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Cha KH, Jensen GC, Balijepalli AS, Cohan BE, Meyerhoff ME. Evaluation of Commercial Glucometer Test Strips for Potential Measurement of Glucose in Tears. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1902-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4040168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Ha Cha
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Gary C. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Anant S. Balijepalli
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Bruce E. Cohan
- EyeLab Group LLC, 2350 Washtenaw
Avenue No. 4, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48104-4525, United States
| | - Mark E. Meyerhoff
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
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2
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Monitoring of PQQ-Dependent Glucose Dehydrogenase Substrate Specificity for Its Potential Use in Biocatalysis and Bioanalysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:1032-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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3
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Zhang K, Li H, Bhuripanyo K, Zhao B, Chen TF, Zheng N, Yin J. Engineering new protein-protein interactions on the β-propeller fold by yeast cell surface display. Chembiochem 2013; 14:426-30. [PMID: 23401304 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
REINVENTING THE WHEEL: The β-propeller domain folds like a wheel to provide key protein-protein interactions in the cell. Here we used high-throughput yeast sorting to "invent" β-propellers of new binding specificities with cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keya Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 E57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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4
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Chumanov RS, Burgess RR. Artifact-inducing enrichment of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and ethyleneglycoltetraacetic acid on anion exchange resins. Anal Biochem 2011; 412:34-9. [PMID: 21272559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent metal chelators, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and ethyleneglycoltetraacetic acid (EGTA), are used extensively during protein purification. Both strong (Q) and weak (DEAE) anion exchange resins were found to adsorb surprisingly large quantities of EDTA and EGTA that elute from the resin at NaCl concentrations of approximately 240 mM (EDTA) and 140 mM (EGTA). The EDTA/EGTA elution and saturation parameters were determined for five commonly used anion exchange resins. The resulting concentration of eluted EDTA was 10- to 200-fold higher than that originally present in the sample or in the mobile phase. Samples from fractions containing such a high concentration of EDTA were found to inhibit Mg(2+)-dependent polymerase chain reaction (PCR). EDTA binding to the anion exchange resins could saturate the resin, decrease its binding capacity, and displace weakly bound proteins such as green fluorescent protein (GFP). Several steps are suggested to minimize on-column EDTA concentration, including column equilibration in the absence of any EDTA, lower concentrations (0.1-0.5mM) of EDTA, monitoring eluate absorbance at 280 nm as well as at 215 nm, adding EDTA back into fractions eluting before the EDTA peak, and performing blank column runs to control for the effect of changes in EDTA concentration in downstream assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Chumanov
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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5
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Sashidhar B, Podile AR. Mineral phosphate solubilization by rhizosphere bacteria and scope for manipulation of the direct oxidation pathway involving glucose dehydrogenase. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 109:1-12. [PMID: 20070432 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04654.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbial biodiversity in the soil plays a significant role in metabolism of complex molecules, helps in plant nutrition and offers countless new genes, biochemical pathways, antibiotics and other metabolites, useful molecules for agronomic productivity. Phosphorus being the second most important macro-nutrient required by the plants, next to nitrogen, its availability in soluble form in the soils is of great importance in agriculture. Microbes present in the soil employ different strategies to make use of unavailable forms of phosphate and in turn also help plants making phosphate available for plant use. Azotobacter, a free-living nitrogen fixer, is known to increase the fertility of the soil and in turn the productivity of different crops. The glucose dehydrogenase gene, the first enzyme in the direct oxidation pathway, contributes significantly to mineral phosphate solubilization ability in several Gram-negative bacteria. It is possible to enhance further the biofertilizer potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria by introducing the genes involved mineral phosphate solubilization without affecting their ability to fix nitrogen or produce phytohormones for dual benefit to agricultural crops. Glucose dehydrogenases from Gram-negative bacteria can be engineered to improve their ability to use different substrates, function at higher temperatures and EDTA tolerance, etc., through site-directed mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sashidhar
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Central University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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6
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Cloning of D-glucose dehydrogenase with a narrow substrate specificity fromBacillus thuringiensis M15. ANN MICROBIOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03175011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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7
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Sharma V, Kumar V, Archana G, Kumar GN. Substrate specificity of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) of Enterobacter asburiae PSI3 and rock phosphate solubilization with GDH substrates as C sources. Can J Microbiol 2005; 51:477-82. [PMID: 16121225 DOI: 10.1139/w05-032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Enterobacter asburiae PSI3 is a rhizospheric isolate that solubilizes mineral phosphates by the action of a phosphate starvation-inducible GDH (EC 1.1.5.2). We report here that GDH activity of this isolate shows broad substrate range, being able to act on mono and disaccharides. Enterobacter asburiae PSI3 was proficient at bringing about a drop in pH and solubilization of RP with the use of 75 mmol/L of each of the GDH substrate sugars tested as the sole C source. It liberated amounts of P ranging from 450 micromol/L (on arabinose) to 890 micromol/L (on glucose). When grown on a mixture of 7 GDH substrates at concentrations of 15 mmol/L each, the bacterium solubilized RP equivalent to 46% of the value when 75 mmol glucose/L was the C source. HPLC analysis of the culture supernatant under these conditions showed that the acidification of the media is primarily due to the production of organic acids. The significance of these results on the efficacy of E. asburiae PSI3 at solubilizing phosphates under rhizospheric conditions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara-390002, Gujarat, India
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8
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Koga Y, Haruki M, Morikawa M, Kanaya S. Stabilities of chimeras of hyperthermophilic and mesophilic glycerol kinases constructed by DNA shuffling. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 91:551-6. [PMID: 16233038 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.91.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2001] [Accepted: 03/06/2001] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol kinases from Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1 (Tk-GK) and Escherichia coli (Ec-GK) greatly differ in thermostability. The temperature (T(1/2)) at which the enzymes lose half of their activity upon incubation for 20 min is 50-55 degrees C for Ec-GK and approximately 95 degrees C for Tk-GK. To examine whether the amino acid substitutions that make Tk-GK more stable than Ec-GK are localized in a limited region, the chimeras of two parental genes encoding Tk-GK and Ec-GK were constructed by DNA shuffling. E. coli cells were transformed with a plasmid library harboring these chimeras and screened for those tht produce chimeric enzymes which are more stable than Ec-GK. Four chimeric enzymes were isolated and purified, and their biochemical properties characterized. Replacement of 83 or 93 residues in the C-terminus of Ec-GK with the corresponding ones of Tk-GK increased the T(1/2) value of Ec-GK by 25-30 degrees C. In contrast, replacement of 85 residues in the N-terminus of Ec-GK with the corresponding ones of Tk-GK reduced the T(1/2) value by 5-10 degrees C. In addition, replacement of 10 residues in the C-terminus of Tk-GK with the corresponding ones of Ec-GK reduced the T(1/2) value ot Tk-GK by approximately 15 degrees C. Measurement of the far-UV CD spectra indicates that the three-dimensional structures of the chimeric enzymes, as well as those of the parent enzymes, are similar to one another. These results suggest that the amino acid substitutions responsible for the high stability of Tk-GK are largely localized in the C-terminal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Koga
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Anthony C. The quinoprotein dehydrogenases for methanol and glucose. Arch Biochem Biophys 2004; 428:2-9. [PMID: 15234264 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2004.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2004] [Revised: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises our current understanding of two of the main types of quinoprotein dehydrogenase in which pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is the only prosthetic group. These are the soluble methanol dehydrogenase and the membrane glucose dehydrogenase (mGDH). The membrane GDH has an additional N-terminal domain by which it is tightly anchored to the membrane, and a periplasmic domain whose structure has been modelled on the X-ray structure of the alpha-subunit of MDH which contains PQQ in the active site. This review discusses their structures and mechanisms, concentrating particularly on the pathways for electron transfer from the reduced PQQ, through the protein, to their electron acceptors. In MDH, this is the specific cytochrome c(L), the electron transfer pathway probably involving the unique disulphide ring in the active site. By contrast, mGDH contains a permanently bound ubiquinone, which acts as a single electron carrier, mediating electron transfer through the protein to the membrane ubiquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Anthony
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK.
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10
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Igarashi S, Okuda J, Ikebukuro K, Sode K. Molecular engineering of PQQGDH and its applications. Arch Biochem Biophys 2004; 428:52-63. [PMID: 15234269 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2004.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2004] [Revised: 06/07/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Igarashi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1, Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
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11
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Igarashi S, Hirokawa T, Sode K. Engineering PQQ glucose dehydrogenase with improved substrate specificity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 21:81-9. [PMID: 15113562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioeng.2003.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2003] [Revised: 12/22/2003] [Accepted: 12/23/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Site-directed mutagenesis was carried out on the active site of water-soluble PQQ glucose dehydrogenase (PQQGDH-B) to improve its substrate specificity. Amino acid substitution of His168 resulted in a drastic decrease in the enzyme's catalytic activity, consistent with its putative catalytic role. Substitutions were also carried out in neighboring residues, Lys166, Asp167, and Gln169, in an attempt to alter the enzyme's substrate binding site. Lys166 and Gln169 mutants showed only minor changes in substrate specificity profiles. In sharp contrast, mutants of Asp167 showed considerably altered specificity profiles. Of the numerous Asp167 mutants characterized, Asp167Glu showed the best substrate specificity profile, while retaining most of its catalytic activity for glucose and stability. We also investigated the cumulative effect of combining the Asp167Glu substitution with the previously reported Asn452Thr mutation. Interpretation of the effect of the replacement of Asp167 to Glu on the alteration of substrate specificity in relation with the predicted 3D model of PQQGDH-B is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Igarashi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
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12
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James PL, Anthony C. The metal ion in the active site of the membrane glucose dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1647:200-5. [PMID: 12686133 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-9639(03)00041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
All pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-containing dehydrogenases whose structures are known contain Ca(2+) bonded to the PQQ at the active site. However, membrane glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) requires reconstitution with PQQ and Mg(2+) ions (but not Ca(2+)) for activity. To address the question of whether the Mg(2+) replaces the usual active site Ca(2+) in this enzyme, mutant GDHs were produced in which residues proposed to be involved in binding metal ion were modified (D354N-GDH and N355D-GDH and D354N-GDH/N355D-GDH). The most remarkable observation was that reconstitution with PQQ of the mutant enzymes was not supported by Mg(2+) ions as in the wild-type GDH, but it could be supported by Ca(2+), Sr(2+) or Ba(2+) ions. This was competitively inhibited by Mg(2+). This result, together with studies on the kinetics of the modified enzymes have led to the conclusion that, although a Ca(2+) ion is able to form part of the active site of the genetically modified GDH, as in all other PQQ-containing quinoproteins, a Mg(2+) ion surprisingly replaces Ca(2+) in the active site of the wild-type GDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L James
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton S016 7PX, Hants, UK
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13
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Okuda J, Wakai J, Sode K. THE APPLICATION OF CYTOCHROMES AS THE INTERFACE MOLECULE TO FACILITATE THE ELECTRON TRANSFER FOR PQQ GLUCOSE DEHYDROGENASE EMPLOYING MEDIATOR TYPE GLUCOSE SENSOR. ANAL LETT 2002. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120006723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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14
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Construction and characterization of chimeric enzymes of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Thermotoga maritima β-glucosidases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(01)00043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Witarto AB, Sode K. Increasing the hydrophobic interaction between terminal W-motifs enhances the stability of Salmonella typhimurium sialidase. A general strategy for the stabilization of beta-propeller protein fold. PROTEIN ENGINEERING 2001; 14:891-6. [PMID: 11742108 DOI: 10.1093/protein/14.11.891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein engineering of the beta-propeller protein aimed at enhancing the structural stability of the protein was carried out using a monomeric single domain beta-propeller protein, Salmonella typhimurium sialidase, as a model. Ala53 and Ala69 each located at strands B and C of the W1 motif were mutated to Leu and Val, respectively, to increase the hydrophobic interaction between W1 and W6 motifs. The mutants showed enhanced stability towards guanidine hydrochloride and thermal unfolding. Ala53Leu showed higher stability, probably owing to the capability of the mutated Leu to interact extensively with more residues involved in the hydrophobic interactions between the terminal W-motifs. The mutations, which are located far from the active site, have no significant effect on the enzymatic properties. The strategy to enhance the stability proposed here might be applied to the other beta-propeller proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Witarto
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-machi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8558, Japan
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16
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Abstract
This review summarises the characteristics, identification, and measurement of pyrroloquinoline quinone, the prosthetic group of bacterial quinoprotein dehydrogenases whose structures, mechanisms, and electron transport functions are described in detail. Type I alcohol dehydrogenase includes the "classic" methanol dehydrogenase; its x-ray structure and mechanism are discussed in detail. It is likely that its mechanism involves a direct hydride transfer rather than a mechanism involving a covalent adduct. The x-ray structure of a closely related ethanol dehydrogenase is also described. The type II alcohol dehydrogenase is a soluble quinohaemoprotein, having a C-terminal extension containing haem C, which provides an excellent opportunity for the study of intraprotein electron transfer processes. The type III alcohol dehydrogenase is similar but it has two additional subunits (one of which is a multihaem cytochrome c) bound in an unusual way to the periplasmic membrane. One type of glucose dehydrogenase is a soluble quinoprotein whose role in energy transduction is uncertain. Its x-ray structure (in the presence and absence of substrate) is described together with the detailed mechanism, which also involves a direct hydride transfer. The more widely distributed glucose dehydrogenases are integral membrane proteins, bound to the membrane by transmembrane helices at the N-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Anthony
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, UK.
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17
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Afolabi PR, Mohammed F, Amaratunga K, Majekodunmi O, Dales SL, Gill R, Thompson D, Cooper JB, Wood SP, Goodwin PM, Anthony C. Site-directed mutagenesis and X-ray crystallography of the PQQ-containing quinoprotein methanol dehydrogenase and its electron acceptor, cytochrome c(L). Biochemistry 2001; 40:9799-809. [PMID: 11502173 DOI: 10.1021/bi002932l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two proteins specifically involved in methanol oxidation in the methylotrophic bacterium Methylobacterium extorquens have been modified by site-directed mutagenesis. Mutation of the proposed active site base (Asp303) to glutamate in methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) gave an active enzyme (D303E-MDH) with a greatly reduced affinity for substrate and with a lower activation energy. Results of kinetic and deuterium isotope studies showed that the essential mechanism in the mutant protein was unchanged, and that the step requiring activation by ammonia remained rate limiting. No spectrally detectable intermediates could be observed during the reaction. The X-ray structure, determined to 3 A resolution, of D303E-MDH showed that the position and coordination geometry of the Ca2+ ion in the active site was altered; the larger Glu303 side chain was coordinated to the Ca2+ ion and also hydrogen bonded to the O5 atom of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). The properties and structure of the D303E-MDH are consistent with the previous proposal that the reaction in MDH is initiated by proton abstraction involving Asp303, and that the mechanism involves a direct hydride transfer reaction. Mutation of the two adjacent cysteine residues that make up the novel disulfide ring in the active site of MDH led to an inactive enzyme, confirming the essential role of this remarkable ring structure. Mutations of cytochrome c(L), which is the electron acceptor from MDH was used to identify Met109 as the sixth ligand to the heme.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Afolabi
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK
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18
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Kulys J, Tetianec L, Schneider P. Recombinant Microdochium nivale carbohydrate oxidase and its application in an amperometric glucose sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2001; 16:319-24. [PMID: 11390220 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(01)00128-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors containing recombinant carbohydrate oxidase from Microdochium nivale (rMnO) were developed by means of either chemically modified carbon paste or graphite electrode. 1-(N,N-dimethylamine)-4-(4-morpholine)benzene (AMB) and 1,1'-dimethylferrocene (DMFc) have been used as mediators. The biosensors showed a linear calibration graph up to 18 mM of glucose when operated at 0.04-0.36 V versus a saturated calomel electrode. Almost no change was detected in the sensitivity of the biosensors at pH 7.2-8.1. The biosensors responded to other aldoses in the D-configuration, however, maximal sensitivity of the biosensor was towards D-glucose. The biosensor did not response to polyhydroxylic compounds such as D-mannitol, D-sorbitol and inositol. The advantages of the biosensors based on rMnO in comparison to Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase is a wider linear range, low sensitivity to oxygen and (in some cases) broad specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kulys
- Institute of Biochemistry, Mokslininku 12, 2600 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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19
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Ostermeier M, Benkovic SJ. Evolution of protein function by domain swapping. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY 2001; 55:29-77. [PMID: 11050932 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3233(01)55002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ostermeier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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20
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Stabilities of chimeras of hyperthermophilic and mesophilic glycerol kinases constructed by DNA shuffling. J Biosci Bioeng 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(01)80172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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TAKAHASHI Y, IGARASHI S, NAKAZAWA Y, TSUGAWA W, SODE K. Construction and Characterization of Glucose Enzyme Sensor Employing Engineered Water Soluble PQQ Glucose Dehydrogenase with Improved Thermal Stability. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.68.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka TAKAHASHI
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Satoshi IGARASHI
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Yukie NAKAZAWA
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Wakako TSUGAWA
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Koji SODE
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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22
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YAMAZAKI T, YASUTAKE N, SODE K. Surface Deposition Method; A Novel Protein Immobilization Procedure on a Sensor Surface. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2000. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.68.882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko YAMAZAKI
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Nozomu YASUTAKE
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Koji SODE
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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23
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Yamazaki T, Kojima K, Sode K. Extended-range glucose sensor employing engineered glucose dehydrogenases. Anal Chem 2000; 72:4689-93. [PMID: 11028632 DOI: 10.1021/ac000151k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme glucose sensor with an expanded dynamic range was constructed using a novel strategy. This strategy was based on a new concept of utilizing protein-engineered enzymes with a different Michaelis constant, which allows for the expanded dynamic range. We used the engineered Escherichia coli pyrroloquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (PQQGDH) of which His775 was substituted for Asp which showed an increased Km value (25-fold). We first constructed the composite colorimetric analytical system employing the wild-type PQQGDH and His775Asp and evaluated its dynamic range. The composite colorimetric analytical system was constructed and showed a wide dynamic range of 0.5-30 mM with less than +/-5% error. The composite colorimetric analytical system, an extended-range colorimetric analytical system, enabled the determination of the concentration of glucose over a 30-fold range that could not have been achieved using the single colorimetric analytical system. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the composite amperometric glucose sensor employing the combination of His775Asn and His775Asp. The extended-range glucose sensor acquired not only the expanded dynamic range (3-70 mM) that covered both dynamic ranges of the single enzyme sensors but also the narrower substrate specificity of glucose due to the inherited property of engineered enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamazaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Nakamachi, Koganei, Japan
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25
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Increasing the thermal stability of the water-soluble pyrroloquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase by single amino acid replacement. Enzyme Microb Technol 2000; 26:491-496. [PMID: 10771051 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(99)00196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Based on the characterization of a PCR mutation of water-soluble glucose dehydrogenase possessing pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), PQQGDH-B, Ser231Cys, we have constructed a series of Ser231 variants. The replacement of Ser231 to Cys, Met, Leu, Asp, Asn, His, or Lys resulted in an increase in thermal stability. Among these variants, Ser231Lys showed the highest level of thermal stability and also showed high catalytic activity. Considering that Ser231Lys showed more than an 8-fold increase in its half-life during the thermal inactivation at 55 degrees C compared with the wild-type enzyme, and also retained catalytic activity similar to a wild-type enzyme, the application of this mutant enzyme as a glucose sensor constituent may develop into a stable glucose sensor construction.
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Igarashi S, Ohtera T, Yoshida H, Witarto AB, Sode K. Construction and characterization of mutant water-soluble PQQ glucose dehydrogenases with altered K(m) values--site-directed mutagenesis studies on the putative active site. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 264:820-4. [PMID: 10544015 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Based on a PCR mutant enzyme of water-soluble glucose dehydrogenase-harboring pyrroloquinoline quinone as the prosthetic group, PQQGDH-B, a site-directed mutagenesis study was carried out. The substitution of Glu277 residue with Gly resulted in a decrease in the K(m) value for glucose and altered the substrate specificity profile, compared with the wild-type enzyme. Mutational analyses on the neighboring amino acid residues of Glu277 were also carried out and constructed Asp275Glu, Asp276Glu, Ile278Phe, and Asn279His. Considering that Asp275Glu, Asp276Glu and also Glu277Gly showed drastic decreases in EDTA tolerance, this region may construct a PQQGDH-B putative active site, such as a binding site for Ca(2+), which is responsible for the binding PQQ. A series of Glu277 variants, Glu277 substituted by Ala, Val, Asp, Asn, His, Gln, or to Lys, was constructed and they all showed decreased K(m) values and altered substrate specificity profiles. Among them, Glu277Lys showed similar thermal stability with the wild-type enzyme, but its catalytic efficiency increased significantly, compared with the wild-type enzyme. The potential applications of Glu277Lys in analytical use are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Igarashi
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
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