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Pineda C, Sandoval H, Pérez-Neri I, Soto-Fajardo C, Carranza-Enríquez F. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: historical overview and potential gaps. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1380135. [PMID: 38638938 PMCID: PMC11024366 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1380135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
CPPD disease can affect patients’ quality of life through its various clinical presentations. This mini-review discusses the evolution of CPPD from its discovery to current knowledge of its pathogenesis, genetic associations, diagnostics, and treatment options. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms of CPPD are not well understood, and there is a notable lack of knowledge about psychosocial impacts and patient experiences. This study aims to present a CPPD Disease Timeline identifying gaps in current knowledge and potential directions for future research. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of CPPD disease and emphasize the importance of continued research and innovation in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pineda
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Sandoval
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iván Pérez-Neri
- Evidence Synthesis Unit, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carina Soto-Fajardo
- Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fabián Carranza-Enríquez
- Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
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2
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Gao Z, Wang Q, Guo K, Li X, Huang Y. Enpp1 deficiency caused chondrocyte apoptosis by inhibiting AMPK signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:462. [PMID: 37370114 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND The deficiency of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (Enpp1) causes the phenotype similar to knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the molecular mechanism is poorly understood. METHOD The global deletion of Enpp1 (Enpp1-/-) mice was created to analyze the role of Enpp1 in the progress of knee OA. The apoptosis, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation ability of chondrocytes from wild-type (WT) and Enpp1-/- joints were compared. According to the results of high-throughput quantitative molecular measurements, the proteins of chondrocytes from WT and Enpp1-/- mice were used to explore the mechanism of Enpp1 deficiency-associated knee OA. RESULT In Enpp1-/- knee joints, we found significant chondrocyte apoptosis and proteomic results showed that abnormal expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway may contribute to this phenotype. In primary chondrocyte cultures in vitro, Enpp1 deletion dramatically enhancing chondrocyte apoptosis. Meanwhile, we found Enpp1 deletion inhibits the phosphorylation of AMPK (P-AMPK). We also found that decreased level of P-AMPK and chondrocyte apoptosis, which are caused by Enpp1 deficiency, can be reversed by Acadesine (AICAR), the activator of AMPK. CONCLUSION Consequently, Enpp1 deficiency plays an essential role in knee OA by regulating AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Di Raimo R, Mizzoni D, Spada M, Dolo V, Fais S, Logozzi M. Oral Treatment with Plant-Derived Exosomes Restores Redox Balance in H 2O 2-Treated Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1169. [PMID: 37371899 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived exosomes (PDEs) are receiving much attention as a natural source of antioxidants. Previous research has shown that PDEs contain a series of bioactives and that their content varies depending on the fruit or vegetable source. It has also been shown that fruits and vegetables derived from organic agriculture produce more exosomes, are safer, free of toxic substances, and contain more bioactives. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of orally administered mixes of PDE (Exocomplex®) to restore the physiological conditions of mice treated for two weeks with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), compared with mice left untreated after the period of H2O2 administration and mice that received only water during the experimental period. The results showed that Exocomplex® had a high antioxidant capacity and contained a series of bioactives, including Catalase, Glutathione (GSH), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Ascorbic Acid, Melatonin, Phenolic compounds, and ATP. The oral administration of Exocomplex® to the H2O2-treated mice re-established redox balance with reduced serum levels of both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), but also a general recovery of the homeostatic condition at the organ level, supporting the future use of PDE for health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Di Raimo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
- ExoLab Italia, Tecnopolo d'Abruzzo, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Mizzoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
- ExoLab Italia, Tecnopolo d'Abruzzo, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Massimo Spada
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenza Dolo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Fais
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Logozzi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
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4
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Hydrolytic (in)stability of phosphate isosteres. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Chang CC, Lee KL, Chan TS, Chung CC, Liang YC. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Downregulate Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Formation in Human Articular Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052604. [PMID: 35269745 PMCID: PMC8910507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) deposition disease (CPPD) is a form of CPP crystal-induced arthritis. A high concentration of extracellular pyrophosphate (ePPi) in synovial fluid is positively correlated with the formation of CPP crystals, and ePPi can be upregulated by ankylosis human (ANKH) and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase 1 (ENPP1) and downregulated by tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). However, there is currently no drug that eliminates CPP crystals. We explored the effects of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) trichostatin A (TSA) and vorinostat (SAHA) on CPP formation. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-treated human primary cultured articular chondrocytes (HC-a cells) were used to increase ePPi and CPP formation, which were determined by pyrophosphate assay and CPP crystal staining assay, respectively. Artificial substrates thymidine 5′-monophosphate p-nitrophenyl ester (p-NpTMP) and p-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP) were used to estimate ENPP1 and TNAP activities, respectively. The HDACis TSA and SAHA significantly reduced mRNA and protein expressions of ANKH and ENPP1 but increased TNAP expression in a dose-dependent manner in HC-a cells. Further results demonstrated that TSA and SAHA decreased ENPP1 activity, increased TNAP activity, and limited levels of ePPi and CPP. As expected, both TSA and SAHA significantly increased the acetylation of histones 3 and 4 but failed to block Smad-2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-β1. These results suggest that HDACis prevented the formation of CPP by regulating ANKH, ENPP1, and TNAP expressions and can possibly be developed as a potential drug to treat or prevent CPPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ching Chang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Sian Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chung
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (K.-L.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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6
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Stack J, McCarthy G. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease - Treatment options. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2021; 35:101720. [PMID: 34756508 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2021.101720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to gout, no disease-modifying therapies currently exist that reduce articular crystal deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals (CPPs). Treatment is aimed at ameliorating the inflammatory response and reducing the frequency and severity of clinical symptoms due to CPP deposition (CPPD). Despite being one of the most common forms of inflammatory arthritis, CPPD remains under-studied and evidence-based treatment guidelines remain lacking. Commonly used treatments for clinical manifestations of CPPD (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], colchicine and corticosteroids [CSs]) are extrapolated from use in gout. Anakinra and tocilizumab can be used in refractory cases. Though no current crystal-targeted treatments exist, studies suggest that nucleoside analogues and phosphocitrate can attenuate calcification of human cartilage ex-vivo. Hindering research, is the lack of a well-defined description of CPPD. However, international working groups have convened to establish classification criteria and validated outcome domains for CPPD. This should help facilitate the setting up of large multicentre studies, with well-defined cohorts, which can evaluate suitable therapies, providing high levels of evidence to guide clinicians. Here, we summarise and discuss the currently available anti-inflammatory treatment options for CPPD and discuss potential future crystal-targeted approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Stack
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St, Dublin 7, Ireland; University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Geraldine McCarthy
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St, Dublin 7, Ireland; University College Dublin, Ireland.
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Buchet R, Tribes C, Rouaix V, Doumèche B, Fiore M, Wu Y, Magne D, Mebarek S. Hydrolysis of Extracellular ATP by Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Transdifferentiated into Chondrocytes Generates P i but Not PP i. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062948. [PMID: 33799449 PMCID: PMC8000465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is suspected to induce atherosclerosis plaque calcification. TNAP, during physiological mineralization, hydrolyzes the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). Since atherosclerosis plaques are characterized by the presence of necrotic cells that probably release supraphysiological concentrations of ATP, we explored whether this extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is hydrolyzed into the mineralization inhibitor PPi or the mineralization stimulator inorganic phosphate (Pi), and whether TNAP is involved. (2) Methods: Murine aortic smooth muscle cell line (MOVAS cells) were transdifferentiated into chondrocyte-like cells in calcifying medium, containing ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate. ATP hydrolysis rates were determined in extracellular medium extracted from MOVAS cultures during their transdifferentiation, using 31P-NMR and IR spectroscopy. (3) Results: ATP and PPi hydrolysis by MOVAS cells increased during transdifferentiation. ATP hydrolysis was sequential, yielding adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and adenosine without any detectable PPi. The addition of levamisole partially inhibited ATP hydrolysis, indicating that TNAP and other types of ectonucleoside triphoshatediphosphohydrolases contributed to ATP hydrolysis. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that high ATP levels released by cells in proximity to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in atherosclerosis plaques generate Pi and not PPi, which may exacerbate plaque calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Buchet
- Institute for Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université Lyon 1, French National Centre for Scientific Research, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.T.); (V.R.); (B.D.); (M.F.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Camille Tribes
- Institute for Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université Lyon 1, French National Centre for Scientific Research, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.T.); (V.R.); (B.D.); (M.F.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Valentine Rouaix
- Institute for Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université Lyon 1, French National Centre for Scientific Research, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.T.); (V.R.); (B.D.); (M.F.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Bastien Doumèche
- Institute for Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université Lyon 1, French National Centre for Scientific Research, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.T.); (V.R.); (B.D.); (M.F.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Michele Fiore
- Institute for Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université Lyon 1, French National Centre for Scientific Research, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.T.); (V.R.); (B.D.); (M.F.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Yuqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - David Magne
- Institute for Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université Lyon 1, French National Centre for Scientific Research, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.T.); (V.R.); (B.D.); (M.F.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Saida Mebarek
- Institute for Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université Lyon 1, French National Centre for Scientific Research, F-69622 Lyon, France; (C.T.); (V.R.); (B.D.); (M.F.); (D.M.); (S.M.)
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8
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Valueva A, Romanov RS, Mariasina SS, Eliseev MS, Rodina EV. Inorganic Pyrophosphatase-Nanodiamond Conjugates Hydrolyze Pyrophosphate in Human Synovial Fluid. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:8579-8586. [PMID: 32337420 PMCID: PMC7178341 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The present work is focused on testing enzyme-based agents for the partial dissolution of calcium pyrophosphate (CaPPi) deposits in the cartilages and synovial fluid of patients with pyrophosphate arthropathy (CPPD disease). Previously, we suggested that inorganic pyrophosphatases (PPases) immobilized on nanodiamonds of detonation synthesis (NDs) could be appropriate for this purpose. We synthesized and characterized conjugates of NDs and PPases from Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The conjugates showed high enzymatic activity and resistance to inhibition by calcium and fluoride. Here, we tested the effectiveness of pyrophosphate (PPi) hydrolysis by the conjugates in an in vitro model system simulating the ionic composition of the synovial fluid and in the samples of synovial fluid of patients with CPPD via NMR spectroscopy. The conjugates of both PPases efficiently hydrolyzed triclinic crystalline calcium pyrophosphate (t-CPPD) in the model system. We evaluated the number of phosphorus-containing compounds in the synovial fluid, showed the possibility of PPi detection in it, and estimated the hydrolytic activity of the PPase conjugates. The soluble and immobilized PPases were able to hydrolyze a significant amount of PPi (1 mM) in the synovial fluid in short periods of time (24 h). The maximum activity was demonstrated for Mt-PPase immobilized on ND-NH-(CH2)6-NH2 (2.24 U mg-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya
V. Valueva
- Pharmaceutical
Department, Pavlov Ryazan State Medical
University, 9 Vysokovol’tnaya
Street, Ryazan 390026, Russia
| | - Roman S. Romanov
- Department
of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow
State University, 31, Building 5, Lomonosovsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Sofia S. Mariasina
- Department
of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow
State University, 31, Building 5, Lomonosovsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Maxim S. Eliseev
- V.A.
Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, Kaschirskoe h. 34A, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Elena V. Rodina
- Chemistry
Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Building 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
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Nassir M, Mirza S, Arad U, Lee S, Rafehi M, Yaw Attah I, Renn C, Zimmermann H, Pelletier J, Sévigny J, Müller CE, Fischer B. Adenine-(methoxy)-ethoxy-P α,α-dithio-triphosphate inhibits pathologic calcium pyrophosphate deposition in osteoarthritic human chondrocytes. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9913-9923. [PMID: 31720670 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 (NPP1) inhibitors have been suggested as a potential treatment for calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease. Here, we targeted the development of improved NPP1 inhibitors based on acyclic mimics of Pα,α-phosphorodithioate-substituted adenine nucleotides, 7-10. The latter were obtained in a facile two-step synthesis from adenine-(methoxy)ethanol. Among analogs 7-10, adenine-(methoxy)ethoxy-Pα,α-dithio-triphosphate, 8, was the most potent NPP1 inhibitor both with purified enzyme (IC50 0.645 μM) and in osteoarthritic human chondrocytes (IC50 0.033 μM). Furthermore, it efficaciously (10-fold vs. control) inhibited ATP-induced CPPD in human articular chondrocytes. Importantly, 8 was a highly selective NPP1 inhibitor which showed only minor inhibition of NPP3, CD39 and CD73, and did not inhibit TNAP (tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase) activity in human chondrocytes. Furthermore, 8 did not activate P2Y1,2,6 receptors. Analog 8 was not toxic to cultured chondrocytes at 100 μM. Therefore, 8 may be suitable for further development as a drug candidate for the treatment of CPPD arthritis and other NPP1-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molhm Nassir
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel. bilha.fischer@ biu.ac.il
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10
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Onyedibe KI, Wang M, Sintim HO. ENPP1, an Old Enzyme with New Functions, and Small Molecule Inhibitors-A STING in the Tale of ENPP1. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224192. [PMID: 31752288 PMCID: PMC6891441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase I (ENPP1) was identified several decades ago as a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with nucleotide pyrophosphatase and phosphodiesterase enzymatic activities, critical for purinergic signaling. Recently, ENPP1 has emerged as a critical phosphodiesterase that degrades the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) ligand, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). cGAMP or analogs thereof have emerged as potent immunostimulatory agents, which have potential applications in immunotherapy. This emerging role of ENPP1 has placed this "old" enzyme at the frontier of immunotherapy. This review highlights the roles played by ENPP1, the mechanism of cGAMP hydrolysis by ENPP1, and small molecule inhibitors of ENPP1 with potential applications in diverse disease states, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth I. Onyedibe
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (K.I.O.); (M.W.)
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Modi Wang
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (K.I.O.); (M.W.)
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (K.I.O.); (M.W.)
- Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(765)-496-6078; Fax: +1-(765)-494-0239
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Structure-activity relationship study of NPP1 inhibitors based on uracil-N1-(methoxy)ethyl-β-phosphate scaffold. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 184:111754. [PMID: 31610377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase-1 (NPP1) is associated with diseases such as calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease, calcific aortic valve disease, and type 2 diabetes. In this context, NPP1 inhibitors are potential drug candidates for the treatment of these diseases. The present study focuses on the analysis of the structure-activity relationship of NPP1 inhibitors based on acyclic uracil-nucleotides. For this purpose, we synthesized acyclic uridine-monophosphate analogs, 10-11, uridine-diphosphate analogs, 12-14, and uridine-Pα,α-dithio-triphosphate analogs, 15-17. We evaluated their inhibitory activity and selectivity towards NPP1, -3, NTPDase1, -2, -3, and -8, and P2Y2,4,6 receptors. Analogs 16 and 17 were the most selective and potent NPP1 inhibitors (Ki 0.94 and 0.73 μM, respectively) among the tested molecules. Analogs 10-17 had only minute effect on uracil-nucleotide responding P2Y2,4,6 receptors. Analog 17 (100 μM) displayed 96% inhibition of NPPase activity in osteoarthritic human chondrocytes. Analogs 14-17 displayed weak inhibitory effect on alkaline phosphatase activity at equimolar concentrations in human chondrocytes. All tested analogs showed no toxicity at human chondrocytes. We concluded that ribose-ring to chain transformation, as well as the type of the nucleobase, are parameters of minor significance to NPP1 inhibition, whereas the major parameter is Pα-dithio-substitution. In addition, the length of the phosphate chain also significantly affects inhibition. Overall, the experimental results were well reproduced by molecular docking. A correlation was observed between the activities of the compounds and the number of H-bonds and salt bridges formed between the inhibitors and NPP1 binding site residues. Uracil-N1-(methoxy)ethyl-β-Pα,α-dithio, Pβ,γ-methylene tri-phosphate, 17, was identified as the most potent, selective, and non-toxic NPP1 inhibitor among the tested analogs, and may be used as a lead structure for further drug development.
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Knitza J, Kleyer A, Schett G, Manger B. [Chondrocalcinosis: idiopathic or manifestation of rare metabolic diseases?]. DER ORTHOPADE 2019; 48:949-956. [PMID: 31515589 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-019-03805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Calcification in hyaline and fibrocartilage is caused by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate, commonly referred to as chondrocalcinosis. Clinically, this can lead to arthritis symptoms similar to a gout attack -"pseudogout". Nonetheless, also chronic or asymptomatic disease courses are possible. The prevalence of chondrocalcinosis increases with age. The diagnostic workup of degenerative joint disease, therefore, often reveals calcifications of articular cartilage as harmless incidental findings. However, particularly in patients younger than 60 years of age, chondrocalcinosis can be the symptom of an underlying metabolic disease. This review article highlights these rare diseases and presents unusual manifestations of chondrocalcinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Knitza
- Medizinische Klinik 3 - Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
| | - A Kleyer
- Medizinische Klinik 3 - Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - G Schett
- Medizinische Klinik 3 - Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - B Manger
- Medizinische Klinik 3 - Rheumatologie und Immunologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland
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Nassir M, Arad U, Lee SY, Journo S, Mirza S, Renn C, Zimmermann H, Pelletier J, Sévigny J, Müller CE, Fischer B. Identification of adenine-N9-(methoxy)ethyl-β-bisphosphonate as NPP1 inhibitor attenuates NPPase activity in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:247-263. [PMID: 31025169 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overproduction of extracellular diphosphate due to hydrolysis of ATP by NPP1 leads to pathological calcium diphosphate (pyrophosphate) dihydrate deposition (CPPD) in cartilage, resulting in a degenerative joint disease that today lacks a cure. Here, we targeted the identification of novel NPP1 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for CPPD deposition disease. Specifically, we synthesized novel analogs of AMP (NPP1 reaction product) and ADP (NPP1 inhibitor). These derivatives incorporate several chemical modifications of the natural nucleotides including (1) a methylene group replacing the Pα,β-bridging oxygen atom to provide metabolic resistance, (2) sulfonate group(s) replacing phosphonate(s) to improve binding to NPP1's catalytic zinc ions, (3) an acyclic nucleotide analog to allow flexible binding in the NPP1 catalytic site, and (4) a benzimidazole base replacing adenine. Among the investigated compounds, adenine-N9-(methoxy)ethyl-β-bisphosphonate, 10, was identified as an NPP1 inhibitor (Ki 16.3 μM vs. the artificial substrate p-nitrophenyl thymidine-5'-monophosphate (p-Nph-5'-TMP), and 9.60 μM vs. the natural substrate, ATP). Compound 10 was selective for NPP1 vs. human NPP3, human CD39, and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), but also inhibited human CD73 (Ki 12.6 μM). Thus, 10 is a dual NPP1/CD73 inhibitor, which could not only be of interest for treating CPPD deposition disease and calcific aortic valve disease but may also be considered for the immunotherapy of cancer. Compound 10 proved to be a promising inhibitor, which almost completely reduces NPPase activity in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes at a concentration of 100 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molhm Nassir
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Uri Arad
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center and the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sang-Yong Lee
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shani Journo
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center and the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Salahuddin Mirza
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Renn
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Herbert Zimmermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe-University, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julie Pelletier
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bilha Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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Vladimirov SA, Eliseev MS. Current strategy in the treatment of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease. RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2018-746-752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The paper considers currently available drugs used to treat calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the most widely used drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, glucocorticoids, traditional immunosuppressants, as well as prospects for the use of biologic agents.
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