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Kuczyńska M, Moskot M, Gabig-Cimińska M. Insights into Autophagic Machinery and Lysosomal Function in Cells Involved in the Psoriatic Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Cascade. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2024; 72:aite-2024-0005. [PMID: 38409665 DOI: 10.2478/aite-2024-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Impaired autophagy, due to the dysfunction of lysosomal organelles, contributes to maladaptive responses by pathways central to the immune system. Deciphering the immune-inflammatory ecosystem is essential, but remains a major challenge in terms of understanding the mechanisms responsible for autoimmune diseases. Accumulating evidence implicates a role that is played by a dysfunctional autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) and an immune niche in psoriasis (Ps), one of the most common chronic skin diseases, characterized by the co-existence of autoimmune and autoinflammatory responses. The dysregulated autophagy associated with the defective lysosomal system is only one aspect of Ps pathogenesis. It probably cannot fully explain the pathomechanism involved in Ps, but it is likely important and should be seriously considered in Ps research. This review provides a recent update on discoveries in the field. Also, it sheds light on how the dysregulation of intracellular pathways, coming from modulated autophagy and endolysosomal trafficking, characteristic of key players of the disease, i.e., skin-resident cells, as well as circulating immune cells, may be responsible for immune impairment and the development of Ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Kuczyńska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Moskot
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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2
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López-Armada MJ, Fernández-Rodríguez JA, Blanco FJ. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061151. [PMID: 35740048 PMCID: PMC9220001 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of excessive mitochondrial oxidative stress could provide new targets for both preventive and therapeutic interventions in the treatment of chronic inflammation or any pathology that develops under an inflammatory scenario, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increasing evidence has demonstrated the role of mitochondrial alterations in autoimmune diseases mainly due to the interplay between metabolism and innate immunity, but also in the modulation of inflammatory response of resident cells, such as synoviocytes. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction derived from several danger signals could activate tricarboxylic acid (TCA) disruption, thereby favoring a vicious cycle of oxidative/mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial dysfunction can act through modulating innate immunity via redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways or direct activation of the inflammasome. Besides, mitochondria also have a central role in regulating cell death, which is deeply altered in RA. Additionally, multiple evidence suggests that pathological processes in RA can be shaped by epigenetic mechanisms and that in turn, mitochondria are involved in epigenetic regulation. Finally, we will discuss about the involvement of some dietary components in the onset and progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José López-Armada
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
| | - Jennifer Adriana Fernández-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Envejecimiento e Inflamación (ENVEINF), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Sergas, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, Campus de Oza, Universidade da Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.L.-A.); (F.J.B.); Tel./Fax: +34-981-178272-73 (M.J.L.-A.)
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3
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Hao Z, Liu Y. IL-38 and IL-36 Target Autophagy for Regulating Synoviocyte Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Rheumatoid Arthritis. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:7933453. [PMID: 34845417 PMCID: PMC8627363 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7933453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease leading to severe joint damage and disability. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) mostly contribute to the joint inflammation and destruction in RA through distinct mechanisms. However, little is known about newly discovered interleukin- (IL-) 36 and IL-38 involving in the pathology of RA. Here, we assessed the effect of IL-36 and IL-38 on RA-FLS function using IL-36 and IL-38 overexpression plasmids. We found that IL-36 inhibited synoviocytes proliferation while IL-38 showed an opposite influence. Furthermore, IL-36 and IL-38 significantly sequestered or accelerated RA-FLS migration and invasion capacity, respectively. Mechanically, IL-36 and IL-38 targeted autophagy for RA-FLS modulation. Using autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and inducer compound rapamycin, we found that autophagy negatively regulated the survival, migration, and invasion of synovial cells. Based on these results, IL-38 in combination with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA treatment demonstrated the strongest blockage of the above three activities of RA-FLS, and IL-38 overexpression reversed rapamycin-inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, injection of IL-36 can improve the symptoms of RA in a rat model of RA. Taken together, we conclude that IL-38 and IL-36 target autophagy for regulating synoviocyte proliferation, migration, and invasion in RA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Arthritis, Experimental/etiology
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Experimental/prevention & control
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/etiology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/prevention & control
- Autophagy
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Interleukin-1/administration & dosage
- Interleukins/administration & dosage
- Male
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Synoviocytes/drug effects
- Synoviocytes/metabolism
- Synoviocytes/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
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4
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Torres W, Chávez-Castillo M, Peréz-Vicuña JL, Carrasquero R, Díaz MP, Gomez Y, Ramírez P, Cano C, Rojas-Quintero J, Chacín M, Velasco M, de Sanctis JB, Bermudez V. Potential role of bioactive lipids in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:4434-4451. [PMID: 34036919 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210525164734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which involves a pathological inflammatory response against articular cartilage in multiple joints throughout the body. It is a complex disorder associated with comorbidities such as depression, lymphoma, osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which significantly deteriorate patients' quality of life and prognosis. This has ignited a large initiative to elucidate the physiopathology of RA, aiming to identify new therapeutic targets and approaches in its multidisciplinary management. Recently, various lipid bioactive products have been proposed to have an essential role in this process; including eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving mediators, phospholipids/sphingolipids, and endocannabinoids. Dietary interventions using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or treatment with synthetic endocannabinoids agonists have been shown to significantly ameliorate RA symptoms. Indeed, the modulation of lipid metabolism may be crucial in the pathophysiology and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wheeler Torres
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Mervin Chávez-Castillo
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - José L Peréz-Vicuña
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - María P Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Yosselin Gomez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Paola Ramírez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Clímaco Cano
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center. School of Medicine. University of Zulia. Maracaibo. Venezuela
| | - Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston. 0
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla. Colombia
| | - Manuel Velasco
- Universidad Central de Venezuela, Escuela de Medicina José María Vargas, Caracas. Venezuela
| | - Juan Bautista de Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine. Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. Palacky University. Czech Republic
| | - Valmore Bermudez
- Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla. Colombia
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Luo T, Fu X, Liu Y, Ji Y, Shang Z. Sulforaphane Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis via Suppression of the Autophagic Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020347. [PMID: 33445451 PMCID: PMC7830922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that sulforaphane (SFN) is a promising agent against osteoclastic bone destruction. However, the mechanism underlying its anti-osteoclastogenic activity is still unclear. Herein, for the first time, we explored the potential role of autophagy in SFN-mediated anti-osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We established an osteoclastogenesis model using receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL)-induced RAW264.7 cells and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining showed the formation of osteoclasts. We observed autophagosomes by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro, we found that SFN inhibited osteoclastogenesis (number of osteoclasts: 22.67 ± 0.88 in the SFN (0) group vs. 20.33 ± 1.45 in the SFN (1 μM) group vs. 13.00 ± 1.00 in the SFN (2.5 μM) group vs. 6.66 ± 1.20 in the SFN (2.5 μM) group), decreased the number of autophagosomes, and suppressed the accumulation of several autophagic proteins in osteoclast precursors. The activation of autophagy by rapamycin (RAP) almost reversed the SFN-elicited anti-osteoclastogenesis (number of osteoclasts: 22.67 ± 0.88 in the control group vs. 13.00 ± 1.00 in the SFN group vs. 17.33 ± 0.33 in the SFN+RAP group). Furthermore, Western blot (WB) analysis revealed that SFN inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The JNK activator anisomycin significantly promoted autophagy, whereas the inhibitor SP600125 markedly suppressed autophagic activation in pre-osteoclasts. Microcomputed tomography (CT), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) were used to analyze the results in vivo. Consistent with the in vitro results, we found that the administration of SFN could decrease the number of osteoclasts and the expression of autophagic light chain 3 (LC3) and protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced calvarial erosion. Our findings highlight autophagy as a crucial mechanism of SFN-mediated anti-osteoclastogenesis and show that the JNK signaling pathway participates in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiazhou Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaoli Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaoting Ji
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-138-8607-0344 (Y.J.); +86-27-8768-6129 (Z.S.)
| | - Zhengjun Shang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China; (T.L.); (X.F.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +86-138-8607-0344 (Y.J.); +86-27-8768-6129 (Z.S.)
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6
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Sabir JSM, El Omri A, Banaganapalli B, Al-Shaeri MA, Alkenani NA, Sabir MJ, Hajrah NH, Zrelli H, Ciesla L, Nasser KK, Elango R, Shaik NA, Khan M. Dissecting the Role of NF-κb Protein Family and Its Regulators in Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network. Front Genet 2019; 10:1163. [PMID: 31824568 PMCID: PMC6879671 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic synovial autoinflammatory disease that destructs the cartilage and bone, leading to disability. The functional regulation of major immunity-related pathways like nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which is involved in the chronic inflammatory reactions underlying the development of RA, remains to be explored. Therefore, this study has adopted statistical and knowledge-based systemic investigations (like gene correlation, semantic similarity, and topological parameters based on graph theory) to study the gene expression status of NF-κB protein family (NKPF) and its regulators in synovial tissues to trace the molecular pathways through which these regulators contribute to RA. A complex protein–protein interaction map (PPIM) of 2,742 genes and 37,032 interactions was constructed from differentially expressed genes (p ≤ 0.05). PPIM was further decomposed into a Regulator Allied Protein Interaction Network (RAPIN) based on the interaction between genes (5 NKPF, 31 seeds, 131 hubs, and 652 bottlenecks). Pathway network analysis has shown the RA-specific disturbances in the functional connectivity between seed genes (RIPK1, ATG7, TLR4, TNFRSF1A, KPNA1, CFLAR, SNW1, FOSB, PARVA, CX3CL1, and TRPC6) and NKPF members (RELA, RELB, NFKB2, and REL). Interestingly, these genes are known for their involvement in inflammation and immune system (signaling by interleukins, cytokine signaling in immune system, NOD-like receptor signaling, MAPK signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and TNF signaling) pathways connected to RA. This study, for the first time, reports that SNW1, along with other NK regulatory genes, plays an important role in RA pathogenesis and might act as potential biomarker for RA. Additionally, these genes might play important roles in RA pathogenesis, as well as facilitate the development of effective targeted therapies. Our integrative data analysis and network-based methods could accelerate the identification of novel drug targets for RA from high-throughput genomic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal S M Sabir
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Genomics and Biotechnology Section and Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelfatteh El Omri
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Genomics and Biotechnology Section and Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Babajan Banaganapalli
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed A Al-Shaeri
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naser A Alkenani
- Biology-Zoology Division, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mumdooh J Sabir
- Department of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahid H Hajrah
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Genomics and Biotechnology Section and Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Houda Zrelli
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Genomics and Biotechnology Section and Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lukasz Ciesla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Science and Engineering Complex, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Khalidah K Nasser
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Ahmad Shaik
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhummadh Khan
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Genomics and Biotechnology Section and Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Yang H, Wen Y, Zhang M, Liu Q, Zhang H, Zhang J, Lu L, Ye T, Bai X, Xiao G, Wang M. MTORC1 coordinates the autophagy and apoptosis signaling in articular chondrocytes in osteoarthritic temporomandibular joint. Autophagy 2019; 16:271-288. [PMID: 31007149 PMCID: PMC6984599 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1606647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A switch from autophagy to apoptosis is implicated in chondrocytes during the osteoarthritis (OA) progression with currently unknown mechanism(s). In this study we utilized a flow fluid shear stress (FFSS) model in cultured chondrocytes and a unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) animal model. We found that both FFSS and UAC actively induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) chondrocytes, as demonstrated by dramatic increases in expression of HSPA5, p-EIF2AK3, p-ERN1 and ATF6. Interestingly, both FFSS and UAC activated not only pro-death p-EIF2AK3-mediated ERS-apoptosis programs but also pro-survival p-ERN1-mediated autophagic flux in chondrocytes. Data from FFSS demonstrated that MTORC1, a downstream of p-ERN1, suppressed autophagy but promoted p-EIF2AK3 mediated ERS-apoptosis. Data from UAC model demonstrated that at early stage both the p-ERN1 and p-EIF2AK3 were activated and MTORC1 was inhibited in TMJ chondrocytes. At late stage, MTORC1-p-EIF2AK3-mediated ERS apoptosis were predominant, while p-ERN1 and autophagic flux were inhibited. Inhibition of MTORC1 by TMJ local injection of rapamycin in rats or inducible ablation of MTORC1 expression selectively in chondrocytes in mice promoted chondrocyte autophagy and suppressed apoptosis, and reduced TMJ cartilage loss induced by UAC. In contrast, MTORC1 activation by TMJ local administration of MHY1485 or genetic deletion of Tsc1, an upstream MTORC1 suppressor, resulted in opposite effects. Collectively, our results establish that aberrant mechanical loading causes cartilage degeneration by activating, at least in part, the MTORC1 signaling which modulates the autophagy and apoptosis programs in TMJ chondrocytes. Thus, inhibition of MTORC1 provides a novel therapeutic strategy for prevention and treatment of OA. Abbreviations : ACTB: actin beta; ATF6: activating transcription factor 6; BECN1: beclin 1; BFL: bafilomycin A1; CASP12: caspase 12; CASP3: caspase 3; DAPI: 4ʹ,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DDIT3: DNA-damage inducible transcript 3; EIF2AK3/PERK: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERS: endoplasmic reticulum stress; ERN1/IRE1: endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1; FFSS: flow fluid shear stress; HSPA5/GRP78/BiP: heat shock protein 5; LAMP2: lysosome-associated membrane protein 2; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; OA: osteoarthritis; PRKAA1/2/AMPK1/2: protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1/2 catalytic subunit; RPS6: ribosomal protein S6; Rapa: rapamycin; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TG: thapsigargin; TMJ: temporomandibular joints; TSC1/2: tuberous sclerosis complex 1/2; UAC: unilateral anterior crossbite; UPR: unfolded protein response; XBP1: x-box binding protein 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Meiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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8
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Veyssiere M, Perea J, Michou L, Boland A, Caloustian C, Olaso R, Deleuze JF, Cornelis F, Petit-Teixeira E, Chaudru V. A novel nonsense variant in SUPT20H gene associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis identified by Whole Exome Sequencing of multiplex families. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213387. [PMID: 30845214 PMCID: PMC6405192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The triggering and development of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is conditioned by environmental and genetic factors. Despite the identification of more than one hundred genetic variants associated with the disease, not all the cases can be explained. Here, we performed Whole Exome Sequencing in 9 multiplex families (N = 30) to identify rare variants susceptible to play a role in the disease pathogenesis. We pre-selected 77 genes which carried rare variants with a complete segregation with RA in the studied families. Follow-up linkage and association analyses with pVAAST highlighted significant RA association of 43 genes (p-value < 0.05 after 106 permutations) and pinpointed their most likely causal variant. We re-sequenced the 10 most significant likely causal variants (p-value ≤ 3.78*10-3 after 106 permutations) in the extended pedigrees and 9 additional multiplex families (N = 110). Only one SNV in SUPT20H: c.73A>T (p.Lys25*), presented a complete segregation with RA in an extended pedigree with early-onset cases. In summary, we identified in this study a new variant associated with RA in SUPT20H gene. This gene belongs to several biological pathways like macro-autophagy and monocyte/macrophage differentiation, which contribute to RA pathogenesis. In addition, these results showed that analyzing rare variants using a family-based approach is a strategy that allows to identify RA risk loci, even with a small dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Veyssiere
- GenHotel—Univ Evry, University of Paris Saclay, Evry, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Javier Perea
- GenHotel—Univ Evry, University of Paris Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Laetitia Michou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, QC, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Christophe Caloustian
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Robert Olaso
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine—François Jacob Institute, CEA, Evry, France
| | - François Cornelis
- GenHotel-Auvergne—Auvergne University, Genetic Department, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Valérie Chaudru
- GenHotel—Univ Evry, University of Paris Saclay, Evry, France
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9
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Xiao L, Xiao Y. The Autophagy in Osteoimmonology: Self-Eating, Maintenance, and Beyond. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:490. [PMID: 31428045 PMCID: PMC6689986 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been long realized that the immune and skeletal systems are closely linked. This crosstalk, also known as osteoimmunology, is a primary process required for bone health. For example, the immune system acts as a key regulator in osteoclasts-osteoblasts coupling to maintain the balanced bone remodeling. Osteoimmunology is achieved through many cellular and molecular processes, among which autophagy has recently been found to play an indispensable role. Autophagy is a highly conserved process in eukaryotic cells, by which the cytoplasm components such as dysfunctional organelles are degraded through lysosomes and then returned to the cytosol for reuse. Autophagy is present in all cells at basal levels to maintain homeostasis and to promote cell survival in response to cellular stress conditions such as nutrition deprivation and hypoxia. Autophagy is a required process in immune cell activation/polarization and osteoclast differentiation, which protecting cells from oxidative stress. The essential of autophagy in osteogenesis is its involvement in osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, especially the role of autophagosome in extracellular calcium transportation. The modulatory feature of autophagy in both immune and skeleton systems suggests its crucial roles in osteoimmunology. Furthermore, autophagy also participates in the maintenance of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell niche. The focus of this review is to highlight the role of autophagy in the immune-skeleton interactions and the effects on bone physiology, as well as the future application in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Yin Xiao
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10
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Yasunaga M, Kajiya H, Toshimitsu T, Nakashima H, Tamaoki S, Ishikawa H, Maeda H, Ohno J. The Early Autophagic Pathway Contributes to Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.28.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Yasunaga
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Hiroshi Kajiya
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College
- Section of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiological Science and Molecular Biology, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Takuya Toshimitsu
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College
- Dentistry for the Disabled, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Hiroki Nakashima
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Sachio Tamaoki
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Hiroyuki Ishikawa
- Former Section of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Jun Ohno
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College
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11
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Luo XY, Yuan JL, Liu J, Luo CN, Yang MH, Wei Q, Yang M, Chen Y, Liu Y, Yuan GH. Increased Macroautophagy in Interferon-Gamma-Producing T Cells from Patients with Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:1527-1532. [PMID: 29941705 PMCID: PMC6032673 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.235110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Imbalance of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-17 producing by T cells is confirmed to contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autophagy is now emerging as a core player in the development and the function of the immune system. Therefore, we investigated the autophagic behavior in IFN-γ-, IL-4-, and IL-17-producing T cells from patients with SLE. Methods Thirty patients with SLE and 25 healthy controls matched for gender and age were recruited between September 2016 and May 2017. The autophagic levels in IFN-γ+ T cells, IL-4+ T cells, and IL-17+ T cells from patients with newly diagnosed SLE and healthy controls were measured using flow cytometry. The plasma levels of IFN-γ were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in SLE patients and healthy controls. Unpaired t-tests and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare data from patients with SLE and controls. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was applied for calculation of the correlation between parallel variables in single samples. Results Our results showed increased percentage of autophagy in IFN-γ+ T cells from patients with SLE and healthy controls ([8.07 ± 2.72]% vs. [3.76 ± 1.67]%, t = 5.184, P < 0.001), but not in IL-4+ T cells or IL-17+ T cells (P > 0.05) as compared to healthy donors. Moreover, the plasma levels of IFN-γ in SLE patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls ([68.9 ± 29.1] pg/ml vs. [24.7 ± 17.6] pg/ml, t = 5.430, P < 0.001). Moreover, in SLE patients, the percentage of autophagy in IFN-γ+ T cells was positively correlated with the plasma levels of IFN-γ (r = 0.344, P = 0.046), as well as the disease activity of patients with SLE (r = 0.379, P = 0.039). Conclusion The results indicate that autophagy in IFN-γ+ T cells from SLE patients is activated, which might contribute to the persistence of T cells producing IFN-γ, such as Th1 cells, and consequently result in the high plasma levels of IFN-γ, and then enhance the disease activity of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Yan Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jia-Li Yuan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Jian Yang City, Chengdu, Sichuan 641400, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 63700, China
| | - Cai-Nan Luo
- Department of Rheumatology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Ming-Hui Yang
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 63700, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Xinxiang, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Jian Yang City, Chengdu, Sichuan 641400, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guo-Hua Yuan
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 63700, China
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12
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Chen YM, Chang CY, Chen HH, Hsieh CW, Tang KT, Yang MC, Lan JL, Chen DY. Association between autophagy and inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving biologic therapy. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:268. [PMID: 30518408 PMCID: PMC6280483 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1763-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence indicates a pathogenic role of deregulated autophagy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined the relationship between autophagy and inflammatory parameters in patients with RA receiving biologic therapy. Methods In 72 patients with RA and 20 healthy control subjects (HC), autophagosome levels were determined by the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of autophagosomotropic dye incorporated into circulating immune cells, and p62 expression levels in immune cells were measured by flow cytometry. We used immunoblotting to examine protein expression of LC3-II and p62 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results Patients with RA had significantly higher levels of autophagosome reflected by MFI of Cyto-ID in circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes (median values, 3.6, 11.6, and 64.8, respectively) compared with HC (1.9, 6.0, and 35.8; respectively) (all p < 0.001). p62 MFI levels in lymphocytes and granulocytes from patients with RA (17.1 and 8.6, respectively) were significantly lower than those in the corresponding cells from HC (20.2, p < 0.05; and 13.1, p < 0.001, respectively). Significantly higher levels of LC3-II protein expression in contrast to lower p62 protein levels were observed in patients with RA than in HC. The autophagosome levels in immune cells were significantly correlated with inflammatory parameters in patients with RA, and they were significantly decreased with disease remission after treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors or interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor. Conclusions Elevated autophagy with significant correlation to inflammation suggests the involvement of autophagy in RA pathogenesis. The effectiveness of biologic therapy might be partly related to the downregulation of autophagy expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1763-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chang
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Hsieh
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tung Tang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Yang
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Joung-Liang Lan
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan. .,Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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13
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Arbogast F, Gros F. Lymphocyte Autophagy in Homeostasis, Activation, and Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1801. [PMID: 30127786 PMCID: PMC6087746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic mechanism, allowing the degradation of cytoplasmic content via lysosomal activity. Several forms of autophagy are described in mammals. Macroautophagy leads to integration of cytoplasmic portions into vesicles named autophagosomes that ultimately fuse with lysosomes. Chaperone-mediated autophagy is in contrast the direct translocation of protein in lysosomes. Macroautophagy is central to lymphocyte homeostasis. Although its role is controversial in lymphocyte development and in naive cell survival, it seems particularly involved in the maintenance of certain lymphocyte subtypes. Its importance in memory B and T cells biology has recently emerged. Moreover, some effector cells like plasma cells rely on autophagy for survival. Autophagy is central to glucose and lipid metabolism, and to the maintenance of organelles like mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. In addition macroautophagy, or individual components of its machinery, are also actors in antigen presentation by B cells, a crucial step to receive help from T cells, this crosstalk favoring their final differentiation into memory or plasma cells. Autophagy is deregulated in several autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Crohn’s disease. Some treatments used in these pathologies impact autophagic activity, even if the causal link between autophagy regulation and the efficiency of the treatments has not yet been clearly established. In this review, we will first discuss the mechanisms linking autophagy to lymphocyte subtype survival and the signaling pathways involved. Finally, potential impacts of autophagy modulation in lymphocytes on the course of these diseases will be approached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Arbogast
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/Laboratory of Excellence MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France.,University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Gros
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/Laboratory of Excellence MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France.,University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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14
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Dai B, Zhu F, Chen Y, Zhou R, Wang Z, Xie Y, Wu X, Zu S, Li G, Ge J, Chen F. ASIC1a Promotes Acid-Induced Autophagy in Rat Articular Chondrocytes through the AMPK/FoxO3a Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2125. [PMID: 29019932 PMCID: PMC5666807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is a member of the extracellular H⁺-activated cation channels family. Our previous studies suggested that ASIC1a contributed to acid-induced rat articular chondrocytes autophagy. However, its potential mechanisms remain unclear. The present study demonstrated the effect of ASIC1a on rat articular chondrocytes autophagy and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results demonstrated that ASIC1a contributed to acid-induced autophagy in rat articular chondrocytes, and which was associated with an increase in (Ca2+)i, as indicated that acid-induced increases in mRNA and protein expression of LC3B-II and other autophagy-related markers were inhibited by ASIC1a-specific blocker, PcTx1 and calcium chelating agent, BAPTA-AM. Furthermore, the results showed that extracellular acid increased level of Forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a, but was reversed by inhibition of ASIC1a and Ca2+ influx. Moreover, gene ablation of FoxO3a prevented acid-induced increases in mRNA and protein expression of LC3B-II, Beclin1 and the formation of autophagosome. Finally, it also showed that ASIC1a activated adenine nucleotide (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In addition, suppression of AMPK by Compound C and its small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented acid-induced upregulation of total and nuclear FoxO3a and increases in mRNA and protein expression of LC3B-II, Beclin1, and ATG5. Taken together, these findings suggested that AMPK/FoxO3a axis plays an important role in ASIC1a-mediated autophagy in rat articular chondrocytes, which may provide novel mechanistic insight into ASIC1a effects on autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Dai
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Fei Zhu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Renpeng Zhou
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Zhisen Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Yaya Xie
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Shengqin Zu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Ge Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jinfang Ge
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Feihu Chen
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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15
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Ostalska-Nowicka D, Mackowiak-Lewandowicz K, Konwerska A, Zachwieja J. Early Progression of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis in Children Might Be Dependent on Vimentin Expression. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2017; 18:1066-1072. [PMID: 28978905 PMCID: PMC5637626 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.904376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XP) is an extremely rare, severe, atypical form of chronic renal parenchymal inflammation accompanied by hydronephrosis and/or urolithiasis. The pathomechanism of XP is not yet fully understood. Microscopically, XP is indicated by the presence of multinucleated giant cells and lipid-laden macrophages, as well as inflammatory infiltration and intensive renal fibrosis. The lipid accumulation in kidney parenchyma may be secondary to the altered flow of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol particles inside the affected cells. Physiologically, the process of LDL-derived cholesterol transport from lysosomes to the sites of its esterification is dependent on vimentin, which is a molecule comprising the cytoskeleton in mesenchymal cells. CASE REPORT A 7-year old girl was hospitalized because of the finding of unexplained kidney lesions on an abdominal ultrasound examination (an enlarged and deformed collecting system of the right kidney with hyperechogenic, solid, staghorn lesions in the calyces). Three months earlier, the patient had experienced recurrent urinary tract infection. Based on the subsequent laboratory and imaging diagnostics, the final diagnosis of XP was established and the girl was qualified for right-sided nephrectomy Microscopic examination revealed numerous foci of granuloma formations with no evident exponents of dysplastic or neoplastic abnormalities. Significant CD68-positive cell infiltrations and scattered foam cells arranging the numerous foci of granuloma inflammation were noticed. Renal parenchyma, adjacent to granuloma lesions, presented a vimentin expression. CONCLUSIONS Vimentin expression in XP may confirm a focal character of chronic granuloma formation and may suggest the complexity of XP pathogenesis involving not only macrophage and fibroblast activation but also local lipid deregulation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Ostalska-Nowicka
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Nephrology and Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Aneta Konwerska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Zachwieja
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Nephrology and Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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16
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Shao P, Ma L, Ren Y, Liu H. Modulation of the immune response in rheumatoid arthritis with strategically released rapamycin. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5257-5262. [PMID: 28849205 PMCID: PMC5647081 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which is associated with symptoms, including synovial membrane inflammatory pain, joint synovitis and stiffness. However, there are no effective methods available to cure this disease. In the present study, rapamycin was used to modulate immunity in RA. To limit the cytotoxicity of rapamycin, rapamycin was loaded into well-characterized biocompatible nanoparticles. In vitro, rapamycin particles downregulated the activation of dendritic cell surface markers, including CD80+ and CD40+, upon interacting with macrophages. The rapamycin particles reduced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1β, which are characteristic of RA. In vivo, the rapamycin particles decreased the symptoms of RA in mice, and the production of inflammatory cytokines was associated with the occurrence of RA. The present study partially revealed the interactions between rapamycin and two types of immune cell in RA disease, and may potentially offer a solution to improve the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shao
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Linxiao Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Yile Ren
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Huijie Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
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17
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Spalinger MR, Lang S, Gottier C, Dai X, Rawlings DJ, Chan AC, Rogler G, Scharl M. PTPN22 regulates NLRP3-mediated IL1B secretion in an autophagy-dependent manner. Autophagy 2017; 13:1590-1601. [PMID: 28786745 PMCID: PMC5612532 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1341453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A variant within the gene locus encoding PTPN22 (protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22) emerged as an important risk factor for auto-inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and type 1 diabetes, but at the same time protects from Crohn disease, one of the 2 main forms of inflammatory bowel diseases. We have previously shown that loss of PTPN22 results in decreased NLRP3 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 3) activation and that this effect is mediated via enhanced NLRP3 phosphorylation. However, it is unclear how phosphorylation of NLRP3 mediates its inhibition. Here, we demonstrate that loss of macroautophagy/autophagy abrogates the inhibitory effect on NLRP3 activation observed upon loss of PTPN22. Phosphorylated, but not nonphosphorylated NLRP3 is found in autophagosomes, indicating that NLRP3 phosphorylation mediates its inactivation via promoting sequestration into phagophores, the precursors to autophagosomes. This finding shows that autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation are connected, and that PTPN22 plays a key role in the regulation of those 2 pathways. Given its role in inflammatory disorders, PTPN22 might be an attractive therapeutic target, and understanding the cellular mechanisms modulated by PTPN22 is of crucial importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne R Spalinger
- a Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Silvia Lang
- a Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Claudia Gottier
- a Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Xuezhi Dai
- b Department of Pediatrics , University of Washington School of Medicine, and Seattle Children's Research Institute , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - David J Rawlings
- b Department of Pediatrics , University of Washington School of Medicine, and Seattle Children's Research Institute , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Andrew C Chan
- c Department of Immunology, Department of Translational Immunology, and Department of Pathology , Genentech, Inc. , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- a Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland.,d Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology , University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- a Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland.,d Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology , University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
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18
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Abstract
One of the fundamental traits of immune cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is their ability to proliferate, a property shared with the joint-resident cells that form the synovial pannus. The building of biomass imposes high demands for energy and biosynthetic precursors, implicating metabolic control as a basic disease mechanism. During preclinical RA, when autoreactive T cells expand and immunological tolerance is broken, the main sites of disease are the secondary lymphoid tissues. Naive CD4+ T cells from patients with RA have a distinct metabolic signature, characterized by dampened glycolysis, low ATP levels and enhanced shunting of glucose into the pentose phosphate pathway. Equipped with high levels of NADPH and depleted of intracellular reactive oxygen species, such T cells hyperproliferate and acquire proinflammatory effector functions. During clinical RA, immune cells coexist with stromal cells in the acidic milieu of the inflamed joint. This microenvironment is rich in metabolic intermediates that are released into the extracellular space to shape cell-cell communication and the functional activity of tissue-resident cells. Increasing awareness of how metabolites regulate signalling pathways, guide post-translational modifications and condition the tissue microenvironment will help to connect environmental factors with the pathogenic behaviour of T cells in RA.
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19
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Insights on Molecular Mechanisms of Chondrocytes Death in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122146. [PMID: 27999417 PMCID: PMC5187946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint pathology characterized by progressive cartilage degradation. Medical care is mainly based on alleviating pain symptoms. Compelling studies report the presence of empty lacunae and hypocellularity in cartilage with aging and OA progression, suggesting that chondrocyte cell death occurs and participates to OA development. However, the relative contribution of apoptosis per se in OA pathogenesis appears complex to evaluate. Indeed, depending on technical approaches, OA stages, cartilage layers, animal models, as well as in vivo or in vitro experiments, the percentage of apoptosis and cell death types can vary. Apoptosis, chondroptosis, necrosis, and autophagic cell death are described in this review. The question of cell death causality in OA progression is also addressed, as well as the molecular pathways leading to cell death in response to the following inducers: Fas, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Tumor Necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin, nitric oxide (NO) donors, and mechanical stresses. Furthermore, the protective role of autophagy in chondrocytes is highlighted, as well as its decline during OA progression, enhancing chondrocyte cell death; the transition being mainly controlled by HIF-1α/HIF-2α imbalance. Finally, we have considered whether interfering in chondrocyte apoptosis or promoting autophagy could constitute therapeutic strategies to impede OA progression.
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Sorice M, Iannuccelli C, Manganelli V, Capozzi A, Alessandri C, Lococo E, Garofalo T, Di Franco M, Bombardieri M, Nerviani A, Misasi R, Valesini G. Autophagy generates citrullinated peptides in human synoviocytes: a possible trigger for anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 55:1374-85. [PMID: 27074807 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autophagy may represent a functional processing event that creates a substrate for autoreactivity. In particular, autophagy may play a role in the pathogenesis of RA, since autophagy is a key cellular event involved in the generation of citrullinated peptides, with consequent breakage of tolerance. Thus, in RA, autophagy may be the common feature in several situations (including smoking, joint injury and infection) that may drive the adaptive responses to citrullinated self-proteins. The aim of this study was the analysis, in vitro, of the role of autophagy in the generation of citrullinated peptides and, in vivo, of the relationship between autophagy and the production of anti-CCP antibodies (Abs). METHODS For autophagy induction, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, primary fibroblasts and monocytes were stimulated with tunicamycin or rapamycin. Peptidyl arginine deiminase activity was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and protein citrullination was evaluated by western blotting. The main citrullinated RA candidate antigens, vimentin, α-enolase and filaggrin, were demonstrated by immunoprecipitation. The relationship between autophagy and anti-CCP Abs was analysed in 30 early-active RA patients. RESULTS Our results demonstrated in vitro a role for autophagy in the citrullination process. Cells treated with tunicamycin or rapamycin showed peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 activation, with consequent protein citrullination. Immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation experiments, using specific Abs, identified the main citrullinated proteins: vimentin, α-enolase and filaggrin. In vivo, a significant association between levels of autophagy and anti-CCP Abs was observed in treatment-naïve early-active RA patients. CONCLUSION These findings support the view that the processing of proteins in autophagy generates citrullinated peptides recognized by the immune system in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Iannuccelli
- Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristiano Alessandri
- Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Manuela Di Franco
- Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alessandra Nerviani
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Guido Valesini
- Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
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