1
|
Kawagoe JC, Abrams AE, Lourie AP, Walse SS. Ethyl formate dilution in carbon dioxide for fumigation control of the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys, Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3090-3097. [PMID: 35437899 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys, has caused significant agricultural damage to numerous hosts, so agricultural producers seek to limit its spread. Where established, BMSB can also cause substantial urban and commercial disturbance, as overwintering adults may seek refuge inside dwellings, covered spaces, vehicles, and consignments. Phytosanitary authorities are most concerned with the importation of 'hitchhiking' adults in this refugia, with certain countries requiring a quarantine treatment to mitigate risk. This study explores fumigation with ethyl formate, applied as 16.7% by mass dilution in carbon dioxide, for control of adult BMSB. RESULTS The induction of diapause, to simulate overwintering physiology, resulted in 2- and 3-fold increases in the tolerance of adults toward this ethyl formate fumigation at 10 ± 0.5 °C ( x ¯ ± 2 s ) lasting for 8 and 12 h, respectively. However, a decreased tolerance (0.7-fold) of diapausing specimens was observed for a 4-h duration. Diapausing and nondiapausing adult BMSB can be controlled at the probit 9 level if the headspace concentration of ethyl formate, [EF], in the carbon dioxide mixture is maintained ≥7.68 mg L-1 for 12 h at 10 ± 0.5 °C ( x ¯ ± 2 s ). If the duration is shortened to 4 h, [EF] must be maintained ≥14.73 mg L-1 over the course of fumigation. CONCLUSION The toxicity of ethyl formate in this mixture can be distinct for different physiological states of the same life stage, as evidenced by a ca. 3-fold increase in the Haber's z parameter for adult BMSB when in diapause. Respective to the physiological state of adults, this study identifies how the applied dose and/or treatment duration can be modulated (i.e. tuned) to ensure adequate toxicological efficacy toward BMSB infesting hosts or refuge at temperatures ca. >10 °C. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James C Kawagoe
- Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Adelaine E Abrams
- Horticulture and Agronomy Graduate Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Austin P Lourie
- Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Spencer S Walse
- Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate Group, Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- USDA - Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jagadeesan R, Nayak MK. Phosphine resistance does not confer cross-resistance to sulfuryl fluoride in four major stored grain insect pests. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:1391-1401. [PMID: 27783467 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Susceptibility to phosphine (PH3 ) and sulfuryl fluoride (SF) and cross-resistance to SF were evaluated in two life stages (eggs and adults) of key grain insect pests, Rhyzopertha dominca (F.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). This study was performed with an aim to integrate SF into phosphine resistance management programmes in Australia. RESULTS Characterisation of susceptibility and resistance to phosphine in eggs and adults showed that C. ferrugineus was the most tolerant as well as resistant species. Mortality responses of eggs and adults to SF at 25 °C revealed T. castaneum to be the most tolerant species followed by S. oryzae, C. ferrugineus and R. dominica. A high dose range of SF, 50.8-62.2 mg L-1 over 48 h, representing c (concentration) × t (time) products of 2438-2985 gh m-3 , was required for complete control of eggs of T. castaneum, whereas eggs of the least tolerant R. dominca required only 630 gh m-3 for 48 h (13.13 mg L-1 ). Mortality response of eggs and adults of phosphine-resistant strains to SF in all four species confirmed the lack of cross-resistance to SF. CONCLUSION Our research concludes that phosphine resistance does not confer cross-resistance to SF in grain insect pests irrespective of the variation in levels of tolerance to SF itself or resistance to phosphine in their egg and adult stages. While our study confirms that SF has potential as a 'phosphine resistance breaker', the observed higher tolerance in eggs stresses the importance of developing SF fumigation protocols with longer exposure periods. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswaran Jagadeesan
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for National Plant Biosecurity, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
| | - Manoj K Nayak
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for National Plant Biosecurity, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khoshnevisan A, Chuamsaamarkkee K, Boudjemeline M, Jackson A, Smith GE, Gee AD, Fruhwirth GO, Blower PJ. 18F-Fluorosulfate for PET Imaging of the Sodium-Iodide Symporter: Synthesis and Biologic Evaluation In Vitro and In Vivo. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:156-161. [PMID: 27539841 PMCID: PMC6233868 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.177519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anion transport by the human sodium-iodide symporter (hNIS) is an established target for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy. Current radiotracers for PET of hNIS expression are limited to 124I- and 18F-BF4- We sought new 18F-labeled hNIS substrates offering higher specific activity, higher affinity, and simpler radiochemical synthesis than 18F-BF4- METHODS: The ability of a range of anions, some containing fluorine, to block 99mTcO4- uptake in hNIS-expressing cells was measured. SO3F- emerged as a promising candidate. 18F-SO3F- was synthesized by reaction of 18F- with SO3-pyridine complex in MeCN and purified using alumina and quaternary methyl ammonium solid-phase extraction cartridges. Chemical and radiochemical purity and serum stability were determined by radiochromatography. Radiotracer uptake and efflux in hNIS-transduced HCT116-C19 cells and the hNIS-negative parent cell line were evaluated in vitro in the presence and absence of a known competitive inhibitor (NaClO4). PET/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution measurement were conducted on BALB/c mice, with and without NaClO4 inhibition. RESULTS Fluorosulfate was identified as a potent inhibitor of 99mTcO4- uptake via hNIS in vitro (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, 0.55-0.56 μM (in comparison with 0.29-4.5 μM for BF4-, 0.07 μM for TcO4-, and 2.7-4.7 μM for I-). Radiolabeling to produce 18F-SO3F- was simple and afforded high radiochemical purity suitable for biologic evaluation (radiochemical purity > 95%, decay-corrected radiochemical yield = 31.6%, specific activity ≥ 48.5 GBq/μmol). Specific, blockable hNIS-mediated uptake in HCT116-C19 cells was observed in vitro, and PET/CT imaging of normal mice showed uptake in thyroid, salivary glands (percentage injected dose/g at 30 min, 563 ± 140 and 32 ± 9, respectively), and stomach (percentage injected dose/g at 90 min, 68 ± 21). CONCLUSION Fluorosulfate is a high-affinity hNIS substrate. 18F-SO3F- is easily synthesized in high yield and very high specific activity and is a promising candidate for preclinical and clinical PET imaging of hNIS expression and thyroid-related disease; it is the first example of in vivo PET imaging with a tracer containing an S-18F bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Khoshnevisan
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Krisanat Chuamsaamarkkee
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Mehdi Boudjemeline
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | | | | | - Antony D Gee
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Gilbert O Fruhwirth
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Philip J Blower
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong J, Krasnova L, Finn MG, Sharpless KB. Sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx): another good reaction for click chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9430-48. [PMID: 25112519 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 744] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aryl sulfonyl chlorides (e.g. Ts-Cl) are beloved of organic chemists as the most commonly used S(VI) electrophiles, and the parent sulfuryl chloride, O2 S(VI) Cl2 , has also been relied on to create sulfates and sulfamides. However, the desired halide substitution event is often defeated by destruction of the sulfur electrophile because the S(VI) Cl bond is exceedingly sensitive to reductive collapse yielding S(IV) species and Cl(-) . Fortunately, the use of sulfur(VI) fluorides (e.g., R-SO2 -F and SO2 F2 ) leaves only the substitution pathway open. As with most of click chemistry, many essential features of sulfur(VI) fluoride reactivity were discovered long ago in Germany.6a Surprisingly, this extraordinary work faded from view rather abruptly in the mid-20th century. Here we seek to revive it, along with John Hyatt's unnoticed 1979 full paper exposition on CH2 CH-SO2 -F, the most perfect Michael acceptor ever found.98 To this history we add several new observations, including that the otherwise very stable gas SO2 F2 has excellent reactivity under the right circumstances. We also show that proton or silicon centers can activate the exchange of SF bonds for SO bonds to make functional products, and that the sulfate connector is surprisingly stable toward hydrolysis. Applications of this controllable ligation chemistry to small molecules, polymers, and biomolecules are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037 (USA)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dong J, Krasnova L, Finn MG, Sharpless KB. Schwefel(VI)-fluorid-Austausch (SuFEx): Eine weitere gute Anwendung für die Click-Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
6
|
Tsai WT. Environmental and health risks of sulfuryl fluoride, a fumigant replacement for methyl bromide. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2010; 28:125-145. [PMID: 20552499 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2010.481806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sulfuryl fluoride (SO(2)F(2)) is used primarily as a fumigant in replacement of methyl bromide, but it has the potential to contribute significantly to the global warming. This article introduces SO(2)F(2) in the physicochemical properties, the current uses in agriculture and industry, the toxicological data, and the environmental implications on the basis of its environmental properties. The health hazards of SO(2)F(2) and its probable decomposition products were also evaluated based on their occupational exposure limits and possible exposure sources. The resident and occupational exposure assessment was further discussed to understand seriousness of risk caused by SO(2)F(2) and its decomposition products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tien Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schneir A, Clark RF, Kene M, Betten D. Systemic fluoride poisoning and death from inhalational exposure to sulfuryl fluoride. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2008; 46:850-4. [DOI: 10.1080/15563650801938662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
8
|
Bjørling-Poulsen M, Andersen HR, Grandjean P. Potential developmental neurotoxicity of pesticides used in Europe. Environ Health 2008; 7:50. [PMID: 18945337 PMCID: PMC2577708 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-7-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides used in agriculture are designed to protect crops against unwanted species, such as weeds, insects, and fungus. Many compounds target the nervous system of insect pests. Because of the similarity in brain biochemistry, such pesticides may also be neurotoxic to humans. Concerns have been raised that the developing brain may be particularly vulnerable to adverse effects of neurotoxic pesticides. Current requirements for safety testing do not include developmental neurotoxicity. We therefore undertook a systematic evaluation of published evidence on neurotoxicity of pesticides in current use, with specific emphasis on risks during early development. Epidemiologic studies show associations with neurodevelopmental deficits, but mainly deal with mixed exposures to pesticides. Laboratory experimental studies using model compounds suggest that many pesticides currently used in Europe--including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, ethylenebisdithiocarbamates, and chlorophenoxy herbicides--can cause neurodevelopmental toxicity. Adverse effects on brain development can be severe and irreversible. Prevention should therefore be a public health priority. The occurrence of residues in food and other types of human exposures should be prevented with regard to the pesticide groups that are known to be neurotoxic. For other substances, given their widespread use and the unique vulnerability of the developing brain, the general lack of data on developmental neurotoxicity calls for investment in targeted research. While awaiting more definite evidence, existing uncertainties should be considered in light of the need for precautionary action to protect brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bjørling-Poulsen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Winslowparken 17, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle Raun Andersen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Winslowparken 17, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Winslowparken 17, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Landmark Building 3E-110, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nabb DL, Szostek B, Himmelstein MW, Mawn MP, Gargas ML, Sweeney LM, Stadler JC, Buck RC, Fasano WJ. In Vitro Metabolism of 8-2 Fluorotelomer Alcohol: Interspecies Comparisons and Metabolic Pathway Refinement. Toxicol Sci 2007; 100:333-44. [PMID: 17785680 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfm230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of perfluorinated organic compounds in the environment has generated interest in their biological fate. 8-2 Fluorotelomer alcohol (8-2 FTOH, C(7)F(15)CF(2)CH(2)CH(2)OH), a raw material used in the manufacture of fluorotelomer-based products, has been identified in the environment and has been implicated as a potential source for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the environment. In this study, the in vitro metabolism of [3-(14)C] 8-2 FTOH and selected acid metabolites by rat, mouse, trout, and human hepatocytes and by rat, mouse, and human liver microsomes and cytosol were investigated. Clearance rates of 8-2 FTOH in hepatocytes indicated rat > mouse > human >/= trout. A number of metabolites not previously reported were identified, adding further understanding to the pathway for 8-2 FTOH metabolism. Neither perfluorooctanoate nor perfluorononanoate was detected from incubations with human microsomes. To further elucidate the steps in the metabolic pathway, hepatocytes were incubated with 8-2 fluorotelomer acid, 8-2 fluorotelomer unsaturated acid, 7-3 acid, 7-3 unsaturated acid, and 7-2 secondary fluorotelomer alcohol. Shorter chain perfluorinated acids were only observed in hepatocyte and microsome incubations of the 8-2 acids but not from the 7-3 acids. Overall, the results indicate that 8-2 FTOH is extensively metabolized in rats and mice and to a lesser extent in humans and trout. Metabolism of 8-2 FTOH to perfluorinated acids was extremely small and likely mediated by enzymes in the microsomal fraction. These results suggest that human exposure to 8-2 FTOH is not expected to be a significant source of PFOA or any other perfluorocarboxylic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diane L Nabb
- DuPont Haskell Laboratory for Health and Environmental Sciences, Newark, DE 19714, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|