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Tian M, Zhao Y, Jiang Y, Jiang X, Gai Y. LkERF6 enhances drought and salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco by regulating ROS homeostasis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109098. [PMID: 39260261 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factor Ethylene Responsive Factor (ERF) is crucial for responding to various environmental stressors. Proteins containing the ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif often inhibit gene expression. However, the functions of LkERF, an EAR motif-containing protein from Larix kaempferi, especially in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, are not well understood. In the present research, we introduce a novel transcription factor, LkERF6, which contains an EAR motif and positively regulates gene expression, thereby enhancing drought and salt tolerance in tobacco. LkERF6 is classified within the ERF-B1 subfamily due to its conserved AP2/ERF domain and EAR motif. Subcellular localization assays demonstrated LkERF6 is primarily localized in the nucleus. Further analysis revealed that LkERF6 interacts with GCC and DRE elements and is significantly induced by NaCl and PEG6000. Moreover, LkERF6 transgenic tobacco plants exhibit lower ROS accumulation and higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activities. Additionally, correlation analysis identified a strong association between LkERF6 and three genes: LkSOD, LkCCS, and LkCAT. Y1H, EMAS, and DLR assays confirmed that LkERF6 directly interacts with the promoters of these genes through GCC-box and DRE-box to activate their expression. These findings shed new light on the function of EAR motif-containing transcription factors and highlight LkERF6's crucial role in enhancing abiotic stress resistance by activating multiple ROS clearance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yibo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xiangning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Ying Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Ma C, Du P, Cao Y, Liu H, Ma L, Liang B. Melatonin alleviates apple replant disease by regulating the endophytic microbiome of roots and phloridzin accumulation. Microbiol Res 2024; 289:127897. [PMID: 39243684 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin administration is an environmentally effective strategy to mitigate apple replant disease (ARD), but its mechanism of action is unknown. This study investigated the protective effect of melatonin on ARD and the underlying mechanism. In field experiments, melatonin significantly reduced phloridzin levels in apple roots and rhizosphere soil. A correlation analysis indicated that a potential antagonistic interaction between melatonin and phloridzin was crucial for improving soil physicochemical properties, increasing the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities in roots of apple seedlings, and promoting mineral element absorption by the plants. Melatonin also reduced the abundance of Fusarium in roots. The ability of melatonin to reduce phloridzin levels both in soil and in plants was also demonstrated in a pot experiment. Azovibrio were specifically recruited in response to melatonin and their abundance was negatively correlated with phloridzin levels. Fusarium species that have a negative impact on plant growth were also inhibited by melatonin. Our results show that melatonin improves the rhizosphere environment as well as the structure of the endophytic microbiota community, by reducing phloridzin levels in rhizosphere soil and roots. These regulatory effects of melatonin support its use to improve the physiological state of plants under ARD conditions and thereby overcome the barriers of perennial cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Peihua Du
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Huaite Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Lisong Ma
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Bowen Liang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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Zhang Z, Yang C, Xi J, Wang Y, Guo J, Liu Q, Liu Y, Ma Y, Zhang J, Ma F, Li C. The MdHSC70-MdWRKY75 module mediates basal apple thermotolerance by regulating the expression of heat shock factor genes. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:3631-3653. [PMID: 38865439 PMCID: PMC11371167 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress severely restricts the growth and fruit development of apple (Malus domestica). Little is known about the involvement of WRKY proteins in the heat tolerance mechanism in apple. In this study, we found that the apple transcription factor (TF) MdWRKY75 responds to heat and positively regulates basal thermotolerance. Apple plants that overexpressed MdWRKY75 were more tolerant to heat stress while silencing MdWRKY75 caused the opposite phenotype. RNA-seq and reverse transcription quantitative PCR showed that heat shock factor genes (MdHsfs) could be the potential targets of MdWRKY75. Electrophoretic mobility shift, yeast one-hybrid, β-glucuronidase, and dual-luciferase assays showed that MdWRKY75 can bind to the promoters of MdHsf4, MdHsfB2a, and MdHsfA1d and activate their expression. Apple plants that overexpressed MdHsf4, MdHsfB2a, and MdHsfA1d exhibited heat tolerance and rescued the heat-sensitive phenotype of MdWRKY75-Ri3. In addition, apple heat shock cognate 70 (MdHSC70) interacts with MdWRKY75, as shown by yeast two-hybrid, split luciferase, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down assays. MdHSC70 acts as a negative regulator of the heat stress response. Apple plants that overexpressed MdHSC70 were sensitive to heat, while virus-induced gene silencing of MdHSC70 enhanced heat tolerance. Additional research showed that MdHSC70 exhibits heat sensitivity by interacting with MdWRKY75 and inhibiting MdHsfs expression. In summary, we proposed a mechanism for the response of apple to heat that is mediated by the "MdHSC70/MdWRKY75-MdHsfs" molecular module, which enhances our understanding of apple thermotolerance regulated by WRKY TFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Xi
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yusong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Mu Y, Dong Y, Li X, Gong A, Yu H, Wang C, Liu J, Liang Q, Yang K, Fang H. JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L module regulates resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in walnut. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae148. [PMID: 38988616 PMCID: PMC11233879 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Walnut anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) reduces walnut yield and quality and seriously threatens the healthy development of the walnut industry. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are crucial regulatory factors involved in plant-pathogen interactions. Our previous transcriptome analysis results indicate that JrWRKY4 responds to infection by C. gloeosporioides, but its specific regulatory network and disease resistance mechanism are still unclear. Herein, the characteristics of JrWRKY4 as a transcription activator located in the nucleus were first identified. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses showed that JrWRKY4 could enhance walnut resistance against C. gloeosporioides. A series of molecular experiments showed that JrWRKY4 directly interacted with the promoter region of JrSTH2L and positively regulated its expression. In addition, JrWRKY4 interacted with JrVQ4 to form the protein complex, which inhibited JrWRKY4 for the activation of JrSTH2L. Notably, a MYB TF JrPHL8 interacting with the JrWRKY4 promoter has also been identified, which directly bound to the MBS element in the promoter of JrWRKY4 and induced its activity. Our study elucidated a novel mechanism of the JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L in regulating walnut resistance to anthracnose. This mechanism improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of WRKY TF mediated resistance to anthracnose in walnut, which provides new insights for molecular breeding of disease-resistant walnuts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Mu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhui Dong
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xichen Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Andi Gong
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyi Yu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Changxi Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jianning Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Liang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Keqiang Yang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
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Deng J, Che X, Gu Y, Qu Y, Liu D. Integrated multi-omics investigation revealed the importance of phenylpropanoid metabolism in the defense response of Lilium regale Wilson to fusarium wilt. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae140. [PMID: 38988612 PMCID: PMC11233880 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Lilies (genus Lilium) play a significant role in the global cut-flower industry, but they are highly susceptible to fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum. However, Lilium regale, a wild lily species, exhibits remarkable resistance to F. oxysporum. To investigate the quantitative resistance of L. regale to fusarium wilt, a comprehensive multi-omics analysis was conducted. Upon inoculation with F. oxysporum, L. regale roots showed a significant accumulation of phenylpropane metabolites, including lignin precursors, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids. These findings were consistent with the upregulated expression of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related genes encoding various enzymes, as revealed by transcriptomics and proteomics analyses. Furthermore, metabolomics and proteomics data demonstrated differential activation of monoterpenoid and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis. Colorimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed significantly higher levels of total flavonoids, lignin, ferulic acid, phlorizin, and quercetin contents in L. regale scales compared with susceptible lily 'Siberia' scales during F. oxysporum infection. These phenylpropanes exhibited inhibitory effects on F. oxysporum growth and suppressed the expression of pathogenicity-related genes. Transcriptional regulatory network analysis suggested that ethylene-responsive transcription factors (ERFs) may positively regulate phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Therefore, LrERF4 was cloned and transiently overexpressed in the fusarium wilt-susceptible Oriental hybrid lily 'Siberia'. The overexpression of LrERF4 resulted in increased levels of total flavonoids, lignin, ferulic acid, phlorizin, and quercetin, while the silencing of LrERF4 in L. regale through RNAi had the opposite effect. In conclusion, phenylpropanoid metabolism plays a crucial role in the defense response of L. regale against fusarium wilt, with LrERF4 acting as a positive regulator of phenylpropane biosynthesis.
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Yu R, Hou Q, Deng H, Xiao L, Cai X, Shang C, Qiao G. Overexpression of PavHIPP16 from Prunus avium enhances cold stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:536. [PMID: 38862890 PMCID: PMC11167810 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05267-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant protein (HIPP) is an important regulatory element in response to abiotic stresses, especially playing a key role in low-temperature response. RESULTS This study investigated the potential function of PavHIPP16 up-regulated in sweet cherry under cold stress by heterologous overexpression in tobacco. The results showed that the overexpression (OE) lines' growth state was better than wild type (WT), and the germination rate, root length, and fresh weight of OE lines were significantly higher than those of WT. In addition, the relative conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the OE of tobacco under low-temperature treatment were substantially lower than those of WT. In contrast, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents were significantly higher than those of WT. Yeast two-hybrid assay (Y2H) and luciferase complementation assay verified the interactions between PavbHLH106 and PavHIPP16, suggesting that these two proteins co-regulated the cold tolerance mechanism in plants. The research results indicated that the transgenic lines could perform better under low-temperature stress by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substance content of the transgenic plants. CONCLUSIONS This study provides genetic resources for analyzing the biological functions of PavHIPPs, which is important for elucidating the mechanisms of cold resistance in sweet cherry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runrun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qiandong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chunqiong Shang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Guang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
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Han P, Wang C, Li F, Li M, Nie J, Xu M, Feng H, Xu L, Jiang C, Guan Q, Huang L. Valsa mali PR1-like protein modulates an apple valine-glutamine protein to suppress JA signaling-mediated immunity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2755-2770. [PMID: 38235781 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Apple Valsa canker (AVC) is a devastating disease of apple (Malus × domestica), caused by Valsa mali (Vm). The Cysteine-rich secretory protein, Antigen 5, and Pathogenesis-related protein 1 (CAP) superfamily protein PATHOGENESIS-RELATED PROTEIN 1-LIKE PROTEIN c (VmPR1c) plays an important role in the pathogenicity of Vm. However, the mechanisms through which it exerts its virulence function in Vm-apple interactions remain unclear. In this study, we identified an apple valine-glutamine (VQ)-motif-containing protein, MdVQ29, as a VmPR1c target protein. MdVQ29-overexpressing transgenic apple plants showed substantially enhanced AVC resistance as compared with the wild type. MdVQ29 interacted with the transcription factor MdWRKY23, which was further shown to bind to the promoter of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling-related gene CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (MdCOI1) and activate its expression to activate the JA signaling pathway. Disease evaluation in lesion areas on infected leaves showed that MdVQ29 positively modulated apple resistance in a MdWRKY23-dependent manner. Furthermore, MdVQ29 promoted the transcriptional activity of MdWRKY23 toward MdCOI1. In addition, VmPR1c suppressed the MdVQ29-enhanced transcriptional activation activity of MdWRKY23 by promoting the degradation of MdVQ29 and inhibiting MdVQ29 expression and the MdVQ29-MdWRKY23 interaction, thereby interfering with the JA signaling pathway and facilitating Vm infection. Overall, our results demonstrate that VmPR1c targets MdVQ29 to manipulate the JA signaling pathway to regulate immunity. Thus, this study provides an important theoretical basis and guidance for mining and utilizing disease-resistance genetic resources for genetically improving apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengliang Han
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chengli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fudong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meilian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiajun Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Liangsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lili Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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8
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Shu P, Li Y, Sheng J, Shen L. Recent Advances in Dissecting the Function of Ethylene in Interaction between Host and Pathogen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4552-4563. [PMID: 38379128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens influence the growth and development of plants, resulting in detrimental damage to their yields and quality. Ethylene, a gaseous phytohormone, serves a pivotal function in modulating diverse physiological processes in plants, including defense mechanisms against pathogen invasion. Ethylene biosynthesis is involved in both plants and pathogens. Recent empirical research elucidates the intricate interactions and regulatory mechanisms between ethylene and pathogens across various plant species. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings concerning ethylene's role and its regulatory networks in host-pathogen interactions. Additionally, we explore the crosstalk between ethylene and other phytohormones. Points regarding ethylene emission and its modulation by pathogens are also emphasized. Moreover, we also discuss potential unresolved issues in the field that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Shu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jiping Sheng
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, P. R. China
| | - Lin Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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9
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Ma QH. Lignin Biosynthesis and Its Diversified Roles in Disease Resistance. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:295. [PMID: 38540353 PMCID: PMC10969841 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lignin is complex, three-dimensional biopolymer existing in plant cell wall. Lignin biosynthesis is increasingly highlighted because it is closely related to the wide applications in agriculture and industry productions, including in pulping process, forage digestibility, bio-fuel, and carbon sequestration. The functions of lignin in planta have also attracted more attentions recently, particularly in plant defense response against different pathogens. In this brief review, the progress in lignin biosynthesis is discussed, and the lignin's roles in disease resistance are thoroughly elucidated. This issue will help in developing broad-spectrum resistant crops in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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10
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Mao K, Yang J, Sun Y, Guo X, Qiu L, Mei Q, Li N, Ma F. MdbHLH160 is stabilized via reduced MdBT2-mediated degradation to promote MdSOD1 and MdDREB2A-like expression for apple drought tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1181-1203. [PMID: 37930306 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a key environmental factor limiting the productivity, quality, and geographic distribution of crops worldwide. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in plant drought stress responses, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report an ABA-responsive bHLH transcription factor, MdbHLH160, which promotes drought tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and apple (Malus domestica). Under drought conditions, MdbHLH160 is directly bound to the MdSOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1) promoter and activated its transcription, thereby triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and enhancing apple drought tolerance. MdbHLH160 also promoted MdSOD1 enzyme activity and accumulation in the nucleus through direct protein interactions, thus inhibiting excessive nuclear ROS levels. Moreover, MdbHLH160 directly upregulated the expression of MdDREB2A-like, a DREB (dehydration-responsive element binding factor) family gene that promotes apple drought tolerance. Protein degradation and ubiquitination assays showed that drought and ABA treatment stabilized MdbHLH160. The BTB protein MdBT2 was identified as an MdbHLH160-interacting protein that promoted MdbHLH160 ubiquitination and degradation, and ABA treatment substantially inhibited this process. Overall, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of ABA-modulated drought tolerance at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels via the ABA-MdBT2-MdbHLH160-MdSOD1/MdDREB2A-like cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quanlin Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Ren J, Chen L, Liu J, Zhou B, Sha Y, Hu G, Peng J. Transcriptomic insights into the molecular mechanism for response of wild emmer wheat to stripe rust fungus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1320976. [PMID: 38235210 PMCID: PMC10791934 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1320976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Continuous identification and application of novel resistance genes against stripe rust are of great importance for wheat breeding. Wild emmer wheat, Triticum dicoccoides, has adapted to a broad range of environments and is a valuable genetic resource that harbors important beneficial traits, including resistance to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). However, there has been a lack of systematic exploration of genes against Pst races in wild emmer wheat. Methods Genome-wide transcriptome profiles were conducted on two wild emmer wheat genotypes with different levels of resistance to (Pst (DR3 exhibiting moderate (Pst resistance, and D7 displaying high (Pst resistance). qRT-PCR was performed to verify findings by RNA-seq. Results A higher number of DEGs were identified in the moderately (Pst-resistant genotype, while the highly (Pst-resistant genotype exhibited a greater enrichment of pathways. Nonetheless, there were consistent patterns in the enrichment of pathways between the two genotypes at the same time of inoculation. At 24 hpi, a majority of pathways such as the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism exhibited significant enrichment in both genotypes. At 72 hpi, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and circadian rhythm-plant pathways were notably and consistently enriched in both genotypes. The majority of (WRKY, MADs , and AP2-ERF families were found to be involved in the initial stage of response to Pst invasion (24 hpi), while the MYB, NAC, TCP, and b-ZIP families played a role in defense during the later stage of Pst infection (72 hpi). Discussion In this present study, we identified numerous crucial genes, transcription factors, and pathways associated with the response and regulation of wild emmer wheat to Pst infection. Our findings offer valuable information for understanding the function of crucial Pst-responsive genes, and will deepen the understanding of the complex resistance mechanisms against Pst in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Bailing Zhou
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Yujie Sha
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Guodong Hu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou, China
| | - Junhua Peng
- Spring Valley Agriscience Co., Ltd, Jinan, China
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12
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Ma N, Sun P, Li ZY, Zhang FJ, Wang XF, You CX, Zhang CL, Zhang Z. Plant disease resistance outputs regulated by AP2/ERF transcription factor family. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:2. [PMID: 38163824 PMCID: PMC10758382 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a complex and elaborate signaling network to respond appropriately to the pathogen invasion by regulating expression of defensive genes through certain transcription factors. The APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) family members have been determined as key regulators in growth, development, and stress responses in plants. Moreover, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the critical roles of AP2/ERFs in plant disease resistance. In this review, we describe recent advances for the function of AP2/ERFs in defense responses against microbial pathogens. We summarize that AP2/ERFs are involved in plant disease resistance by acting downstream of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, and regulating expression of genes associated with hormonal signaling pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and formation of physical barriers in an MAPK-dependent or -independent manner. The present review provides a multidimensional perspective on the functions of AP2/ERFs in plant disease resistance, which will facilitate the understanding and future investigation on the roles of AP2/ERFs in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Sun
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Fu-Jun Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Ling Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhenlu Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China.
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Yang J, Qiu L, Mei Q, Sun Y, Li N, Gong X, Ma F, Mao K. MdHB7-like positively modulates apple salt tolerance by promoting autophagic activity and Na + efflux. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:669-689. [PMID: 37471682 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress adversely affects the yield and quality of crops and limits their geographical distribution. Studying the functions and regulatory mechanisms of key genes in the salt stress response is important for breeding crops with enhanced stress resistance. Autophagy plays an important role in modulating the tolerance of plants to various types of abiotic stressors. However, the mechanisms underlying salt-induced autophagy are largely unknown. Cation/Ca2+ exchanger proteins enhance apple salt tolerance by inhibiting Na+ accumulation but the mechanism underlying the response to salt stress remains unclear. Here, we show that the autophagy-related gene MdATG18a modulated apple salt tolerance. Under salt stress, the autophagic activity, proline content, and antioxidant enzyme activities were higher and Na+ accumulation was lower in MdATG18a-overexpressing transgenic plants than in control plants. The use of an autophagy inhibitor during the salt treatment demonstrated that the regulatory function of MdATG18a depended on autophagy. The yeast-one-hybrid assay revealed that the homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factor MdHB7-like directly bound to the MdATG18a promoter. Transcriptional regulation and genetic analyses showed that MdHB7-like enhanced salt-induced autophagic activity by promoting MdATG18a expression. The analysis of Na+ efflux rate in transgenic yeast indicated that MdCCX1 expression significantly promoted Na+ efflux. Promoter binding, transcriptional regulation, and genetic analyses showed that MdHB7-like promoted Na+ efflux and apple salt tolerance by directly promoting MdCCX1 expression, which was independent of the autophagy pathway. Overall, our findings provide insight into the mechanism underlying MdHB7-like-mediated salt tolerance in apple through the MdHB7-like-MdATG18a and MdHB7-like-MdCCX1 modules. These results will aid future studies on the mechanisms underlying stress-induced autophagy and the regulation of stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quanlin Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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14
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Ma J, Li C, Sun L, Ma X, Qiao H, Zhao W, Yang R, Song S, Wang S, Huang H. The SlWRKY57-SlVQ21/SlVQ16 module regulates salt stress in tomato. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2437-2455. [PMID: 37665103 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major abiotic stress which severely hinders crop production. However, the regulatory network controlling tomato resistance to salt remains unclear. Here, we found that the tomato WRKY transcription factor WRKY57 acted as a negative regulator in salt stress response by directly attenuating the transcription of salt-responsive genes (SlRD29B and SlDREB2) and an ion homeostasis gene (SlSOS1). We further identified two VQ-motif containing proteins SlVQ16 and SlVQ21 as SlWRKY57-interacting proteins. SlVQ16 positively, while SlVQ21 negatively modulated tomato resistance to salt stress. SlVQ16 and SlVQ21 competitively interacted with SlWRKY57 and antagonistically regulated the transcriptional repression activity of SlWRKY57. Additionally, the SlWRKY57-SlVQ21/SlVQ16 module was involved in the pathway of phytohormone jasmonates (JAs) by interacting with JA repressors JA-ZIM domain (JAZ) proteins. These results provide new insights into how the SlWRKY57-SlVQ21/SlVQ16 module finely tunes tomato salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilin Ma
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Chonghua Li
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xuechun Ma
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Susheng Song
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
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15
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Wu J, Cheng L, Espley R, Ma F, Malnoy M. Focus on fruit crops. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1659-1665. [PMID: 37148289 PMCID: PMC10315308 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Lailiang Cheng
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Richard Espley
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Mt. Albert Research Centre, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Edmund Mach 1, San Michele all’Adige 38098, Italy
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