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Chambers TP, Poidomani J. “Like Nothing I’ve Seen Before”: A Qualitative Inquiry Into the Lived Experience of Competing in a Trail Running Event. Front Psychol 2022; 13:817685. [PMID: 35360602 PMCID: PMC8963904 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.817685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A recent upsurge in nature-based exercise research demonstrates the potential added benefits of exercising in this context compared to more urban ones. Yet there is a lack of qualitative research investigating the lived experiences of those who participate in nature-based exercise events. Objective To explore the lived experience of individuals who were first-time participants in a nature-based running event. Method Six participants who completed the Run Forrest trail run for the first time were individually interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were devised, and participants were invited to talk about their experiences of running in the event. Interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results Following data analysis, two superordinate themes were constructed to resemble participant experiences. “Maintaining good health is vital” reflected participants’ personal theory of health and their perceived benefits of exercise. “Nature as a special place” reflected the atmospheric characteristics of the event, including the pre-event set-up and the actual running event itself. Conclusion Analysis suggests that participants considered the event and natural environment to provide unique value adding opportunities that encouraged positive experiences. These results also reaffirm the positive benefits associated with nature-based exercise, including potential benefits to individual wellbeing. Further research in this context may strengthen our collective understanding regarding individual motivation towards such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Chambers
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Timothy P. Chambers,
| | - Jennifer Poidomani
- Discipline of Psychological Science, Australian College of Applied Psychology (ACAP), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Bernhart JA, Wilcox S, McKeever BW, Ehlers DK, O’Neill JR. A Self-Determination Theory Application to Physical Activity in Charity Sports Events. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/15598276221077204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Charity sports events, specifically 5K events, reach large numbers of people and may help promote physical activity (PA). Few studies exist applying Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to participation in these events. This study examined changes in SDT constructs of Autonomy, Competence, and Relatedness satisfaction in participants (n = 207) of charity 5K events and (2) examined relationships among post-event SDT constructs, PA, and intention to complete future events. Participants completed online surveys before and after a charity 5K event using the Psychological Needs Satisfaction in Exercise Scale, Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Repeated measures analysis of covariance analyzed the first purpose and regression the second. Competence satisfaction increased ( P = .04) and relatedness satisfaction decreased ( P = .04). Higher post-event relatedness satisfaction was associated with intention to complete future charity 5K events (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.11). Higher post-event autonomy, competence, and relatedness satisfaction and intrinsic motivation were associated with greater post-event MET-minutes of PA (all P < .05).Findings may be useful for promoting PA and helping organizations increase participation. Specifically, events facilitating relatedness among participants may lead to repeat participation as these events have opportunities to fulfill SDT outcomes and increase post-event PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Bernhart
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Brooke W. McKeever
- School of Journalism and Mass Communications, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Diane K. Ehlers
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jennifer R. O’Neill
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Teare G, Taks M. Sport Events for Sport Participation: A Scoping Review. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:655579. [PMID: 34095825 PMCID: PMC8170037 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.655579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on sport participation impacts from sport events has been sporadic. This scoping review assesses the current state of literature that addresses impacts, legacies, and leveraging of sport events for sport participation outcomes and the gaps in terms of study context and research designs. Two systematic approaches of article identification were performed: a traditional database search and a systematic manual search. Studies on sport participation outcomes from events mainly focused on mega sport events and adult populations, with the majority employing cross-sectional data and quantitative methods. The use theoretical of frameworks is limited and inconsistent. There is a need for longitudinal investigations, as well as more focus on youth populations, participant events, and smaller-sized events to advance the research agenda for sport participation outcomes from sport events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Teare
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marijke Taks
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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The Father in Youth Baseball: A Self-Determination Theory Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094587. [PMID: 33926004 PMCID: PMC8123654 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study based on the self-determination theory aims to examine the relationship among the aspirations that fathers have about their children's youth baseball practice, the children's basic psychological needs (satisfaction and frustration), and their intentions to either continue or drop out of baseball practice in a sample of children from Hermosillo, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 533 fathers (M = 44.30, SD = 5.18) and 533 children (M = 13.09, SD = 1.68). The results showed that the intrinsic aspirations of fathers were positively correlated to the satisfaction of the children's psychological needs, whereas the extrinsic aspirations of fathers were positively correlated with the frustration of the children's psychological needs. Satisfaction of basic psychological needs was positively correlated with the intention to continue and negatively correlated with dropout; on the contrary, frustration of basic psychological needs was negatively correlated with the intention to continue and positively with dropout. In conclusion, the fathers' pursuit of intrinsic aspirations for their children in the youth baseball context satisfies the children's basic psychological needs, and in turn, their intention to continue practicing increases. Conversely, when a father pursues extrinsic aspirations for his son in youth baseball, the child will feel his basic psychological needs frustrated, and he will have a greater intention to drop out. Overall, this study extends the existing sport-scientific literature by confirming the impact of parents' aspirations on their children's basic psychological needs and intention to continue being baseball players.
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Młodzik M, Kazimierczak M, León-Guereño P, Tapia-Serrano MA, Malchrowicz-Mośko E. The Impact of Water Sporting Events on Attitudes Toward Physical Activity: Motivational Profiles of Participants in Modern and Traditional Water Events. Front Psychol 2021; 12:632948. [PMID: 33912109 PMCID: PMC8072663 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.632948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to analyze the relationship between attitudes toward physical activity and participation in water sports events and to recognize the main motives for involvement in these kinds of events. A written paper-pencil diagnostic survey was conducted among 394 participants in two traditional and two modern sports events on water held in Poland to ascertain whether innovative (modern) events are needed in society, and whether they cause an increase in interest in physical activity (more than traditional events). The research results showed that modern sports events on water did not have any more power to attract physically inactive people than traditional water events, did not produce a greater desire to lead an active lifestyle, and did not encourage people to more regularly practice water sports. Moreover, modern events, compared to traditional events, were only a one-time experience and the people who completed survey often wanted to return to traditional sports events which provided participants with greater positive emotions than a modern event. In the case of socio-demographical variables, there was no statistically significant relationship between gender and choice of modern or traditional event, but older people were more likely to choose a traditional event than younger people; modern water events were an attractive option primarily for young people under 30 years of age, furthermore, modern events more often attracted people who had completed higher education. However, it turned out that a modern event on water often attracted more people who had had no experience in this sport discipline rather than people who chose traditional water events. In a sense, modern events are therefore effective in promoting water sports in Polish society. We also distinguished five main groups of participants: healthy lifestyle managers, lovers of sports emotions, water sports malcontents, water sports enthusiasts, and neutrals to water sports. Additionally, we looked into gender-related motives for participation in modern and traditional water events: social and health-related motives proved to be more important for women and men who participated in modern water events. The research results presented in the article expand on the current state of knowledge about mass participation in sport, the impact of sporting events on the promotion of physical activity, and show the motivation behind participation in modern and traditional water sporting events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Młodzik
- Eugeniusz Piasecki Academy of Physical Education, Institute of Sport Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Kazimierczak
- Eugeniusz Piasecki Academy of Physical Education, Institute of Sport Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Patxi León-Guereño
- Department of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko
- Eugeniusz Piasecki Academy of Physical Education, Institute of Sport Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Schoemaker J, van Genderen S, de Boer WIJ. Increased Physical Activity in Preparation for a Women-Only Mass Participation Sport Event: A Framework for Estimating the Health Impact. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010098. [PMID: 31877803 PMCID: PMC6981592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mass participation sporting events (MPSEs) are increasing in popularity. However, little research exists into the potential value of these events for improving public health by enhancing physical activity (PA). The aim of this study is to estimate the health impact of increased physical activity as a result of preparing for an MPSE. Participants of a mass participation women-only running event were asked if they performed additional PA in preparation of the event, including the length (weeks) and intensity (min per week). Additionally, self-reported change in health status was evaluated. Based on these results, we have developed a framework for estimating the cumulatively gained quality adjusted life years (QALYs) and monetary value thereof. Of the respondents (N = 468; mean age 42.3 ± 11.9 years), 32% performed additional vigorous PA in preparation of the event, with an average of 63 min per week over 8.8 weeks. Performing additional vigorous PA significantly improved the odds of self-rated health. The estimated total health impact of participants preparing for the Marikenloop was 6.6 QALYs gained with a corresponding monetary value between EUR 133,000 and EUR 532,000. We believe our health impact framework helps to understand that MPSEs can be a notable part of the public health domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Schoemaker
- Sports & Exercise Studies, Sports & Economics Research Centre, HAN University of Applied Sciences, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (S.v.G.); (W.I.J.d.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-622-745-233
| | - Simon van Genderen
- Sports & Exercise Studies, Sports & Economics Research Centre, HAN University of Applied Sciences, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (S.v.G.); (W.I.J.d.B.)
| | - Willem I. J. de Boer
- Sports & Exercise Studies, Sports & Economics Research Centre, HAN University of Applied Sciences, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (S.v.G.); (W.I.J.d.B.)
- Department of Economics and Business, Groningen University, 9747 AJ Groningen, The Netherlands
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The Potential of Non-Mega Sporting Events for the Promotion of Physical Activity Among Inactive Supporters at the Poznan Half Marathon: A Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214193. [PMID: 31671506 PMCID: PMC6862044 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The impact of sports events on the promotion of physical activity, healthy lifestyles and sports participation is debatable, and most of the literature is on mega-events. This begs the question if more evidence of this type of impact can be found for non-mega events. Research on sports legacy often refers to the tangible effects such as infrastructure that is left after the competition. However, the construction of new facilities does not automatically result in attracting participants. Despite the high expectations of events organizers in terms of their impacts on pro-health behavior of people, few studies provide empirical evidence that events encourage sport fans to become more physically active. The aim of this research was to examine whether a mass run promotes physical activity among spectators, and whether a mass run influences the willingness of spectators to start in half marathon in the future. A written paper-pencil survey was collected from 510 spectators during the 6th Poznan Half Marathon. The results show that observing a mass run event has a positive impact on the willingness to engage in regular physical activity as well as the willingness to take part in this type of sport in the future. Our work provides knowledge about the level of effectiveness in promoting active lifestyles among supporters depending on age, sex and place of residents. This work focuses on mass runs, which have been under-researched when it comes to impact on sport participation.
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