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Nowak JS, Otzen DE. Helping proteins come in from the cold: 5 burning questions about cold-active enzymes. BBA ADVANCES 2023; 5:100104. [PMID: 38162634 PMCID: PMC10755280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2023.100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymes from psychrophilic (cold-loving) organisms have attracted considerable interest over the past decades for their potential in various low-temperature industrial processes. However, we still lack large-scale commercialization of their activities. Here, we review their properties, limitations and potential. Our review is structured around answers to 5 central questions: 1. How do cold-active enzymes achieve high catalytic rates at low temperatures? 2. How is protein flexibility connected to cold-activity? 3. What are the sequence-based and structural determinants for cold-activity? 4. How does the thermodynamic stability of psychrophilic enzymes reflect their cold-active capabilities? 5. How do we effectively identify novel cold-active enzymes, and can we apply them in an industrial context? We conclude that emerging screening technologies combined with big-data handling and analysis make it reasonable to expect a bright future for our understanding and exploitation of cold-active enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stanislaw Nowak
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK – 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel E. Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK – 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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2
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Mostaraddi S, Pazhang M, Ebadi-Nahari M, Najavand S. The Relationship Between the Cross-Linker on Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles and the Properties of Immobilized Papain. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1809-1823. [PMID: 36795275 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The immobilized enzymes' properties can be affected by cross-linkers on the surface of supports. To study how cross-linkers alter enzymes function, chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (CMNPs) with immobilized papain were prepared using glutaraldehyde and or genipin, and then, the properties of the nanoparticles and the immobilized enzymes were assessed. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results showed that the CMNPs were prepared and papain molecules were immobilized on CMNPs by glutaraldehyde (CMNP-Glu-Papain) or by genipin (CMNP-Gen-Papain). Also, the results associated with enzymes activity indicated that the immobilization by glutaraldehyde and genipin increased the pH optimum of papain from 7 to 7.5 and 9, respectively. The kinetic results indicated that the immobilization by genipin slightly affects the enzyme affinity to the substrate. The stability results showed that CMNP-Gen-Papain has more thermal stability than CMNP-Glu-Papain and papain immobilization on CMNPs by genipin leads to stabilization of the enzyme in the presence of polar solvents, probably due to the more hydroxyl groups on CMNPs activated by genipin. In conclusion, this study suggests that there is a relationship between the types of cross-linker on the surface of supports, and the mechanism of action, kinetic parameters, and the stability of immobilized papain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Mostaraddi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pazhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ebadi-Nahari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Najavand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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3
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Zhao L, Ma Z, Wang Q, Hu M, Zhang J, Chen L, Shi G, Ding Z. Engineering the Thermostability of Sucrose Synthase by Reshaping the Subunit Interaction Contributes to Efficient UDP-Glucose Production. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3832-3841. [PMID: 36795895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The restricted availability of UDP-glucose, an essential precursor that targets oligo/polysaccharide and glycoside synthesis, makes its practical application difficult. Sucrose synthase (Susy), which catalyzes one-step UDP-glucose synthesis, is a promising candidate. However, due to poor thermostability of Susy, mesophilic conditions are required for synthesis, which slow down the process, limit productivity, and prevent scaled and efficient UDP-glucose preparation. Here, we obtained an engineered thermostable Susy (mutant M4) from Nitrosospira multiformis through automated prediction and greedy accumulation of beneficial mutations. The mutant improved the T1/2 value at 55 °C by 27-fold, resulting in UDP-glucose synthesis at 37 g/L/h of space-time yield that met industrial biotransformation standards. Furthermore, global interaction between mutant M4 subunits was reconstructed by newly formed interfaces according to molecular dynamics simulations, with residue Trp162 playing an important role in strengthening the interface interaction. This work enabled effective, time-saving UDP-glucose production and paved the way for rational thermostability engineering of oligomeric enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhongbao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Manfeng Hu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingxiang Zhang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guiyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhongyang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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4
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An Updated review on production of food derived bioactive peptides; focus on the psychrotrophic bacterial proteases. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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5
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Exploiting the activity-stability trade-off of glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger using a simple approach to calculate thermostability of mutants. Food Chem 2020; 342:128270. [PMID: 33069526 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (Gox) is a biocatalyst that is widely applied in the food industry, as well as other biotechnological industries. However, the industrial application of Gox is hampered by its low thermostability and activity. Here, we aimed to improve the thermostability of GoxM4 from Aspergillus niger without reducing its activity due to the activity-stability trade-off. A simple and effective approach combining enzyme activity and structure stability was adopted to evaluate the thermostability of GoxM4 and its mutants. After four rounds of computer-aided rational design, the best mutant, GoxM8, was obtained. The melting temperature (Tm) of GoxM8 was increased by 9 °C compared with GoxM4. The catalytic efficiency of GoxM8 was similar to GoxM4, suggesting that the enzyme activity-stability trade-off was counteracted. To explore its mechanism, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of GoxM4 and its mutants. Our findings provided a typical example for researching the enzyme activity-stability trade-off.
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6
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Hu Y, Li T, Tu Z, He Q, Li Y, Fu J. Engineering a recombination neutral protease I from Aspergillus oryzae to improve enzyme activity at acidic pH. RSC Adv 2020; 10:30692-30699. [PMID: 35516032 PMCID: PMC9056373 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05462c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular neutral proteases (NPs) in Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae) play a role in hydrolyzing soybean proteins into smaller peptides at pH about 7.5. The optimum pH of moromi fermentation (The second stage of soy sauce fermentation.) is 4.5-5.5. NPI is acid sensitive. To decrease the pH optimum of NPI, we got a mutant NPI-Y122FK246ID382V from the error-prone PCR library that showed optimal activity at pH 5.5. The specific activity at 40 °C of the NPI-Y122FK246ID382V mutant was 1383.50 U mg-1, which was 2.75-fold that of wild-type (503.09 U mg-1). The Michaelis constants of the mutant decreased from 22.13 mM (wild-type) to 19.98 mM (NPI-Y122FK246ID382V). The residues at positions 122 and 246 are important in influencing hydrolytic activity at pH 5.5 through site-directed mutagenesis. And the pH optimum of double amino acid mutants (Y122FK246I) shifted dramatically to an acidic pH compared to those of single amino acid substitution. Molecular models and structural comparisons of native and mutant provided further insight on the basis to improve catalytic efficiency at acidic pH. These results indicated that we modified the neutral protease I of Aspergillus oryzae, which can effectively improve the application of the neutral protease in industrial production, and finally lay the foundation for improving the utilization rate of raw protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China +86-791-8333708
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China +86-791-8333708
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Zhui Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China +86-791-8333708
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Sciences, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Qinghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China +86-791-8333708
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Sciences, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Yanping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China +86-791-8333708
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Analytical Sciences, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
| | - Jinheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China +86-791-8333708
- Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University No. 235 Nanjing East Road Nanchang 330047 China
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7
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Huijbers MME, Wu JW, Westphal AH, Berkel WJH. Dimerization of Proline Dehydrogenase from
Thermus thermophilus
Is Crucial for Its Thermostability. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800540. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mieke M. E. Huijbers
- Laboratory of BiochemistryWageningen University & ResearchStippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Jenny W. Wu
- Laboratory of BiochemistryWageningen University & ResearchStippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Adrie H. Westphal
- Laboratory of BiochemistryWageningen University & ResearchStippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Willem J. H. Berkel
- Laboratory of BiochemistryWageningen University & ResearchStippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen The Netherlands
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8
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The potential impact of carboxylic-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes on trypsin: A Comprehensive spectroscopic and molecular dynamics simulation study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198519. [PMID: 29856868 PMCID: PMC5983559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report a detailed experimental, binding free energy calculation and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation investigation of the interactions of carboxylic-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-f-MWCNTs) with porcine trypsin (pTry). The enzyme exhibits decreased thermostability at 330K in the presence of COOH-f-MWCNTs. Furthermore, the activity of pTry also decreases in the presence of COOH-f-MWCNTs. The restricted diffusion of the substrate to the active site of the enzyme was observed in the experiment. The MD simulation analysis suggested that this could be because of the blocking of the S1 pocket of pTry, which plays a vital role in the substrate selectivity. The intrinsic fluorescence of pTry is quenched with increase in the COOH-f-MWCNTs concentration. Circular dichroism (CD) and UV–visible absorption spectroscopies indicate the ability of COOH-f-MWCNTs to experience conformational change in the native structure of the enzyme. The binding free energy calculations also show that electrostatics, π-cation, and π-π stacking interactions play important roles in the binding of the carboxylated CNTs with pTry. The MD simulation results demonstrated that the carboxylated CNTs adsorb to the enzyme stronger than the CNT without the–COOH groups. Our observations can provide an example of the nanoscale toxicity of COOH-f-MWCNTs for proteins, which is a critical issue for in vivo application of COOH-f-MWCNTs.
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9
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Establishment of Aromatic Pairs at the Surface of Chondroitinase ABC I: the Effect on Activity and Stability. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:358-370. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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10
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Siddiqui KS. Defying the activity–stability trade-off in enzymes: taking advantage of entropy to enhance activity and thermostability. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:309-322. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2016.1144045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khawar Sohail Siddiqui
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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11
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Rational Substitution of Surface Acidic Residues for Enhancing the Thermostability of Thermolysin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:725-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Chamani R, Asghari SM, Alizadeh AM, Eskandari S, Mansouri K, Khodarahmi R, Taghdir M, Heidari Z, Gorji A, Aliakbar A, Ranjbar B, Khajeh K. Engineering of a disulfide loop instead of a Zn binding loop restores the anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activities of the N-terminal fragment of endostatin: Mechanistic and therapeutic insights. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 72:73-82. [PMID: 26187352 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Although considerable effort has been devoted to understanding the molecular mechanism of endostatin's anti-cancer activity, the role of its Zn bound N-terminal loop has not been completely clarified. To investigate whether Zn binding or the N-terminal loop is involved in the anti-cancer properties of endostatin, we compared the structure and biological activity of a native Zn binding endostatin peptide (ES-Zn) with three variants: a Zn free variant (ES), a variant containing both a Zn binding site and a disulfide bond (ES-SSZn), and a variant including a disulfide loop but incapable of Zn binding (ES-SS). Spectroscopic studies indicated that ES-Zn and ES-SS consist of random coil and β structures, whereas ES-SSZn and ES fold into random coils. Theoretical analysis proposed that ES-Zn and ES-SS have a similar binding site to αVβ3 integrin. The anti-proliferative activity of endostatin was retained by all peptides except ES, and the in vitro anti-angiogenic property was preserved in ES-Zn and ES-SS. Remarkably, breast tumor growth and CD31 activity were inhibited more effectively by ES-SS than by ES-Zn. Therefore, a correlation exists between the N-terminal loop and anti-cancer properties of endostatin fragment and a disulfide loop may be more promising than a Zn binding loop for inhibiting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Chamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - S Mohsen Asghari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | | | - Sedigheh Eskandari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Majid Taghdir
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alireza Aliakbar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Bijan Ranjbar
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Pazhang M, Mehrnejad F, Pazhang Y, Falahati H, Chaparzadeh N. Effect of sorbitol and glycerol on the stability of trypsin and difference between their stabilization effects in the various solvents. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:206-13. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Pazhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University; Tabriz Iran
| | - Faramarz Mehrnejad
- Department of Life Science Engineering; Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran; Tehran Iran
| | - Yaghub Pazhang
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Science, Urmia University; Urmia Iran
| | - Hanieh Falahati
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology; Princeton University; Princeton NJ USA
| | - Nader Chaparzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology; Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University; Tabriz Iran
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14
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Enhancement of thermostability and resistance against autolysis in a zinc metalloprotease. Eng Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201200218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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15
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Beigi L, Karbalaei-Heidari HR, Kharrati-Kopaei M. Optimization of an extracellular zinc-metalloprotease (SVP2) expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using response surface methodology. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 84:161-6. [PMID: 22609736 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, SVP2 from Salinivibrio proteolyticus strain AF-2004, a zinc metalloprotease with suitable biotechnological applications, was cloned for expression at high levels in Escherichia coli with the intention of changing culture conditions to generate a stable extracellular enzyme extract. The complete ORF of SVP2 gene was heterologously expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) by using pQE-80L expression vector system. In initial step, the effect of seven factors include: incubation temperature, peptone and yeast extract concentration, cell density (OD600) before induction, inducer (IPTG) concentration, induction time, and Ca(2+) ion concentrations on extracellular recombinant SVP2 expression and stability were investigated. The primary results revealed that the IPTG concentration, Ca(2+) ion concentration and induction time are the most important effectors on protease secretion by recombinant E. coli BL21. Central composite design experiment in the following showed that the maximum protease activity (522 U/ml) was achieved in 0.0089 mM IPTG for 24h at 30 °C, an OD600 of 2, 0.5% of peptone and yeast extract, and a Ca(2+) ion concentration of 1.3 mM. The results exhibited that the minimum level of IPTG concentration along with high cell density and medium level of Ca(2+) with prolonged induction time provided the best culture condition for maximum extracellular production of heterologous protease SVP2 in E. coli expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Beigi
- Molecular Biotechnology Lab., Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, P.O. Box 71467-13565 Shiraz, Iran
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16
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Asghari SM, Khajeh K, Dalfard AB, Pazhang M, Karbalaei-Heidari HR. Temperature, organic solvent and pH stabilization of the neutral protease from Salinovibrio proteolyticus: significance of the structural calcium. BMB Rep 2012; 44:665-8. [PMID: 22027000 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2011.44.10.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to clarify the impact of Ca-binding sites (Ca1 and 2) on the conformational stability of neutral proteases (NPs), we have analyzed the thermal, pH and organic solvent stability of a NP variant, V189P/A195E/G203D/A268E (Q-mutant), from Salinovibrio proteolyticus. This mutant has shown to bind calcium more tightly than the wild-type (WT) at Ca1 and to possess Ca2. Q-mutant was resisted against autolysis, thermoinactivation and pH denaturation in a Ca-dependent manner and exhibited better activity in organic solvents compared to the WT enzyme. These results imply that Ca1 and Ca2 are important for the conformational stability of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohsen Asghari
- Department of Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Mahdavi A, Sajedi RH, Asghari SM, Taghdir M, Rassa M. An analysis of temperature adaptation in cold active, mesophilic and thermophilic Bacillus α-amylases. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 49:1038-45. [PMID: 21907234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atiyeh Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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18
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Kinetic Stability Modelling of Keratinolytic Protease P45: Influence of Temperature and Metal Ions. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 165:1740-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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