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Wang X, Luo D, Li T, Li Y, Deng S, Rong S. Relationship between dietary diversity and sleep quality: a Chinese community-based study. Sleep Breath 2024; 28:1347-1353. [PMID: 38427221 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-024-03006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary diversity and sleep quality among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. METHODS The Lifestyle and Healthy Aging of Chinese Square Dancer Study is a prospective, community-based cohort study that enrolled participants aged 45 years and above from 2020 to 2021. Using the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire to investigate the diets of study participants, and using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality. Dietary diversity was assessed using two scoring methods covering ten food groups and 66 food items, respectively: the dietary diversity score (DDS) and the food variety score (FVS). The higher scores of DDS and FVS indicated greater dietary diversity and higher dietary quality. Logistic regression analysis explored the associations between these scores and sleep quality. RESULTS A total of 2409 individuals with completed information on PSQI and FFQ were included in this study, of whom 767 (31.8%) had poor sleep quality. Participants with higher DDS were associated with an 18% lower odds of poor sleep quality compared to those with low DDS (OR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.68-0.98). Participants in the highest quartile of the FVS had a 32% lower odds of poor sleep quality than those in the lowest quartile (OR = 0.68, 95% CI, 0.52-0.89). CONCLUSIONS There was a positive correlation between higher FVS and DDS with better sleep quality. Therefore, ensuring a diverse diet may be beneficial for maintaining good sleep quality among middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Center of Public Health, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Dan Luo
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Center of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard, Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Center of Public Health, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Senli Deng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Center of Public Health, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shuang Rong
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Research Center of Public Health, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Li H, Li J, Liu Q, Wang Y, Sun L, Hu B, Chen G, Zhang D, Liang C, Lei J, Wang P, Tao F, Yang L. The Association Between Essential Metal Element Mixture and Sleep Quality in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:900-912. [PMID: 37340210 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have related single essential metal elements (EMEs) to sleep quality among older adults, however, the association of the EME mixture with sleep quality remained poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between single EMEs and the EME mixture and sleep quality in older adults living in Chinese communities. This study consisted of 3957 older adults aged 60 years or over. Urinary concentrations of cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The associations of single EMEs and EME mixture with sleep quality were assessed using logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models, respectively. Adjusted single-element logistic regression models showed that Mo (OR = 0.927, 95%CI:0.867-0.990), Sr (OR = 0.927, 95%CI:0.864-0.994), and Mg (OR = 0.934, 95%CI:0.873-0.997) were negatively related to poor sleep quality. BKMR models exhibited similar results. Also, higher levels of the EME mixture in urine were inversely related to the odds of poor sleep quality after adjustment for covariates, and Mo had the largest conditional posterior inclusion probability (condPIP) value in the mixture. Mo, Sr, and Mg were negatively related to poor sleep quality, separately and as the mixture. The EME mixture in urine was associated with decreased odds of poor sleep quality in older adults, and Mo was the greatest contributor within the mixture. Additional cohort research is warranted to clarify the relationship of multiple EMEs with sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huaibiao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Junzhe Li
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jingyuan Lei
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Minoretti P, Santiago Sáez A, García Martín Á, Liaño Riera M, Gómez Serrano M, Emanuele E. Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels, Not 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Are Associated With Sleep Quality in Airline Pilots. Cureus 2023; 15:e50940. [PMID: 38259397 PMCID: PMC10801269 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the vulnerability of airline pilots (APs) to sleep disturbances, the biological underpinnings responsible for this phenomenon are still not entirely elucidated. However, there is an increasing amount of evidence indicating an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca2+, and Mg2+ levels and sleep health. In this cross-sectional study, we sought to examine the potential associations between serum levels of these biomarkers and the occurrence of poor sleep among APs. METHODS We examined a convenience sample of 100 male APs who underwent the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess their sleep quality. Those who scored 5 or higher on the PSQI were labeled as poor sleepers. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca2+, and Mg2+ were quantified in all participants. RESULTS Out of the 100 APs, 58 (58%) and 42 (42%) were classified as good and poor sleepers, respectively, based on the PSQI scores. We defined vitamin D deficiency as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels below 10 ng/mL and insufficiency as levels ranging from 10 to 30 ng/mL. The results revealed no significant differences in serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D between the two groups, and there was no evidence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. However, poor sleepers exhibited significantly lower levels of both Mg2+ (1.8 ± 0.1 mg/dL versus2.0 ± 0.1 mg/dL, respectively) and Ca2+ (8.5 ± 0.4 mg/dL versus9.1 ± 0.5 mg/dL, respectively) compared to good sleepers (P < 0.001 for both). Logistic regression analysis identified both Mg2+ and Ca2+ as independent biomarkers associated with poor sleep quality in APs (P < 0.001 for both). CONCLUSION Lower serum concentrations of Mg2+ and Ca2+, not 25-hydroxyvitamin D, may be associated with poor sleep in APs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrés Santiago Sáez
- Legal Medicine, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, ESP
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
| | - Ángel García Martín
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
| | - Miryam Liaño Riera
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
| | - Manuel Gómez Serrano
- Legal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, ESP
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Mao S, Wu L, Shi W. Changing trend of neonatal Ca/P/Mg status in a Chinese population. Transl Pediatr 2023; 12:1659-1667. [PMID: 37814713 PMCID: PMC10560350 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) are essential elements for keeping the body homeostasis. We aimed to investigate the changing trend of serum levels of Ca/P/Mg in neonates. Methods We enrolled 82 premature newborns, 173 neonatal sepsis, 50 neonatal hypoglycemia, 254 neonatal jaundice, 43 neonatal haemolytic disease, and 59 healthy controls in our retrospective study. Serum levels of Ca/P/Mg were collected and expressed in quarters. We analysed the association between neonatal disorders and Ca/P/Mg levels (fourth quarter vs. first quarter) using binary logistic regression analysis. Smooth curve analysis was performed to analyze the non-linear association between birthweight/procalcitonin (PCT) and Ca/P levels. Threshold effect analysis was also performed to yield the turning point of birthweight/PCT in their associations with Ca/P levels. Results Binary logistic regression analyses showed that neonatal haemolytic disease, hypoglycemia, sepsis, jaundice, and prematurity were all significantly associated with the fourth quarter of Ca level (P<10-4; P<10-4; P<10-4; P=0.001; and P<10-4, respectively). Neonatal hypoglycemia and prematurity were significantly associated with the fourth quarter of P level (P=0.004; and P=0.003, respectively). Neonatal haemolytic disease, hypoglycemia, sepsis, jaundice and prematurity were not associated with Mg level. Birthweight was significantly associated with Ca level before and after the turning point of 3,220 grams. PCT was significantly associated with Ca level before and after the turning point of 16.8 µg/L. Birthweight was significantly associated with P level before the turning point of 2,990 gram. PCT was significantly associated with P level before the turning points of 3.5 and 34.21 µg/L. Conclusions Neonatal disorders demonstrated a decreasing trend of serum Ca/P level. A significantly non-linear association was observed between birthweight/PCT and serum Ca/P levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangxia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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St-Onge MP, Zuraikat FM, Neilson M. Exploring the Role of Dairy Products In Sleep Quality: From Population Studies to Mechanistic Evaluations. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:283-294. [PMID: 36774251 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor sleep quality and insufficient sleep affect a large portion of the population. This is concerning given increasing evidence that poor sleep health is a behavioral risk factor for the development of cardiometabolic diseases. A healthy diet is associated with a plethora of favorable health outcomes, and emerging research now highlights diet as a potential determinant of sleep health that could be leveraged to improve sleep quality. Dairy products are notably rich in tryptophan (Trp), a key substrate for serotonin and melatonin production, which are instrumental for initiating and maintaining sleep. Furthermore, dairy products provide a range of micronutrients that serve as cofactors in the synthesis of melatonin from Trp, which could contribute to sleep-promoting effects. In this review, we evaluate population studies and clinical trials to examine a possible link between dairy consumption and sleep. Available epidemiologic studies illustrate positive associations between dairy intake and sleep outcomes. Moreover, some intervention studies support a causal effect of dairy intake on sleep. Given these data, we discuss potential mechanisms, invite additional clinical research on this topic, and provide insights on how limitations of current studies can be addressed in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Center of Excellence in Sleep and Circadian Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Faris M Zuraikat
- Center of Excellence in Sleep and Circadian Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mackenzie Neilson
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Dhillon VS, Deo P, Thomas P, Fenech M. Low Magnesium in Conjunction with High Homocysteine and Less Sleep Accelerates Telomere Attrition in Healthy Elderly Australian. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020982. [PMID: 36674498 PMCID: PMC9866301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between sleep and micronutrients, including magnesium, is implicated in its regulation. The effects of low magnesium and other micronutrients on sleep disruption and telomere loss are not well understood. The present study was carried out in 172 healthy elderly subjects from South Australia. Plasma micronutrients including magnesium were measured. Each participant provided information about their sleep hours (<7 h or ≥7 h). Lymphocyte telomere length (TL) was measured by real-time qPCR assay. Plasma magnesium level was significantly low in subjects who sleep less than 7 h (p = 0.0002). TL was significantly shorter in people who are low in magnesium and sleep less than 7 h (p = 0.01). Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is negatively associated with magnesium (r = −0.299; p < 0.0001). There is a significant interaction effect of magnesium and Hcy on sleep duration (p = 0.04) and TL (p = 0.003). Our results suggest that inadequate magnesium levels have an adverse impact on sleep and telomere attrition rate in cognitively normal elderly people, and this may be exacerbated by low levels of vitamin B12 and folate that elevate Hcy concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinderpal S. Dhillon
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.S.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Philip Thomas
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia
- Correspondence: (V.S.D.); (M.F.)
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Is Melatonin the “Next Vitamin D”?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193934. [PMID: 36235587 PMCID: PMC9571539 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as a chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, and many other conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to greater awareness of melatonin because of its ability to act as a potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, and mitochondrial regulator. There are distinct similarities between melatonin and vitamin D in the depth and breadth of their impact on health. Both act as hormones, affect multiple systems through their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, are found in the skin, and are responsive to sunlight and darkness. In fact, there may be similarities between the widespread concern about vitamin D deficiency as a “sunlight deficiency” and reduced melatonin secretion as a result of “darkness deficiency” from overexposure to artificial blue light. The trend toward greater use of melatonin supplements has resulted in concern about its safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, and application in certain populations (e.g., children). This review aims to evaluate the recent data on melatonin’s mechanisms, its clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning dietary supplementation, including the different formats available (animal, synthetic, and phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, and nutrient combinations.
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