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Sakamoto T, Ikematsu S, Nakayama H, Mandáková T, Gohari G, Sakamoto T, Li G, Hou H, Matsunaga S, Lysak MA, Kimura S. A chromosome-level genome assembly for the amphibious plant Rorippa aquatica reveals its allotetraploid origin and mechanisms of heterophylly upon submergence. Commun Biol 2024; 7:431. [PMID: 38637665 PMCID: PMC11026429 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability to respond to varying environments is crucial for sessile organisms such as plants. The amphibious plant Rorippa aquatica exhibits a striking type of phenotypic plasticity known as heterophylly, a phenomenon in which leaf form is altered in response to environmental factors. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of heterophylly are yet to be fully understood. To uncover the genetic basis and analyze the evolutionary processes driving heterophylly in R. aquatica, we assembled the chromosome-level genome of the species. Comparative chromosome painting and chromosomal genomics revealed that allopolyploidization and subsequent post-polyploid descending dysploidy occurred during the speciation of R. aquatica. Based on the obtained genomic data, the transcriptome analyses revealed that ethylene signaling plays a central role in regulating heterophylly under submerged conditions, with blue light signaling acting as an attenuator of ethylene signal. The assembled R. aquatica reference genome provides insights into the molecular mechanisms and evolution of heterophylly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Sakamoto
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Plant Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuka Ikematsu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Center for Plant Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hokuto Nakayama
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Science Build. #2, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Terezie Mandáková
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, Japan
- Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Gaojie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Martin A Lysak
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Seisuke Kimura
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
- Center for Plant Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
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Tanaka H, Hashimoto N, Kawai S, Yumoto E, Shibata K, Tameshige T, Yamamoto Y, Sugimoto K, Asahina M, Ikeuchi M. Auxin-Induced WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX13 Mediates Asymmetric Activity of Callus Formation upon Cutting. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:305-316. [PMID: 36263676 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants have the regenerative ability to reconnect cut organs, which is physiologically important to survive severe tissue damage. The ability to reconnect organs is utilized as grafting to combine two different individuals. Callus formation at the graft junction facilitates organ attachment and vascular reconnection. While it is well documented that local wounding signals provoke callus formation, how callus formation is differentially regulated at each cut end remains elusive. Here, we report that callus formation activity is asymmetrical between the top and bottom cut ends and is regulated by differential auxin accumulation. Gene expression analyses revealed that cellular auxin response is preferentially upregulated in the top part of the graft. Disruption of polar auxin transport inhibited callus formation from the top, while external application of auxin was sufficient to induce callus formation from the bottom, suggesting that asymmetric auxin accumulation is responsible for active callus formation from the top end. We further found that the expression of a key regulator of callus formation, WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 13 (WOX13), is induced by auxin. The ectopic callus formation from the bottom end, which is triggered by locally supplemented auxin, requires WOX13 function, demonstrating that WOX13 plays a pivotal role in auxin-dependent callus formation. The asymmetric WOX13 expression is observed both in grafted petioles and incised inflorescence stems, underscoring the generality of our findings. We propose that efficient organ reconnection is achieved by a combination of local wounding stimuli and disrupted long-distance signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Tanaka
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181 Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181 Japan
| | - Satomi Kawai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181 Japan
| | - Emi Yumoto
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551 Japan
| | - Kyomi Shibata
- Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tameshige
- Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka, Yokohama, 244-0813 Japan
| | - Yuma Yamamoto
- Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 119-0033 Japan
| | - Masashi Asahina
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551 Japan
- Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551 Japan
| | - Momoko Ikeuchi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181 Japan
- Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
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Fan X, Li H, Guo Y, Sun H, Wang S, Qi Q, Jiang X, Wang Y, Xu X, Qiu C, Li W, Han Z. Integrated multi-omics analysis uncovers roles of mdm-miR164b-MdORE1 in strigolactone-mediated inhibition of adventitious root formation in apple. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3582-3603. [PMID: 36000454 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Apple is one of the most important fruit crops in temperate regions and largely relies on cutting propagation. Adventitious root formation is crucial for the success of cutting propagation. Strigolactones have been reported to function in rooting of woody plants. In this study, we determined that strigolactones have inhibitory effects on adventitious root formation in apple. Transcriptome analysis identified 12 051 differentially expressed genes over the course of adventitious root initiation, with functions related to organogenesis, cell wall biogenesis or plant development. Further analysis indicated that strigolactones might inhibit adventitious root formation through repressing two core hub genes, MdLAC3 and MdORE1. Combining small RNA and degradome sequencing, as well as dual-luciferase sensor assays, we identified and validated three negatively correlated miRNA-mRNA pairs, including mdm-miR397-MdLAC3 and mdm-miR164a/b-MdORE1. Overexpression of mdm-miR164b and silencing MdORE1 exhibited enhanced adventitious root formation in tobacco and apple, respectively. Finally, we verified the role of mdm-miR164b-MdORE1 in strigolactone-mediated repression of rooting ability. Overall, the identified comprehensive regulatory network in apple not only provides insight into strigolactone-mediated adventitious root formation in other woody plants, but also points to a potential strategy for genetic improvement of rooting capacity in woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yushuang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haochen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangning Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Changpeng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Sakamoto T, Ikematsu S, Namie K, Hou H, Li G, Kimura S. Leaf Cell Morphology Alternation in Response to Environmental Signals in Rorippa aquatica. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810401. [PMID: 36142311 PMCID: PMC9498993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterophylly, the phenomenon by which plants alter leaf forms to adapt to surrounding conditions, is apparent in amphibious plant species. In response to submergence, they emerge leaves with narrower blade areas. The pathway that receives the submergence signals and the mechanism regulating leaf form via cell proliferation and/or expansion systems have not yet been fully identified yet. Our anatomical study of Rorippa aquatica, an amphibious plant that exhibits heterophylly in response to various signals, showed that leaf thickness increased upon submergence; this was caused by the expansion of mesophyll cell size. Additionally, these submergence effects were inhibited under blue-light conditions. The ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3)/GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR (GRF) pathway regulating cell proliferation and cell expansion was downregulated in response to submergence; and the response was blocked under the blue-light conditions. These results suggest that submergence and light quality determine leaf cell morphology via the AN3/GRF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Sakamoto
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
- Center for Plant Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Shuka Ikematsu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
- Center for Plant Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuki Namie
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
- Center for Plant Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Gaojie Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Seisuke Kimura
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
- Center for Plant Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (S.K.)
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Cao S, Guo Q, Sun Y, Niu D, Long C, Fan Y, Li Y. The RpTOE1- RpFT Module Is Involved in Rejuvenation during Root-Based Vegetative Propagation in Robinia pseudoacacia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095079. [PMID: 35563481 PMCID: PMC9104387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetative propagation is an important method of reproduction and rejuvenation in horticulture and forestry plants with a long lifespan. Although substantial juvenile clones have been obtained through the vegetative propagation of ornamental plants, the molecular factors that regulate rejuvenation during vegetative propagation are largely unknown. Here, root sprouting and root cutting of Robinia pseudoacacia were used as two vegetative propagation methods. From two consecutive years of transcriptome data from rejuvenated seedlings and mature trees, one gene module and one miRNA module were found to be specifically associated with rejuvenation during vegetative propagation through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). In the gene module, a transcription factor-encoding gene showed high expression during vegetative propagation, and it was subsequently named RpTOE1 through homology analysis. Heterologous overexpression of RpTOE1 in wild-type Arabidopsis and toe1 toe2 double mutants prolonged the juvenile phase. The qRT-PCR results predicted RpFT to be a downstream gene that was regulated by RpTOE1. Further investigation of the protein-DNA interactions using yeast one-hybrid, electrophoretic mobility shift, and dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed that RpTOE1 negatively regulated RpFT by binding directly to the TOE binding site (TBS)-like motif on its promoter. On the basis of these results, we showed that the high expression of RpTOE1 during vegetative propagation and its inhibition of RpFT played a key role in the phase reversal of R. pseudoacacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Jie Liu
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Sen Cao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Qi Guo
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Dongsheng Niu
- Black Locust Seed Orchard of Jixian County, Linfen 042200, China;
| | - Cui Long
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yingming Fan
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yun Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Black Locust of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (S.C.); (Q.G.); (Y.S.); (C.L.); (Y.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-6233-6094
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Roque-Borda CA, Kulus D, Vacaro de Souza A, Kaviani B, Vicente EF. Cryopreservation of Agronomic Plant Germplasm Using Vitrification-Based Methods: An Overview of Selected Case Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116157. [PMID: 34200414 PMCID: PMC8201202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous environmental and endogenous factors affect the level of genetic diversity in natural populations. Genetic variability is the cornerstone of evolution and adaptation of species. However, currently, more and more plant species and local varieties (landraces) are on the brink of extinction due to anthropopression and climate change. Their preservation is imperative for the sake of future breeding programs. Gene banks have been created worldwide to conserve different plant species of cultural and economic importance. Many of them apply cryopreservation, a conservation method in which ultra-low temperatures (−135 °C to −196 °C) are used for long-term storage of tissue samples, with little risk of variation occurrence. Cells can be successfully cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (LN) when the adverse effect of ice crystal formation and growth is mitigated by the removal of water and the formation of the so-called biological glass (vitrification). This state can be achieved in several ways. The involvement of key cold-regulated genes and proteins in the acquisition of cold tolerance in plant tissues may additionally improve the survival of LN-stored explants. The present review explains the importance of cryostorage in agronomy and presents an overview of the recent works accomplished with this strategy. The most widely used cryopreservation techniques, classic and modern cryoprotective agents, and some protocols applied in crops are considered to understand which parameters provide the establishment of high quality and broadly applicable cryopreservation. Attention is also focused on the issues of genetic integrity and functional genomics in plant cryobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Augusto Roque-Borda
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Dariusz Kulus
- Laboratory of Ornamental Plants and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Bernardyńska 6, 85-029 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Angela Vacaro de Souza
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã 17602-496, SP, Brazil; (A.V.d.S.); (E.F.V.)
| | - Behzad Kaviani
- Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 4147654919, Iran;
| | - Eduardo Festozo Vicente
- School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã 17602-496, SP, Brazil; (A.V.d.S.); (E.F.V.)
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Molecular and Biochemical Differences in Leaf Explants and the Implication for Regeneration Ability in Rorippa aquatica (Brassicaceae). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9101372. [PMID: 33076473 PMCID: PMC7602576 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Plants have a high regeneration capacity and some plant species can regenerate clone plants, called plantlets, from detached vegetative organs. We previously outlined the molecular mechanisms underlying plantlet regeneration from Rorippa aquatica (Brassicaceae) leaf explants. However, the fundamental difference between the plant species that can and cannot regenerate plantlets from vegetative organs remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that the viability of leaf explants is a key factor affecting the regeneration capacity of R. aquatica. To test this hypothesis, the viability of R. aquatica and Arabidopsis thaliana leaf explants were compared, with respect to the maintenance of photosynthetic activity, senescence, and immune response. Time-course analyses of photosynthetic activity revealed that R. aquatica leaf explants can survive longer than those of A. thaliana. Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) were found at low levels in leaf explant of R. aquatica. Time-course transcriptome analysis of R. aquatica and A. thaliana leaf explants suggested that senescence was suppressed at the transcriptional level in R. aquatica. Application of exogenous ABA reduced the efficiency of plantlet regeneration. Overall, our results propose that in nature, plant species that can regenerate in nature can survive for a long time.
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Li F, Li X, Qiao M, Li B, Guo D, Zhang X, Min D. TaTCP-1, a Novel Regeneration-Related Gene Involved in the Molecular Regulation of Somatic Embryogenesis in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1004. [PMID: 32983186 PMCID: PMC7492748 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The lower regeneration rate of wheat calli is the main factor restricting the development of transgenic wheat plants. Therefore, improving the regeneration rate of wheat callus is a precondition for developing genetic engineering-based wheat breeding approaches. In the present study, we explored the molecular mechanism of wheat regeneration and aimed to establish an efficient system for transgenic wheat. We isolated and identified a regeneration-related gene, TaTCP-1 (KC808517), from wheat cultivar Lunxuan 987. Sequence analysis revealed that the ORF of TaTCP-1 was 1623bp long encoding 540 amino acids. The TaTCP-1 gene was expressed in various wheat tissues. Further, the level of TaTCP-1 expression was higher in calli and increased gradually with increasing callus induction time, reaching a peak on the 11th day after induction. Moreover, the expression level of TaTCP-1 was higher in embryogenic calli than in non-embryonic calli. The TaTCP-1 protein was localized to the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. The callus regeneration rate of wheat plants transformed with TaTCP-1-RNAi reduced by 85.09%. In contrast, it increased by 14.43% in plants overexpressing TaTCP-1. In conclusion, our results showed that TaTCP-1 played a vital role in promoting wheat regeneration, and regulated the somatic embryogenesis of wheat. These results may have implications in the genetic engineering of wheat for improved wheat production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Meng Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dongwei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Donghong Min
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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