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Adu J, Oudshoorn A, Van Berkum A, Pervez R, Norman R, Canas E, Virdee M, Yosieph L, MacDougall AG. Review: System transformation to enhance transitional age youth mental health - a scoping review. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2022; 27:399-418. [PMID: 35920392 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth mental health challenges are an emerging and persistent global public health issue despite efforts for improvement. As part of a broader social innovation study to transform youth mental health systems, this scoping review assesses interventions that aim for systems-level changes to improve the mental well-being of transitional age youth (TAY) (15-25 years) in high-income countries. METHODS The scoping review method of Arksey and O'Malley (International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8, 2005, 19) was used. Seven health and social service databases were utilized with study inclusion criteria applied. Titles and abstracts were screened by two independent reviewers, and four members of the research team were involved in the review and thematic analysis of selected studies. RESULTS A total of 5652 peer-reviewed articles were screened at the title and abstract level, of which 65 were assessed in full for eligibility, and 29 were included for final analysis. The peer-reviewed articles and gray literature were based in seven different high-income countries and published between 2008 and 2019. Four major themes to support youth mental health were identified in the literature: (a) improving transitions from youth to adult mental healthcare services; (b) moving care from institutions to the community; (c) general empowerment of youth in society; and (d) youth voice within the system. Inconsistent or limited systems-level approaches to TAY mental health care were noted. CONCLUSIONS There remains a need for innovative, evidence-based approaches to improve TAY mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Adu
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Abe Oudshoorn
- School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Amy Van Berkum
- School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Romaisa Pervez
- Mental Health Care, Parkwood Institute Research, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ross Norman
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Eugenia Canas
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lily Yosieph
- Mental Health Care, Parkwood Institute Research, London, ON, Canada
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Malla A, Iyer S, Shah J, Joober R, Boksa P, Lal S, Fuhrer R, Andersson N, Abdel‐Baki A, Hutt‐MacLeod D, Beaton A, Reaume‐Zimmer P, Chisholm‐Nelson J, Rousseau C, Chandrasena R, Bourque J, Aubin D, Levasseur MA, Winkelmann I, Etter M, Kelland J, Tait C, Torrie J, Vallianatos H. Canadian response to need for transformation of youth mental health services: ACCESS Open Minds (Esprits ouverts). Early Interv Psychiatry 2019; 13:697-706. [PMID: 30556335 PMCID: PMC6563151 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Youth mental health is of paramount significance to society globally. Given early onset of mental disorders and the inadequate access to appropriate services, a meaningful service transformation, based on globally recognized principles, is necessary. The aim of this paper is to describe a national Canadian project designed to achieve transformation of mental health services and to evaluate the impact of such transformation on individual and system related outcomes. METHOD We describe a model for transformation of services for youth with mental health and substance abuse problems across 14 geographically, linguistically and culturally diverse sites, including large and small urban, rural, First Nations and Inuit communities as well as homeless youth and a post-secondary educational setting. The principles guiding service transformation and objectives are identical across all sites but the method to achieve them varies depending on prevailing resources, culture, geography and the population to be served and how each community can best utilize the extra resources for transformation. RESULTS Each site is engaged in community mapping of services followed by training, active stakeholder engagement with youth and families, early case identification initiatives, providing rapid access (within 72 hours) to an assessment of the presenting problems, facilitating connection to an appropriate service within 30 days (if required) with no transition based on age within the 11 to 25 age group and a structured evaluation to track outcomes over the period of the study. CONCLUSIONS Service transformation that is likely to achieve substantial change involves very detailed and carefully orchestrated processes guided by a set of values, principles, clear objectives, training and evaluation. The evidence gathered from this project can form the basis for scaling up youth mental health services in Canada across a variety of environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Malla
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis (PEPP)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Srividya Iyer
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis (PEPP)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Jai Shah
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis (PEPP)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Ridha Joober
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis (PEPP)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Patricia Boksa
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Shalini Lal
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- School of Rehabilitation, Faculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)Montréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Rebecca Fuhrer
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational HealthMcGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Neil Andersson
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Department of Family Medicine, Community Information and Epidemiological Technologies (CIET) Institute and Participatory Research at McGill (PRAM)McGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
- McGill University Institute for Human Development and Well‐beingMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Amal Abdel‐Baki
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversité de MontréalMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), CRCHUMMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Daphne Hutt‐MacLeod
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Eskasoni Mental Health ServicesEskasoni, Nova ScotiaCanada
| | - Ann Beaton
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Community ServicesUniversité de MonctonMonctonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Paula Reaume‐Zimmer
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Mental Health and Addictions ServicesBluewater Health and Canadian Mental Health AssociationLambton Kent, OntarioCanada
| | - Jessica Chisholm‐Nelson
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Cécile Rousseau
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontréal, QuébecCanada
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Centre de recherche SHERPA, Institut Universitaire au regard des communautés culturellesCentre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) du Centre‐Ouest‐de‐l'Île‐de‐MontréalMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Ranjith Chandrasena
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Schulich School of MedicineWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Jimmy Bourque
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Faculty of EducationUniversité de MonctonMonctonNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Diane Aubin
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Dans La Rue and Réseau d'intervention de proximité auprès des jeunes de la rue (RIPAJ)‐Montréal/Homeless Youth NetworkMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Mary Anne Levasseur
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- ACCESS Open Minds Family and Carers Council, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, MontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Ina Winkelmann
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
| | - Meghan Etter
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Counselling ServicesInuvialuit Regional CorporationInuvik, Northwest TerritoriesCanada
| | - Jill Kelland
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Young Adult and Cross Level Services, Addiction and Mental Health, Edmonton Zone, Alberta Health ServicesEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Caroline Tait
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Jill Torrie
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Public Health DepartmentCree Board of Health and Social Services of James BayMistissini, QuébecCanada
| | - Helen Vallianatos
- ACCESS Open Minds (Pan‐Canadian Youth Mental Health Services Research Network)Douglas Mental Health University InstituteMontréal, QuébecCanada
- Department of AnthropologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
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