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Hou X, Mao Z, Song X, Li R, Liao W, Kang N, Zhang C, Liu X, Chen R, Huo W, Wang C, Hou J. Synergistic association of long-term ozone exposure and solid fuel use with biomarkers of advanced fibrosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85318-85329. [PMID: 37382821 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the association of combined exposure to cooking fuel type and ambient ozone (O3) levels with hepatic fibrosis indices among rural adults. A total of 21,010 participants were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort. Information regarding cooking fuel type was collected through a questionnaire, and the concentration of ground-level O3 for each subject was obtained from the Tracking Air Pollution in China (TAP) dataset. A generalized linear model was used to examine the independent association of cooking fuel type or O3 exposure with hepatic fibrosis indices (FIB-4, APRI, and AST/ALT), and their possible interactions with advanced fibrosis were conducted. Compared to clean fuel users, solid fuel users had increased the risk of advanced fibrosis, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of its assessment by FIB-4 1.240 (1.151, 1.336), by APRI 1.298 (1.185, 1.422), and by AST/ALT 1.135 (1.049, 1.227), respectively. Compared to low O3 exposure, the adjusted ORs of advanced fibrosis assessed by FIB-4, APRI, and AST/ALT in women with high O3 exposure were correspondingly 1.219 (1.138, 1.305), 1.110 (1.017, 1.212), and 0.883 (0.822, 0.949). The adjusted ORs of advanced fibrosis assessed by FIB-4, APRI, and AST/ALT for solid fuel users with high O3 exposure relative to clean fuel users with low O3 exposure in women were 1.557 (1.381, 1.755), 1.427 (1.237, 1.644), and 0.979 (0.863, 1.108), respectively. Significant additive effect of O3 exposure and solid fuel use on FIB-4-defined advanced fibrosis was observed in women, which was quantified by RERI (0.265, 95%CI: 0.052, 0.477), AP (0.170 95%CI: 0.045, 0.295), and SI (1.906, 95%CI: 1.058, 3.432). Solid fuel users with high O3 exposure were significantly associated with elevated hepatic fibrosis indices among rural women, suggesting that poor air quality may induce hepatocellular injury, and women might be more vulnerable to air pollution. The findings indicate that using cleaner fuels in cooking is an effective measure to maintain sustainable development of the environment and gain beneficial effect on human health. Clinical trial registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 06 July 2015. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Song
- Physical Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoling Chen
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Beier JI, Arteel GE. Environmental exposure as a risk-modifying factor in liver diseases: Knowns and unknowns. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3768-3778. [PMID: 35024305 PMCID: PMC8727918 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are considered to predominantly possess an inherited or xenobiotic etiology. However, inheritance drives the ability to appropriately adapt to environmental stressors, and disease is the culmination of a maladaptive response. Thus “pure” genetic and “pure” xenobiotic liver diseases are modified by each other and other factors, identified or unknown. The purpose of this review is to highlight the knowledgebase of environmental exposure as a potential risk modifying agent for the development of liver disease by other causes. This exercise is not to argue that all liver diseases have an environmental component, but to challenge the assumption that the current state of our knowledge is sufficient in all cases to conclusively dismiss this as a possibility. This review also discusses key new tools and approaches that will likely be critical to address this question in the future. Taken together, identifying the key gaps in our understanding is critical for the field to move forward, or at the very least to “know what we don't know.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane I. Beier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Gavin E. Arteel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Corresponding authors.
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LaKind JS, Burns CJ, Pottenger LH, Naiman DQ, Goodman JE, Marchitti SA. Does ozone inhalation cause adverse metabolic effects in humans? A systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:467-508. [PMID: 34569909 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2021.1965086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We utilized a practical, transparent approach for systematically reviewing a chemical-specific evidence base. This approach was used for a case study of ozone inhalation exposure and adverse metabolic effects (overweight/obesity, Type 1 diabetes [T1D], Type 2 diabetes [T2D], and metabolic syndrome). We followed the basic principles of systematic review. Studies were defined as "Suitable" or "Supplemental." The evidence for Suitable studies was characterized as strong or weak. An overall causality judgment for each outcome was then determined as either causal, suggestive, insufficient, or not likely. Fifteen epidemiologic and 33 toxicologic studies were Suitable for evidence synthesis. The strength of the human evidence was weak for all outcomes. The toxicologic evidence was weak for all outcomes except two: body weight, and impaired glucose tolerance/homeostasis and fasting/baseline hyperglycemia. The combined epidemiologic and toxicologic evidence was categorized as weak for overweight/obesity, T1D, and metabolic syndrome,. The association between ozone exposure and T2D was determined to be insufficient or suggestive. The streamlined approach described in this paper is transparent and focuses on key elements. As systematic review guidelines are becoming increasingly complex, it is worth exploring the extent to which related health outcomes should be combined or kept distinct, and the merits of focusing on critical elements to select studies suitable for causal inference. We recommend that systematic review results be used to target discussions around specific research needs for advancing causal determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy S LaKind
- LaKind Associates, LLC, Catonsville, MD, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carol J Burns
- Burns Epidemiology Consulting, LLC, Sanford, MI, USA
| | | | - Daniel Q Naiman
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Lin SY, Ma J, An JX, Qian XY, Wang Y, Cope DK, Williams JP. Ozone Inhibits APP/Aβ Production and Improves Cognition in an APP/PS1 Transgenic Mouse Model. Neuroscience 2019; 418:110-121. [PMID: 31349006 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder without effective treatment. Accumulating evidence demonstrates the production and deposition of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) in the pathological mechanism of this disease. In our study, we investigated the effect of an ozone intraperitoneal injection on AD pathology in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model. The male mice (5-months-old) received either ozone intraperitoneal injection (at 30 μg/ml or 50 μg/ml) or abdominocentesis administration daily for 25 days, and they were evaluated in the Morris water maze and the open field test for improvements in spatial learning-memory and working memory and anxious. Prefrontal cortex and hippocampus amyloid-β precursor protein (APP), along with other relevant biomarkers for AD, were measured through ELISA, western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that ozone ameliorated the behavioral and pathological deterioration of APP/PS1 transgenic mice, and reduced the level of APP, which supports the therapeutic potential of administration of ozone in APP/PS1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiyuan Rd 3#, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiyuan Rd 3#, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jian-Xiong An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiyuan Rd 3#, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiyuan Rd 3#, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine & Critical Care Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiyuan Rd 3#, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Doris K Cope
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - John P Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Activity of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in acute brain oxidative damage induced by ozone exposure. Nitric Oxide 2018; 75:42-52. [PMID: 29454052 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wong TY. Smog induces oxidative stress and microbiota disruption. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:235-244. [PMID: 28911664 PMCID: PMC9332540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Smog is created through the interactions between pollutants in the air, fog, and sunlight. Air pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, heavy metals, nitrogen oxides, ozone, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic vapors, and particulate matters, can induce oxidative stress in human directly or indirectly through the formation of reactive oxygen species. The outermost boundary of human skin and mucous layers are covered by a complex network of human-associated microbes. The relation between these microbial communities and their human host are mostly mutualistic. These microbes not only provide nutrients, vitamins, and protection against other pathogens, they also influence human’s physical, immunological, nutritional, and mental developments. Elements in smog can induce oxidative stress to these microbes, leading to community collapse. Disruption of these mutualistic microbiota may introduce unexpected health risks, especially among the newborns and young children. Besides reducing the burning of fossil fuels as the ultimate solution of smog formation, advanced methods by using various physical, chemical, and biological means to reduce sulfur and nitrogen contains in fossil fuels could lower smog formation. Additionally, information on microbiota disruption, based on functional genomics, culturomics, and general ecological principles, should be included in the risk assessment of prolonged smog exposure to the health of human populations.
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Thomson EM, Pal S, Guénette J, Wade MG, Atlas E, Holloway AC, Williams A, Vincent R. Ozone Inhalation Provokes Glucocorticoid-Dependent and -Independent Effects on Inflammatory and Metabolic Pathways. Toxicol Sci 2016; 152:17-28. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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8
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Akhter H, Ballinger C, Liu N, van Groen T, Postlethwait EM, Liu RM. Cyclic Ozone Exposure Induces Gender-Dependent Neuropathology and Memory Decline in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Toxicol Sci 2015; 147:222-34. [PMID: 26116027 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia in the elderly. Although early-onset (familial) AD is attributed to gene mutations, the cause for late-onset (sporadic) AD, which accounts for 95% of AD cases, is unknown. In this study, we show that exposure of 6-week-old amyloid beta precursor protein (APP)/presenilin (PS1) overexpressing mice, a well-established animal model of AD, and nontransgenic littermates to a cyclic O3 exposure protocol, which mimics environmental exposure episodes, accelerated learning/memory function loss in male APP/PS1 mice but not in female APP/PS1 mice or nontransgenic littermates. Female APP/PS1 mice had higher brain levels of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ42) and Aβ40, compared with male APP/PS1 mice; O3 exposure, however, had no significant effect on brain Aβ load in either male or female mice. Our results further show that male APP/PS1 mice had lower levels of antioxidants (glutathione and ascorbate) and experienced augmented induction of NADPH oxidases, lipid peroxidation, and neuronal apoptosis upon O3 exposure, compared with female APP/PS1 mice. No significant effect of O3 on any of these parameters was detected in nontransgenic littermates. In vitro studies further show that 4-hydroxynonenal, a lipid peroxidation product which was increased in the plasma and cortex/hippocampus of O3-exposed male APP/PS1 mice, induced neuroblastoma cell apoptosis. Together, the results suggest that O3 exposure per se may not cause AD but can synergize with genetic risk factors to accelerate the pathophysiology of AD in genetically predisposed populations. The results also suggest that males may be more sensitive to O3-induced neuropathophysiology than females due to lower levels of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nianjun Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health
| | | | | | - Rui-Ming Liu
- *Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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9
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Paffett ML, Zychowski KE, Sheppard L, Robertson S, Weaver JM, Lucas SN, Campen MJ. Ozone Inhalation Impairs Coronary Artery Dilation via Intracellular Oxidative Stress: Evidence for Serum-Borne Factors as Drivers of Systemic Toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2015; 146:244-53. [PMID: 25962394 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient ozone (O3) levels are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms driving extrapulmonary toxicity remain unclear. This study examined the coronary vascular bed of rats in terms of constrictive and dilatory responses to known agonists following a single O3 inhalation exposure. In addition, serum from exposed rats was used in ex vivo preparations to examine whether bioactivity and toxic effects of inhaled O3 could be conveyed to extrapulmonary systems via the circulation. We found that 24 h following inhalation of 1 ppm O3, isolated coronary vessels exhibited greater basal tone and constricted to a greater degree to serotonin stimulation. Vasodilation to acetylcholine (ACh) was markedly diminished in coronary arteries from O3-exposed rats, compared with filtered air-exposed controls. Dilation to ACh was restored by combined superoxide dismutase and catalase treatment, and also by NADPH oxidase inhibition. When dilute (10%) serum from exposed rats was perfused into the lumen of coronary arteries from unexposed, naïve rats, the O3-induced reduction in vasodilatory response to ACh was partially recapitulated. Furthermore, following O3 inhalation, serum exhibited a nitric oxide scavenging capacity, which may partially explain blunted ACh-mediated vasodilatory responses. Thus, bioactivity from inhalation exposures may be due to compositional changes of the circulation. These studies shed light on possible mechanisms of action that may explain O3-associated cardiac morbidity and mortality in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Paffett
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Katherine E Zychowski
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Lianne Sheppard
- Departments of Biostatistics and Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington and
| | - Sarah Robertson
- Toxicology Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, UK
| | - John M Weaver
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Selita N Lucas
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Matthew J Campen
- *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico,
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Theis WS, Andringa KK, Millender-Swain T, Dickinson DA, Postlethwait EM, Bailey SM. Ozone inhalation modifies the rat liver proteome. Redox Biol 2014; 2:52-60. [PMID: 25544660 PMCID: PMC4297937 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is a serious public health concern. Recent findings indicate that the damaging health effects of O3 extend to multiple systemic organ systems. Herein, we hypothesize that O3 inhalation will cause downstream alterations to the liver. To test this, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 0.5 ppm O3 for 8 h/day for 5 days. Plasma liver enzyme measurements showed that 5 day O3 exposure did not cause liver cell death. Proteomic and mass spectrometry analysis identified 10 proteins in the liver that were significantly altered in abundance following short-term O3 exposure and these included several stress responsive proteins. Glucose-regulated protein 78 and protein disulfide isomerase increased, whereas glutathione S-transferase M1 was significantly decreased by O3 inhalation. In contrast, no significant changes were detected for the stress response protein heme oxygenase-1 or cytochrome P450 2E1 and 2B in liver of O3 exposed rats compared to controls. In summary, these results show that an environmentally-relevant exposure to inhaled O3 can alter the expression of select proteins in the liver. We propose that O3 inhalation may represent an important unrecognized factor that can modulate hepatic metabolic functions. Rats were exposed to filtered air (FA) or 0.5 ppm ozone (O3) 8 h/day for 5 days. Using this exposure protocol, O3 caused no detectable lung injury or liver cell death. O3 altered the expression of some drug metabolism and stress proteins in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Theis
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Kelly K Andringa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Telisha Millender-Swain
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Dale A Dickinson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Edward M Postlethwait
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Shannon M Bailey
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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11
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González-Guevara E, Martínez-Lazcano JC, Custodio V, Hernández-Cerón M, Rubio C, Paz C. Exposure to ozone induces a systemic inflammatory response: possible source of the neurological alterations induced by this gas. Inhal Toxicol 2014; 26:485-91. [DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.922648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Campen MJ. To breathe or not to breathe: negative data on ozone and vascular function in an established research model. Toxicol Sci 2014; 135:263-4. [PMID: 24158039 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Campen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico MSC09 5360, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001
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13
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Thomson EM, Vladisavljevic D, Mohottalage S, Kumarathasan P, Vincent R. Mapping acute systemic effects of inhaled particulate matter and ozone: multiorgan gene expression and glucocorticoid activity. Toxicol Sci 2013; 135:169-81. [PMID: 23805001 PMCID: PMC3748763 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated associations between air pollution and adverse effects that extend beyond respiratory and cardiovascular disease, including low birth weight, appendicitis, stroke, and neurological/neurobehavioural outcomes (e.g., neurodegenerative disease, cognitive decline, depression, and suicide). To gain insight into mechanisms underlying such effects, we mapped gene profiles in the lungs, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, cerebral hemisphere, and pituitary of male Fischer-344 rats immediately and 24h after a 4-h exposure by inhalation to particulate matter (0, 5, and 50mg/m3 EHC-93 urban particles) and ozone (0, 0.4, and 0.8 ppm). Pollutant exposure provoked differential expression of genes involved in a number of pathways, including antioxidant response, xenobiotic metabolism, inflammatory signalling, and endothelial dysfunction. The mRNA profiles, while exhibiting some interorgan and pollutant-specific differences, were remarkably similar across organs for a set of genes, including increased expression of redox/glucocorticoid-sensitive genes and decreased expression of inflammatory genes, suggesting a possible hormonal effect. Pollutant exposure increased plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and the glucocorticoid corticosterone, confirming activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and there was a corresponding increase in markers of glucocorticoid activity. Although effects were transient and presumably represent an adaptive response to acute exposure in these healthy animals, chronic activation and inappropriate regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are associated with adverse neurobehavioral, metabolic, immune, developmental, and cardiovascular effects. The experimental data are consistent with epidemiological associations of air pollutants with extrapulmonary health outcomes and suggest a mechanism through which such health effects may be induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Errol M Thomson
- Hazard Identification Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
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Singhal R, Ganey PE, Roth RA. Complement activation in acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 341:377-85. [PMID: 22319198 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.111.189837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Overdose with acetaminophen (APAP) results in acute liver failure in humans and experimental animals. Complement comprises more than 30 proteins that can participate in tissue injury and/or repair, but the role of complement activation in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity has not been evaluated. Treatment of male, C57BL6J mice with APAP (200-400 mg/kg) resulted in liver injury as evidenced by increased activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in plasma and hepatocellular necrosis. Plasma concentration of the complement component C3 was significantly reduced 6 h after treatment with APAP, indicating complement activation, and C3b (detected by immunostaining) accumulated in the centrilobular areas of liver lobules. Pretreatment with cobra venom factor (CVF; 15 U/mouse) to deplete complement components abolished APAP-mediated C3b accumulation, and this was accompanied by reductions in plasma ALT activity, hepatocellular necrosis, hepatic neutrophil accumulation, and expression of inflammatory genes (interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and plasminogen activation inhibitor-1) at 24 h after APAP treatment. Loss of hepatocellular GSH was similar in APAP-treated mice pretreated with either saline or CVF, suggesting that CVF pretreatment did not affect APAP bioactivation. Mice with a genetic deficiency in C3 had reduced ALT activity 6 and 12 h after APAP administration compared with wild-type animals. These results reveal a key role for complement activation in hepatic inflammation and progression of injury during the pathogenesis of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Singhal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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15
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Yang X, Salminen WF. Kava extract, an herbal alternative for anxiety relief, potentiates acetaminophen-induced cytotoxicity in rat hepatic cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:592-600. [PMID: 21397479 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The widely used over-the-counter analgesic acetaminophen (APAP) is the leading cause of acute liver failure in the United States and due to this high incidence, a recent FDA Advisory Board recommended lowering the maximum dose of APAP. Kava herbal dietary supplements have been implicated in several human liver failure cases leading to the ban of kava-containing products in several Western countries. In the US, the FDA has issued warnings about the potential adverse effects of kava, but kava dietary supplements are still available to consumers. In this study, we tested the potential of kava extract to potentiate APAP-induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity. In rat primary hepatocytes, co-treatment with kava and APAP caused 100% loss of cell viability, while the treatment of kava or APAP alone caused ∼50% and ∼30% loss of cell viability, respectively. APAP-induced glutathione (GSH) depletion was also potentiated by kava. Co-exposure to kava decreased cellular ATP concentrations, increased the formation of reactive oxygen species, and caused mitochondrial damage as indicated by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, similar findings were obtained from a cultured rat liver cell line, clone-9. These observations indicate that kava potentiates APAP-induced cytotoxicity by increasing the magnitude of GSH depletion, resulting in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately leading to cell death. These results highlight the potential for drug-dietary supplement interactions even with widely used over-the-counter drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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