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Forkmann C, Pritsch M, Baumann-Zumstein P, Lootz D, Joner M. In vivo chronic scaffolding force of a resorbable magnesium scaffold. J Biomech 2024; 164:111988. [PMID: 38364489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to qualitatively characterize the in vivo chronic scaffolding force of the Magmaris® Resorbable Magnesium Scaffold (RMS). This important parameter of scaffolds must be balanced between sufficient radial support during the healing period of the vessel and avoidance of long-term vessel caging. A finite element model was established using preclinical animal data and used to predict the device diameter and scaffolding force up to 90 days after implantation. To account for scaffold resorption, it included backbone degradation as well as formation of discontinuities as observed in vivo. The predictions of the model regarding acute recoil and chronic development of the device diameter were in good agreement with the preclinical data, supporting the validity of the model. It was found that after 28 and 90 days, the Magmaris® RMS retained 90 % and 47 % of its initial scaffolding force, respectively. The reduction in scaffolding force was mainly driven by discontinuities in the meandering segments. Finite element analysis combined with preclinical data is a reliable method to characterize the chronic scaffolding force.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Lootz
- Biotronik AG, Ackerstraße 6, 8180 Bülach, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Joner
- German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 München, Germany.
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2
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Menze R, Hesse B, Kusmierczuk M, Chen D, Weitkamp T, Bettink S, Scheller B. Synchrotron microtomography reveals insights into the degradation kinetics of bio-degradable coronary magnesium scaffolds. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:1-11. [PMID: 37771679 PMCID: PMC10522944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioresorbable magnesium scaffolds are a promising future treatment option for coronary artery stenosis, especially for young adults. Due to the degradation of these scaffolds (<1 year), long-term device-related clinical events could be reduced compared to treatments with conventional drug eluting stents. First clinical trials indicate a return of vasomotion after one year, which may be associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes. However, even after decades of development, the degradation process, ideal degradation time and biological response in vivo are still not fully understood. The present study investigates the in vivo degradation of magnesium scaffolds in the coronary arteries of pigs influenced by different strut thicknesses and the presence of antiproliferative drugs. Due to high 3D image contrast of synchrotron-based micro-CT with phase contrast (SR-μCT), a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the degradation morphology of magnesium scaffolds was obtained. For the segmentation of the μCT images a convolutional network architecture (U-net) was exploited, demonstrating the huge potential of merging high resolution SR-μCT with deep learning (DL) supported data analysis. In total, 30 scaffolds, made of the rare earth alloy Resoloy®, with different strut designs were implanted into the coronary arteries of 10 domestic pigs for 28 days using drug-coated or uncoated angioplasty balloons for post-dilatation. The degradation morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and SR-μCT. The data from these methods were then related to data from angiography, optical coherence tomography and histology. A thinner strut size (95 vs. 130 μm) and the presence of paclitaxel indicated a slower degradation rate at 28 d in vivo, which positively influences the late lumen loss (0.5 and 0.6 mm vs. 1.0 and 1.1 mm) and recoil values (0 and 1.7% vs. 6.1 and 22%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Menze
- MeKo Manufacturing e.K., Im Kirchenfelde 12-14, 31157, Sarstedt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- Xploraytion GmbH, Bismarckstr. 10-12, 10625, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Duote Chen
- Xploraytion GmbH, Bismarckstr. 10-12, 10625, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timm Weitkamp
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190, Saint-Aubin, France
| | | | - Bruno Scheller
- Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Homburg, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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3
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Nady H, El-Rabiei M, Bahrawy A, El-Katori EE. Assessment of H2O2/albumin and glucose on the biomedical iron alloys corrosion in simulated body fluid: Experimental, surface, and computational investigations. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4
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Zhou N, Li P, Qiu H, Wang J, Huang N, Zhao A, Wang J. Comparison of in Vascular Bioreactors and In Vivo Models of Degradation and Cellular Response of Mg-Zn-Mn Stents. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:1551-1560. [PMID: 33409851 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Traditional in vitro evaluation criteria of magnesium (Mg)-based stents cannot reflect the degradation process in vivo, due to the interdependence and interference between biodegradable properties and bioenvironment. The current direct and indirect evaluation approaches of in vitro biocompatibility do not have a hydrodynamic environment and vascular biological structure existing in vivo. Herein, we designed a vascular bioreactor to provide an ex vivo culture environment for vessels, which reveals the degradation behavior of Mg-Zn-Mn stent and the effect of its degradation on cells. We reported that rabbit carotid arteries could maintain native morphology and viability in the bioreactor under the best condition within a flow rate of 5.4 mL min-1 and a culture time of one week. With this culture condition, Mg-Zn-Mn stents were implanted into the arteries in the bioreactors and compared with in vivo rabbit models. The arteries maintained cell survival in the bioreactor, but the cell attachment was absent on the stent struts, associated with a fast degradation. Conversely, the stents achieved a rapid and complete endothelialization in vivo for two weeks. This study could provide a correlation and difference of the degradation behavior and cellular response to the degradation of Mg-based stent between ex vivo and in vivo approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ansha Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
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5
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Venezuela J, Dargusch M. The influence of alloying and fabrication techniques on the mechanical properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility of zinc: A comprehensive review. Acta Biomater 2019; 87:1-40. [PMID: 30660777 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc has been identified as one of the most promising biodegradable metals along with magnesium and iron. Zinc appears to address some of the core engineering problems associated with magnesium and iron when applied to biomedical implant applications; hence the increase in the amount of research investigations on the metal in the last few years. In this review, the current state-of-the-art on biodegradable Zn, including recent developments, current opportunities and future directions of research are discussed. The discussions are presented with a specific focus on reviewing the relationships that exist between mechanical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility of zinc with alloying and fabrication techniques. This work hopes to guide future studies on biodegradable Zn that will help in advancing this field of research. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: (i) The review offers an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the influence of alloying and fabrication technique on mechanical properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility of Zn; (ii) the work cites the most relevant biodegradable Zn fabrication processes including additive manufacturing techniques; (iii) the review includes a listing of research gap and future research directions for the field of biodegradable Zn.
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Mehrali M, Bagherifard S, Akbari M, Thakur A, Mirani B, Mehrali M, Hasany M, Orive G, Das P, Emneus J, Andresen TL, Dolatshahi‐Pirouz A. Blending Electronics with the Human Body: A Pathway toward a Cybernetic Future. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700931. [PMID: 30356969 PMCID: PMC6193179 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
At the crossroads of chemistry, electronics, mechanical engineering, polymer science, biology, tissue engineering, computer science, and materials science, electrical devices are currently being engineered that blend directly within organs and tissues. These sophisticated devices are mediators, recorders, and stimulators of electricity with the capacity to monitor important electrophysiological events, replace disabled body parts, or even stimulate tissues to overcome their current limitations. They are therefore capable of leading humanity forward into the age of cyborgs, a time in which human biology can be hacked at will to yield beings with abilities beyond their natural capabilities. The resulting advances have been made possible by the emergence of conformal and soft electronic materials that can readily integrate with the curvilinear, dynamic, delicate, and flexible human body. This article discusses the recent rapid pace of development in the field of cybernetics with special emphasis on the important role that flexible and electrically active materials have played therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mehrali
- Technical University of DenmarkDTU NanotechCenter for Nanomedicine and Theranostics2800KgsDenmark
| | - Sara Bagherifard
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPolitecnico di Milano20156MilanItaly
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME)Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8P 5C2Canada
- Center for Biomedical ResearchUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaV8P 5C2Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC)University of VictoriaVictoriaV8P 5C2Canada
| | - Ashish Thakur
- Technical University of DenmarkDTU NanotechCenter for Nanomedicine and Theranostics2800KgsDenmark
| | - Bahram Mirani
- Laboratory for Innovations in MicroEngineering (LiME)Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaBCV8P 5C2Canada
- Center for Biomedical ResearchUniversity of VictoriaVictoriaV8P 5C2Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC)University of VictoriaVictoriaV8P 5C2Canada
| | - Mohammad Mehrali
- Process and Energy DepartmentDelft University of TechnologyLeeghwaterstraat 392628CBDelftThe Netherlands
| | - Masoud Hasany
- Technical University of DenmarkDTU NanotechCenter for Nanomedicine and Theranostics2800KgsDenmark
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel GroupLaboratory of PharmaceuticsSchool of PharmacyUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUPaseo de la Universidad 701006Vitoria‐GasteizSpain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER‐BBN)Vitoria‐Gasteiz28029Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology—UIRMI (UPV/EHU‐Fundación Eduardo Anitua)Vitoria01007Spain
| | - Paramita Das
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University62 Nanyang DriveSingapore637459Singapore
| | - Jenny Emneus
- Technical University of DenmarkDTU Nanotech2800KgsDenmark
| | - Thomas L. Andresen
- Technical University of DenmarkDTU NanotechCenter for Nanomedicine and Theranostics2800KgsDenmark
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7
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Zhou Y, Liu X, Huang N, Chen Y. Magnesium ion leachables induce a conversion of contractile vascular smooth muscle cells to an inflammatory phenotype. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:988-1001. [PMID: 30270501 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenotype switching is a characteristic response of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) to the dynamic microenvironment and contributes to all stages of atherosclerotic plaque. Here, we immersed pure magnesium and AZ31 alloy in the completed medium under cell culture condition, applied the resultant leaching extracts to the isolated contractile rat aortic vSMCs and investigated how vSMCs phenotypically responded to the degradation of the magnesium-based stent materials. vSMCs became more proliferative and migratory but underwent more apoptosis when exposed to the degradation products of pure magnesium; while the AZ31 extracts caused less cell division but more apoptosis, thus slowing cell moving and growing. Noticeably, both leaching extracts dramatically downregulated the contractile phenotypic genes at mRNA and protein levels while significantly induced the inflammatory adhesive molecules and cytokines. Exogenously added Mg ions excited similar transformations of vSMCs. With the liberation or supplementation of Mg2+ , the expression patterns of the pro-contractile transactivator myocardin and the pro-inflammatory transcriptional factor kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) were reversed. Overall, the degradation of the Mg-based materials would evoke a shift of the contractile vSMCs to an inflammatory phenotype via releasing Mg ions to induce a transition from the phenotypic control of vSMCs by the myocardin to that by the KLF4. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 988-1001, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
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8
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Zhang H, Xie L, Shen X, Shang T, Luo R, Li X, You T, Wang J, Huang N, Wang Y. Catechol/polyethyleneimine conversion coating with enhanced corrosion protection of magnesium alloys: potential applications for vascular implants. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:6936-6949. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01574k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A catechol/polyethyleneimine conversion coating on a MgZnMn alloy possessed good corrosion resistance. Heparin was further grafted on it and this showed the potential for surface modification of magnesium-based vascular implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Lingxia Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Xiaolong Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Tengda Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Rifang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Tianxue You
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Nan Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
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9
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Platelet compatibility of magnesium alloys. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:1119-1124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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10
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Li L, Zhang M, Li Y, Zhao J, Qin L, Lai Y. Corrosion and biocompatibility improvement of magnesium-based alloys as bone implant materials: a review. Regen Biomater 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbx004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ye Li
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Material Engineering Invention Examination Department, State Intellectual Property Office, No.6 Xitucheng Road Haidian District, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuxiao Lai
- Translational Medicine R&D Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China
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Perkins LEL, Kossuth MB, Fox JC, Rapoza RJ. Paving the way to a bioresorbable technology: Development of the absorb BRS program. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2017; 88:1-9. [PMID: 27797462 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.26811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) combine attributes of the preceding generations of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) devices with new technologies to result in a novel therapy promoted as being the fourth generation of PCI. By providing mechanical support and drug elution to suppress restenosis, BRS initially function similarly to drug eluting stents. Thereafter, through their degradation, BRS undergo a decline in radial strength, allowing a gradual transition of mechanical function from the scaffold back to the artery in order to provide long term effectiveness similar to balloon angioplasty. The principles of operation of BRS, whether of polymeric or metallic composition, follow three phases of functionality reflective of differing physiological requirements over time: revascularization, restoration, and resorption. In this review, these three fundamental performance phases and the metrics for the nonclinical evaluation of BRS, including both bench and preclinical testing, are discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia C Fox
- Abbott Vascular, Research and Development, Santa Clara, CA
| | - Richard J Rapoza
- Abbott Vascular, Divisional Vice President of Research and Development, Santa Clara, CA.
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12
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Wang J, Liu L, Wu Y, Maitz MF, Wang Z, Koo Y, Zhao A, Sankar J, Kong D, Huang N, Yun Y. Ex vivo blood vessel bioreactor for analysis of the biodegradation of magnesium stent models with and without vessel wall integration. Acta Biomater 2017; 50:546-555. [PMID: 28013101 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Current in vitro models fail in predicting the degradation rate and mode of magnesium (Mg) stents in vivo. To overcome this, the microenvironment of the stent is simulated here in an ex vivo bioreactor with porcine aorta and circulating medium, and compared with standard static in vitro immersion and with in vivo rat aorta models. In ex vivo and in vivo conditions, pure Mg wires were exposed to the aortic lumen and inserted into the aortic wall to mimic early- and long-term implantation, respectively. Results showed that: 1) Degradation rates of Mg were similar for all the fluid diffusion conditions (in vitro static, aortic wall ex vivo and in vivo); however, Mg degradation under flow condition (i.e. in the lumen) in vivo was slower than ex vivo; 2) The corrosion mode in the samples can be mainly described as localized (in vitro), mixed localized and uniform (ex vivo), and uniform (in vivo); 3) Abundant degradation products (MgO/Mg(OH)2 and Ca/P) with gas bubbles accumulated around the localized degradation regions ex vivo, but a uniform and thin degradation product layer was found in vivo. It is concluded that the ex vivo vascular bioreactor provides an improved test setting for magnesium degradation between static immersion and animal experiments and highlights its promising role in bridging degradation behavior and biological response for vascular stent research. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Magnesium and its alloys are candidates for a new generation of biodegradable stent materials. However, the in vitro degradation of magnesium stents does not match the clinical degradation rates, corrupting the validity of conventional degradation tests. Here we report an ex vivo vascular bioreactor, which allows simulation of the microenvironment with and without blood vessel integration to study the biodegradation of magnesium implants in comparison with standard in vitro test conditions and with in vivo implantations. The bioreactor did simulate the corrosion of an intramural implant very well, but showed too high degradation for non-covered implants. It is concluded that this system is in between static incubation and animal experiments concerning the predictivity of the degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, PR China
| | - Lumei Liu
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; FIT BEST Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Yifan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Manfred F Maitz
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Zhihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Youngmi Koo
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; FIT BEST Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Ansha Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, PR China
| | - Jagannathan Sankar
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; FIT BEST Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, PR China.
| | - Yeoheung Yun
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; FIT BEST Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
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13
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Zhang J, Hiromoto S, Yamazaki T, Niu J, Huang H, Jia G, Li H, Ding W, Yuan G. Effect of macrophages onin vitrocorrosion behavior of magnesium alloy. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2476-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Biomaterials Unit; International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA); National Institute for Materials Science; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Sachiko Hiromoto
- Biomaterials Unit; International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA); National Institute for Materials Science; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamazaki
- Biomaterials Unit; International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA); National Institute for Materials Science; Tsukuba Japan
| | - Jialin Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Gaozhi Jia
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Med-X Research Institute; School of Biomedical Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjiang Ding
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyin Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai People's Republic of China
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14
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Huang T, Zheng Y, Han Y. Accelerating degradation rate of pure iron by zinc ion implantation. Regen Biomater 2016; 3:205-15. [PMID: 27482462 PMCID: PMC4966292 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbw020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure iron has been considered as a promising candidate for biodegradable implant applications. However, a faster degradation rate of pure iron is needed to meet the clinical requirement. In this work, metal vapor vacuum arc technology was adopted to implant zinc ions into the surface of pure iron. Results showed that the implantation depth of zinc ions was about 60 nm. The degradation rate of pure iron was found to be accelerated after zinc ion implantation. The cytotoxicity tests revealed that the implanted zinc ions brought a slight increase on cytotoxicity of the tested cells. In terms of hemocompatibility, the hemolysis of zinc ion implanted pure iron was lower than 2%. However, zinc ions might induce more adhered and activated platelets on the surface of pure iron. Overall, zinc ion implantation can be a feasible way to accelerate the degradation rate of pure iron for biodegradable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China
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15
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Wang J, Jang Y, Wan G, Giridharan V, Song GL, Xu Z, Koo Y, Qi P, Sankar J, Huang N, Yun Y. Flow-induced corrosion of absorbable magnesium alloy: In-situ and real-time electrochemical study. CORROSION SCIENCE 2016; 104:277-289. [PMID: 28626241 PMCID: PMC5473620 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An in-situ and real-time electrochemical study in a vascular bioreactor was designed to analyze corrosion mechanism of magnesium alloy (MgZnCa) under mimetic hydrodynamic conditions. Effect of hydrodynamics on corrosion kinetics, types, rates and products was analyzed. Flow-induced shear stress (FISS) accelerated mass and electron transfer, leading to an increase in uniform and localized corrosions. FISS increased the thickness of uniform corrosion layer, but filiform corrosion decreased this layer resistance at high FISS conditions. FISS also increased the removal rate of localized corrosion products. Impedance-estimated and linear polarization-measured polarization resistances provided a consistent correlation to corrosion rate calculated by computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, PR China
| | - Yongseok Jang
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Guojiang Wan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, PR China
| | - Venkataraman Giridharan
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Guang-Ling Song
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Youngmi Koo
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Pengkai Qi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, PR China
| | - Jagannathan Sankar
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, PR China
| | - Yeoheung Yun
- NSF Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Metallic Biomaterials, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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16
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Zeng RC, Li XT, Li SQ, Zhang F, Han EH. In vitro degradation of pure Mg in response to glucose. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13026. [PMID: 26264413 PMCID: PMC4532994 DOI: 10.1038/srep13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys are promising biodegradable biomaterials but are still challenging to be used in person with high levels of blood glucose or diabetes. To date, the influence of glucose on magnesium degradation has not yet been elucidated, this issue requires more attention. Herein, we present pure Mg exhibiting different corrosion responses to saline and Hank’s solutions with different glucose contents, and the degradation mechanism of pure Mg in the saline solution with glucose in comparison with mannitol as a control. On one hand, the corrosion rate of pure Mg increases with the glucose concentration in saline solutions. Glucose rapidly transforms into gluconic acid, which attacks the oxides of the metal and decreases the pH of the solution; it also promotes the absorption of chloride ions on the Mg surface and consequently accelerates corrosion. On the other hand, better corrosion resistance is obtained with increasing glucose content in Hank’s solution due to the fact that glucose coordinates Ca2+ ions in Hank’s solution and thus improves the formation of Ca-P compounds on the pure Mg surface. This finding will open up new avenues for research on the biodegradation of bio-Mg materials in general, which could yield many new and interesting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Chang Zeng
- 1] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- 1] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Shuo-Qi Li
- 1] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- 1] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China [2] State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - En-Hou Han
- National Engineering Center for Corrosion Control, Institute of Metals Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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