evaluation times (p > 0.05). Conclusions Piezocision and laser-assisted flapless corticotomy appeared to be effective treatment methods for accelerating canine retraction without any significant untoward effect on anchorage or canine rotation during rapid retraction. Trials registration ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02606331). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13005-018-0161-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M H Alfawal
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mohammad Y Hajeer
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria.
| | - Mowaffak A Ajaj
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria
| | - Omar Hamadah
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria
| | - Bassel Brad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria
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Makhlouf M, Aboul-Ezz A, Fayed MS, Hafez H. Evaluating the Amount of Tooth Movement and Root Resorption during Canine Retraction with Friction versus Frictionless Mechanics Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018. [PMID: 29531610 PMCID: PMC5839454 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was carried out to compare the amount of tooth movement during canine retraction comparing two different retraction mechanics; friction mechanics represented by a NiTi closed coil spring versus frictionless mechanics represented by T - loop, and their effect on root resorption using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). METHOD Ten patients were selected in a split-mouth study design that had a malocclusion that necessitates the extraction of maxillary first premolars and retraction of maxillary canines. The right maxillary canines were retracted using T - loops fabricated from 0.017 X 0.025 TMA wires. The left maxillary canines received NiTi coil spring with 150 gm of retraction force. Pre retraction and post retraction Cone Beam Computed Tomography were taken to evaluate the amount of tooth movement and root resorption using three-dimensional planes. RESULTS T - loop side showed statistically significant higher mean anteroposterior measurement than NiTi coil spring side, indicating a lower amount of canine movement pre and post a canine retraction. Concerning the root resorption, there was no statistically significant change in the mean measurements of canine root length post retraction. CONCLUSION The NiTi coil spring side showed more distal movement more than the T-loop side. Both retraction mechanics with controlled retraction force, do not cause root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hend Hafez
- National Research Centre, Orthodontics, Cairo, Egypt
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Miles P, Fisher E, Pandis N. Assessment of the rate of premolar extraction space closure in the maxillary arch with the AcceleDent Aura appliance vs no appliance in adolescents: A single-blind randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 153:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Mohammed H, Rizk MZ, Wafaie K, Almuzian M. Effectiveness of nickel-titanium springs vs elastomeric chains in orthodontic space closure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2017; 21:12-19. [PMID: 29265578 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness of nickel titanium closing springs (NiTi-CS) and elastomeric power chains (EPC) in orthodontic space closure and to assess the adverse periodontal effects, cost efficiency and patient-centred outcomes between both of these methods. METHODS An electronic search of online databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, LILACS and Web of Science), reference lists and grey literature as well as hand search were conducted without language restriction up to November/2017. Two authors blindly and in duplicate were involved in study selection, quality assessment and the extraction of data. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. 95% confidence intervals and mean difference for continuous data were calculated. A meta-analysis that generated a random-effect model for the comparable outcomes was conducted, and heterogeneity was measured using I2 statistic. RESULTS Of 187 records, 4 RCTs met the criteria and were included in the quantitative synthesis featuring 290 test quadrants. Faster space closure with NiTi-CS was observed with a mean difference of (0.20 mm/month, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.28). Loss of anchorage appears to be similar within both groups when synthesized qualitatively. With exception to anchorage loss, secondary outcomes could not be investigated in the included trials. CONCLUSIONS There is a moderate quality of evidence suggesting a faster orthodontic space closure with the NiTi-CS when compared to EPC. A comparable amount of anchorage loss was observed regardless of the utilized method of space closure. Further high-quality RCTs with parallel-groups, reporting on the adverse effects and patient-centred values, are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mohammed
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - M Z Rizk
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - K Wafaie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - M Almuzian
- Glasgow Dental Academy, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Orthodontics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Khanemasjedi M, Moradinejad M, Javidi P, Niknam O, Jahromi NH, Rakhshan V. Efficacy of elastic memory chains versus nickel-titanium coil springs in canine retraction: A two-center split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Int Orthod 2017; 15:561-574. [PMID: 29153282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of newly-introduced elastic memory chains (EMCs) in space closure is increasingly gaining popularity. However, no clinical studies have evaluated their efficacy. Therefore, this study was conducted. METHODS In this two-center split-mouth single-blind randomized controlled trial, 21 jaws were divided into 42 quadrants. The two treatments [canine retraction using EMCs versus nickel-titanium (NiTi) coil springs (as control)] were randomly assigned to two quadrants of each jaw. The premolar space was measured at the baseline, and in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of canine retraction, by a blinded orthodontist. Space closure rates were compared using a paired t-test. RESULTS The rates of space closure using NiTi springs were 1.93±0.62, 1.71±0.75, and 1.36±0.51mm/month, during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months of treatment, respectively. The 3-month average rates of space closure were 1.67±0.39 and 1.89±0.36mm/month in the NiTi and elastic groups, respectively (faster in the elastic group, P=0.022). CONCLUSIONS The application of elastic memory chains is as effective as NiTi springs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashallah Khanemasjedi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Moradinejad
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pedram Javidi
- Iranian Tissue Engineering and Graft Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ozra Niknam
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nima Haghighat Jahromi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Rakhshan
- Iranian Tissue Engineering and Graft Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Dental Anatomy and Morphology, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Efficacité des chaînettes élastiques à mémoire versus les ressorts hélicoïdaux en NiTi pour la rétraction des canines : une étude clinique randomisée en bouche divisée en deux centres. Int Orthod 2017; 15:561-574. [PMID: 29153283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ozkan S, Bayram M. Comparison of direct and indirect skeletal anchorage systems combined with 2 canine retraction techniques. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 150:763-770. [PMID: 27871702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We compared the effectiveness of 2 canine retraction springs and anchorage systems (direct and indirect skeletal anchorage) in patients requiring first premolar extractions and maximum anchorage in the maxilla. METHODS Thirty-six patients were included (17 male, 19 female; mean age, 16.8 ± 2.4 years). A mini-implant-supported Nance appliance with indirect skeletal anchorage system was used in 18 patients and a mini-implant-supported direct skeletal anchorage system in the remaining patients. In each patient, a segmental retraction arch with a reverse closing loop was applied to a maxillary canine, and a Ladanyi spring (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) was applied to the other canine randomly after extraction of the maxillary first premolars. The retraction process was continued until a Class I canine relationship was obtained. Lateral cephalometric films and orthodontic casts taken before and after retraction in the distalization process were used to evaluate changes during canine distalization. The measurements were statistically evaluated using paired and independent t tests with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The reverse closing loop and the Ladanyi spring were found to be effective in canine distalization (P ≤0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the reverse closing loop and the Ladanyi spring with regard to canine distalization rates (P ≥0.05). Both systems were effective in providing maximum anchorage (P ≥0.05); no statistically significant differences were detected in molar anchorage loss rates between the 2 methods (P ≥0.05). CONCLUSIONS These 2 systems can be used during segmental distalization of canines requiring maximum anchorage with no significant anchorage loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Ozkan
- Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Bayram
- Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effects of maxillary canine retraction on pulpal blood flow (PBF) in humans as recorded by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). METHODS Maxillary canines of 24 participants were divided into two groups (n = 12 each). Teeth in the study group underwent maxillary canine retraction using mini-implants as anchorage for approximately 4 months, with 100 g of force applied via coil springs. Subjects in the control group received no orthodontic treatment. LDF measurements were recorded at baseline (T0); during retraction, at 24 hours (T1), 3 days (T2), 7 days (T3) and 1 month (T4); and at the end of retraction (T5) in the study group and at similar time-points in control subjects. Data were analyzed using the Friedman, Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann-Whitney U tests, with the significance level set at 0.05. RESULTS No significant changes in PBF perfusion units (PU) were observed in the control group over the course of the study. However, PBF in the study group increased significantly from T0 (3.6 ± 0.2 PU) to T1 (3.7 ± 0.2 PU, p < 0.001) and decreased severely from T1 to T2 (3.3 ± 0.1, p < 0.001). PBF in the study group was still significantly lower at T3 (3.4 ± 0.1 PU, p < 0.001) in comparison to T0; however, at T4 and T5, PBF was found to have returned to pre-retraction levels. CONCLUSION The fact that PBF values returned to initial levels within one month of the initiation of retraction despite short-term, hyperaemic, regressive changes demonstrates that the changes observed in PBF during canine retraction are reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidan Alakus Sabuncuoglu
- a Department of Orthodontics, Center for Dental Sciences , Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara , Turkey
| | - Seyda Ersahan
- b Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry , Bezmialem Vakıf University , Istanbul , Turkey
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Hassan SE, Hajeer MY, Alali OH, Kaddah AS. The Effect of Using Self-ligating Brackets on Maxillary Canine Retraction: A Split-mouth Design Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17:496-503. [PMID: 27484605 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The results of previous studies about the efficacy of using self-ligating brackets (SLBs) in controlling canine movement during retraction are not in harmony. Therefore, the current study aimed to compare the effects of using new passive SLBs on maxillary canine retraction with sliding mechanics vs conventional ligating brackets (CLBs) tied with metal ligatures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample comprised 15 adult patients (4 males, 11 females; 18-24 years) requiring bilateral extraction of maxillary first premolars. Units of randomization are the left or right maxillary canines within the same patient. The two maxillary canines in each patient were randomly assigned to one of the two groups in a simple split-mouth design. The canines in the SLBs group (n = 15) were bracketed with SLBs (Damon Q™), while the canines in the CLBs group (n = 15) were bracketed with conventional brackets (Mini Master Series). Transpalatal bars were used for anchorage. After leveling and alignment, 0.019 × 0.025" stainless steel working archwires were placed. Canines were retracted using a nickel-titanium close-coil springs with a 150 gm force. The amount and rate of maxillary canine retraction, canine rotation, and loss of anchorage were measured on study models collected at the beginning of canine retraction (T0) and 12 weeks later (T1). Differences were analyzed using paired-samples t-tests. RESULTS The effect differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Using Damon Q™ SLBs, the amount and rate of canine retraction were greater, while canine rotation and anchorage loss were less. CONCLUSION From a clinical perspective, extraction space closure can be accomplished more effectively using SLBs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Self-ligating brackets gave better results compared to the CLBs in terms of rate of movement, amount of canine rotation following extraction, and anchorage loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siba E Hassan
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Mohammad Y Hajeer
- Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic, Phone: +963940404840, e-mail:
| | - Osama H Alali
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Aleppo Dental School, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Ayham S Kaddah
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
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Patel P, Shanthraj R, Bhagyalakshmi A, Garg N, Vallakati A. Comparative evaluation of pentraxin 3 levels in GCF during canine retraction with active tieback and NiTi coil spring: An in vivo study. J Orthod Sci 2016; 5:52-6. [PMID: 27127751 PMCID: PMC4830138 DOI: 10.4103/2278-0203.179407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To compare the levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients undergoing orthodontic canine retraction with active tieback and nickel titanium (NiTi) coil spring. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients of the age group 15–25 years with first premolar extraction undergoing canine retraction were selected. One month after placement of 0.019” × 0.025” stainless steel wire, canine retraction was started with active tieback (150 g force) on upper right quadrant and NiTi coil spring (150 g force) on upper left quadrant. GCF samples were collected 1 h before commencement of canine retraction and thereafter at intervals of 1 h, 1 day, 1 week, and 2 weeks after application of force. The collected GCF was eluted from the microcapillary pipette in 100 μl phosphate-buffered saline (pH 5–7.2). The samples were analyzed for PTX-3 levels by the ELISA technique. Results: The mean levels of PTX-3 at 1 h before canine retraction (baseline) was 1.30 ± 0.22 ng/ml and at 1 h 1.66 ± 0.33 ng/ml, 1 day 2.65 ± 0.09 ng/ml, 1 week 1.96 ± 0.15 ng/ml, and 2 weeks 1.37 ± 0.18 ng/ml in active tieback group. The mean levels of PTX-3 at 1 h before canine retraction was 1.32 ± 0.30 ng/ml, and at 1 h 1.71 ± 0.39 ng/ml, 1 day 2.78 ± 0.12 ng/ml, 1 week 2.52 ± 0.18 ng/ml, and 2 weeks 2.12 ± 0.17 ng/ml in NiTi coil spring group. A significant difference of P < 0.001 was found in PTX-3 levels in GCF during canine retraction between active tieback and NiTi coil spring at 1 day, 1 week, and 2 weeks. Conclusion: The results showed that PTX-3 levels increased from 1 h after application of orthodontic force and reached peak at 1 day, followed by a gradual decrease at 1 week and 2 weeks in both active tie back and NiTi coil spring groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Patel
- Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravi Shanthraj
- Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - A Bhagyalakshmi
- Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Nekta Garg
- Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anisha Vallakati
- Department of Orthodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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Prasad M, Manoj-Kumar M, Gowri-Sankar S, Chaitanya N, Vivek-Reddy G, Venkatesh N. Clinical evaluation of neodymium-iron-boron (Ne2Fe14B) rare earth magnets in the treatment of mid line diastemas. J Clin Exp Dent 2016; 8:e164-71. [PMID: 27034757 PMCID: PMC4808312 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the closure of midline diastema using the Neodymium-Iron-Boron magnets and to compare the treatment duration of midline diastemas with the use of magnets compared to regular orthodontic treatment. Material and Methods Thirty patients with age group 12 to 30 years with the midline diastema ranging from 0.5 to 3mm were selected. These patients were divided into two groups. Diastema closure in one group was accomplished by conventional method, in other group was done with Ne2Fe14B magnets. These magnets were fitted to the labial surfaces of the maxillary central incisors such a way that the opposite poles of the magnets face each other. At each appointment, study models and radiographs were taken for study subjects and the midline diastema was measured using digital vernier calipers on the study models obtained. Descriptive statistics carried out using Paired t-test. Results Subjects treated with Ne2Fe14B magnets showed a significant difference compared to fixed orthodontic appliance subjects with respect to time of closure, rate of space closure and incisal inclination. Significant difference between 2 groups with reduction of 64.6 days in time to diastema closure in subjects treated with Ne2Fe14B magnets (P<0.05). Conclusions Ne2Fe14B magnets more efficient in complete closure of mid line diastema in less duration of time. Key words:Midline diastema, Ne2Fe14B magnets, rare earth magnets, space closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandava Prasad
- Professor and Head, Orthodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, AP, India
| | - Mitta Manoj-Kumar
- Postgraduate student, Orthodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, AP, India
| | | | - Nellore Chaitanya
- Senior lecturer, Orthodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, AP, India
| | | | - Nettam Venkatesh
- Postgraduate student, Orthodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, AP, India
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Norman NH, Worthington H, Chadwick SM. Nickel titanium springs versus stainless steel springs: A randomized clinical trial of two methods of space closure. J Orthod 2016; 43:176-85. [PMID: 26836747 DOI: 10.1080/14653125.2015.1122260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical performance of nickel titanium (NiTi) versus stainless steel (SS) springs during orthodontic space closure. DESIGN Two-centre parallel group randomized clinical trial. SETTING Orthodontic Department University of Manchester Dental Hospital and Orthodontic Department Countess of Chester Hospital, United Kingdom. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Forty orthodontic patients requiring fixed appliance treatment were enrolled, each being randomly allocated into either NiTi (n = 19) or SS groups (n = 21). Study models were constructed at the start of the space closure phase (T0) and following the completion of space closure (T1). The rate of space closure achieved for each patient was calculated by taking an average measurement from the tip of the canine to the mesiobuccal groove on the first permanent molar of each quadrant. RESULTS The study was terminated early due to time constraints. Only 30 patients completed, 15 in each study group. There was no statistically significant difference between the amounts of space closed (mean difference 0.17 mm (95%CI -0.99 to 1.34; P = 0.76)). The mean rate of space closure for NiTi coil springs was 0.58 mm/4 weeks (SD 0.24) and 0.85 mm/4 weeks (SD 0.36) for the stainless steel springs. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.024), in favour of the stainless steel springs, when the mean values per patient were compared. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that stainless steel springs are clinically effective; these springs produce as much space closure as their more expensive rivals, the NiTi springs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraina Hafizan Norman
- a Orthodontic Department , University of Manchester Dental Hospital , Higher Cambridge Street, M15 6JH , Manchester , UK.,b Faculty of Dentistry , Universiti Teknologi MARA , Malaysia
| | - Helen Worthington
- c University of Manchester , Higher Cambridge Street, M15 6JH , Manchester , UK
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Mesh management methods in finite element simulations of orthodontic tooth movement. Med Eng Phys 2016; 38:140-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Aksakalli S, Calik B, Kara B, Ezirganli S. Accelerated tooth movement with piezocision and its periodontal-transversal effects in patients with Class II malocclusion. Angle Orthod 2016; 86:59-65. [PMID: 25989211 PMCID: PMC8603972 DOI: 10.2319/012215-49.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the extent of canine distalization and the transversal changes, postdistalization gingival indices, and mobility scores between patients who were undergoing orthodontic treatment involving upper premolar extraction with (experimental group) or without piezocision. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty maxillary canines of 10 patients were evaluated with split mouth design. Pre- and postdistalization dental casts were prepared and scanned with an orthodontic scanner to compare the extent of distalization and transversal changes between the two groups. The pre- and postdistalization gingival indices and mobility scores were also calculated. RESULTS Three-dimensional analysis of the models revealed significant differences in tooth movement (lesser anchorage loss and greater canine distalization) between the experimental and control groups. Furthermore, the distalization time was shortened in the experimental group. There were no differences in the transversal changes, pre- and postdistalization gingival indices, or mobility scores between groups. CONCLUSION Piezocision-assisted distalization accelerates tooth movement, decreases the anchorage loss for posterior teeth, and does not induce any maxillary transversal change. Moreover, piezocision does not have any adverse effects on periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertac Aksakalli
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berra Calik
- Research Assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcak Kara
- Research Assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seref Ezirganli
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Mohammadi A, Mahmoodi F. Evaluation of Force Degradation Pattern of Elastomeric Ligatures and Elastomeric Separators in Active Tieback State. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2015; 9:254-60. [PMID: 26889363 PMCID: PMC4753035 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2015.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. The purpose of this study was to evaluate initial force and force decay of commercially available elastomeric ligatures and elastomeric separators in active tieback state in a simulated oral environment. Materials and methods. A total of 288 elastomeric ligatures and elastomeric separators from three manufacturers (Dentaurum, RMO, 3M Unitek) were stretched to 100% and 150% of their original inner diameter. Force levels were measured initially and at 3-minute, 24-hour, and 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-week intervals. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis of variance and a post hoc Tukey test. Results. The means of initial forces of elastomeric ligatures and separators from three above-mentioned companies, when stretched to 100% of their inner diameters, were 199, 305 and 284 g, and 330, 416, 330 g; when they were stretched to 150% of their inner diameters the values were 286, 422 and 375 g, and 433, 540 and 504 g, respectively. In active tieback state, 11-18% of the initial force of the specimens was lost within the first 3 minutes and 29-63% of the force decay occurred in the first 24 hours; then force decay rate decreased. 62-81% of the initial force was lost in 4 weeks. Although force decay pattern was identical in all the products, the initial force and force decay of Dentaurum elastomeric products were less than the similar products of other companies (P<0.05). Under the same conditions, the force of elastomeric separators was greater than elastomeric ligatures of the same company. Conclusion. Regarding the force pattern of elastomeric ligatures and separators and optimal force for tooth movement, many of these products can be selected for applying orthodontic forces in active tieback state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mohammadi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhang Mahmoodi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Pavlin D, Anthony R, Raj V, Gakunga PT. Cyclic loading (vibration) accelerates tooth movement in orthodontic patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Semin Orthod 2015. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Magno AF, Monini ADC, Capela MV, Martins LP, Martins RP. Effect of clinical use of nickel-titanium springs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 148:76-82. [PMID: 26124030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objectives were to determine whether there are changes on the load deflection rate (L/DP) and the average force (FP) of the superelastic pseudoplateau, and whether permanent deformation is changed in nickel-titanium closed-coil springs (CCSs) after 6 months of clinical use. METHODS Twenty-two nickel-titanium CCSs (Sentalloy 100 g; Dentsply GAC, York, Pa) were subjected to tensile mechanical testing at 37°C on activations varying from 3.2 to 16.0 mm before and after 6 months of clinical use. A regression line was fitted over the most horizontal area of the unloading part of the stress-strain graph of every CCS, and its slope was used as L/DP. The FP was determined by the midpoint of the longest segment of the curve that could be fit within the regression line with a R(2) of at least 0.999, and permanent deformation was determined graphically by obtaining the strain value when the measured stress reached zero. The data were analyzed by 3 analyses of variance at 2 levels, with 5% of significance. RESULTS Time and activation significantly influenced the variables tested (P < 0.001). Time increased the L/DP and permanent deformation but decreased the FP. Activation decreased L/DP, FP, and permanent deformation. Significant interactions between time and activation were detected for FP (P = 0.013) and deformation (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS After 6 months of active clinical use, the analyzed springs had a significant but small increase in their L/DP; FP dropped up to 88%, and the CCSs deformed up to 1.26 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marisa Veiga Capela
- Professor, Faculdade de Química de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lídia Parsekian Martins
- Professor, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Parsekian Martins
- Private practice, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil; adjunct professor, Orthodontics Graduate Program, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Metzner R, Schwestka-Polly R, Helms HJ, Wiechmann D. Comparison of anchorage reinforcement with temporary anchorage devices or a Herbst appliance during lingual orthodontic protraction of mandibular molars without maxillary counterbalance extraction. Head Face Med 2015; 11:22. [PMID: 26092262 PMCID: PMC4475330 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-015-0079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orthodontic protraction of mandibular molars without maxillary counterbalance extraction in cases of aplasia or extraction requires stable anchorage. Reinforcement may be achieved by using either temporary anchorage devices (TAD) or a fixed, functional appliance. The objective was to compare the clinical effectiveness of both methods by testing the null-hypothesis of no significant difference in velocity of space closure (in mm/month) between them. In addition, we set out to describe the quality of posterior space management and treatment-related factors, such as loss of anchorage (assessed in terms of proportions of gap closure by posterior protraction or anterior retraction), frequencies of incomplete space closure, and potential improvement in the sagittal canine relationship. Methods Twenty-seven subjects (15 male/12 female) with a total of 36 sites treated with a lingual multi-bracket appliance were available for retrospective evaluation of the effects of anchorage reinforcement achieved with either a Herbst appliance (nsubjects = 15; 7 both-sided/8 single-sided Herbst appliances; nsites = 22) or TADs (nsubjects = 12; 2 both-sided; 10 single-sided; nsites = 14). Descriptive analysis was based on measurements using intra-oral photographs which were individually scaled to corresponding plaster casts and taken on insertion of anchorage mechanics (T1), following removal of anchorage mechanics (T2), and at the end of multi-bracket treatment (T3). Results The null-hypothesis was rejected: The rate of mean molar protraction was significantly faster in the Herbst-reinforced group (0.51 mm/month) than in the TAD group (0.35). While complete space closure by sheer protraction of posterior teeth was achieved in all Herbst-treated cases, space closure in the TAD group was achieved in 76.9 % of subjects by sheer protraction of molars, and it was incomplete in 50 % of cases (mean gap residues: 1 mm). Whilst there was a deterioration in the canine relationship towards Angle-Class II malocclusion in 57.14 % of space closure sites in TAD-treated subjects (indicating a loss of anchorage), an improvement in canine occlusion was observed in 90.9 % of Herbst-treated cases. Conclusion Subjects requiring rapid space closure by molar protraction in combination with a correction of distal occlusion may benefit from using Herbst appliances for anterior segment anchorage reinforcement rather than TAD anchorage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Metzner
- Department of Orthodontics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | - Hans-Joachim Helms
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Wiechmann
- Department of Orthodontics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Private Practice, Bad Essen, Germany
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Abstract
The William Houston Medal is awarded to the individual achieving the highest mark at, the Membership in Orthodontics (MOrth) examination at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. As part of the examination the candidate must submit five clinical cases. Details of two cases treated by the winning candidate are presented in this paper.
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Abstract
Canine retraction is a very important step in treatment of patients with crowding, or first premolar extraction cases. In severe crowding cases until, the canines have been distilized to relive the crowding, space to correctly align the incisors will not be available. Correct positioning of the canines after retraction is of great importance for the function, stability, and esthetics. The aim of this systematic review was to examine, in an evidence-based way, which kinds of canine retraction methods/techniques are most effective and which have the least side effects. A literature survey was performed by applying the Medline Database (Entrez PubMed) and Science Direct database covering the period from 1985 to 2014, to find out efficient ways to accomplish canine retraction. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective and retrospective controlled studies, and clinical trials were included. Two reviewers selected and extracted the data independently and assessed the quality of the retrieved studies. The search strategy resulted in 324 articles, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria. Due to the vast heterogeneity in study methods, the scientific evidence was too weak to evaluate retraction efficiency during space closure. The data so far reviewed proved that elastomeric power chains, elastic threads, magnets, NiTi coil springs, corticotomies, distraction osteogenesis, and laser therapy, all are able to provide optimum rate of tooth movements. All the methods were nearly similar to each other for retraction of canines Most of the techniques lead to anchorage loss in various amounts depending on the methods used. Most of the studies had serious problems with small sample size, confounding factors, lack of method error analysis, and no blinding in measurements. To obtain reliable scientific evidence, controlled RCT's with sufficient sample sizes are needed to determine which method/technique is the most effective in the respective retraction situation. Further studies should also consider patient acceptance and cost analysis as well as implants and minor surgeries for canine retraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit S Kulshrestha
- Department of Orthodontics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ragni Tandon
- Department of Orthodontics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pratik Chandra
- Department of Orthodontics, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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