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Chida K. What are useful methods to reduce occupational radiation exposure among radiological medical workers, especially for interventional radiology personnel? Radiol Phys Technol 2022; 15:101-115. [PMID: 35608759 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-022-00660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Protection against occupational radiation exposure in clinical settings is important. This paper clarifies the present status of medical occupational exposure protection and possible additional safety measures. Radiation injuries, such as cataracts, have been reported in physicians and staff who perform interventional radiology (IVR), thus, it is important that they use shielding devices (e.g., lead glasses and ceiling-suspended shields). Currently, there is no single perfect radiation shield; combinations of radiation shields are required. Radiological medical workers must be appropriately educated in terms of reducing radiation exposure among both patients and staff. They also need to be aware of the various methods available for estimating/reducing patient dose and occupational exposure. When the optimizing the dose to the patient, such as eliminating a patient dose that is higher than necessary, is applied, exposure of radiological medical workers also decreases without any loss of diagnostic benefit. Thus, decreasing the patient dose also reduces occupational exposure. We propose a novel four-point policy for protecting medical staff from radiation: patient dose Optimization, Distance, Shielding, and Time (pdO-DST). Patient dose optimization means that the patient never receives a higher dose than is necessary, which also reduces the dose received by the staff. The patient dose must be optimized: shielding is critical, but it is only one component of protection from radiation used in medical procedures. Here, we review the radiation protection/reduction basics for radiological medical workers, especially for IVR staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Chida
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan. .,Division of Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan.
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Yuya I, Urikura A, Yoshida T, Takiguchi K, Ikegaya M. Inaccurate table height setting affects the organ-specific radiation dose in computed tomography. Eur J Radiol 2022; 151:110317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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El-Diasty MT, Olfat AA, Mufti AS, Alqurashi AR, Alghamdi MJ. Patients' Radiation Shielding in Interventional Radiology Settings: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e16870. [PMID: 34513445 PMCID: PMC8412000 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
As a result of the increasing risk of developing radiation-related complications, many approaches aimed at reducing this risk and enhancing the outcomes of the patient, doctor or device operator have been developed. In this systematic review, we aim to discuss previous investigations that studied patient shielding or protection within the context of selected interventional radiology procedures. We included original studies that used Ka,r, and PKA for the assessment of the outcomes of two procedures: transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation (TIPS) and hepatic arterial chemoembolization (HAE). A thorough search strategy was conducted on relevant databases to identify all relevant studies. We included 13 investigations, including 12 cross-sectional studies and one randomized controlled trial. Significant diversity was found among all these studies in terms of the used modalities, which made them hard to compare. However, almost all studies agreed that using novel imaging and interventional modalities is useful when obtaining better outcomes and reducing patient radiation exposure. The use of ultrasound-guided procedures and providing adequate lead curtains has also been recommended by the identified studies in order to minimize the frequency of radiation exposure. The reported Ka,r, and PKA were also variable between studies and were discussed within this study. Our findings indicate that unified guidelines for patient radiation shielding should be urgently investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed A Olfat
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca, SAU
| | - Ahmad S Mufti
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca, SAU
| | - Ahmed R Alqurashi
- Department of Radiology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
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Takiguchi K, Urikura A, Yoshida T, Nakaya Y, Endo M, Aramaki T. Radiation dose and image quality of CT fluoroscopy with partial exposure mode. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:333-338. [PMID: 32490834 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2019.19091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to evaluate the scan technique of computed tomography (CT)-guided puncture procedures using partial exposure mode (PEM) on the radiation dose of the operator's hand and image quality. METHODS Radiation dose was evaluated using three types of scanning methods: one-shot scan (OS), OS with a bismuth shield added (OSBismuth), and a half-scan (i.e., PEM) capable of an adjustable exposure angle. Dose evaluation was performed using a torso phantom, while a circular phantom simulating the liver parenchyma and lesions was used for image quality evaluation. For each scanning method, four measurements were made to determine the radiation dose to the operator's hand and the dose distribution on the surface of the patient's torso; the output-dose profile was determined from five measurements. Image quality was evaluated in terms of contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Friedman test were used for comparison between groups as appropriate. The post hoc tests were Tukey's honestly difference (HSD) test for parametric data or Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction for nonparametric data. RESULTS The PEM yielded a radiation dose to the operator's hand that was 84% (0.35 vs. 2.33 mGy) lower than that of the OS. The dose to the patient's torso was reduced by 35% and 68% for the OSBismuth and PEM, respectively, relative to that of the OS. Compared with the CNR of the other two scanning methods (OS, 2.9±0.1; OSBismuth, 2.9±0.1), the PEM increased the standard deviation and decreased the CNR (2.1±0.04, Tukey's HSD, P < 0.001 for all). Images acquired with PEM showed visibility equivalent to that of other scanning methods when window conditions were adjusted. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CT-guided puncture procedure using PEM effectively reduces the operator's exposure to radiation while minimizing image quality deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Takiguchi
- Radiation and Proton Therapy Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Urikura
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- Radiation and Proton Therapy Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakaya
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Endo
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Aramaki
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
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Morota K, Moritake T, Nagamoto K, Matsuzaki S, Nakagami K, Sun L, Kunugita N. Optimization of the Maximum Skin Dose Measurement Technique Using Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine-Radiation Dose Structured Report Data for Patients Undergoing Cerebral Angiography. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:E14. [PMID: 33374876 PMCID: PMC7824295 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the maximum skin dose is important for avoiding tissue reactions in cerebral angiography. In this study, we devised a method for using digital imaging and communication in medicine-radiation dose structured report (DICOM-RDSR) data to accurately estimate the maximum skin dose from the total air kerma at the patient entrance reference point (Total Ka,r). Using a test data set (n = 50), we defined the mean ratio of the maximum skin dose obtained from measurements with radio-photoluminescence glass dosimeters (RPLGDs) to the Total Ka,r as the conversion factor, CFKa,constant, and compared the accuracy of the estimated maximum skin dose obtained from multiplying Total Ka,r by CFKa,constant (Estimation Model 1) with that of the estimated maximum skin dose obtained from multiplying Total Ka,r by the functional conversion factor CFKa,function (Estimation Model 2). Estimation Model 2, which uses the quadratic function for the ratio of the fluoroscopy Ka,r to the Total Ka,r (Ka,r ratio), provided an estimated maximum skin dose closer to that obtained from direct measurements with RPLGDs than compared with that determined using Estimation Model 1. The same results were obtained for the validation data set (n = 50). It was suggested the quadratic function for the Ka,r ratio provides a more accurate estimate of the maximum skin dose in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Morota
- Department of Radiology, Shinkomonji Hospital, 2-5 Dairishinmachi, Moji-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 800-0057, Japan; (K.M.); (S.M.)
- Department of Radiobiology and Hygiene Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (K.N.); (K.N.)
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Department of Radiobiology and Hygiene Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (K.N.); (K.N.)
| | - Keisuke Nagamoto
- Department of Radiobiology and Hygiene Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (K.N.); (K.N.)
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8556, Japan
| | - Satoru Matsuzaki
- Department of Radiology, Shinkomonji Hospital, 2-5 Dairishinmachi, Moji-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 800-0057, Japan; (K.M.); (S.M.)
- Department of Radiobiology and Hygiene Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (K.N.); (K.N.)
| | - Koichi Nakagami
- Department of Radiobiology and Hygiene Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan; (K.N.); (K.N.)
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8556, Japan
| | - Lue Sun
- Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan;
| | - Naoki Kunugita
- Department of Occupational and Community Health Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan;
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An initial investigation of a wireless patient radiation dosimeter for use in interventional radiology. Radiol Phys Technol 2020; 13:321-326. [PMID: 32715378 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-020-00575-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Radiation exposure during interventional radiology (IR) procedures is a critical issue. We have developed a wireless real-time dosimeter for IR patients that use nontoxic phosphor (four sensors). We evaluated the basic performance parameters (such as dose linearity, batch uniformity, reproducibility, and wireless-communication conditions) of the developed system using an IR X-ray system. Further, we investigated the influence of noise from other medical equipment on our wireless real-time dosimeter in the IR X-ray room. Overall, our wireless system exhibited excellent performance in terms of uniformity, reproducibility, and linearity; moreover, the wireless communication performance was better. The developed system enabled real-time visualization of patient radiation dose, without noise contamination from other medical equipment. In addition, the wireless system can be easily installed in a location where the PC screen (display) can be readily viewed by the IR physician. Hence, we developed a wireless system that can display the patient radiation dose data in real time; the system performed satisfactorily upon application in radiation dosimetry. Therefore, our wireless system will facilitate the real-time monitoring/management of patient radiation dose during IR.
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Kawauchi S, Chida K, Moritake T, Hamada Y, Matsumaru Y, Tsuruta W, Sato M, Hosoo H, Sun L. TREATMENT OF INTERNAL CAROTID ANEURYSMS USING PIPELINE EMBOLIZATION DEVICES: MEASURING THE RADIATION DOSE OF THE PATIENT AND DETERMINING THE FACTORS AFFECTING IT. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2020; 188:389-396. [PMID: 31922569 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure the peak skin dose (PSD) and bilateral lens doses using radiophotoluminescence glass dosimeters and to determine the factors influencing the radiation dose in cases of cerebral aneurysm treated with pipeline embolization devices (PEDs). The cumulative dose, PSD and right and left lens doses were 3818.1 ± 1604.6, 1880.0 ± 723.0, 124.8 ± 49.2 and 180.7 ± 124.8 mGy, respectively. Using multivariate analysis, body mass index (p < 0.01; odds ratio (OR) = 1.806; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.007-3.238) and deployment time of PED (p < 0.05; OR = 1.107; 95% CI = 1.001-1.224) were found to be the independent predictors of PSD exceeding 2 Gy. Measures such as collimation of the radiation field and optimization of radiation dose should be taken to reduce the radiation to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kawauchi
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
- Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Koichi Chida
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Department of Radiological Health Science, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumaru
- Division for Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Wataro Tsuruta
- Department of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sato
- Division for Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Hosoo
- Department of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Lue Sun
- Health Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
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Yamauchi-Kawaura C, Fujii K, Yamauchi M, Yamamoto S, Kozuka M, Ohzawa N, Suga N, Ito N. SHAPE ESTIMATION OF BOWTIE FILTERS BASED ON THE LUMINESCENCE FROM POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE RESIN BY X-RAY IRRADIATION. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 185:432-439. [PMID: 30916354 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncz031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we devised a novel method estimating the bowtie filter shapes by imaging luminescence from a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin with X-ray irradiation in a computed tomography (CT) scanner. The luminescence distribution of the PET resin corresponding to the thickness of bowtie filter was imaged using a charge-coupled device camera. On the assumption that the material of bowtie filter is aluminium (Al), the shape of bowtie filters was estimated from the correlation between Al attenuation curves and the angular-dependent luminance attenuation profiles according to the thickness of bowtie filters. Dose simulations based on the estimated bowtie filter shapes were performed using head and body PMMA phantoms with 16 and 32 cm in diameter. The simulated values of head and body weighted CT dose index (CTDIw) based on bowtie filter shape by the luminescence imaging method agreed within ~9% with the measured values by a dosemeter.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yamauchi-Kawaura
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - K Fujii
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - M Yamauchi
- Division of Radiology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - S Yamamoto
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - M Kozuka
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - N Ohzawa
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - N Suga
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
| | - N Ito
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan
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Kawasaki T, Sakakubo M, Ito K, Kitagawa A. ESTIMATION OF ORGAN DOSES AND EFFECTIVE DOSES BASED ON IN-PHANTOM DOSIMETRY FOR PAEDIATRIC DIAGNOSTIC CARDIAC CATHETERISATION. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 185:215-221. [PMID: 30624664 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the organ doses, effective doses and conversion factors from the dose-area product to effective dose in pediatric diagnostic cardiac catheterization performed by in-phantom dosimetry and Monte Carlo simulation. The organ and effective doses in 5-y-olds during diagnostic cardiac catheterizations were evaluated using radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeters implanted into a pediatric anthropomorphic phantom and PCXMC software. The mean effective dose was 3.8 mSv (range: 1.8-7.5 mSv). The conversion factors from the dose-area product to effective dose were 0.9 and 1.6 mSv (Gy cm2)-1 for posteroanterior and lateral fluoroscopy, respectively, and 0.9 and 1.5 mSv (Gy cm2)-1 for posteroanterior and lateral cineangiography, respectively. Effective doses evaluated using the pediatric dosimetry system agreed with those obtained using PCXMC software within 12%. The dose data and conversion factors evaluated may guide the estimation of exposure doses in children undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Kawasaki
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Centre, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masami Sakakubo
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Centre, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kanako Ito
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Centre, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ai Kitagawa
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Centre, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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Kawauchi S, Chida K, Moritake T, Matsumaru Y, Hamada Y, Sakuma H, Yoda S, Sun L, Sato M, Tsuruta W. ESTIMATION OF PATIENT LENS DOSE ASSOCIATED WITH C-ARM CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY USAGE DURING INTERVENTIONAL NEURORADIOLOGY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 184:138-147. [PMID: 30452704 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the dose distribution and lens doses associated with C-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), using a head phantom, and to estimate the contribution ratio of C-arm CBCT to each patient's lens dose during interventional neuroradiology ('lens dose ratio') in 109 clinical cases. In the phantom study, the peak skin doses and respective right and left lens doses of C-arm CBCT were as follows: 63.0 ± 1.9 mGy, 19.7 ± 1.4 mGy and 21.9 ± 0.8 mGy in whole brain C-arm CBCT and 39.2 ± 1.4 mGy, 4.7 ± 0.9 mGy and 3.6 ± 0.3 mGy in high-resolution C-arm CBCT. In the clinical study, the lens dose ratios were 25.4 ± 8.7% in the right lens and 19.1 ± 9.8% in the left lens. This study shows that, on average, ~25% of patients' total lens dose was contributed by C-arm CBCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kawauchi
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koichi Chida
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Department of Radiological Health Science, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumaru
- Division for Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sakuma
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Yoda
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lue Sun
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sato
- Division for Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Wataro Tsuruta
- Department of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
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Kawasaki T, Sakakubo M, Ito K. ESTIMATION OF ORGAN DOSES AND EFFECTIVE DOSES BASED ON IN-PHANTOM DOSIMETRY FOR INFANT DIAGNOSTIC CARDIAC CATHETERISATIONS WITH NOVEL X-RAY IMAGING TECHNOLOGY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2019; 183:528-533. [PMID: 30289542 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the organ and effective doses in infant diagnostic cardiac catheterisation performed using a modern x-ray imaging unit by in-phantom dosimetry. In addition, conversion factors from dose-area product (DAP) to effective dose were determined. The organ and effective doses in 1-year old during diagnostic cardiac catheterisations were measured using radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeters implanted into an infant anthropomorphic phantom. The mean effective doses, evaluated according to the International Commission on Radiologic Protection Publication 103, were 4.0 mSv (range: 1.5-8.7 mSv). The conversion factors from DAP to effective dose were 2 and 3.5 mSv (Gy cm2)-1 for posteroanterior and lateral fluoroscopy, respectively, and 1.8 and 3.3 mSv (Gy cm2)-1 for posteroanterior and lateral cineangiography, respectively. The dose data and conversion factors evaluated in the present study may be useful for estimating radiation exposure in infants during diagnostic cardiac catheterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Kawasaki
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Centre, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masami Sakakubo
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Centre, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kanako Ito
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Centre, Mutsukawa 2-138-4, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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Fujii K, Nomura K, Muramatsu Y, Obara S, Goto T, Akahane K, Ota H, Tsukagoshi S, Kusumoto M. VALIDATION OF MONTE CARLO DOSE CALCULATION FOR PAEDIATRIC CT EXAMINATIONS USING TUBE CURRENT MODULATION BASED ON IN-PHANTOM DOSIMETRY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2018; 182:508-517. [PMID: 30032259 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to estimate tube current modulation (TCM) profiles in paediatric computed tomography (CT) examinations with a TCM scheme (Volume-EC) and evaluate the estimation accuracy of TCM profiles. Another aim is to validate organ doses calculated using Monte Carlo-based CT dosimetry software and estimated TCM profiles by comparing them with those measured using 5-year-old and 10-year-old anthropomorphic phantoms and radio-photoluminescence glass dosemeters. Dose calculations were performed by inputting detailed descriptions of a CT scanner, scan parameters and CT images of the phantoms into the software. Organ doses were evaluated from the calculated dose distribution images. Average relative differences (RDs) between the estimated and actual TCM profiles ranged from -3.6 to 5.6%. RDs between the calculated and measured organ doses ranged from -4.2 to 13.0% and -18.1 to 4.9% for 5-year-old and 10-year-old phantoms, respectively. These results validate dose calculations for paediatric CT scans using TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujii
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20, Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiological Technology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Nomura
- Department of Radiological Technology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Y Muramatsu
- Department of Radiological Technology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Obara
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Goto
- Canon Medical Systems Corporation, 1385 Shimoishigami, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - K Akahane
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Ota
- Department of Radiological Technology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Tsukagoshi
- Canon Medical Systems Corporation, 1385 Shimoishigami, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - M Kusumoto
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
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Yokoyama S, Hamada N, Hayashida T, Tsujimura N, Tatsuzaki H, Kurosawa T, Nabatame K, Ohguchi H, Ohno K, Yamauchi-Kawaura C, Iimoto T, Ichiji T, Hotta Y, Iwai S, Akahane K. Current situations and discussions in Japan in relation to the new occupational equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2017; 37:659-683. [PMID: 28516892 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/aa73e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended reducing the occupational equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye in 2011, there have been extensive discussions in various countries. This paper reviews the current situation in radiation protection of the ocular lens and the discussions on the potential impact of the new lens dose limit in Japan. Topics include historical changes to the lens dose limit, the current situation with occupational lens exposures (e.g., in medical workers, nuclear workers, and Fukushima nuclear power plant workers) and measurements, and the current status of biological studies and epidemiological studies on radiation cataracts. Our focus is on the situation in Japan, but we believe such information sharing will be useful in many other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Health Science, Fujita Health University; 1-98, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukakecho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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14
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Kato M, Chida K, Moritake T, Sato T, Oosaka H, Toyoshima H, Zuguchi M, Abe Y. Direct Dose Measurement On Patient During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedures Using Radiophotoluminescence Glass Dosimeters. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2017; 175:31-37. [PMID: 27624894 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to measure accurate patient entrance skin dose and maximum skin absorbed dose (MSD) to prevent radiation skin injuries in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). We directly measured the MSD on 50 PCIs by using multiple radiophotoluminescence glass dosimeters and a modified dosimetry gown. Also, we analysed the correlation between the MSD and indirect measurement parameters, such as fluoroscopic time (FT), dose-area product (DAP) and cumulative air kerma (C-AK). There were very strong correlations between MSD and FT, DAP and C-AK, with the correlation between MSD and C-AK being the strongest (r = 0.938). In conclusion, the regression lines using MSD as an outcome value (y) and C-AK as predictor variables (x) were y = 1.12x (R2 = 0.880). From the linear regression equation, MSD is estimated to be ~1.12 times that of C-AK in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Kato
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Research Institute for Brain & Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita, Japan
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichi Chida
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Department of Radiological Health Science, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tadaya Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Akita Medical Center, Akita, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Aidu Chuo Hospital, Aiduwakamatsu, Japan
| | - Hajime Oosaka
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Research Institute for Brain & Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita, Japan
| | - Hideto Toyoshima
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Research Institute for Brain & Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita, Japan
| | - Masayuki Zuguchi
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Internal Medicine, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita, Japan
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Fujii K, Nomura K, Muramatsu Y, Obara S, Akahane K, Kusumoto M. Organ Dose Evaluations Based on Monte Carlo Simulation for CT Examinations Using Tube Current Modulation. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2017; 174:387-394. [PMID: 27342451 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to estimate tube current values for each X-ray projection angle used in adult chest computed tomography (CT) and abdomen-pelvis CT examinations with tube current modulation (TCM) and to validate organ doses determined using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations through comparisons with the doses measured using in-phantom dosimetry. For dose simulations, dose distribution images were obtained by inputting the geometry of a CT scanner, scan parameters including estimated TCM curves and CT images of an adult anthropomorphic phantom into MC simulation software. Organ doses were then determined from the dose distribution images. For dose measurements, organ doses were evaluated using radio-photoluminescence glass dosemeters located at various organ positions within the phantom. Relative differences between the simulated and measured organ doses were -2.5 to 11.0% and -1.5 to 10.5% for organs in chest and abdomen-pelvis CT scan ranges, respectively. Thus, the simulated and measured doses agreed well.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujii
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20, Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - K Nomura
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Y Muramatsu
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Obara
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Akahane
- Department of Radiation Measurement and Dose Assessment, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Kusumoto
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
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Estimation of Organ and Effective Doses for Neonate and Infant Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterizations. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015; 205:599-603. [PMID: 26295648 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.14.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiation exposure to neonates and infants during cardiac catheterizations is an important issue. Smaller patient size and higher heart rate in these patients result in a greater need for magnification modes and higher frame rates, all of which contribute to a significant increase in radiation doses. The aims of our study were to evaluate organ and effective doses for neonates and infants during diagnostic cardiac catheterizations on the basis of in-phantom dosimetry and conversion factors from dose-area product (DAP) to the effective dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS Organ doses for 0- and 1-year-old children during diagnostic cardiac catheterizations were measured by radiophotoluminescence glass dosimeters implanted in neonate and infant anthropomorphic phantoms. The effective doses were evaluated according to recommendations of the International Commission on Radiologic Protection (ICRP) publication 103. RESULTS The mean effective doses evaluated according to ICRP 103 were 7.7 mSv (range, 0.1-18.4 mSv) for a neonate and 7.3 mSv (range, 1.9-18.6 mSv) for an infant. Conversion factors from DAP to the effective dose were 2.2 and 4.0 in posteroanterior and lateral cine angiography, respectively, for a neonate and 1.4 and 2.7 in posteroanterior and lateral cine angiography, respectively, for an infant. CONCLUSION The dose data and conversion factors evaluated in this study could be useful for the estimation of radiation exposure in neonates and infants during diagnostic cardiac catheterization.
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Kawauchi S, Moritake T, Hayakawa M, Hamada Y, Sakuma H, Yoda S, Satoh M, Sun L, Koguchi Y, Akahane K, Chida K, Matsumaru Y. [Estimation of Maximum Entrance Skin Dose during Cerebral Angiography]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2015; 71:746-757. [PMID: 26400558 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2015_jsrt_71.9.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using radio-photoluminescence glass dosimeter, we measured the entrance skin dose (ESD) in 46 cases and analyzed the correlations between maximum ESD and angiographic parameters [total fluoroscopic time (TFT); number of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) frames, air kerma at the interventional reference point (AK), and dose-area product (DAP)] to estimate the maximum ESD in real time. Mean (± standard deviation) maximum ESD, dose of the right lens, and dose of the left lens were 431.2 ± 135.8 mGy, 33.6 ± 15.5 mGy, and 58.5 ± 35.0 mGy, respectively. Correlation coefficients (r) between maximum ESD and TFT, number of DSA frames, AK, and DAP were r=0.379 (P<0.01), r=0.702 (P<0.001), r=0.825 (P<0.001), and r=0.709 (P<0.001), respectively. AK was identified as the most useful parameter for real-time prediction of maximum ESD. This study should contribute to the development of new diagnostic reference levels in our country.
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Fujii K, Nomura K, Muramatsu Y, Takahashi K, Obara S, Akahane K, Satake M. Evaluation of organ doses in adult and paediatric CT examinations based on Monte Carlo simulations and in-phantom dosimetry. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2015; 165:166-171. [PMID: 25848103 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate the computed tomography dose index (CTDI) and organ doses evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations through comparisons with doses evaluated by in-phantom dosimetry. Organ doses were measured with radio-photoluminescence glass dosemeter (RGD) set at various organ positions within adult and 1-y-old anthropomorphic phantoms. For the dose simulations, the X-ray spectrum and bow-tie filter shape of a CT scanner were estimated and 3D voxelised data of the CTDI and anthropomorphic phantoms from the acquired CT images were derived. Organ dose simulations and measurements were performed with chest and abdomen-pelvis CT examination scan parameters. Relative differences between the simulated and measured doses were within 5 % for the volume CTDI and 13 % for organ doses for organs within the scan range in adult and paediatric CT examinations. The simulation results were considered to be in good agreement with the measured doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujii
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20, Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, Japan Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - K Nomura
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Y Muramatsu
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - K Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Obara
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Medical Exposure Research Promotion Section, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Akahane
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Medical Exposure Research Promotion Section, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Satake
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan
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Barrera-Rico M, López-Rendón X, Vega-Montesino S, Gamboa-deBuen I. Entrance surface dose in cerebral interventional radiology procedures. RADIAT MEAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Kato M, Chida K, Moritake T, Koguchi Y, Sato T, Oosaka H, Tosa T, Kadowaki K. Fundamental study on the characteristics of a radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeter with no energy compensation filter for measuring patient entrance doses in cardiac interventional procedures. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014; 162:224-9. [PMID: 24277872 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nct300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac interventional procedures have been increasing year by year. However, radiation skin injuries have been still reported. There is a necessity to measure the patient entrance skin dose (ESD), but an accurate dose measurement method has not been established. To measure the ESD, a lot of radiophotoluminescence dosemeters (RPLDs) provide an accurate measurement of the direct actual ESD at the points they are arrayed. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of RPLD to measure the ESD. As a result, X-ray permeable RPLD (with no tin filter) did not interfere with the percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. The RPLD also had good fundamental performance characteristics. Although the RPLD had a little energy dependence, it showed excellent dose and dose-rate linearity, and good angular dependence. In conclusion, by calibrating the energy dependence, RPLDs are useful dosemeter to measure the ESD in cardiac intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Kato
- Department of Medical Technology, Akita Medical Center, 6-17 Senshukubota, Akita, Akita 010-0874, Japan Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Koichi Chida
- Course of Radiological Technology, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Proton Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Koguchi
- Oarai Research Center, Chiyoda Technol Corporation, 3681 Naritacho, Higashiibarakigun Oaraimachi, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Tadaya Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Akita Medical Center, 6-17 Senshukubota, Akita, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Hajime Oosaka
- Department of Medical Technology, Akita Medical Center, 6-17 Senshukubota, Akita, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Tosa
- Department of Medical Technology, Akita Medical Center, 6-17 Senshukubota, Akita, Akita 010-0874, Japan
| | - Ken Kadowaki
- Department of Cardiology, Akita Medical Center, 6-17 Senshukubota, Akita, Akita 010-0874, Japan
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Sun L, Mizuno Y, Iwamoto M, Goto T, Koguchi Y, Miyamoto Y, Tsuboi K, Chida K, Moritake T. Direct measurement of a patient's entrance skin dose during pediatric cardiac catheterization. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2014; 55:1122-1130. [PMID: 24968708 PMCID: PMC4229915 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rru050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Children with complex congenital heart diseases often require repeated cardiac catheterization; however, children are more radiosensitive than adults. Therefore, radiation-induced carcinogenesis is an important consideration for children who undergo those procedures. We measured entrance skin doses (ESDs) using radio-photoluminescence dosimeter (RPLD) chips during cardiac catheterization for 15 pediatric patients (median age, 1.92 years; males, n = 9; females, n = 6) with cardiac diseases. Four RPLD chips were placed on the patient's posterior and right side of the chest. Correlations between maximum ESD and dose-area products (DAP), total number of frames, total fluoroscopic time, number of cine runs, cumulative dose at the interventional reference point (IRP), body weight, chest thickness, and height were analyzed. The maximum ESD was 80 ± 59 (mean ± standard deviation) mGy. Maximum ESD closely correlated with both DAP (r = 0.78) and cumulative dose at the IRP (r = 0.82). Maximum ESD for coiling and ballooning tended to be higher than that for ablation, balloon atrial septostomy, and diagnostic procedures. In conclusion, we directly measured ESD using RPLD chips and found that maximum ESD could be estimated in real-time using angiographic parameters, such as DAP and cumulative dose at the IRP. Children requiring repeated catheterizations would be exposed to high radiation levels throughout their lives, although treatment influences radiation dose. Therefore, the radiation dose associated with individual cardiac catheterizations should be analyzed, and the effects of radiation throughout the lives of such patients should be followed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lue Sun
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mizuno
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mari Iwamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takahisa Goto
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Koguchi
- Oarai Research Center, Chiyoda Technol Corporation, 3681 Naritacho, Oarai-machi, Higashiibaraki-gun, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Yuka Miyamoto
- Oarai Research Center, Chiyoda Technol Corporation, 3681 Naritacho, Oarai-machi, Higashiibaraki-gun, Ibaraki 311-1313, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuboi
- Proton Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Koichi Chida
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takashi Moritake
- Department of Radiological Health Science, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
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Photon dosimetry methods outside the target volume in radiation therapy: Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), thermoluminescence (TL) and radiophotoluminescence (RPL) dosimetry. RADIAT MEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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23
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Moritake T, Hayakawa M, Matsumaru Y, Takigawa T, Koguchi Y, Miyamoto Y, Mizuno Y, Chida K, Akahane K, Tsuboi K, Sakae T, Sakurai H. Precise mapping system of entrance skin dose during endovascular embolization for cerebral aneurysm. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Knežević Ž, Beck N, Milković Đ, Miljanić S, Ranogajec-Komor M. Characterisation of RPL and TL dosimetry systems and comparison in medical dosimetry applications. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Fujii K, Akahane K, Miyazaki O, Horiuchi T, Shimada A, Nagmatsu H, Yamauchi M, Yamauchi-Kawaura C, Kawasaki T. Evaluation of organ doses in CT examinations with an infant anthropomorphic phantom. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2011; 147:151-155. [PMID: 21743079 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncr289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate organ doses in infant CT examinations with multi-detector row CT scanners. Radiation doses were measured with radiophotoluminescence glass dosemeters set in various organ positions within a 1-y-old child anthropomorphic phantom and organ doses were evaluated from the measurement values. Doses for tissues or organs within the scan range were 28-36 mGy in an infant head CT, 3-11 mGy in a chest CT, 5-11 mGy in an abdominal-pelvic CT and 2-14 mGy in a cardiac CT. The doses varied by the differences in the types of CT scanners and scan parameters used at each medical facility. Compared with those for children of various ages, the doses in an infant CT protocol were found to be similar to or slightly smaller than those in a paediatric CT for 5- or 6-y-old children.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujii
- Department of Radiation, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
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26
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Fujii K, Ko S, Nako Y, Tonari A, Nishizawa K, Akahane K, Takayama M. Dose measurement for medical staff with glass dosemeters and thermoluminescence dosemeters during 125I brachytherapy for prostate cancer. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2011; 144:459-463. [PMID: 21212076 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescence glass dosemeters (PLDs) and thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs) are commonly used as a personal monitoring dosemeter. PLDs and TLDs were used for surface dose monitoring of medical staff involved in (125)I brachytherapy for prostate cancer because these dosemeters have a wide dose-response linearity and high sensitivity for low photon energy. Surface doses measured with PLDs agreed with those with TLDs within ∼20 % except for a few cases. Surface doses at a surgeon's left hand and arm were higher than those at the other measuring points. A surgeon received a maximum dose of 650 μGy at the back of left hand. Surface doses to an assistant were <100 μGy. Surface doses to a nurse, a radiologist, an anaesthesiologist and a radiological technologist were <10 μGy. The occupational exposure to a surgeon could be reduced by the adjustment of fluoroscopic parameters and the use of lead gloves.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujii
- Radiological Protection Section, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan.
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27
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Fujibuchi T, Funabashi N, Hashimoto M, Kato H, Kurokawa M, Deloar HM, Kunieda E, Komuro I, Sakae T. Estimate of organ radiation absorbed doses in clinical CT using the radiation treatment planning system. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2010; 142:174-183. [PMID: 20699248 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Organ absorbed doses in computed tomography (CT) scans can be measured with anatomical phantoms but not inside the human body. In this study, a straightforward method was investigated to estimate organ doses in clinical CT using the radiation treatment planning system (RTPS) and compared them with experimental results of photoluminescence dosemeters (PLD). In a heterogeneous phantom, the average difference between PLD and RTPS values were -5.0% for the body and 7.1% for the lung. Using CT data, organ doses in 30 clinical cases were then calculated. There was a significant inverse correlation between the calculated values of organ doses and body mass index (BMI, correlation coefficients (r) = -0.69 (whole body), -0.80 (right lung), -0.81 (left lung), -0.76 (spinal cord), -0.74 (vertebra bone), -0.74 (heart), and -0.79 (oesophagus), all p < 0.01). An RTPS can be a simple and useful tool for estimating equivalent doses inside the human body, during whole-body CT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshioh Fujibuchi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
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Fujibuchi T, Iimori T, Isobe T, Masuda Y, Uchida Y, Matsubayashi F, Sakae T. Measurement of absorbed doses in organs of medical staff at (18)F-FDG pet examination. Radiol Phys Technol 2010; 3:34-9. [PMID: 20821099 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-009-0073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the organ doses were measured using a human- body phantom simulating a medical staff member, and we considered an effective method for decreasing exposure to staff in positron emission tomography examinations. A fluorescence glass dosimeter was arranged for measurements in various organs. Regarding exposure, the average ratio of the dose at 100 cm from the source to the dose at 30 cm was 0.35. The ratio of the dose at 100 cm with a 3 cm lead shield to the dose at 100 cm with no shielding device was 0.01. To reduce the radiation exposure effectively, medical staff members should inform the patient of the details of the examination in advance, reduce the contact time with the patient during the examination, and maximize their distance from the patient when contact is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshioh Fujibuchi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Science, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Direct measurement of patient's entrance skin dose during neurointerventional procedure to avoid further radiation-induced skin injuries. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2010; 112:530-6. [PMID: 20392560 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although several cases of radiation-induced skin injury (RSI) have been reported in association with neurointerventional procedures such as endovascular embolization for cerebral aneurysm, cerebral arteriovenous malformation, and dural arteriovenous fistula, in most cases the absorbed doses are not measured directly; therefore, we built the first direct measurement system that enables the ideal dosimetry for entrance skin dose (ESD) during neurointerventional procedures to be easily determined. This system was then applied to a 55-year-old man who underwent two transvenous embolizations with a 2-month interval, for a right cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula, to establish the efficacy of precise mapping of ESDs. Throughout the procedures, the patient wore a fitted dosimetry cap that contained 60 radiophotoluminescence glass dosimeter (RPLGD) chips. After the first procedure, temporary epilation occurred in the occipital region. Precise mapping of ESDs revealed that this region was exposed to 4.2Gy. In the first procedure, the X-ray tube was generally positioned straight for an optimal posterior-anterior view; however, in the second procedure we intermittently used the second-best position to prevent further RSI. In this position, the maximum ESD was 1.0Gy in the right posterior-temporal region and the epilation site was exposed to </=0.7Gy. Thus, the patient did not develop any further epilation. We conclude that direct dosimetry using multiple RPLGDs can accurately reveal the maximum ESD and that precise information regarding ESD can prevent further RSIs from subsequent procedures.
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Chida K, Kato M, Kagaya Y, Zuguchi M, Saito H, Ishibashi T, Takahashi S, Yamada S, Takai Y. Radiation dose and radiation protection for patients and physicians during interventional procedure. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2010; 51:97-105. [PMID: 20339253 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.09112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Although the wide acceptance of interventional radiology (IVR) procedures has led to increasing numbers of interventions being performed, the radiation doses from IVR are higher. Increasing numbers of case reports of patient radiation injury resulting from IVR are being published. Therefore, radiation protection during IVR poses a very important problem. To protect against radiation injury, the evaluation of radiation dose is essential. The radiation dose must be evaluated for each IVR x-ray machine and each laboratory, because it varies greatly. To obtain this information easily, and to ensure practical use of the radiation information, good relationships between interventionists and medical physicists are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Chida
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku University.
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31
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Local skin and eye lens equivalent doses in interventional neuroradiology. Eur Radiol 2009; 20:725-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-009-1598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Moritake T, Matsumaru Y, Takigawa T, Nishizawa K, Matsumura A, Tsuboi K. Dose measurement on both patients and operators during neurointerventional procedures using photoluminescence glass dosimeters. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:1910-7. [PMID: 18719037 PMCID: PMC8118939 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although radiation skin injuries associated with interventional radiology have been known as a critical issue, there are few reports mentioning direct measurement of the entrance skin dose (ESD). Thus, the purpose of this study was to clarify the regional distributions of ESDs in neurointervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using photoluminescence glass dosimeters (PLDs), we measured the ESDs in 32 patients with a median age of 61.5 years. Angiographic parameters, including exposure time, dose-area product (DAP), and the number of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) studies and frames, were recorded. The ESDs of operators were analyzed by the same method. RESULTS The maximum ESD of 28 therapeutic procedures was 1.8 +/- 1.3 Gy. Although the averaged ESD on the right temporo-occipital region was higher than that in other regions, disease-specific patterns were not observed. Statistically positive correlations were found between the maximum ESD and exposure time (r = 0.5283, P = .005), DAP (r = 0.7917, P < .001), the number of DSA studies (r = 0.5636, P = .002), and the number of DSA frames (r = 0.8583, P < .001). As for operators, ESDs to the left upper extremity were significantly higher than those to other regions. However, most of the ESDs were <0.2 mGy. Lead protective garments reduced the exposure doses to approximately one half to one tenth. CONCLUSION It was shown that the regional ESD could be measured by applying the PLD. This method should contribute to reducing the dose accumulation in patients as well as in operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Moritake
- RadGenomics Research Group, Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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Ohuchi H, Satoh T, Eguchi Y, Kaga Y, Arai T, Suzuki SI, Yamadera A. Skin dose measurement for patients using imaging plates in interventional radiology procedures. HEALTH PHYSICS 2007; 93:78-86. [PMID: 17563495 DOI: 10.1097/01.hp.0000259849.31770.ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A method using europium-doped BaFBr imaging plates (IPs) has been developed to estimate and map values of entrance skin doses during interventional radiology (IR). IPs offer many advantages for measuring the entrance skin dose because they have a wide dynamic range (up to 100 Gy), provide high spatial resolution as a detector of two-dimensional images, and can be used repeatedly. The entrance skin dose was measured by fitting a 40x40 cm IP sheet around a patient's back using a corset in clinical studies involving IR procedures at two hospitals. The corset can minimize a geometric discrepancy in dose estimates between the IP and the patient body. The entrance skin dose was measured by using photoluminescent glass dosimeters simultaneously, and both values were compared. The spatial relative dose profiles from both dose estimates showed generally good agreement; however, the doses obtained with glass dosimeter chips were often lower than those obtained with IPs. This discrepancy comes from a radiation shielding effect for x rays by IPs and a strong angular dependence of the glass dosimeter in low energy x-ray fields. Comprehensive results of this study demonstrated that IPs were able to measure entrance skin dose in even high dose regions with steep dose gradients and to determine the peak skin dose, without missing hot spots, over all ranges used during interventional radiology procedures. Use of the corset minimized variations associated with angular dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Ohuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, and Yamagata University Hospital, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, Yamagata, 990-9585 Japan.
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Ohuchi H, Satoh T, Eguchi Y, Mori K. Preliminary study of using imaging plates to map skin dose of patients in interventional radiology procedures. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2005; 117:432-9. [PMID: 15985500 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A method using europium-doped BaFBr imaging plates (IPs) has been studied for mapping entrance skin doses during interventional radiology (IR); the mapping is useful for detecting overlap between irradiation fields and determining the most exposed skin areas. IPs, which are two-dimensional radiation sensors made of photostimulated luminescence materials, have a linear dose response up to approximately 100 Gy, can accurately measure doses from 1 microGy to 10 Gy and can be used repeatedly. Because the energy dependence of IPs is rather high, the IPs were characterised in this study and a sensitivity variation of approximately 13% was observed for effective energies of 32.7 to 44.7 keV, which are used in IR procedures. Simulation of actual interventional cardiology procedures showed that the variation of sensitivity was within 5%, meaning that IPs are practical for measuring skin doses during IR. Moreover, the patient data can be stored online and easily called up when IR procedures must be repeated, helping to prevent radiation injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ohuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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