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Vestenaa MW, Husted S, Minutello F, Persson DP. Endodermal suberin restricts root leakage of cesium: a suitable tracer for potassium. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14393. [PMID: 38923555 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
An urgent challenge within crop production is to maintain productivity in a world plagued by climate change and its associated plant stresses, such as heat, drought and salinity. A key factor in this endeavor is to understand the dynamics of root suberization, and its role in plant-water relations and nutrient transport. This study focuses on the hypothesis that endodermal suberin, acts as a physical barrier preventing radial potassium (K) movement out of the vascular tissues during translocation. Previous attempts to experimentally support this idea have produced inconsistent results. We developed a Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) method, allowing us to visualize the distribution of mineral elements and track K movement. Cesium (Cs), dosed in optimized concentrations, was found to be an ideal tracer for K, due to its low background and similar chemical/biological properties. In suberin mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, we observed a positive correlation between suberin levels and K translocation efficiency, indicating that suberin enhances the plant's ability to retain K within the vascular tissues during translocation from root to shoot. In barley (Hordeum vulgare), fully suberized seminal roots maintained higher K concentrations in the stele compared to younger, less suberized root zones. This suggests that suberization increases with root maturity, enhancing the barrier against K leakage. In nodal roots, suberin was scattered towards the phloem in mature root zones. Despite this incomplete suberization, nodal roots still restrict outward K movement, demonstrating that even partial suberin barriers can significantly reduce K loss. Our findings provide evidence that suberin is a barrier to K leakage during root-to-shoot translocation. This understanding is crucial to maintain crop productivity in the face of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Winther Vestenaa
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen
| | - Søren Husted
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen
| | - Francesco Minutello
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen
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Zhang Y, Su Z, Luo L, Wang P, Zhu X, Liu J, Wang C. Exogenous auxin regulates the growth and development of peach fruit at the expansion stage by mediating multiple-hormone signaling. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:499. [PMID: 37848815 PMCID: PMC10583367 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit expansion stage is crucial to fruit yield and quality formation, and auxin plays a significant role by mediating multi-hormone signals during fruit expansion. However, till now, it is still unclear of the molecular regulatory network during auxin-mediated peach fruit expansion. RESULTS Here, exogenous NAA application markedly increased IAA content and drastically decreased ABA content at the fruit expansion stage. Correspondingly, NAA mainly induced the auxin biosynthesis gene (1 PpYUCCA) and early auxin-responsive genes (7PpIAA, 3 PpGH3, and 14 PpSAUR); while NAA down-regulated ABA biosynthesis genes (2 PpNCED, 1 PpABA3, and 1 PpAAO3). In addition, many DEGs involved in other plant hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction were significantly enriched after NAA treatment, including 7 JA, 7 CTK, 6 ETH, and 3 GA. Furthermore, we also found that NAA treatment down-regulated most of genes involved in the growth and development of peach fruit, including the cell wall metabolism-related genes (PpEG), sucrose metabolism-related genes (PpSPS), phenylalanine metabolism-related genes (PpPAL, Pp4CL, and PpHCT), and transcription factors (PpNAC, PpMADS-box, PpDof, PpSBP, and PpHB). CONCLUSION Overall, NAA treatment at the fruit expansion stage could inhibit some metabolism processes involved in the related genes in the growth and development of peach fruit by regulating multiple-hormone signaling networks. These results help reveal the short-term regulatory mechanism of auxin at the fruit expansion stage and provide new insights into the multi-hormone cascade regulatory network of fruit growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Faculty of Horticultural Science and Technology, Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, 215008, China.
| | - Ziwen Su
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Linjia Luo
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pengkai Wang
- Faculty of Horticultural Science and Technology, Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, 215008, China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiecai Liu
- Inner MongoliaAgricultural University, Huhehaote, 010010, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Faculty of Horticultural Science and Technology, Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, 215008, China.
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Svobodníková L, Kummerová M, Zezulka Š, Martinka M, Klemš M, Čáslavský J. Pea root responses under naproxen stress: changes in the formation of structural barriers in the primary root in context with changes of auxin and abscisic acid levels. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:1-11. [PMID: 36542231 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals belong to pseudo-persistent pollutants because of constant entry into the environment and hazardous potential for non-target organisms, including plants, in which they can influence biochemical and physiological processes. Detailed analysis of results obtained by microscopic observations using fluorescent dyes (berberine hemisulphate, Fluorol Yellow 088), detection of phytohormone levels (radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay) and thermogravimetric analysis of lignin content proved that the drug naproxen (NPX) can stimulate the formation of root structural barriers. In the primary root of plants treated with 0.5, 1, and 10 mg/L NPX, earlier Casparian strip formation and development of the whole endodermis circle closer to its apex were found after five days of cultivation (by 9-20% as compared to control) and after ten days from 0.1 mg/L NPX (by 8-63%). Suberin lamellae (SL) were deposited in endodermal cells significantly closer to the apex under 10 mg/L NPX by up to 75%. Structural barrier formation under NPX treatment can be influenced indirectly by auxin-supported cell division and differentiation caused by its eight-times higher level under 10 mg/L NPX and directly by stimulated SL deposition induced by abscisic acid (higher from 0.5 mg/L NPX), as proved by the higher proportion of cells with SL in the primary root base (by 8-44%). The earlier modification of endodermis in plant roots can help to limit the drug transfer and maintain the homeostasis of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Svobodníková
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Kummerová
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Zezulka
- Section of Experimental Plant Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Martinka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Science, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Klemš
- Institute of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Čáslavský
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Isotope Analyses, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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Kim H, Jang J, Seomun S, Yoon Y, Jang G. Division of cortical cells is regulated by auxin in Arabidopsis roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:953225. [PMID: 36186058 PMCID: PMC9515965 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.953225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The root cortex transports water and nutrients absorbed by the root epidermis into the vasculature and stores substances such as starch, resins, and essential oils. The cortical cells are also deeply involved in determining epidermal cell fate. In Arabidopsis thaliana roots, the cortex is composed of a single cell layer generated by a single round of periclinal division of the cortex/endodermis initials. To further explore cortex development, we traced the development of the cortex by counting cortical cells. Unlike vascular cells, whose number increased during the development of root apical meristem (RAM), the number of cortical cells did not change, indicating that cortical cells do not divide during RAM development. However, auxin-induced cortical cell division, and this finding was confirmed by treatment with the auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and examining transgenic plants harboring CO2::ΔARF5, in which cortical expression of truncated AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR5 (ΔARF5) induces auxin responses. NPA-induced cortical auxin accumulation and CO2::ΔARF5-mediated cortical auxin response induced anticlinal and periclinal cell divisions, thus increasing the number of cortical cells. These findings reveal a tight link between auxin and cortical cell division, suggesting that auxin is a key player in determining root cortical cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijin Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Jang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Subhin Seomun
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Youngdae Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geupil Jang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Huang B, Hu G, Wang K, Frasse P, Maza E, Djari A, Deng W, Pirrello J, Burlat V, Pons C, Granell A, Li Z, van der Rest B, Bouzayen M. Interaction of two MADS-box genes leads to growth phenotype divergence of all-flesh type of tomatoes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6892. [PMID: 34824241 PMCID: PMC8616914 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
All-flesh tomato cultivars are devoid of locular gel and exhibit enhanced firmness and improved postharvest storage. Here, we show that SlMBP3 is a master regulator of locular tissue in tomato fruit and that a deletion at the gene locus underpins the All-flesh trait. Intriguingly, All-flesh varieties lack the deleterious phenotypes reported previously for SlMBP3 under-expressing lines and which preclude any potential commercial use. We resolve the causal factor for this phenotypic divergence through the discovery of a natural mutation at the SlAGL11 locus, a close homolog of SlMBP3. Misexpressing SlMBP3 impairs locular gel formation through massive transcriptomic reprogramming at initial phases of fruit development. SlMBP3 influences locule gel formation by controlling cell cycle and cell expansion genes, indicating that important components of fruit softening are determined at early pre-ripening stages. Our findings define potential breeding targets for improved texture in tomato and possibly other fleshy fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowen Huang
- grid.508721.9Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326 France ,grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Guojian Hu
- grid.508721.9Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326 France ,grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Keke Wang
- grid.508721.9Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326 France ,grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Pierre Frasse
- grid.508721.9Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326 France ,grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Elie Maza
- grid.508721.9Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326 France ,grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Anis Djari
- grid.508721.9Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326 France ,grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Wei Deng
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Julien Pirrello
- grid.508721.9Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l’Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326 France ,grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Vincent Burlat
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XLaboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP France
| | - Clara Pons
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Instituto de Biología Molecular y Cellular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas- Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Granell
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Instituto de Biología Molecular y Cellular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas- Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China. .,Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Benoît van der Rest
- Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France. .,Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP, France.
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- Université de Toulouse, INRAe/INP Toulouse, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France. .,Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UMR5546, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, INP, France. .,Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
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